Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology最新文献_第7页

Hypoxia and reoxygenation induced distinct patterns of response in antioxidant capacity between two cyprinid fish species 缺氧和复氧诱导两种鲤科鱼类抗氧化能力的不同反应模式。

IF 2.2 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111928

Qing-lin Cao, Shi-jian Fu, Yu-tong Hou, Shuai Yang, Zhong-hua Tang

Antioxidant defense represents a critical biological capacity enabling organisms to counteract homeostasis disruption and mitigate oxidative stress induced by environmental stressors, such as oxygen fluctuations. However, comparative studies investigating the differential responses of antioxidant defense systems to oxygen fluctuations across diverse animal species remain limited. In the present study, two common cyprinid species—common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Chinese hook snout carp (Opsariichthys bidens)—maintained under normoxic conditions (> 7 mg L⁻¹ O₂) were exposed to hypoxia (1.04 ± 0.2 mg L⁻¹ O₂) for 3 h, followed by a 3-h reoxygenation period (> 7 mg L⁻¹ O₂). A comparative analysis of key enzymes within the classical enzymatic antioxidant system was subsequently performed. The results demonstrated that the total protein (TP) concentration in the liver, brain and gill of both fish species was significantly altered under hypoxic and/or reoxygenation conditions. In common carp, hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activity, cerebral SOD, catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, as well as branchial CAT and GPx activity, were significantly elevated during the hypoxic period. Except for hepatic SOD activtiy, which remained elevated during reoxygenation, these parameters recovered to control levels. These findings support the preparation for oxidative stress (POS). However, in Chinese hook snout carp, hepatic CAT and GPx activity, as well as branchial GPx and T-AOC activity, exhibited a distinct decreasing trend during hypoxia, followed by recovery to control levels during reoxygenation. Furthermore, cerebral SOD, T-AOC activity, along with branchial SOD activity, remained unchanged under hypoxic conditions but increased significantly during reoxygenation. These responses did not align with the POS strategy. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content remained stable or decreased in both tested fish species during hypoxia and reoxygenation, except for an increase in MDA levels under hypoxic conditions. The result indicates that neither species experienced oxidative damage. These results suggest that the common carp tends to employ a proactive strategy to cope with environmental stress. The tendency may be associated with its frequent exposure to adverse environmental conditions, which has likely facilitated the development of enhanced hypoxia tolerance and the capacity to anticipate future stressors. In contrast, the Chinese hook snout carp, which exhibits lower hypoxia-tolerant, inhabits rapid-flowing habitats where dissolved oxygen concentrations remain relatively high and stable. This has suppressed the development of capacities for predict future changes in environmental stressors.

抗氧化防御是一种重要的生物能力，使生物体能够抵消体内平衡的破坏，减轻由环境应激源（如氧气波动）引起的氧化应激。然而，研究不同动物物种抗氧化防御系统对氧气波动的差异反应的比较研究仍然有限。在目前的研究中,两种鲤科的很常见的鲤鱼(鲤属carpio)和中国钩鼻子鲤鱼(Opsariichys拜登)保持在常氧条件下(> 7 mg l - 1 O2)被暴露于低氧(1.04 ±0.2  mg l - 1 O2) 3 h,紧随其后的是一段3 - h复氧(> 7 mg l - 1 O2)。随后对经典酶抗氧化系统中的关键酶进行了比较分析。结果表明，在缺氧和/或复氧条件下，两种鱼类的肝脏、脑和鳃中的总蛋白（TP）浓度发生了显著变化。在低氧条件下，鲤鱼肝脏超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）活性、大脑SOD、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）活性以及鳃CAT和GPx活性均显著升高。除肝脏SOD活性在再氧化过程中保持升高外，其他参数均恢复到控制水平。这些发现支持了氧化应激（POS）的制备。然而，在低氧条件下，中国钩鼻鱼肝脏CAT和GPx活性，以及鳃GPx和T-AOC活性呈现明显下降趋势，在复氧条件下恢复到控制水平。此外，脑SOD、T-AOC活性以及鳃SOD活性在缺氧条件下保持不变，但在复氧条件下显著升高。这些回应与POS策略不一致。在缺氧和复氧条件下，丙二醛（MDA）含量保持稳定或下降，但在缺氧条件下丙二醛（MDA）含量升高。结果表明，两个物种都没有发生氧化损伤。这些结果表明，鲤鱼倾向于采取积极主动的策略来应对环境压力。这种倾向可能与它经常暴露于不利的环境条件有关，这可能促进了低氧耐受性的增强和预测未来压力源的能力。相比之下，中国钩鼻鱼耐缺氧能力较低，生活在溶解氧浓度相对较高且稳定的快速流动栖息地。这抑制了预测环境压力源未来变化能力的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Temperature drives the pace, not the price, of postprandial growth in Burmese pythons (Python bivittatus) 温度决定着缅甸蟒蛇餐后生长的速度，而不是价格。

IF 2.2 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111933

Katja B. Last, Terese Bech Eriksen, Emil Rindom, Tobias Wang

Body temperature influences all physiological processes in ectotherms, including the rise in metabolism upon feeding (SDA response). In reptiles, elevated temperatures increase the magnitude of the SDA response but shorten its duration with total energy expenditure remaining unaffected. Recent studies show that feeding induces a several-fold elevation of protein synthesis in various organs of pythons, but the effects of temperature on postprandial protein synthesis remain unexplored. We therefore measured relative changes in postprandial protein synthesis in skeletal muscle and visceral organs of the Burmese pythons (Python bivittatus) as well as the rate of oxygen consumption (V̇O₂) and mass of selected organs at 25 and 35 °C. Measurement were made at the peak of the SDA response (72 and 24 h post feeding at 25 and 35 °C, respectively). Protein synthesis was assessed from the rate of puromycin-incorporation and V̇O₂ was measured with closed respirometry. As expected, V̇O₂ increased with temperature in both fasted and digesting snakes. Feeding induced a several fold rise in protein synthesis, with higher rates at 35 compared to 25 °C in most tissues, but mass specific organ masses were similar between fed snakes at both temperatures. This supports the concept that SDA represents the energetic cost of growth, resulting in the same level of growth is achieved over a shorter period for the 35 °C group compared to the 25 °C group. Moreover, the strong correlation between organ-specific protein synthesis and V̇O₂ further reinforces this concept. Our results demonstrate that elevated temperature accelerates postprandial protein synthesis without changing total growth, suggesting that temperature effects on the SDA response are primarily mediated by changes in the rate of protein synthesis.

体温影响变温动物的所有生理过程，包括进食时代谢的增加（SDA反应）。在爬行动物中，升高的温度增加了SDA反应的强度，但缩短了其持续时间，而总能量消耗不受影响。最近的研究表明，摄食可使蟒蛇各器官的蛋白质合成提高数倍，但温度对餐后蛋白质合成的影响尚不清楚。因此，我们测量了缅甸蟒蛇（Python bivittatus）的骨骼肌和内脏器官的餐后蛋白质合成的相对变化，以及在25和35 °C时所选器官的耗氧量（V O₂）和质量。在SDA反应的高峰期（分别在25和35 °C下饲喂72和24 h）进行测量。用嘌呤霉素掺入率评价蛋白合成，用闭式呼吸法测定V O 2。正如预期的那样，在禁食和消化的蛇中，V (O)₂都随着温度的升高而升高。摄食诱导了蛋白质合成数倍的增加，在35°C与25°C相比，所有组织的蛋白质合成率更高，但在两种温度下，摄食蛇的质量特定器官质量相似。这支持了SDA代表生长能量成本的概念，导致35 °C组与25 °C组相比在更短的时间内实现相同水平的生长。此外，器官特异性蛋白质合成与V O₂之间的强相关性进一步强化了这一概念。我们的研究结果表明，升高的温度会加速餐后蛋白质合成，但不会改变总生长，这表明温度对SDA反应的影响主要是通过蛋白质合成速率的变化来介导的。

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引用次数: 0

Growth hormone modulates epithelial intercellular junctions structure and intestinal permeability in zebrafish 生长激素调节斑马鱼上皮细胞间连接结构和肠通透性。

IF 2.2 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111936

Marcela G. Meirelles , Camila I.M. Fénero , Bruna F. Nornberg , Tony L.R. da Silveira , Mateus T. Kütter , Niels Olsen S. Camara , Luis Fernando Marins

Intestinal permeability refers to the regulated passage of luminal contents into the internal milieu via transcellular or paracellular routes. Tight junctions (TJs), components of the apical junctional complex (AJC), are critical determinants of paracellular permeability and intestinal barrier integrity. Disruptions in growth hormone (GH) signaling have been implicated in gastrointestinal dysfunction; however, the effects of chronically elevated GH levels on intestinal barrier function remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated whether GH overexpression affects intestinal permeability and epithelial structure using a transgenic zebrafish model. gh-transgenic zebrafish and their non-transgenic full siblings were evaluated for intestinal architecture and barrier function. Images of transmission electron microscopy revealed a greater frequency of AJC disruption in gh-transgenic fish. These ultrastructural changes were associated with increased transcription of TJ-related genes, including cldn15a, oclna, and zo1a, as assessed by qRT-PCR, and a higher intestinal permeability to macromolecule (RITC-dextran 10,000 MW). These findings demonstrate that chronic gh overexpression alters intercellular epithelial architecture and enhances intestinal paracellular permeability. This may reflect an adaptive mechanism to meet increased energy demands under anabolic conditions. Moreover, these results suggest a mechanistic link between GH signaling pathways and modulation of the intestinal barrier, with potential implications for biomedical science.

肠通透性是指肠道内容物通过细胞外或细胞旁途径进入内环境的调节通道。紧密连接（TJs）是顶端连接复合物（AJC）的组成部分，是细胞旁通透性和肠屏障完整性的关键决定因素。生长激素（GH）信号的中断与胃肠功能障碍有关；然而，长期升高的生长激素水平对肠屏障功能的影响仍然知之甚少。在本研究中，我们利用转基因斑马鱼模型研究生长激素过表达是否影响肠通透性和上皮结构。对转基因h-转基因斑马鱼及其非转基因完整兄弟姐妹的肠道结构和屏障功能进行了评估。透射电镜图像显示，高转基因鱼的AJC破坏频率更高。这些超微结构变化与tj相关基因的转录增加有关，包括cldn15a、oclna和zo1a，通过qRT-PCR评估，以及更高的肠道对大分子的通透性（ritc -葡聚糖10,000 MW）。这些发现表明慢性gh过表达改变了细胞间上皮结构并增强了肠细胞旁通透性。这可能反映了一种适应机制，以满足合成代谢条件下增加的能量需求。此外，这些结果表明生长激素信号通路与肠屏障调节之间存在机制联系，对生物医学科学具有潜在的意义。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of short-term hyposalinity stress on the Pacific oyster (Magallana gigas) infested with boring sponges (Pione vastifica) 短期低盐度胁迫对侵染钻孔海绵的太平洋牡蛎（Magallana gigas）的影响

IF 2.2 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111925

Ekaterina S. Kladchenko , Olga L. Gostyukhina , Daria S. Lavrichenko , Viktoria A. Uppe , Ekaterina A. Vodiasova , Elina S. Chelebieva

This study investigates the effects of 16-h short-term hyposalinity stress on the functional state of hemocytes in the Pacific oyster Magallana gigas (Thunberg, 1793) infected with the boring sponge Pione vastifica (Hancock, 1849). We also studied pro-oxidant-antioxidant status, expression of genes associated with oxidative stress and heat shock proteins, growth arrest and DNA damage in the M. gigas mantle. Our results showed a significant increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in hemocytes under exposure of salinity 5 psu and 10 psu. A decrease in salinity from 18 psu to 10 psu led to a significant increase in superoxide dismutase activity in bivalves mantle. However, no alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential in hemocytes, catalase activity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels, gene expression of antioxidant enzymes, and heat shock protein expression in the mantle under low salinity exposure were observed. The changes in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance during sponge infestation under low salinity conditions indicate the development of oxidative stress in this mollusk. Heat shock proteins, which can protect bivalves against osmotic stress, did not show higher expression under sponge infestation and hyposalinity stress conditions.

本研究研究了16小时短期低盐度胁迫对感染了无聊海绵Pione vastifica （Hancock, 1849）的太平洋牡蛎Magallana gigas （Thunberg, 1793）血细胞功能状态的影响。我们还研究了M. gigas地幔中的促氧化-抗氧化状态、与氧化应激和热休克蛋白相关的基因表达、生长停滞和DNA损伤。我们的研究结果显示，在盐度为5 psu和10 psu的情况下，血细胞细胞内活性氧水平显著增加。盐度从18psu降低到10psu，导致双壳类地幔超氧化物歧化酶活性显著增加。然而，在低盐度环境下，血细胞线粒体膜电位、过氧化氢酶活性、硫代巴比妥酸活性物质水平、抗氧化酶基因表达和地幔热休克蛋白表达均未发生变化。在低盐度条件下，海绵侵染过程中促氧化-抗氧化平衡的变化表明了该软体动物氧化应激的发展。热休克蛋白在海绵侵染和低盐度胁迫条件下表达不高，具有保护双壳类动物免受渗透胁迫的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Comparison of redox metabolism during hibernation in the apple snail Pomacea canaliculata under natural and laboratory-controlled conditions 自然和实验室控制条件下苹果蜗牛Pomacea canaliculata冬眠期间氧化还原代谢的比较

IF 2.2 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111918

Maximiliano Giraud-Billoud , Marcelo Hermes-Lima

Preparation for oxidative stress (POS) is an adaptive strategy for tolerating adverse environmental conditions. It has been demonstrated in over one hundred animals, but the vast majority of the work was done under controlled-laboratory conditions and not in nature. There are no studies evaluating this strategy in the same species comparing laboratory and natural conditions. This study aimed to determine whether POS happens in Pomacea canaliculata snails both in the laboratory (controls versus 7-day hibernation) and in animals collected in the wild (summer versus cold-winter hibernation). The activity of antioxidant enzymes, antioxidant capacity (ABTS), lipid peroxidation levels (TBARS), uric acid, and expression of redox-sensitive transcription factors were determined in foot muscle. Hibernating wild-snails presented increased TBARS compared to summer ones, as well as the activities of SOD and catalase and levels of uric acid; ABTS decreased in winter animals. In laboratory conditions, hibernating snails also exhibited increased TBARS, catalase and glutathione S-transferase and a decrease in ABTS levels. Gene expression of Nrf2 increased in laboratory-hibernation whereas HIF-1α decreased in field-hibernation. Our study shows for the first time that the POS phenotype is similar in lab and wild conditions—hibernating snails exhibit higher lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in both.

氧化应激（POS）的制备是一种适应环境条件的适应性策略。它已经在一百多只动物身上得到了证明，但绝大多数工作是在受控的实验室条件下进行的，而不是在自然界中进行的。目前还没有研究在同一物种中比较实验室和自然条件来评估这种策略。本研究旨在确定在实验室（对照与7天冬眠）和野外（夏季与寒冷冬季冬眠）收集的Pomacea canaliculata蜗牛中是否发生POS。测定足部肌肉中抗氧化酶活性、抗氧化能力（ABTS）、脂质过氧化水平（TBARS）、尿酸和氧化还原敏感转录因子的表达。冬眠野生钉螺TBARS、SOD、过氧化氢酶活性、尿酸水平均高于夏季钉螺；冬季动物ABTS下降。在实验室条件下，冬眠蜗牛也表现出TBARS、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽s -转移酶的增加和ABTS水平的降低。Nrf2基因在室内冬眠时表达升高，而HIF-1α在野外冬眠时表达降低。我们的研究首次表明，POS表型在实验室和野生条件下相似-冬眠蜗牛在两者中都表现出更高的脂质过氧化和抗氧化保护。

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引用次数: 0

Optimising hatchery release strategies: Size-dependent training effects on the swimming performance of juvenile Schizothorax wangchiachii 优化孵化放生策略：大小依赖性训练对汪家鲤幼鱼游泳性能的影响

IF 2.2 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111926

Yuxin Fan , Yan Lu , Maohua Li , Longjun Deng , Xiaoshuai Liu , Zhaobin Song

The success of fish stock enhancement programmes is often limited by the high mortality of hatchery-reared individuals after their release. Poor swimming performance, a critical factor for survival, is a key reason for this low success rate. While exercise training can improve the physical fitness of fish, it is unclear whether these benefits are consistent across different sizes and developmental stages. Here, we aimed to determine how exercise training affects the aerobic and anaerobic swimming performance of the important economic fish, Schizothorax wangchiachii, across two different body size (age) classes. We subjected two sizes of hatchery-reared juvenile S. wangchiachii (4-month-old and 16-month-old) to 30 days of training. The fish underwent either high-speed aerobic training, low-speed aerobic training, anaerobic training, or were left untrained (control group). Following the training period, we measured their aerobic performance (critical swimming speed) and anaerobic performance (endurance time). We then compared these results with the performance of wild-caught juveniles of a similar age to the smaller cohort to gauge the effectiveness of the training. The training effects were strongly dependent on fish size. Aerobic exercise significantly improved the aerobic and anaerobic swimming performance of the smaller, 4-month-old juveniles. However, the training regimes had a much less pronounced effect on the larger, 16-month-old fish, with only their anaerobic performance showing some improvement. The low-speed aerobic training successfully raised the swimming capacity of the small hatchery-reared fish to a level that was not significantly different from their wild counterparts. Smaller juvenile S. wangchiachii benefit substantially more from aerobic exercise training than larger individuals. Therefore, considering both the training costs and the significant performance gains, implementing a low-speed aerobic exercise programme for smaller juveniles is the most effective and preferable strategy to prepare them for release, enhancing their potential for survival in the natural environment.

鱼类资源增加计划的成功往往受到孵化场饲养的个体在放生后的高死亡率的限制。糟糕的游泳表现是生存的关键因素，也是这种低成功率的关键原因。虽然运动训练可以改善鱼类的身体健康，但目前尚不清楚这些益处是否在不同大小和发育阶段一致。在这里，我们的目的是确定运动训练如何影响重要的经济鱼类——王家鲤（Schizothorax wangchiachii）在两个不同体型（年龄）类别中的有氧和无氧游泳表现。我们对两种大小的孵化场饲养的王家鸡幼鱼（4月龄和16月龄）进行了30天的训练。这些鱼分别接受高速有氧训练、低速有氧训练、无氧训练或不接受训练（对照组）。训练结束后，我们测量了他们的有氧表现（临界游泳速度）和无氧表现（耐力时间）。然后，我们将这些结果与年龄相近的野生捕获的幼鱼的表现进行比较，以衡量训练的有效性。训练效果强烈依赖于鱼的大小。有氧运动显著提高了体型较小的4月龄幼鱼的有氧和无氧游泳成绩。然而，这种训练方式对较大的16个月大的鱼的影响要小得多，只有它们的无氧表现有所改善。低速有氧训练成功地将孵化场饲养的小型鱼类的游泳能力提高到与野生鱼类没有显著差异的水平。体型较小的王家鲤幼鱼从有氧运动训练中获得的益处明显大于体型较大的幼鱼。因此，考虑到训练成本和显著的性能收益，对较小的幼鱼实施低速有氧运动计划是最有效和最好的策略，可以为它们的释放做好准备，提高它们在自然环境中的生存潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Does cooling affect skeletal muscle glycogen replenishment after an acute bout of fear-induced exertional hyperthermia in blesbok (Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi)? 在恐惧诱发的暴力性高温急性发作后，冷却是否会影响骨骼肌糖原的补充？

IF 2.2 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111921

Tertius A. Kohn , Mahmooda Martin , Kathryn M. van Boom , Byron Donaldson , Dee M. Blackhurst , Agustina Fitte , Richard Burroughs , Johan C.A. Steyl , Amelia Goddard , Leith C.R. Meyer

Rhabdomyolyses is a clinical sign of capture myopathy in wild animals and may be linked to glycogen metabolism. To study potential mechanisms, 26 wild blesbok were chased for 15 min and immobilised, whereafter 12 of these blesbok were doused with ice-water (n = 14 chased only group; n = 12 chased + cooled group). An additional 12 blesbok served as resting (not chased) uncooled controls. Vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained after immobilisation for biochemical analyses. Biopsies obtained at initial capture, 3- and 16-days post exercise were analysed for glycogen content. Blesbok muscles contained predominantly myosin heavy chain (MHC) IIA (∼50 ± 9 %), followed by IIX (32 ± 10 %) and MHC I (18 ± 5 %), with no difference between groups. Citrate synthase (mean: 87 ± 48), 3-hydroxyacetyl co A dehydrogenase (47 ± 17), lactate dehydrogenase (1567 ± 654), phosphorylase (162 ± 94), phosphofructokinase (250 ± 123) and creatine kinase (12,455 ± 6372) activities (in μmol/min/g prot) were not different between groups. Similarly, superoxide dismutase (7.9 ± 7 U/mg prot), catalase (8.8 ± 5.8 mmol/min/g prot), and overall antioxidant capacity (ORAC: 23055 ± 18,460 μmol/g prot) were not different between groups. Glycogen content was reduced in both chased groups and not replenished by day 3. Glycogen supercompensation was observed on day 16 in both chased groups (∼33 % higher than resting control group). The results confirm that blesbok have high muscle metabolic capacities, and that glycogen resynthesis is slow, which could lead to metabolite deficiency during prolonged chase events (>15 min).

横纹肌溶解是野生动物捕获性肌病的临床症状，可能与糖原代谢有关。为了研究可能的机制，将26只野生小羚羊追捕15 min并固定，然后将其中12只小羚羊用冰水浸泡(n = 14只追捕组；N = 12追赶组+冷却组)。另外12本福书作为静息（非追逐）非冷却对照。固定后行股外侧肌活检进行生化分析。在最初捕获、运动后3天和16天进行活组织检查，分析糖原含量。南非白面大羚羊主要肌肉中肌球蛋白重链(MHC)活动花絮(~ 50 ± 9 %),其次是IIX(32 ±10  %)和MHC I(18 ±5  %),与组之间没有差异。柠檬酸合成酶(意思是:87 ± 48),3-hydroxyacetyl有限公司一个脱氢酶(47 ± 17),乳酸脱氢酶(1567 ± 654),磷酸化酶(162 ± 94),磷酸果糖激酶(250 ± 123)和肌酸激酶(12455 ± 6372)活动(μ摩尔/分钟/ g prot)没有不同组。同样,超氧化物歧化酶(7.9 ±7  U / mg prot)、过氧化氢酶(8.8 ±5.8  更易/分钟/ g prot),和总抗氧化能力(氧自由基吸收:23055 ±18460  μ摩尔/ g prot)没有不同组。两组的糖原含量均有所降低，且在第3天未得到补充。第16天，两组均出现糖原超代偿（比静息对照组高~33 %）。结果证实，布莱斯克具有高肌肉代谢能力，并且糖原再合成缓慢，这可能导致长时间追逐事件中代谢物缺乏（bbb15 min）。

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引用次数: 0

Production and functional characterization of a soluble recombinant molt-inhibiting hormone in the mud crab Scylla olivacea 泥蟹Scylla olivacea可溶性重组脱毛激素的制备及功能表征。

IF 2.2 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111920

Wanwipa Ittarat , Patchari Yocawibun , Phimsucha Bunphimpapha , Paveena Tapaneeyaworawong , Parichat Chumtong , Sirinart Techa

The molt-inhibiting hormone gene of the mud crab Scylla olivacea (ScoMIH) was successfully cloned and characterized, encoding a 113-amino-acid precursor with a 78-amino-acid mature peptide. Similar to other Brachyuran crabs, ScoMIH is exclusively expressed in the eyestalk ganglia (ES) with slightly higher expression levels during the intermolt stage. To produce a biologically active recombinant ScoMIH, a fusion construct incorporating thioredoxin (Trx) and a His₆ tag was designed, yielding a soluble 27 kDa protein. Functional assays demonstrated that Trx-ScoMIH effectively suppressed the expression of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in activated Y-organs, leading to reduced ecdysteroid secretion. Furthermore, in vivo administration of Trx-ScoMIH delayed and prolonged the molting process, mimicking the natural molt cycle observed in intact crabs. This study reports the successful production of a soluble, biologically active recombinant ScoMIH, providing a valuable tool for investigating MIH signaling.

成功克隆并鉴定了泥蟹Scylla olivacea （sccomih）的脱毛抑制激素基因，该基因编码一个113个氨基酸的前体和一个78个氨基酸的成熟肽。与其他短爪蟹相似，ScoMIH仅在眼柄神经节（ES）中表达，在换壳期表达水平略高。为了制备具有生物活性的重组ScoMIH，设计了一种包含硫氧还蛋白（Trx）和His₆标签的融合结构，得到可溶性27 kDa蛋白。功能实验表明，trx - scoih有效抑制y脏器细胞色素P450单加氧酶的表达，导致体外类固醇分泌减少。此外，体内给药trx - scoih延迟和延长了蜕皮过程，模拟了在完整螃蟹中观察到的自然蜕皮周期。本研究报道了一种可溶的、具有生物活性的重组ScoMIH的成功生产，为研究MIH信号传导提供了有价值的工具。

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引用次数: 0

Differences in expression of ferroptosis-related genes and oxidative stress level between chicken breast and thigh muscles 鸡胸肌和大腿肌中铁中毒相关基因表达及氧化应激水平的差异。

IF 2.2 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111919

Tomonori Nakanishi , Jun Wakamatsu , Saki Nemoto , Akihiro Yamamoto , Laurie Erickson , Satoshi Kawahara

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulated cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation. In the skeletal muscle of mammals, where oxidative stress plays an important role in lipid peroxidation, ferroptosis is involved in various diseases and aging. However, the role of ferroptosis in avian skeletal muscle remains underexplored. This study investigated the gene expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and other ferroptosis-related genes, along with oxidative stress markers in chicken skeletal muscles, focusing on the breast (pectoralis major) and thigh (iliotibialis lateralis) muscles. Gene expression was analyzed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress were evaluated by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation byproduct, and by evaluating the ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Our results showed that GPX4 gene expression was significantly higher in the thigh muscle compared to the breast muscle. Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) expression was also higher in the thigh muscle, while ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) expression was lower in the thigh muscle than in the breast muscle. In contrast, lipid peroxidation, indicated by MDA levels, was higher in the breast muscle, correlating with a lower GSH/GSSG ratio, indicating that the breast muscle is more susceptible to ferroptosis than the thigh muscle. Additionally, the expression of FSP1 and FTH1 showed significant correlations with oxidative stress markers, highlighting their roles in regulating ferroptosis in avian skeletal muscle. This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis in avian skeletal muscle, suggesting that regulatory processes may vary between muscle types.

铁下垂是一种以脂质过氧化为特征的铁依赖性调节细胞死亡。在哺乳动物的骨骼肌中，氧化应激在脂质过氧化中起重要作用，铁下垂与多种疾病和衰老有关。然而，铁下垂在鸟类骨骼肌中的作用仍未得到充分的研究。本研究主要研究了鸡骨骼肌中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4 （gtathione peroxidase 4, GPX4）和其他铁中毒相关基因以及氧化应激标志物的基因表达，重点研究了胸大肌和股外侧肌。采用定量逆转录聚合酶链反应分析基因表达。通过测定脂质过氧化副产物丙二醛（MDA）和还原性谷胱甘肽（GSH）与氧化性谷胱甘肽（GSSG）的比值来评估脂质过氧化和氧化应激。我们的研究结果表明，GPX4基因在大腿肌肉中的表达明显高于胸肌。大腿肌中铁下垂抑制蛋白1 （FSP1）的表达也较高，而铁蛋白重链1 （FTH1）在大腿肌中的表达低于胸肌。相比之下，MDA水平显示的脂质过氧化在胸肌中较高，与较低的GSH/GSSG比值相关，表明胸肌比大腿肌更容易发生铁下垂。此外，FSP1和FTH1的表达与氧化应激标志物呈显著相关，突出了它们在调节鸟类骨骼肌铁下垂中的作用。这项研究为禽骨骼肌铁下垂的分子机制提供了见解，表明调节过程可能因肌肉类型而异。

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Protein synthesis increases with meal size and correlates with postprandial metabolic rate and organ mass in Burmese pythons (Python bivittatus) 缅甸蟒蛇（Python bivittatus）的蛋白质合成随食物大小而增加，并与餐后代谢率和器官质量相关。

IF 2.2 3区生物学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111916

Katja B. Last , Emil Rindom , Rodrigo Labouriau , Per G. Henriksen , Tobias Wang

Feeding is associated with large increases in metabolism (Specific Dynamic Action of food; SDA response) and rapid growth of many visceral organs in the Burmese python (Python bivittatus). Both magnitude and duration of the SDA response increases with meal size, which has been attributed to the extra digestive workload with increasing meal size. However, recent data shows a large increase in postprandial protein synthesis, which aligns with the high growth-efficiency of pythons, suggesting that postprandial protein synthesis is involved in tissue remodelling and plays a pivotal role in the SDA response. In this study, we investigated whether meal size correlates with protein synthesis, oxygen consumption, organ mass, and plasma amino acid concentrations in Burmese pythons. The results showed that both oxygen consumption, and protein synthesis increased with meal size. Comparison of models revealed that both meal size and protein synthesis independently drive the variation in organ mass, this supports that protein synthesis drives the organ growth seen during the postprandial period. Although slightly declined at the largest meal size, the rise in protein synthesis likely involves both substrate availability and hormonal regulation. These findings reinforce the concept that protein synthesis is a key driver of the SDA response and the postprandial organ flexibility of Burmese pythons.

进食与新陈代谢的大幅增加有关(食物的特定动态作用；SDA反应)和缅甸蟒蛇（python bivittatus）许多内脏器官的快速生长。SDA反应的强度和持续时间都随着餐量的增加而增加，这归因于增加餐量带来的额外消化负荷。然而，最近的数据显示，餐后蛋白质合成大幅增加，这与蟒蛇的高生长效率相一致，表明餐后蛋白质合成参与组织重塑，并在SDA反应中发挥关键作用。在这项研究中，我们调查了缅甸蟒蛇的膳食大小是否与蛋白质合成、氧气消耗、器官质量和血浆氨基酸浓度相关。结果表明，氧气消耗和蛋白质合成随饲料大小的增加而增加。模型比较显示，膳食大小和蛋白质合成都独立驱动器官质量的变化，这支持了蛋白质合成驱动餐后器官生长的观点。虽然在最大餐量时略有下降，但蛋白质合成的增加可能涉及底物可用性和激素调节。这些发现强化了蛋白质合成是缅甸蟒蛇SDA反应和餐后器官灵活性的关键驱动因素的概念。

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引用次数: 0