Biological Conservation最新文献_第2页

Victims of the cure: Determining the pollinator and necrophage biodiversity costs of Japanese beetle [Popillia japonica] traps 治愈的受害者：确定日本甲虫（Popillia japonica）陷阱的传粉者和尸噬体生物多样性成本

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111676

Simone Aubé , Simon Legault , Josée Doyon , Jacques Brodeur

Trapping of the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), a highly invasive beetle, is a widely used monitoring and pest control strategy in North America. However, these traps frequently capture nontarget beneficial insects such as pollinators and necrophages, raising conservation concerns. In this study, we quantified the abundance and diversity of bees (Apidae: Apis mellifera, Bombus spp.) and carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) inadvertently collected in baited traps across 20 farms along an agricultural intensification gradient in southern Québec, Canada. Using 360 trap samples collected between June and September 2024, we analyzed how bycatch varied with seasonality, Japanese beetle abundance, landscape composition, and weather conditions. We found that pollinator bycatch was higher early in the season and in farms with either highly intensive crops or mostly natural land covers and was positively influenced by high temperature and low humidity. In contrast, necrophage bycatch peaked in late August, and was abundant under cooler, rainy conditions, and mid-level agricultural intensification. Japanese beetle abundance intensified the seasonal effects on both functional groups, likely due to the release of cadaveric volatile compounds. Results suggest that baited Japanese beetle traps pose a limited but non-negligible threat to beneficial insect biodiversity. Our comprehensive bycatch assessment is used to suggest mitigation approaches to minimize unintended captures and promote conservation efforts.

日本甲虫（Popillia japonica Newman，鞘翅目：金龟子科）是一种高度入侵的甲虫，诱捕是北美地区广泛采用的一种监测和害虫防治策略。然而，这些陷阱经常捕获非目标的有益昆虫，如传粉昆虫和尸噬细胞，引起了保护问题。在这项研究中，我们量化了在加拿大魁省南部沿农业集约化梯度的20个农场无意中收集的蜜蜂（蜜蜂科：蜜蜂，Bombus spp.）和腐肉甲虫（鞘翅目：Staphylinidae）的丰度和多样性。利用2024年6月至9月收集的360个捕集器样本，分析了副渔获物随季节、日本甲虫丰度、景观组成和天气条件的变化。研究发现，在作物集约化程度高或土地覆盖多的农场，传粉媒介副渔获量在季节早期较高，且受高温低湿的积极影响。相反，尸噬细胞副渔获量在8月下旬达到高峰，在较凉爽、多雨的条件下和中等农业集约化水平下是丰富的。日本甲虫的丰度增强了这两个功能群的季节性影响，可能是由于尸体挥发性化合物的释放。结果表明，日本甲虫诱捕器对有益昆虫的生物多样性构成了有限但不可忽视的威胁。我们的综合副渔获物评估用于建议缓解方法，以尽量减少意外捕捞和促进保护工作。

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引用次数: 0

Trait-dependent declines of threatened endemic trees following plant invasion on a tropical oceanic island 热带海洋岛屿上受威胁的特有树木在植物入侵后的性状依赖性衰退

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111665

Robin Pouteau , Élise Adrien , Claudine Ah-Peng , Sébastien Albert , Olivier Flores , Bastian Laforgue , Christophe Lavergne , Jean-Yves Meyer , Anaëlle Regen , Margaux Rojat , Sarah Roussel

Biological invasions are a leading cause of the ongoing biodiversity crisis, and particularly so on islands. However, the role of invasive alien plants (IAPs) as a driver of native plant declines and extinctions remains unclear. The inherently slow and gradual nature of plant extinctions, especially that of long-lived woody species, could be a reason. Here, we examined temporal trends in subpopulations of 28 threatened endemic tree (TET) taxa. We questioned the frequency with which they decline in association with IAPs on Reunion Island (South-West Indian Ocean), and asked whether the most susceptible TET taxa exhibit characteristics that could reveal the underlying ecological mechanisms. We resurveyed 182 historically described subpopulations and tested whether observed trends of juvenile and adult TETs correlate with the abundance in IAPs using path analyses, while distinguishing TET taxa with respect to their leaf–height–seed characteristics and extinction risk. The trend of adult TETs was not affected by IAPs but that of juvenile TETs was negatively correlated with the abundance of IAPs in the understory layer. This was particularly the case for TET taxa with conservative resource-use strategies (low specific leaf area or low maximum height), whose juveniles might be particularly susceptible to competition with IAPs, but not for TET taxa with large seeds, whose metabolic reserves make seedlings more likely to attain a critical size. These findings suggest that IAPs can significantly contribute to the extinction dynamics of trees, primarily by limiting regeneration through competitive exclusion, and that their impacts vary depending on the traits of the affected taxa.

生物入侵是目前生物多样性危机的主要原因，尤其是在岛屿上。然而，外来入侵植物（IAPs）作为本地植物减少和灭绝的驱动因素的作用尚不清楚。植物灭绝固有的缓慢和渐进的性质，特别是那些长寿的木本物种，可能是一个原因。在这里，我们研究了28个濒危特有树（TET）分类群亚群的时间趋势。我们质疑留尼汪岛（西南印度洋）上它们与iap相关的下降频率，并询问最敏感的TET分类群是否表现出可以揭示潜在生态机制的特征。我们重新调查了182个历史上描述的亚种群，并使用通径分析测试了观察到的幼年和成年TET趋势是否与IAPs丰度相关，同时区分了TET分类群的叶高-种子特征和灭绝风险。成虫TETs的变化趋势不受IAPs的影响，但幼虫TETs的变化趋势与林下层IAPs丰度呈负相关。具有保守资源利用策略（低比叶面积或低最大高度）的TET类群尤其如此，其幼体可能特别容易受到iap的竞争，但具有大种子的TET类群则不然，其代谢储备使幼苗更有可能达到临界尺寸。这些发现表明，iap可以显著促进树木的灭绝动态，主要是通过竞争排斥来限制再生，并且它们的影响取决于受影响分类群的特征。

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引用次数: 0

When coping means breaking the rules: Understanding conservation crime through strain 当应对意味着打破规则：通过紧张理解保护犯罪

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111687

Judith J. Rakowski , Michelle Anagnostou , Trong Dat Cao Tien , Trung Cao Tien , Laure Joanny , Ha Trang Nguyen , James L. Slade , Luan Van Nguyen , Elle Jingjing Xu , Meredith L. Gore

Conservation crime, including outlawed hunting, logging, and natural resource use, poses a direct threat to biodiversity worldwide. Reducing this harmful behavior and understanding the motivations of offenders is crucial, yet drivers remain underexamined. This study applies General Strain Theory to explore how social and environmental strains shape coping strategies, including conservation crime, among communities in and around Pù Mát National Park, Vietnam, a hotspot for conservation crime. We conducted three phases of qualitative fieldwork in 2023 and 2024 across 16 communities, using semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and member-checking workshops with 218 participants. We identified nine distinct strains, ranging from unmet basic needs and economic hardship to land accessibility, environmental stressors, and insufficient medical care. Four of them are novel, ecologically embedded forms, such as road and remoteness strain or environmental stressors. Participants described four main coping strategies: conservation crime, outmigration, reliance on aid, and lifestyle adaptation. While participants did not always explicitly connect specific strains to illegal behavior, basic needs, economic, land, and road and remoteness strains emerged as particularly salient and were most frequently discussed in relation to conservation crime. These findings suggest that broader structural inequalities—such as poverty, limited access to services, and spatial marginalization—may influence vulnerability to illegal resource use and merit attention as potentially criminogenic stressors. By applying General Strain Theory to conservation and extending it with ecologically grounded and spatially situated drivers of strain, this study offers a new lens for identifying, anticipating, and potentially addressing risks of conservation crime in protected areas.

保护犯罪，包括非法狩猎、伐木和自然资源利用，对全球生物多样性构成直接威胁。减少这种有害行为和了解违法者的动机是至关重要的，然而司机仍然没有得到充分的研究。本研究运用一般应变理论，探讨社会和环境应变如何影响越南Pù Mát国家公园及其周边社区的应对策略，包括保护犯罪。Pù Mát国家公园是保护犯罪的热点。我们在2023年和2024年对16个社区进行了三个阶段的定性实地调查，使用了半结构化访谈、焦点小组和218名参与者的成员检查研讨会。我们确定了9种不同的压力，从未满足的基本需求和经济困难到土地可及性、环境压力因素和医疗保健不足。其中四种是新颖的、生态嵌入式的形式，如道路和偏远的压力或环境压力。与会者描述了四种主要的应对策略：保护犯罪、外迁、依赖援助和适应生活方式。虽然参与者并不总是明确地将特定的压力与非法行为联系起来，但基本需求、经济、土地、道路和偏远地区的压力显得尤为突出，并且与保护犯罪相关的讨论最为频繁。这些发现表明，更广泛的结构性不平等——如贫困、获得服务的机会有限和空间边缘化——可能会影响对非法资源使用的脆弱性，并作为潜在的犯罪压力因素值得关注。通过将一般应变理论应用于保护，并将其扩展到生态基础和空间定位的应变驱动因素，本研究为识别、预测和潜在解决保护区保护犯罪风险提供了一个新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the effectiveness of strictly protected areas in preventing forest loss and degradation across different forest types in the Caucasus 评估严格保护区在防止高加索不同森林类型的森林损失和退化方面的有效性

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111685

Johanna Buchner , Katarzyna Ewa Lewińska , Van Butsic , Zuzana Buřivalová , Arash Ghoddousi , Natalia Rogova , Afag Rizayeva , Eugenia V. Bragina , Volker C. Radeloff

Protected areas are a cornerstone of conservation, designed to preserve ecosystems such as forests. While their effectiveness to stem forest loss is well understood, preventing forest degradation is less clear, although selective logging can alter forest structure and affect biodiversity. It is also unclear how effectiveness varies among forest types. We assessed whether strictly protected areas established before the collapse of the Soviet Union were effective in preventing forest loss and degradation in coniferous, mixed, and deciduous forests across the Caucasus, a biodiversity hotspot. We used an available land-cover classification dataset from 1987 to 2015 to assess forest loss, and mapped degradation using spectral mixture analysis of Landsat imagery from 1988 to 2019 specifically for this study. To assess effectiveness, we applied propensity score matching and panel regressions. We found that protected areas in Armenia and Azerbaijan were effective in preventing forest loss but largely ineffective in preventing degradation. Protected areas in Georgia and Russia were ineffective in preventing forest loss and degradation. Among forest types, degradation was only lower in mixed forests in protected areas across the Caucasus. Our results suggest that (a) including forest degradation in assessments provides important insights into forest threats, and (b) the level of effectiveness varies among forest types. Rare forest types with economically valuable tree species may be disproportionately affected, and their threats can only be detected when looking beyond forest loss. Information on degraded forests can support both monitoring and future restoration, highlighting the need for various indictors when assessing protection outcomes.

保护区是自然保护的基石，旨在保护森林等生态系统。虽然它们在阻止森林损失方面的有效性得到了充分的了解，但防止森林退化却不太清楚，尽管选择性采伐可以改变森林结构并影响生物多样性。目前还不清楚不同森林类型的有效性如何不同。我们评估了苏联解体前建立的严格保护区是否能有效防止高加索地区针叶林、混交林和落叶林的森林损失和退化。高加索地区是生物多样性的热点地区。我们使用1987年至2015年的可用土地覆盖分类数据集来评估森林损失，并专门为本研究使用1988年至2019年Landsat图像的光谱混合分析来绘制退化图。为了评估有效性，我们应用了倾向评分匹配和面板回归。我们发现，亚美尼亚和阿塞拜疆的保护区在防止森林损失方面有效，但在防止退化方面基本无效。格鲁吉亚和俄罗斯的保护区在防止森林损失和退化方面是无效的。在森林类型中，只有整个高加索保护区的混交林的退化程度较低。我们的研究结果表明：(a)在评估中纳入森林退化提供了对森林威胁的重要见解；(b)不同森林类型的有效性水平不同。拥有具有经济价值树种的稀有森林类型可能受到不成比例的影响，它们的威胁只有在森林损失之外才能发现。关于退化森林的信息可以支持监测和未来的恢复，强调在评估保护成果时需要各种指标。

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引用次数: 0

Priorities for conservation rely heavily on discovery and assessments 保护的优先次序在很大程度上依赖于发现和评估

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111689

Harith Farooq , Craig Hilton-Taylor , Michael Hoffmann , Carsten Rahbek , Jonas Geldmann

The Red List is one of the most important and widely used sources of biodiversity information, providing conservation assessments for nearly 160,000 species. Here, we assess how the change in available Red List data can influence the selection of spatial conservation priorities and which regions are identified as most critical for conservation. We mapped biodiversity importance based on species ranges and threat status at ∼25 km, ∼50 km, and ∼ 100 km resolutions for two time points: 2010 and 2023. We then analyzed shifts in the top 10 % and 25 % most important areas for biodiversity at global and national levels between the two time points. We find that, globally, conservation priorities shifted over time from higher-income to lower-income countries. Nationally, priority areas in 2010 and 2023 were on average 60 % retained and over 40 % of countries experienced a shift in over half of their priority areas between the two years. Beyond showing large shifts within countries of which areas would be the most important to preserve, our analysis highlights an increasing focus on biodiversity research in developing nations. These shifts showcase the uneven global sampling of biodiversity, which skews our understanding of where to invest to efficiently conserve nature. We recommend increased funding for geographically representative field data collection, and the inclusion of explicit guidelines for regular updates in biodiversity frameworks to ensure conservation strategies remain effective.

红色名录是生物多样性信息最重要和最广泛使用的来源之一，为近16万种物种提供了保护评估。在这里，我们评估了可用红色名录数据的变化如何影响空间保护优先级的选择，以及哪些区域被认为是最重要的保护区域。我们在2010年和2023年两个时间点分别以~ 25公里、~ 50公里和~ 100公里的分辨率绘制了基于物种范围和威胁状况的生物多样性重要性图。然后，我们分析了两个时间点之间全球和国家层面生物多样性最重要的前10%和25%地区的变化。我们发现，在全球范围内，随着时间的推移，保护重点从高收入国家转移到了低收入国家。在全国范围内，2010年和2023年的优先领域平均保留了60%，超过40%的国家在两年间有一半以上的优先领域发生了变化。我们的分析除了显示出国家内部哪些地区最需要保护的巨大变化之外，还强调了发展中国家对生物多样性研究的日益关注。这些变化显示了全球生物多样性采样的不平衡，这扭曲了我们对在哪里投资以有效保护自然的理解。我们建议增加对具有地理代表性的实地数据收集的资助，并在生物多样性框架中纳入定期更新的明确指导方针，以确保保护战略保持有效。

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引用次数: 0

Exposure and sensitivity of threatened plant species to changing drought regimes: A global analysis 濒危植物物种对干旱变化的暴露和敏感性：一项全球分析

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111684

Susan E. Everingham , Ian J. Wright , Lina Teckentrup , Stuart Allen , Rachael V. Gallagher

Climate change is driving substantial impacts on plants, including widespread increases in drought frequency, duration, and intensity. Changes to these elements of the drought regime can elevate plant mortality and extinction risk, yet they remain largely overlooked in International Union for the Conservation of Nature's (IUCN) Red List assessments. We quantified the exposure of Red Listed plant species to future drought regimes by intersecting species' geographic ranges with global projections of drought duration and frequency. Across climate scenarios (SSP2–4.5, SSP5–8.5) 96 % of threatened species examined were projected to experience increases in drought frequency and duration in at least part of their range. On average, drought duration is projected to increase by 2–4 weeks, with one additional drought every 25–30 years across species ranges. The most exposed species include 28 threatened palms, 20 of which are Critically endangered, and 454 Proteaceae species, including four Critically endangered proteas (Protea holosericea, P. inopina, P. odorata, P. namaquana). Trees, shrubs and geophytes are most exposed of all plant growth forms to drought regime shifts. In threatened trees and shrubs species, data on hydraulic measures of sensitivity to drought are scarce, with key data available for only six species assessed for expsoure. Of these, three Endangered species (Coffea arabica, Eucalyptus albida, Isopogon gardneri) exhibit sensitivity to changing drought regimes. Our findings highlight the substantial risk to threatened plants posed by increased drought exposure, with important implications for conservation planning. Incorporating drought-regime shifts into future threat assessments will more accurately capturing emerging climate-related extinction risk.

气候变化正在对植物产生重大影响，包括干旱频率、持续时间和强度的普遍增加。干旱制度中这些因素的变化可能会提高植物死亡率和灭绝风险，但在国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）的红色名录评估中，它们在很大程度上被忽视了。我们通过将物种的地理范围与全球干旱持续时间和频率预测相交叉，量化了红色名录植物物种对未来干旱制度的暴露程度。在不同的气候情景（SSP2-4.5、SSP5-8.5）中，预计96%的受威胁物种至少在其部分范围内经历干旱频率和持续时间的增加。平均而言，干旱持续时间预计将增加2-4周，在物种范围内每25-30年增加一次干旱。暴露最多的物种包括28种受威胁的棕榈树，其中20种为极度濒危物种；454种变形科植物，包括4种极度濒危的变形科植物（变形科）（holosericea， P. inopina， P. odorata， P. namaquana）。在所有植物生长形式中，树木、灌木和地生植物最容易受到干旱变化的影响。在受威胁的树木和灌木物种中，关于干旱敏感性的水力测量数据很少，只有六种物种的关键数据可供评估。其中，三种濒危物种（阿拉比卡咖啡、蓝桉、加特纳等）对不断变化的干旱状况表现出敏感。我们的发现强调了干旱增加对受威胁植物造成的巨大风险，对保护规划具有重要意义。将干旱变化纳入未来的威胁评估将更准确地捕捉与气候相关的新灭绝风险。

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引用次数: 0

Endemic bird species are far more threatened than previously thought across the semiarid Caatinga dry forest domain 在半干旱的Caatinga干旱森林地区，特有的鸟类物种受到的威胁远比以前想象的要大

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111690

Mônica da Costa Lima , Carlos A. Peres , Helder Farias P. Araujo

Biodiversity loss is a hallmark of human impacts on natural landscapes worldwide, particularly in dry tropical forest regions which have been historically neglected by ecological and conservation science, concealing the true history of local extinctions. Here, we (1) assess the magnitude and spatial extent of local extinctions of the endemic forest birds of the Caatinga dry forest domain of northeastern Brazil, one of the most biodiverse and densely populated semi-arid regions on Earth; and (2) explore the drivers of local extinctions of these species. We quantified differences between the contemporary and reconstructed historical distributions of these species using species distribution models to estimate the regional-scale spatial extent of local extinctions. We also assessed the importance of positive and negative environmental predictors of local extinctions using gradient boosting machine models, which are algorithms that combine multiple decision trees to improve predictive performance. Most of these species lost over 50 % of their historical range, which exacerbates regional scale extinction threat. Ten of the 13 endemic species considered are likely far more threatened than suggested in previous Red List assessments. Additionally, 88 % of the Caatinga domain has already recorded local extinctions of endemic forest birds. We show this is attributed to loss of aboveground phytomass, causing irreversible damage to dry forest habitats. Unexpectedly, local persistence of endemic forest birds was not positively affected by protected areas, likely because the historical regional-scale extinction filter predates their creation and establishment. Due to reduced ranges, these species have become more susceptible to global extinctions. Therefore, integrated conservation measures should be adopted, including natural resource management and forest restoration, to avert further historical losses of this unique biodiversity.

生物多样性丧失是人类对世界各地自然景观影响的一个标志，特别是在干旱的热带森林地区，这些地区历史上一直被生态和保护科学所忽视，掩盖了当地物种灭绝的真实历史。在此，我们(1)评估了巴西东北部Caatinga干旱森林域特有森林鸟类局部灭绝的程度和空间范围，这是地球上生物多样性最丰富、人口最密集的半干旱地区之一；(2)探索这些物种在当地灭绝的驱动因素。我们使用物种分布模型量化了这些物种的当代和重建历史分布之间的差异，以估计区域尺度的局部灭绝的空间范围。我们还使用梯度增强机器模型评估了当地灭绝的正面和负面环境预测因素的重要性，这些模型是结合多个决策树来提高预测性能的算法。这些物种大多失去了其历史范围的50%以上，这加剧了区域范围的灭绝威胁。在被考虑的13种特有物种中，有10种受到的威胁可能远比以前红色名录评估中所建议的严重。此外，88%的Caatinga地区已经记录了当地特有森林鸟类的灭绝。我们的研究表明，这是由于地上生物量的减少，对干燥的森林栖息地造成了不可逆转的损害。出乎意料的是，当地特有森林鸟类的持久性没有受到保护区的积极影响，可能是因为历史区域尺度的灭绝过滤器早于它们的创建和建立。由于分布范围的缩小，这些物种更容易受到全球灭绝的影响。因此，应采取综合保护措施，包括自然资源管理和森林恢复，以避免这种独特的生物多样性进一步的历史损失。

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引用次数: 0

Species-habitat networks inform pollinator conservation strategies in cities 物种-栖息地网络为城市传粉者保护策略提供信息

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111680

Costanza Geppert , Andree Cappellari , Maurizio Mei , Dino Paniccia , Lorenzo Marini

As more people live in cities, research on the ecological role of urban green for pollinators is accumulating. However, most studies have focused on the diversity patterns at the local scale, while an urgent question is to understand how to manage whole cities to maximise pollinator conservation.

Here, we selected 105 sites belonging to 6 habitat types (abandoned meadows, crop field margins, gardens, parks, parks managed with a pollinator friendly mowing regime, and road margins) in the city of Padua (Italy). We sampled bees and hoverflies using transect walks, from spring to late summer, and analysed species-habitat networks to understand how pollinator communities were organized across urban green areas.

We found that most pollinator species interacted with most habitat types in the city, creating a highly generalistic and robust network. Compared to all other habitats, road margins had a very small influence over the network and hosted the lowest pollinator abundance and species richness. Green areas in the landscape positively affected wild bees but local patch quality, in terms of flowers and low mowing regime, was key. Network robustness decreased when the patches with the highest quality were removed first, and pollinators depended on the patches with the highest flower cover and vegetation height.

Except for road margins, all habitat patches could support pollinator species. Therefore, urban planning strategies could be tailored without considering habitat identity, for example by increasing the overall amount of green areas and by implementing management practices that enhance the floral resources across all urban green spaces.

随着越来越多的人居住在城市，关于城市绿化对传粉昆虫的生态作用的研究也在不断积累。然而，大多数研究都集中在局部尺度上的多样性模式，而如何管理整个城市以最大限度地保护传粉媒介是一个迫切的问题。在这里，我们选择了意大利帕多瓦市6种栖息地类型（废弃草甸、农田边缘、花园、公园、采用传粉媒介友好刈割制度管理的公园和道路边缘）的105个地点。从春季到夏末，我们对蜜蜂和食蚜蝇进行了取样，并分析了物种栖息地网络，以了解传粉者群落是如何在城市绿地上组织起来的。我们发现，大多数传粉媒介物种与城市中大多数栖息地类型相互作用，形成了一个高度通用和强大的网络。与所有其他生境相比，道路边缘对网络的影响非常小，并且承载的传粉媒介丰度和物种丰富度最低。景观中的绿色区域对野生蜜蜂有积极影响，但就花卉和低刈割制度而言，当地斑块的质量是关键。当首先去除质量最高的斑块时，网络鲁棒性降低，传粉者依赖于花盖度和植被高度最高的斑块。除道路边缘外，所有生境斑块均能支持传粉媒介。因此，城市规划策略可以在不考虑栖息地特征的情况下量身定制，例如通过增加绿地总面积和实施管理措施来增强所有城市绿地的花卉资源。

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引用次数: 0

Have we learned our lesson from fires of 2024 in Brazil? 我们从2024年巴西大火中吸取教训了吗？

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111691

Klécia Massi , Alessandra Fidelis , Nathália Nascimento , Vânia Pivello , Jerônimo Sansevero , Leandro Reverberi-Tambosi

The alarming 2023–2024 fire season, with over 390 million hectares burned globally, reveals a pervasive environmental crisis affecting both fire sensitive and fire adapted ecosystems. We evaluated annual burned area trends in Brazil from 1985 to 2024 using a robust trajectory analysis, revealing complex and alarming patterns. Our findings highlight significant increasing and reversal trends in critical biomes like the Amazon and Cerrado, alongside record-breaking fire seasons in regions previously considered stable, with important ecological and human health implications. The fire dynamics is a consequence of a complex interplay of land use changes, climate extremes, and environmental policies adopted later than its corresponding problems emerge. The solutions for this global crisis demand an urgent, comprehensive Integrated Fire Management (IFM) approach and its effective implementation depends on robust multi-actor governance, substantial funding for agencies, and strong international cooperation. The upcoming COP 30 in Brazil presents a pivotal opportunity to elevate wildfire prevention and management as a global priority.

令人担忧的2023-2024年火灾季节，全球火灾面积超过3.9亿公顷，表明普遍存在的环境危机影响着火灾敏感生态系统和适应火灾的生态系统。我们评估了巴西从1985年到2024年的年度燃烧面积趋势，使用强大的轨迹分析，揭示了复杂和惊人的模式。我们的研究结果强调了亚马逊和塞拉多等关键生物群落的显着增加和逆转趋势，以及以前被认为稳定的地区破纪录的火灾季节，具有重要的生态和人类健康影响。火灾动态是土地利用变化、极端气候和环境政策的复杂相互作用的结果，而环境政策的采取晚于相应问题的出现。这场全球危机的解决方案需要紧急、全面的综合火灾管理（IFM）方法，其有效实施取决于强有力的多主体治理、为各机构提供大量资金以及强有力的国际合作。即将在巴西召开的缔约方大会第三十次会议为将野火预防和管理提升为全球优先事项提供了一个关键机会。

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引用次数: 0

Fishing patterns shaped by history, place, and access leave lasting ecological signatures on coral reef fish assemblages 受历史、地点和通道影响的捕捞模式在珊瑚礁鱼类群落中留下了持久的生态印记

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111675

Radhika Nair , Siddhi Jaishankar , Mayukh Dey , Wenzel Pinto , B.T. Rajeswari Bhai , Teresa Alcoverro , Rohan Arthur

As global demand for seafood increases, reef fisheries expand with increasing mobility and market integration. Yet, many remain small-scale and informally regulated, where place-based knowledge shapes how fishing is distributed across space and between diverse resource users. These social geographies impact reef fish assemblages, with consequences for ecosystem function. However, this is challenging to document in data-poor fisheries. We used a mixed-methods approach with i. interview surveys to characterise perceptions of catch availability, spatial patterns and intensity of reef fishing and ii. in-water surveys to quantify the impact of fishing on fish communities, in the Lakshadweep archipelago (Indian Ocean). We found that although the fishery is nominally open access, subsistence fishing was limited to a distinct ‘home resource catchment’; confined to reefs proximate to inhabited islands. The recently emerged commercial reef fishery maintains profitability by focusing on distant, uninhabited atolls that have not experienced historical pressure and are perceived as richer fishing grounds. This represents a ‘spatial fix’, where problems of overaccumulation are solved by expanding or restructuring geographical space. Historically fished, proximate reefs are associated with significantly lower biomass (up to 69.8 %) and abundance (up to 97.14 %) of target predator species than reefs of distant, uninhabited atolls. The densely populated capital atoll shows the strongest fishing impacts with significant differences in size structure and community composition as well. Our approach reveals nuances in how subsistence and commercial fishers navigate shared resources and highlights a critical need for careful understanding of the social geographies of reef use.

随着全球对海产品需求的增加，珊瑚礁渔业随着流动性和市场一体化的增加而扩大。然而，许多渔业仍然是小规模的，受到非正式的监管，基于地方的知识决定了渔业如何在空间上和不同资源使用者之间分布。这些社会地理位置影响了珊瑚鱼的聚集，从而影响了生态系统的功能。然而，在数据匮乏的渔业中记录这一情况具有挑战性。我们使用了一种混合方法的方法：1 .访谈调查来描述对捕捞可用性、空间模式和珊瑚礁捕捞强度的看法；在Lakshadweep群岛（印度洋）进行水中调查，以量化捕鱼对鱼类群落的影响。我们发现，虽然渔业名义上是开放的，但自给渔业仅限于一个独特的“家庭资源集水区”；局限于靠近有人居住的岛屿的暗礁。最近出现的商业珊瑚礁渔业通过将重点放在遥远的无人居住的环礁上来维持盈利，这些环礁没有经历过历史压力，被认为是更丰富的渔场。这代表了一种“空间修复”，通过扩大或重组地理空间来解决过度积累的问题。从历史上看，近地珊瑚礁的生物量（高达69.8%）和目标捕食者物种的丰度（高达97.14%）明显低于遥远的无人居住的环礁。人口密集的首都环礁对渔业的影响最大，其大小结构和群落组成也存在显著差异。我们的方法揭示了生计渔民和商业渔民如何在共享资源中导航的细微差别，并强调了仔细理解珊瑚礁使用的社会地理的迫切需要。

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引用次数: 0