Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100402
Shujin Fan , Jin Xu , Jinli Wu , Li Yan , Meng Ren
Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a major global health burden, yet epidemiological research on low physical activity's (LPA) impact is limited. This study examines LPA's global effect on T2DM.
Methods
Analyzing Global Burden of Disease Database (GBD) 2019, we explored LPA-attributable T2DM deaths and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2019, stratified by year, gender, country, and SDI regions. Estimated Annual Percentage Change (EAPC) assessed trends, and Bayesian models predicted future patterns.
Results
In 2019, LPA accounted for a substantial 8.5% of T2DM deaths and 6.9% of DALYs, representing a noticeable rise since 1990. Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) and disability-adjusted life years rates (ASDR) increased globally, particularly in low Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) regions. High and high-middle SDI regions saw a decrease in ASMR, while all regions generally saw an upward trend in ASDR. Projections for 2050 suggest a declining ASMR but an increasing ASDR, indicating a continuing burden of T2DM despite potential mortality reductions.
Conclusion
LPA significantly impacts T2DM, particularly in low SDI regions. Promotion of physical activity is crucial to reduce this burden, particularly in regions where the disease's impact is most severe.
{"title":"Spatiotemporal trends of Type 2 diabetes due to low physical activity from 1990 to 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: A Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","authors":"Shujin Fan , Jin Xu , Jinli Wu , Li Yan , Meng Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a major global health burden, yet epidemiological research on low physical activity's (LPA) impact is limited. This study examines LPA's global effect on T2DM.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Analyzing Global Burden of Disease Database (GBD) 2019, we explored LPA-attributable T2DM deaths and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2019, stratified by year, gender, country, and SDI regions. Estimated Annual Percentage Change (EAPC) assessed trends, and Bayesian models predicted future patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2019, LPA accounted for a substantial 8.5% of T2DM deaths and 6.9% of DALYs, representing a noticeable rise since 1990. Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) and disability-adjusted life years rates (ASDR) increased globally, particularly in low Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) regions. High and high-middle SDI regions saw a decrease in ASMR, while all regions generally saw an upward trend in ASDR. Projections for 2050 suggest a declining ASMR but an increasing ASDR, indicating a continuing burden of T2DM despite potential mortality reductions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>LPA significantly impacts T2DM, particularly in low SDI regions. Promotion of physical activity is crucial to reduce this burden, particularly in regions where the disease's impact is most severe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"28 11","pages":"Article 100402"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100385
Sheau-Wen Shyu , Cheng-Fu Lin , Shu-Hui Yang , Wei-Min Chu , Chiann-Yi Hsu , Shih-Yi Lin , Ya-Hui Yeh
Objectives
To evaluate the relationship between oral health and geriatric disorders, as well as its role in clinical outcomes among acutely admitted older patients.
Design
A retrospective observational study was conducted.
Setting
The study was conducted at a medical center in central Taiwan.
Participants
A total of 1,141 patients (651 males and 490 females), aged 65 years or older, were admitted due to acute illness with geriatric syndromes from October 1, 2018, to March 31, 2023.
Measurements
A comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) was conducted, covering the comorbidity index, cognitive status, mood, physical function, nutritional status, mobility, health-related quality of life, frailty, and oral health condition. Oral health was evaluated using a bedside oral examination with scores ranging from 8 to 24, where scores of 8–10 indicated normal oral health, 11–14 indicated moderate impairment, and 15–24 indicated severe impairment. The primary outcome observed was in-hospital mortality.
Results
Among the participants, 40.5% experienced cognitive impairment, 24.8% exhibited depressive symptoms, 69.4% had low hand grip strength, 36.5% demonstrated low performance in mobility, and 78.9% were at risk of malnutrition. Severe impairment of oral health was found in 18.8% of the participants, while frailty was observed in 85.1%. Stratification of oral health severity revealed differences in various CGA parameters, including comorbidity, polypharmacy, cognitive impairment, depressive mood, physical activity, mobility, nutritional status, and quality of life, as well as clinical outcomes such as length of stay and in-hospital mortality between the groups. In univariable analysis, age, gender, frailty, oral health impairment, comorbidity index, nutritional status, and cognitive and physical functions were all significantly associated with in-hospital mortality. After adjusting for significant factors, severe oral health impairment remained significantly associated with mortality.
Conclusion
In acutely admitted older patients, oral health was associated with geriatric disorders and was linked to in-hospital mortality. Early intervention in oral health may be necessary to improve outcomes.
{"title":"Association of oral health with geriatric syndromes and clinical outcomes in hospitalized older adults","authors":"Sheau-Wen Shyu , Cheng-Fu Lin , Shu-Hui Yang , Wei-Min Chu , Chiann-Yi Hsu , Shih-Yi Lin , Ya-Hui Yeh","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the relationship between oral health and geriatric disorders, as well as its role in clinical outcomes among acutely admitted older patients.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A retrospective observational study was conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>The study was conducted at a medical center in central Taiwan.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>A total of 1,141 patients (651 males and 490 females), aged 65 years or older, were admitted due to acute illness with geriatric syndromes from October 1, 2018, to March 31, 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Measurements</h3><div>A comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) was conducted, covering the comorbidity index, cognitive status, mood, physical function, nutritional status, mobility, health-related quality of life, frailty, and oral health condition. Oral health was evaluated using a bedside oral examination with scores ranging from 8 to 24, where scores of 8–10 indicated normal oral health, 11–14 indicated moderate impairment, and 15–24 indicated severe impairment. The primary outcome observed was in-hospital mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the participants, 40.5% experienced cognitive impairment, 24.8% exhibited depressive symptoms, 69.4% had low hand grip strength, 36.5% demonstrated low performance in mobility, and 78.9% were at risk of malnutrition. Severe impairment of oral health was found in 18.8% of the participants, while frailty was observed in 85.1%. Stratification of oral health severity revealed differences in various CGA parameters, including comorbidity, polypharmacy, cognitive impairment, depressive mood, physical activity, mobility, nutritional status, and quality of life, as well as clinical outcomes such as length of stay and in-hospital mortality between the groups. In univariable analysis, age, gender, frailty, oral health impairment, comorbidity index, nutritional status, and cognitive and physical functions were all significantly associated with in-hospital mortality. After adjusting for significant factors, severe oral health impairment remained significantly associated with mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In acutely admitted older patients, oral health was associated with geriatric disorders and was linked to in-hospital mortality. Early intervention in oral health may be necessary to improve outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"28 11","pages":"Article 100385"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100400
Jiajia Li , Heming Pei , Xiaojin Yan , Yue Wei , Gong Chen , Lijun Pei
Objectives
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with frailty, while the association with frailty state transitions and the role of social participation remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between ACEs and frailty state transitions, alongside the moderating effect of social participation
Methods
Data from 9,621 adults aged 45 and older from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011–2020) were analyzed. Frailty was measured with the frailty index, while ACEs and social participation were measured with a validated questionnaire. The association between ACEs and frailty state transitions was estimated using multi-state models. An interaction analysis were used to examine the moderating effects of social participation.
Results
Participants with higher ACEs scores (≥4) were associated with an increased probability of forward transition (robust to pre-frail, HR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.21–1.54; prefrail to frail, HR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.18–1.63) and decreased probability of backward transition (pre-frail to robust, HR = 0.64, 95%CI: 0.55–0.76). Additionally, participants with moderate and high level social participation were associated with an increased probability of backward transition (pre-frail to robust, HR = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.01–1.23; frail to pre-frail, HR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.02–1.33, respectively). Social participation moderated the association between ACEs exposure and frailty (P for interaction <0.05), while participants with lower ACEs scores (1 and 2) and high social participation were associated with an increased probability of transition from frail to pre-frail (HR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.04–1.89 and HR = 1.15, 95%CI: 1.08–1.69).
Conclusions
High ACEs scores were associated with an increased likelihood of adverse frailty development. Older adults with ACEs exposure might benefit from intervention strategies to improve social participation.
{"title":"Adverse Childhood Experiences and Social Participation on Frailty State Transitions among middle-aged and older adults: evidence from a 10-year prospective study in China","authors":"Jiajia Li , Heming Pei , Xiaojin Yan , Yue Wei , Gong Chen , Lijun Pei","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with frailty, while the association with frailty state transitions and the role of social participation remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between ACEs and frailty state transitions, alongside the moderating effect of social participation</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 9,621 adults aged 45 and older from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011–2020) were analyzed. Frailty was measured with the frailty index, while ACEs and social participation were measured with a validated questionnaire. The association between ACEs and frailty state transitions was estimated using multi-state models. An interaction analysis were used to examine the moderating effects of social participation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants with higher ACEs scores (≥4) were associated with an increased probability of forward transition (robust to pre-frail, HR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.21–1.54; prefrail to frail, HR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.18–1.63) and decreased probability of backward transition (pre-frail to robust, HR = 0.64, 95%CI: 0.55–0.76). Additionally, participants with moderate and high level social participation were associated with an increased probability of backward transition (pre-frail to robust, HR = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.01–1.23; frail to pre-frail, HR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.02–1.33, respectively). Social participation moderated the association between ACEs exposure and frailty (P for interaction <0.05), while participants with lower ACEs scores (1 and 2) and high social participation were associated with an increased probability of transition from frail to pre-frail (HR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.04–1.89 and HR = 1.15, 95%CI: 1.08–1.69).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>High ACEs scores were associated with an increased likelihood of adverse frailty development. Older adults with ACEs exposure might benefit from intervention strategies to improve social participation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"28 12","pages":"Article 100400"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100399
Yuwei Peng , Lulu Pan , Qiuli Zhu , Ruilang Lin , Chen Huang , Yahang Liu , Yifang Huang , Guochen Li , Ye Yao , Yongfu Yu , Jianguo Tang
Objectives
Diabetes was associated with increased serum urate levels and a higher risk of dementia. However, current evidence regarding the association between serum urate and dementia is controversial.The research gap on how to effectively control urate levels in the population with diabetes still remains. We aim to examine the association of diabetes status and serum urate with dementia incidence, and the differences in this association among participants with different diabetes statuses.
Methods
A total of 321,896 participants was recruited from the UK Biobank and followed up until 2022. Diabetes status was classified into diabetes, prediabetes and normoglycaemia according to the American Diabetes Association 2023 guideline. Serum urate levels were stratified using gender-specific quartiles of concentrations. All-cause dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia were ascertained using the International Classification of Diseases-10th revision (ICD-10). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association between serum urate, diabetes status, and dementia incidence.
Results
Of the 321,896 participants (mean age, 57 years old; 43.5% males), 7,087 (2.20%) individuals were diagnosed with dementia during the follow-up period. Diabetes was associated with a 70% 58%, and 134% increased risk for all-cause dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and vascular dementia respectively. Elevated serum urate levels were associated with a lower risk of all-cause and cause-specific dementia regardless of the status of diabetes. Each standard deviation increase in urate concentration was related to a 11% reduced risk for all-cause dementia (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.86 to 0.91), 7% for Alzheimer’s disease (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88 to 0.98), and 12% for vascular dementia (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.81 to 0.95).
Conclusion
: Appropriately higher urate levels within the threshold of hyperuricemia can reduce the adverse health effects of excessively high urate levels and better protect the cognitive health of people with varying diabetes status.
{"title":"Impact of diabetes on the association between serum urate levels and incident dementia: a cohort study in the UK biobank","authors":"Yuwei Peng , Lulu Pan , Qiuli Zhu , Ruilang Lin , Chen Huang , Yahang Liu , Yifang Huang , Guochen Li , Ye Yao , Yongfu Yu , Jianguo Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Diabetes was associated with increased serum urate levels and a higher risk of dementia. However, current evidence regarding the association between serum urate and dementia is controversial.The research gap on how to effectively control urate levels in the population with diabetes still remains. We aim to examine the association of diabetes status and serum urate with dementia incidence, and the differences in this association among participants with different diabetes statuses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 321,896 participants was recruited from the UK Biobank and followed up until 2022. Diabetes status was classified into diabetes, prediabetes and normoglycaemia according to the American Diabetes Association 2023 guideline. Serum urate levels were stratified using gender-specific quartiles of concentrations. All-cause dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia were ascertained using the International Classification of Diseases-10th revision (ICD-10). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association between serum urate, diabetes status, and dementia incidence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 321,896 participants (mean age, 57 years old; 43.5% males), 7,087 (2.20%) individuals were diagnosed with dementia during the follow-up period. Diabetes was associated with a 70% 58%, and 134% increased risk for all-cause dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and vascular dementia respectively. Elevated serum urate levels were associated with a lower risk of all-cause and cause-specific dementia regardless of the status of diabetes. Each standard deviation increase in urate concentration was related to a 11% reduced risk for all-cause dementia (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.86 to 0.91), 7% for Alzheimer’s disease (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88 to 0.98), and 12% for vascular dementia (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.81 to 0.95).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>: Appropriately higher urate levels within the threshold of hyperuricemia can reduce the adverse health effects of excessively high urate levels and better protect the cognitive health of people with varying diabetes status.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"28 12","pages":"Article 100399"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100398
Linsu Sun , Guangrui Deng , Xi Lu , Xinlan Xie , Long Kang , Tao Sun , Xinhua Dai
Objectives
Retirement represents a significant life transition, with post-retirement status serving as a pivotal aspect of aging research. Despite its potential significance, little research has delved into the relationship between continuing work after retirement and the frailty. This study aims to investigate the association between continuing work after retirement and the incidence of frailty among older individuals.
Design
A nationally representative cohort study.
Setting and participants
We utilized data from 4 waves (2011, 2013, 2015 and 2018) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and a total of 5,960 participants were included in the study after applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Methods
Frailty was assessed using a Frailty Index. To balance baseline covariates between workers (n = 3,170) and non-workers (n = 2,790), we employed inverse propensity of treatment weighting. The relationship between work status and the incidence of frailty was examined using Cox proportional hazards analysis, with results reported as hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals.
Results
A total of 5,960 participants (mean age 64 years; 42.1% male) were included in the analysis. Over a mean follow-up of 6.9 years, 2,105 cases of frailty were identified. In the cohort analysis, following adjustment using the inverse propensity of treatment weighting (IPTW), continuing work after retirement showed a negative association with frailty incidence, with an HR of 0.72 (95% CI, 0.65−0.79). Subgroup analysis revealed a more significant protective effect of continuing work beyond retirement age among individuals aged 65 or older, males, smokers, and those with limited social activities.
Conclusions
In summary, this study identified a significant association between continuing work after retirement and a decreased risk of frailty. The findings underscore the potential benefits of policies promoting social engagement and extending working life in enhancing the quality of life for the aging population.
{"title":"The association between continuing work after retirement and the incidence of frailty: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study","authors":"Linsu Sun , Guangrui Deng , Xi Lu , Xinlan Xie , Long Kang , Tao Sun , Xinhua Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Retirement represents a significant life transition, with post-retirement status serving as a pivotal aspect of aging research. Despite its potential significance, little research has delved into the relationship between continuing work after retirement and the frailty. This study aims to investigate the association between continuing work after retirement and the incidence of frailty among older individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A nationally representative cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting and participants</h3><div>We utilized data from 4 waves (2011, 2013, 2015 and 2018) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and a total of 5,960 participants were included in the study after applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Frailty was assessed using a Frailty Index. To balance baseline covariates between workers (n = 3,170) and non-workers (n = 2,790), we employed inverse propensity of treatment weighting. The relationship between work status and the incidence of frailty was examined using Cox proportional hazards analysis, with results reported as hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 5,960 participants (mean age 64 years; 42.1% male) were included in the analysis. Over a mean follow-up of 6.9 years, 2,105 cases of frailty were identified. In the cohort analysis, following adjustment using the inverse propensity of treatment weighting (IPTW), continuing work after retirement showed a negative association with frailty incidence, with an HR of 0.72 (95% CI, 0.65−0.79). Subgroup analysis revealed a more significant protective effect of continuing work beyond retirement age among individuals aged 65 or older, males, smokers, and those with limited social activities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In summary, this study identified a significant association between continuing work after retirement and a decreased risk of frailty. The findings underscore the potential benefits of policies promoting social engagement and extending working life in enhancing the quality of life for the aging population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"28 12","pages":"Article 100398"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100397
Emanuele Marzetti , Riccardo Calvani , Helio José Coelho-Junior , Anna Picca
Sarcopenia is associated with structural, ultrastructural, and molecular abnormalities of skeletal muscle. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a pivotal factor involved in muscle aging and sarcopenia. Mitochondrial bioenergetics are significantly reduced in muscles of older adults which is associated with whole-body aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and physical performance. Transcriptional profiling of muscle samples from older adults also revealed inverse correlations between gene expression patterns of autophagy and mitophagy and muscle volume and physical performance. This is in line with the proposition that mitochondrial quality control (MQC) processes are key to organellar and tissue health. MQC encompasses mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, and mitophagy. The latter has recently been included among the hallmarks of aging and alterations in MQC have been associated with chronic sterile inflammation as well as muscle atrophy and dysfunction. Several biomarkers spanning MQC, inflammation, metabolism, intercellular communication, and gut microbiota have been linked to sarcopenia. Findings from these initial studies hold promise to inform geroscience-based research in the field of sarcopenia by offering a plausible biological framework for developing gerotherapeutics and monitoring their effects.
{"title":"Mitochondrial pathways and sarcopenia in the geroscience era","authors":"Emanuele Marzetti , Riccardo Calvani , Helio José Coelho-Junior , Anna Picca","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sarcopenia is associated with structural, ultrastructural, and molecular abnormalities of skeletal muscle. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a pivotal factor involved in muscle aging and sarcopenia. Mitochondrial bioenergetics are significantly reduced in muscles of older adults which is associated with whole-body aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and physical performance. Transcriptional profiling of muscle samples from older adults also revealed inverse correlations between gene expression patterns of autophagy and mitophagy and muscle volume and physical performance. This is in line with the proposition that mitochondrial quality control (MQC) processes are key to organellar and tissue health. MQC encompasses mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, and mitophagy. The latter has recently been included among the hallmarks of aging and alterations in MQC have been associated with chronic sterile inflammation as well as muscle atrophy and dysfunction. Several biomarkers spanning MQC, inflammation, metabolism, intercellular communication, and gut microbiota have been linked to sarcopenia. Findings from these initial studies hold promise to inform geroscience-based research in the field of sarcopenia by offering a plausible biological framework for developing gerotherapeutics and monitoring their effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"28 12","pages":"Article 100397"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100396
Zhi-Ming Shen , Rui Zeng , Fayi Xie , Jiang Wang , Dongmei Ye , Aizhang Zhu , Lihuan Chen , Wan Zhu , Ke Zhu , Tenghui Fan , Xiao-Ming Zhang
{"title":"The association between sarcopenic obesity and cardiometabolic multimorbidity in chinese middle-aged and older adults","authors":"Zhi-Ming Shen , Rui Zeng , Fayi Xie , Jiang Wang , Dongmei Ye , Aizhang Zhu , Lihuan Chen , Wan Zhu , Ke Zhu , Tenghui Fan , Xiao-Ming Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100396","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"28 12","pages":"Article 100396"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100395
Andreia N. Cadar, Jenna M. Bartley
{"title":"The sweet escape: Are ketones a key player in unlocking healthy aging?","authors":"Andreia N. Cadar, Jenna M. Bartley","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100395","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"28 11","pages":"Article 100395"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100394
Hongmei Zhang , Quzong Deji , Ning Zhang , Yi Xiang , Yuan Zhang , Jiajie Cai , Tingting Yang , Jianzhong Yin , Yonglan Wei , Xianbin Ding , Xiong Xiao , Xing Zhao
Background
Homeostatic dysregulation (HD), the measure of aging-related physiological dysregulation, serves as an essential intervenable indicator of aging.
Objective
To explore the associations of three healthy dietary patterns with HD, investigate the most recommended dietary patterns, and identify the significant beneficial and harmful food groups
Methods
This prospective cohort study included 8,288 participants aged 30–79 years from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC), with a female majority (61.6%). Dietary information was obtained through the baseline food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Three dietary patterns were constructed: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), alternative Mediterranean diets (aMED), and Healthy Diet Score (HDS). HD was constructed based on clinical biomarkers and anthropometric measurements. Follow-up analyses adjusted for baseline data were employed to assess the longitudinal associations of three dietary patterns at baseline with HD at follow-up. Additionally, quantile G-computation was utilized to evaluate the relative contribution of each food group to the association with HD.
Results
Over a follow-up period of 2.0 years, all healthy dietary patterns exhibited negative associations with HD, with βQ5/Q1 = −0.112, 95%CI (−0.172, −0.051) for HDS, with βQ5/Q1 = −0.073, 95%CI (−0.134, −0.012) for aMED, with βQ5/Q1 = −0.047, 95%CI (−0.107,0.014) for DASH. The results of the component analyses revealed that soybean products were the most significant beneficial food group (relative contribution of 24.0%), while alcohol was identified as the major harmful food group (relative contribution of 76.9%).
Conclusion
Healthy dietary patterns, especially HDS, are negatively associated with HD. Additionally, soybean products and alcohol are the most significant beneficial and detrimental food groups respectively. Developing appropriate nutritional strategies may help reduce the burden of disease and promote healthy aging.
背景同源性失调（HD）是衡量与衰老相关的生理失调的指标，是衰老的一个重要干预指标。目的探讨三种健康膳食模式与同源性失调的关系，调查最推荐的膳食模式，并确定重要的有益和有害食物组别。方法这项前瞻性队列研究纳入了来自中国多民族队列（CMEC）的8288名30-79岁的参与者，其中女性占多数（61.6%）。膳食信息通过基线食物频率问卷（FFQ）获得。构建了三种膳食模式：高血压饮食疗法（DASH）、地中海替代饮食（aMED）和健康饮食评分（HDS）。HD 是根据临床生物标志物和人体测量数据构建的。采用调整基线数据的随访分析来评估基线时三种饮食模式与随访时 HD 的纵向关系。此外，还利用量化 G 计算来评估每种食物组别对 HD 关联性的相对贡献。结果在 2.0 年的随访期内，所有健康膳食模式均与 HD 呈负相关，其中 HDS 的 βQ5/Q1 = -0.112，95%CI (-0.172，-0.051)；aMED 的 βQ5/Q1 =-0.073，95%CI (-0.134，-0.012)；DASH 的 βQ5/Q1 =-0.047，95%CI (-0.107，0.014)。成分分析结果显示，大豆制品是最重要的有益食物组（相对贡献率为 24.0%），而酒精被确定为主要的有害食物组（相对贡献率为 76.9%）。此外，大豆制品和酒精分别是最主要的有益和有害食物类别。制定适当的营养策略有助于减轻疾病负担，促进健康老龄化。
{"title":"Associations of three healthy dietary patterns with homeostatic dysregulation: results from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort study","authors":"Hongmei Zhang , Quzong Deji , Ning Zhang , Yi Xiang , Yuan Zhang , Jiajie Cai , Tingting Yang , Jianzhong Yin , Yonglan Wei , Xianbin Ding , Xiong Xiao , Xing Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Homeostatic dysregulation (HD), the measure of aging-related physiological dysregulation, serves as an essential intervenable indicator of aging.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore the associations of three healthy dietary patterns with HD, investigate the most recommended dietary patterns, and identify the significant beneficial and harmful food groups</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective cohort study included 8,288 participants aged 30–79 years from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC), with a female majority (61.6%). Dietary information was obtained through the baseline food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Three dietary patterns were constructed: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), alternative Mediterranean diets (aMED), and Healthy Diet Score (HDS). HD was constructed based on clinical biomarkers and anthropometric measurements. Follow-up analyses adjusted for baseline data were employed to assess the longitudinal associations of three dietary patterns at baseline with HD at follow-up. Additionally, quantile G-computation was utilized to evaluate the relative contribution of each food group to the association with HD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over a follow-up period of 2.0 years, all healthy dietary patterns exhibited negative associations with HD, with <em>β</em><sub>Q5/Q1</sub> = −0.112, 95%<em>CI</em> (−0.172, −0.051) for HDS, with <em>β</em><sub>Q5/Q1</sub> = −0.073, 95%<em>CI</em> (−0.134, −0.012) for aMED, with <em>β</em><sub>Q5/Q1</sub> = −0.047, 95%<em>CI</em> (−0.107,0.014) for DASH. The results of the component analyses revealed that soybean products were the most significant beneficial food group (relative contribution of 24.0%), while alcohol was identified as the major harmful food group (relative contribution of 76.9%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Healthy dietary patterns, especially HDS, are negatively associated with HD. Additionally, soybean products and alcohol are the most significant beneficial and detrimental food groups respectively. Developing appropriate nutritional strategies may help reduce the burden of disease and promote healthy aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"28 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100384
Xiaxia Li , Yiming Pan , Li Zhang , Yaxin Zhang , Zhe Tang , Lina Ma
Purpose
Function impairment is an early stage of disability in older adults and requires timely intervention. We have previously developed Function Impairment Screening Tool (FIST) based on the Delphi method, which has good reliability and validity, but the predictive effect is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to explore the role of FIST in predicting long-term mortality in community-dwelling older adults.
Participants and methods
Data were from the Beijing Longitudinal Study of Aging. A total of 1,833 older adults with 8 years of follow-up were included. Function impairment was assessed using FIST. Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the predictive effect of FIST on 8-year all-cause mortality.
Results
According to FIST, approximately half of the older adults had function impairment (47.6%). The prevalence of function impairment varied across populations. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, female, rural, poor health satisfaction, not drinking tea, and low Mini-Mental State Examination and intrinsic capacity score were associated with function impairment. Furthermore, function impairment was associated with poor physical function and high mortality. Cox analysis showed that FIST could predict 8-year mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.74–3.87), and this relationship persisted after adjusting for age, sex, area, marital status, live alone, educational level, smoking, drinking alcohol, and chronic diseases (HR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.45–2.17).
Discussion
FIST can predict 8-year mortality in community-dwelling older adults. More attention should be paid to older adults with function impairment and early intervention should be provided.
{"title":"Function Impairment Screening Tool predicts eight-year mortality in older adults: Beijing Longitudinal Study of Aging","authors":"Xiaxia Li , Yiming Pan , Li Zhang , Yaxin Zhang , Zhe Tang , Lina Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Function impairment is an early stage of disability in older adults and requires timely intervention. We have previously developed Function Impairment Screening Tool (FIST) based on the Delphi method, which has good reliability and validity, but the predictive effect is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to explore the role of FIST in predicting long-term mortality in community-dwelling older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and methods</h3><div>Data were from the Beijing Longitudinal Study of Aging. A total of 1,833 older adults with 8 years of follow-up were included. Function impairment was assessed using FIST. Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the predictive effect of FIST on 8-year all-cause mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>According to FIST, approximately half of the older adults had function impairment (47.6%). The prevalence of function impairment varied across populations. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, female, rural, poor health satisfaction, not drinking tea, and low Mini-Mental State Examination and intrinsic capacity score were associated with function impairment. Furthermore, function impairment was associated with poor physical function and high mortality. Cox analysis showed that FIST could predict 8-year mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.74–3.87), and this relationship persisted after adjusting for age, sex, area, marital status, live alone, educational level, smoking, drinking alcohol, and chronic diseases (HR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.45–2.17).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>FIST can predict 8-year mortality in community-dwelling older adults. More attention should be paid to older adults with function impairment and early intervention should be provided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"28 12","pages":"Article 100384"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号