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Conservation needs and opportunities drive LIFE funding allocation for European birds 保护需求和机遇推动为欧洲鸟类分配 LIFE 资金
IF 4.9 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110833
Ricardo A. Correia , Jon E. Brommer , Anna Haukka , Leonie Jonas , Aleksi Lehikoinen , Stefano Mammola , Andrea Santangeli
Conservation resources are unevenly distributed among species and this can hamper conservation efforts. Previous research indicates that species popularity can be strongly associated with conservation funding allocation, suggesting conservation outcomes can be partly influenced by subjective human perceptions. We assessed the allocation of European Union LIFE projects targeting species conservation among European birds (548 species) and how it associates with species' conservation priorities, scientific knowledge availability, distribution, popularity and visual aesthetic attractiveness. We modelled how these factors relate to the probability that a species has received EU LIFE funding, and how many projects have targeted it. As expected given LIFE funding regulations, species listed in the EU Birds Directive Annex I are more likely to receive funding than non-listed species, and receive more projects. We also found that knowledge availability, presence in more EU member countries with access to LIFE funding, and higher conservation priority in Europe are positively associated with the probability of receiving funding, and the number of projects received. More popular species are less likely to receive conservation funding, but tend to receive more projects when allocated funding. Visual attractiveness was not associated with funding. These results suggest that pragmatic factors dominate funding allocation, but subjective factors still play a minor role. Our analysis also emphasises the need to consider non-funded species when assessing conservation funding allocation. Our findings underscore a need for targeted research on poorly-known species and opportunities for allocating conservation resources to underfunded species that need conservation action, are well-studied, and relatively popular.
物种之间的保护资源分配不均,这会阻碍保护工作。以前的研究表明,物种的受欢迎程度与保护资金的分配密切相关,这表明保护结果可能部分受到人类主观看法的影响。我们评估了以欧洲鸟类(548 种)物种保护为目标的欧盟 LIFE 项目的分配情况,以及它与物种保护优先级、科学知识可用性、分布、受欢迎程度和视觉美学吸引力之间的关系。我们模拟了这些因素与某一物种获得欧盟 LIFE 资助的概率以及针对该物种的项目数量之间的关系。正如 LIFE 资助条例所预期的那样,列入欧盟鸟类指令附件一的物种比未列入附件一的物种更有可能获得资助,并获得更多的项目。我们还发现,知识的可用性、存在于更多可获得 LIFE 资助的欧盟成员国以及在欧洲更高的保护优先级与获得资助的可能性和获得的项目数量呈正相关。较受欢迎的物种获得保护资金的可能性较低,但在获得资金后往往会获得更多的项目。视觉吸引力与资金没有关系。这些结果表明,实用因素在资金分配中占主导地位,但主观因素仍起次要作用。我们的分析还强调了在评估保护资金分配时考虑未获资助物种的必要性。我们的研究结果表明,有必要对鲜为人知的物种进行有针对性的研究,并有机会将保护资源分配给需要采取保护行动、研究充分且相对受欢迎的资金不足的物种。
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引用次数: 0
A drone-based population survey of Delacour's langur (Trachypithecus delacouri) in the karst forests of northern Vietnam 越南北部喀斯特森林中德拉库尔叶猴(Trachypithecus delacouri)的无人机种群调查
IF 4.9 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110841
Hoang Trinh-Dinh , Oliver R. Wearn , Dusit Ngoprasert , Serge Wich , Tommaso Savini
The Critically Endangered Delacour's langur (Trachypithecus delacouri) is presently found only in a few isolated karst areas in northern Vietnam, where conducting field surveys has proven challenging due to the difficult terrain. Accurate population estimates from a scientifically sound method are needed to inform management of the species. From October to December 2022, we used a drone equipped with optical and thermal cameras to survey the species in Kim Bang Forest, a critical site for the species. We estimated langur abundance from the resulting point count data using N-mixture models including abiotic and biotic variables. We also compared the effectiveness and efficiency of the drone method with two commonly used ground-based methods. The drone survey recorded 16 groups with 104 individuals. We estimated a density of 0.87 groups per km2 and a population of 25 groups and 175 individuals. This estimate is 80–113 % higher than previous ground-based estimates, attributed primarily to the higher area coverage by the drone survey. The estimate reaffirms the conservation importance of Kim Bang Forest for the species. The modelling also indicated that Delacour's langur abundance was correlated negatively with Assamese macaque (Macaca assamensis) presence and positively with vegetation productivity. Other variables (elevation, terrain ruggedness and distance to forest edge) were much less important in explaining langur abundance. Compared to the ground-based methods, the drone approach proved effective and resource-efficient for surveying Delacour's langurs. We recommend the drone method for future Delacour's langur surveys, with potential applicability to other arboreal mammals in difficult-to-access karst forests.
极度濒危的德拉库尔叶猴(Trachypithecus delacouri)目前仅分布在越南北部几个孤立的喀斯特地区,由于地形复杂,在这些地区进行实地调查具有挑战性。我们需要通过科学合理的方法对种群数量进行准确估计,以便为物种管理提供依据。2022 年 10 月至 12 月期间,我们使用配备光学和热像仪的无人机在金邦森林(该物种的重要栖息地)对该物种进行了调查。我们利用包括非生物变量和生物变量在内的 N 混合物模型,从所得的点计数数据中估算叶猴的丰度。我们还比较了无人机方法与两种常用地面方法的效果和效率。无人机调查记录了 16 个群,共 104 个个体。我们估计其密度为每平方公里 0.87 个群,种群数量为 25 个群 175 个个体。这一估计值比之前的地面估计值高出 80-113 %,主要原因是无人机调查的覆盖面积更大。这一估算再次证实了金邦森林对该物种保护的重要性。建模结果还表明,德拉库尔叶猴的数量与阿萨姆猕猴(Macaca assamensis)的存在呈负相关,与植被生产力呈正相关。其他变量(海拔、地形崎岖程度和与森林边缘的距离)在解释叶猴数量方面的重要性要小得多。与地面方法相比,无人机方法在调查德拉库尔叶猴方面被证明是有效和资源节约型的。我们建议在未来的德拉库尔叶猴调查中使用无人机方法,并将其应用于难以进入的喀斯特森林中的其他树栖哺乳动物。
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引用次数: 0
Animal-borne sensors reveal high human impact on soundscapes near a critical sea turtle nesting beach 动物传感器显示,人类对一个重要海龟筑巢海滩附近的声音景观影响很大
IF 4.9 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110840
Francesco Garzon , Pierre Didier Agamboue , Jack A. Boyle , Philip D. Doherty , Angela Formia , Brendan J. Godley , Lucy A. Hawkes , David A. Mann , Sara M. Maxwell , Richard J. Parnell , Stephen K. Pikesley , Guy-Phillipe Sounguet , Matthew J. Witt
Anthropogenic noise (anthrophony) is pervasive in natural soundscapes and has become an important aspect of conservation. While moored sound recorders have aided marine soundscape research, they do not capture the dynamic experiences of animals as they move through underwater soundscapes.
This study used animal-borne acoustic recording tags to capture the marine soundscape near leatherback turtle nesting grounds in Gabon, Central Africa. Propeller noise was heard in 75 ± 14.7 % (mean ± SD) of recordings and peaks in sound intensity up to 146 dB re 1 μPa were detected in shipping noise frequency bands. Loud noise events (> 141 dB), detected in 10 % of recordings, were distributed throughout the turtle interesting habitat. An anthrophony map was created, identifying peaks in noise corresponding with the Komo estuary —gateway to the nation's main international port and near a key nesting area. The pervasive, loud anthrophony recorded in the study may have negative impacts on nesting leatherback turtles and other species of conservation concern found in the area, and warrants further monitoring and management action.
This study offers one of the first spatio-temporal analyses of sound experienced by an endangered marine vertebrate through animal borne, multi-individual acoustic monitoring. It highlights the utility of animal borne acoustic tags in delineating underwater soundscapes and their applicability to studying concurrent biological phenomena and threats, while supporting the need for similar monitoring efforts in other critical sea turtle habitats.
人为噪音(anthroprophony)在自然声景中无处不在,已成为自然保护的一个重要方面。本研究使用动物携带的声学记录标签来捕捉中非加蓬棱皮龟筑巢地附近的海洋声景。在 75 ± 14.7 %(平均 ± 标准差)的记录中听到了螺旋桨噪声,在航运噪声频段中检测到了高达 146 dB re 1 μPa 的声强峰值。在 10% 的记录中检测到了大噪音事件(> 141 dB),这些事件分布在海龟感兴趣的栖息地。我们绘制了一张人声地图,确定了科莫河口的噪声峰值,科莫河口是通往该国主要国际港口的门户,附近还有一个重要的筑巢区。研究中记录到的普遍、响亮的人声可能会对该地区筑巢的棱皮龟和其他受保护物种产生负面影响,因此需要进一步监测和采取管理措施。这项研究首次通过动物、多个体声学监测对濒危海洋脊椎动物所经历的声音进行了时空分析。这项研究首次通过动物携带的多个体声学监测对一种濒危海洋脊椎动物所经历的声音进行了时空分析,突出了动物携带的声学标签在划定水下声景方面的实用性及其在研究并发生物现象和威胁方面的适用性,同时支持了在其他重要海龟栖息地开展类似监测工作的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Post-conflict recovery of tigers (Panthera tigris) in a transboundary landscape: The case of Manas National Park, India 冲突后跨界景观中老虎(Panthera tigris)的恢复:印度马纳斯国家公园案例
IF 4.9 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110837
Dipankar Lahkar , M. Firoz Ahmed , Ramie H. Begum , Sunit Kumar Das , Hiranya Kumar Sarma , Anindya Swargowari , Y.V. Jhala , Imran Samad , Abishek Harihar
Armed conflict has negatively impacted wildlife in biodiversity hotspots across the world. However, by incorporating conservation measures into conflict resolution and post-conflict recovery strategies, populations may be better protected and species recovered. We present in this study the recovery of tigers (Panthera tigris) in Manas National Park (MNP), a UNESCO world heritage site located in the Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR) of Assam, India, that had experienced armed ethnopolitical conflict for two decades. We document conservation attention through management input received and the tourism revenues generated and evaluated concurrent change in tiger population dynamics. The park received, on average, ~300 USD/km2/year in federal allocation towards tigers compared to ~1000 USD/km2/year estimated for protecting and monitoring tigers effectively across source sites. In the post-conflict period, protection infrastructure and workforce has been gradually rebuilt, especially in the Bansbari and Bhuyanpara administrative ranges. We also documented a rise in tourism, which boosted management budgets. Finally, combined with increased prey availability and functional connectivity with Royal Manas National Park, Bhutan, this has contributed to an over three-fold increase in tiger density (adults/100 km2) from 1.06 (95 % CI; 0.66–1.49) in 2011–12 to 3.64 (2.57–4.89) in 2018–19. High adult survival, long female tenure, breeding, and recruitment contributed to this growth. Overall, these findings show that when local communities, governments, and conservation agencies provide immediate and sustained conservation attention following the end of conflict, conditions for species recovery can be conducive, and species can be recovered.
武装冲突对全球生物多样性热点地区的野生动物造成了负面影响。然而,通过将保护措施纳入冲突解决和冲突后恢复战略,可以更好地保护种群和恢复物种。我们在本研究中介绍了老虎(Panthera tigris)在玛纳斯国家公园(MNP)的恢复情况,该公园位于印度阿萨姆邦博多兰领土地区(BTR),是联合国教科文组织的世界遗产。我们通过收到的管理投入和产生的旅游收入记录了对保护的关注,并评估了老虎种群动态的同期变化。该公园平均每年获得约 300 美元/平方公里的联邦老虎拨款,而各来源地有效保护和监测老虎的估计费用为约 1000 美元/平方公里/年。在冲突后时期,保护基础设施和劳动力已逐步重建,特别是在班斯巴里和布扬帕拉行政区域。我们还记录了旅游业的增长,这增加了管理预算。最后,加上猎物供应量的增加以及与不丹皇家玛纳斯国家公园的功能连接,这促使老虎密度(成年虎/100 平方公里)从 2011-12 年的 1.06(95 % CI;0.66-1.49)增加到 2018-19 年的 3.64(2.57-4.89),增加了三倍多。成虫存活率高、雌性寿命长、繁殖和招募等因素促成了这一增长。总之,这些研究结果表明,如果当地社区、政府和保护机构在冲突结束后立即给予持续的保护关注,就能为物种恢复创造有利条件,物种也能得以恢复。
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引用次数: 0
Extinction risk categorization in the IUCN Red List: Comment on “The US Endangered Species Act and acceptable risk” 世界自然保护联盟红色名录中的灭绝风险分类:对 "美国《濒危物种法》和可接受的风险 "的评论
IF 4.9 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110804
H. Reşit Akçakaya
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引用次数: 0
A global review of landscape-scale analyses in bats reveals geographic and taxonomic biases and opportunities for novel research 对蝙蝠景观尺度分析的全球审查揭示了地理和分类方面的偏差以及新研究的机遇
IF 4.9 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110829
José Gabriel Martínez-Fonseca , Erin P. Westeen , Ho Yi Wan , Samuel A. Cushman , Carol L. Chambers
Landscape-scale analysis is an evolving approach to quantify the effects of landscape structure (composition and configuration) on focal species. Bats—a remarkably rich and diverse group—use habitat from fine (< 0.5 km) to broad (> 4 km) scales, and thus identifying their responses to changing landscapes can highlight a variety of management implications. We conducted a literature review of >170 peer-reviewed studies from five continents of landscape-scale studies in bats. We used cluster analysis to highlight study trends and identify biases and knowledge gaps in landscape-scale studies of bats. Species in the families Vespertilionidae and Phyllostomidae, which represent 51 % of extant bat diversity, were the focus of two thirds of studies; other families were underrepresented. Tropical and subtropical Africa and Asia, notable for their high bat species richness, were underrepresented in studies. Although considered by few studies, context-dependent demographic data, including temporal and behavioral parameters (e.g., age, season) were important for explaining bat-landscape interactions. No one-size-fits-all set of variables or scales exists for bats, and even closely related species vary in their responses to variable-scale combinations. However, variables that quantify habitat size and presence of patch edges were often strong predictors of bat use. Based on this review, researchers should consider a range of scales including broad scales (>5 km), landscape and bioclimatic variables, and archiving data for future studies across temporal scales. We provide a list of recommendations that can help researchers and conservationists improve inferences in determining the landscape associations of bats species and other taxa.
景观尺度分析是一种不断发展的方法,用于量化景观结构(组成和配置)对重点物种的影响。蝙蝠是一个非常丰富和多样化的群体,它们使用的栖息地范围从细(0.5 千米)到宽(4 千米)不等,因此确定它们对不断变化的景观的反应可以突出各种管理影响。我们对来自五大洲的170项蝙蝠景观尺度研究进行了文献综述。我们使用聚类分析来突出研究趋势,并找出蝙蝠景观尺度研究中的偏差和知识空白。占现存蝙蝠多样性 51% 的蝙蝠科(Vespertilionidae)和蝙蝠属(Phyllostomidae)中的物种是三分之二研究的重点;其他科的代表性不足。热带和亚热带非洲和亚洲的蝙蝠物种丰富度较高,但在研究中的代表性不足。虽然只有少数研究考虑了与环境相关的人口数据,包括时间和行为参数(如年龄、季节),但这些数据对于解释蝙蝠与景观之间的相互作用非常重要。对于蝙蝠来说,没有一套放之四海而皆准的变量或尺度,即使是密切相关的物种对变量尺度组合的反应也各不相同。然而,量化栖息地大小和斑块边缘存在的变量往往是蝙蝠使用的有力预测因素。根据本综述,研究人员应该考虑一系列尺度,包括宽尺度(5 千米)、景观和生物气候变量,并为未来跨时间尺度的研究建立数据档案。我们提供了一系列建议,这些建议可以帮助研究人员和保护人员改进推论,以确定蝙蝠物种和其他类群的景观关联。
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引用次数: 0
The Antarctic Specially Protected Species conservation management tool: Development, use and future outlook 南极特别保护物种保护管理工具:发展、使用和未来展望
IF 4.9 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110835
Kevin A. Hughes , A. Beatriz Pais-Fernandes , Ana Hilário , José C. Xavier
Protection of specific species, generally through the implementation of an associated action plan, is a conservation tool used commonly in areas under national jurisdiction. The Antarctic Treaty area is under international consensus-based governance through the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (ATCM), which first provided for the designation of Antarctic Specially Protected Species (SPS) in 1964. Over the past 60 years, only the fur seals (genus Arctocephalus) and Ross seal (Ommatophoca rossii) have been listed as SPS, with the fur seals subsequently having been de-listed in 2006. The SPS conservation tool has therefore remained little used by the ATCM. The Committee for Environmental Protection (CEP) was established to provide advice on environmental issues to the ATCM. Through its Five-year Work Plan and Climate Change Response Work Programme, the CEP agreed to develop management actions to maintain or improve the conservation status of threatened species, e.g., through SPS Action Plans. To help the CEP in its work, we examined the history of SPS designation under the Antarctic Treaty system, considered the current conservation status of Antarctic species as provided in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and considered how the SPS conservation tool might be utilised in the future to safeguard Antarctic biodiversity. Consideration of SPS designation for the macaroni penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus population within the Antarctic Treaty area might be appropriate. However, the emperor penguin Aptenodytes forsteri should remain a priority for SPS designation in order to minimise further anthropogenic pressures on this climate change-vulnerable species.
通常通过实施相关行动计划来保护特定物种,是国家管辖区域内常用的一种保护工具。南极条约区通过南极条约协商会议(ATCM)接受基于国际共识的管理,该会议于 1964 年首次规定指定南极特别保护物种(SPS)。在过去的 60 年中,只有海狗(Arctocephalus 属)和罗斯海豹(Ommatophoca rossii)被列为 SPS,海狗随后于 2006 年被除名。因此,ATCM 很少使用 SPS 保护工具。成立环境保护委员会 (CEP),是为了就环境问题向南极海生委提供建议。通过其五年工作计划和气候变化应对工作方案,环境保护委员会同意制定管理行动,以维持或改善受威胁物种的保护状况,例如通过动植物卫生检疫措施行动计划。为了帮助环境保护委员会开展工作,我们研究了《南极条约》体系下指定动植物卫生检疫措施的历史,考虑了《世界自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录》中提供的南极物种当前的保护状况,并考虑了未来如何利用动植物卫生检疫措施保护工具来保护南极生物多样性。考虑将《南极条约》区域内的通心企鹅 Eudyptes chrysolophus 种群指定为 SPS 可能是适当的。不过,帝企鹅 Aptenodytes forsteri 仍应是指定《卫生和植物检疫措施》的优先对象,以尽量减少人类活动对这一易受气候变化影响的物种造成的进一步压力。
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “Snow leopards or solar parks? Reconciling wildlife conservation and green energy development in the high Himalaya” [Biol. Conserv. 299 (2024) 110793] 雪豹还是太阳能公园?喜马拉雅高原野生动物保护与绿色能源开发的协调"[Biol. Conserv.
IF 4.9 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110820
Jenis Patel , Munib Khanyari , Rumaan Malhotra , Udayan Rao Pawar , Ajay Bijoor , Deepshikha Sharma , Kulbhushansingh Suryawanshi
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引用次数: 0
Conserving genetic diversity hotspots under climate change: Are protected areas helpful? 保护气候变化下的遗传多样性热点:保护区有用吗?
IF 4.9 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110828
Andrea Chiocchio , Nina L. Santostasi , Alice Pezzarossa , Roberta Bisconti , Luigi Maiorano , Daniele Canestrelli
The conservation of genetic diversity is a major target of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework and of the EU Nature Restoration Law, as it provides populations with the potential to evolutionary adapt to the ongoing environmental challenges. However, genetic diversity has often been neglected in the conservation planning, and data on the extent to which it is currently preserved by protected areas are scanty. Here, we assessed the efficacy of protected areas in preserving genetic diversity hotspots under global change. Focusing on the Italian peninsula inside the Mediterranean global biodiversity hotspot, we (i) investigated the patterns of genetic diversity of endemic terrestrial vertebrates, (ii) assessed how much genetic diversity is currently covered by protected areas considering both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and (iii) estimated the impact of projected range shifts caused by climate changes on the conservation of genetic diversity patterns. We found that protected areas cover <20 % of the areas of high genetic diversity for most of the investigated taxa, and fail to cover almost all multispecies genetic diversity hotspots. Furthermore, our results showed that mitochondrial DNA is not a reliable proxy for nuclear genome diversity, and its use in spatial conservation planning might lead to ineffective initiatives. Finally, we estimated that the extent of genetic diversity covered by protected areas will dramatically decline in the near future (2050). These results identify major gaps in current protection of genetic diversity and provide concrete guidelines to plan area-based conservation initiatives that meet biodiversity conservation targets for 2030.
保护遗传多样性是《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》和《欧盟自然恢复法》的一个主要目标,因为遗传多样性为种群提供了在进化过程中适应当前环境挑战的潜力。然而,遗传多样性在保护规划中往往被忽视,目前有关保护区对遗传多样性的保护程度的数据也很少。在此,我们评估了保护区在全球变化下保护遗传多样性热点的功效。我们以地中海全球生物多样性热点地区的意大利半岛为重点,(i) 调查了当地陆生脊椎动物的遗传多样性模式,(ii) 评估了目前保护区对核DNA和线粒体DNA遗传多样性的覆盖程度,(iii) 估计了气候变化引起的预计分布区转移对遗传多样性模式保护的影响。我们发现,保护区覆盖了大多数被调查类群遗传多样性较高地区的 20%,几乎未能覆盖所有多物种遗传多样性热点地区。此外,我们的研究结果表明,线粒体DNA并不是核基因组多样性的可靠替代物,在空间保护规划中使用线粒体DNA可能会导致无效举措。最后,我们估计在不久的将来(2050 年),保护区覆盖的遗传多样性范围将急剧下降。这些结果找出了当前遗传多样性保护工作中的主要差距,并为规划基于区域的保护措施提供了具体指导,以实现 2030 年的生物多样性保护目标。
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引用次数: 0
The BirdLife Seabird Tracking Database: 20 years of collaboration for marine conservation 鸟类国际生命协会海鸟跟踪数据库:海洋保护合作 20 年
IF 4.9 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110813
Ana P.B. Carneiro , Maria P. Dias , Bethany L. Clark , Elizabeth J. Pearmain , Jonathan Handley , Amy R. Hodgson , John P. Croxall , Richard A. Phillips , Steffen Oppel , Joanne M. Morten , Ben Lascelles , Cleo Cunningham , Frances E. Taylor , Mark G.R. Miller , Philip R. Taylor , Alice Bernard , David Grémillet , Tammy E. Davies
The BirdLife Seabird Tracking Database (STDB) was established in 2004 to collate tracking data to address the incidental mortality of seabirds in fisheries and to contribute to identification of sites at sea relevant to establishment of Marine Protected Areas. After 20 years, the STDB has grown to hold ca. 39 million locations for 168 species from >450 breeding sites. The STDB has become a powerful tool to support marine conservation by facilitating the compilation of robust multi-species data to address broad-scale questions, made possible by continuous collaboration with the scientific community. The STDB has facilitated major marine conservation outcomes, including the designation of the first marine protected area to be identified solely using tracking data. Advocacy based on analyses demonstrating overlaps between seabirds and fisheries have led to the adoption of seabird-bycatch mitigation measures by Regional Fisheries Management Organizations. The STDB has also provided compelling evidence for migratory connectivity in the ocean, and been crucial in informing many policy instruments at scales from national (e.g. protection and management of important sites identified from tracking data), to regional (e.g. working with Regional Conventions), to global (e.g. the identification of Ecologically or Biologically Significant Marine Areas). This review presents an overview of 1) how the STDB started and gained traction, 2) its current status in terms of data coverage and gaps, 3) methodological developments, 4) conservation successes, 5) the opportunities and challenges experienced in managing this global database, and 6) research priorities and future directions for seabird tracking studies.
鸟类生命海鸟追踪数据库(STDB)成立于 2004 年,旨在整理追踪数据,以解决海鸟在渔业中意外死亡的问题,并帮助确定与建立海洋保护区相关的海上地点。经过 20 年的发展,STDB 已拥有来自 450 个繁殖地的 168 个物种的约 3,900 万个地点。通过与科学界的持续合作,STDB 已成为支持海洋保护的有力工具,有助于汇编可靠的多物种数据,以解决大范围的问题。科学、技术和数据 库促进了重大的海洋保护成果,包括指定了第一个完全利用跟踪数据确定的海洋保护区。基于海鸟与渔业之间重叠的分析所做的宣传,促使区域渔业管理组织采取了减少海鸟误捕的措施。STDB 还为海洋中的洄游连通性提供了令人信服的证据,并在为许多政策工具提供信息方面发挥了至关重要的作用,这些政策工具的范围从国家(如保护和管理根据跟踪数据确定的重要地点)到区域(如与区域公约合作),再到全球(如确定具有生态或生物重要意义的海洋区域)。本综述概述了:1)海鸟跟踪数据库是如何起步和发展的;2)其在数据覆盖面和差距方面的现状;3)方法论方面的发展;4)保护方面的成功经验;5)管理这一全球数据库所经历的机遇和挑战;6)海鸟跟踪研究的优先研究事项和未来方向。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Biological Conservation
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