Biological Conservation最新文献_第5页

Where will they come from, when did they go? Squamate extirpations and recoveries in Singapore 他们从哪里来，什么时候去的？新加坡鳞片的灭绝和恢复

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2026.111721

Ananthanarayanan Sankar , Ryan A. Chisholm

The island nation of Singapore has experienced large-scale habitat loss over the last two centuries, accompanied by unprecedented defaunation. Nevertheless, the remnant forests have seen some recovery in the last 100 years and some species that had previously become extirpated have recolonised and re-established, particularly birds, mammals, and butterflies. Most locally extirpated squamates, being less able to recolonize islands, can only be reintroduced through human-mediated conservation translocation. Some of Singapore's several extirpated squamate species may be more suitable for reintroduction than others. However, there is a lack of objective tools for selecting candidate species for reintroduction. In this paper, we explore the novel application of a mathematical extinction model (MODGEE) to select squamate species for potential reintroduction to Singapore. The extirpation timeline identifies two periods of heightened extirpation rates (around the 1900s and the 2000s). Extirpation rates of 17% (95% CI [1 to 31%]) estimated in squamates were comparatively lower than those previously estimated for birds in Singapore, implying that squamates may be more resilient to habitat degradation. The model identifies three species of squamates that were extirpated recently and would thus experience the least “ecological memory loss” and be better able to reintegrate into a recovering landscape. We identify the Hulk forest gecko, Gekko hulk, as the best candidate for conservation translocation into Singapore from stock populations in Peninsular Malaysia.

在过去的两个世纪里，岛国新加坡经历了大规模的栖息地丧失，伴随着前所未有的破坏。尽管如此，在过去的100年里，残存的森林已经有所恢复，一些以前灭绝的物种已经重新定居并重新建立起来，特别是鸟类，哺乳动物和蝴蝶。大多数在当地灭绝的有鳞动物，由于无法在岛屿上重新定居，只能通过人类介导的保护易位重新引入。新加坡的一些灭绝的有鳞动物物种可能比其他物种更适合重新引入。然而，缺乏客观的工具来选择候选物种进行重新引入。在本文中，我们探索了数学灭绝模型（MODGEE）的新应用，以选择有可能重新引入新加坡的鳞状动物物种。灭绝时间线确定了两个灭绝率上升的时期（1900年代和2000年代左右）。鳞片类的估计灭绝率为17% (95% CI[1至31%])，相对于先前在新加坡对鸟类的估计，这意味着鳞片类可能对栖息地退化更有弹性。该模型确定了最近灭绝的三种鳞片物种，因此它们经历的“生态记忆丧失”最少，并且能够更好地重新融入正在恢复的景观中。我们确定绿巨人森林壁虎（Gekko Hulk）是马来西亚半岛种群迁移到新加坡的最佳候选者。

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引用次数: 0

Long-term ecological and economic assessment of COVID-19 travel restrictions on Australia's only white shark cage-diving industry COVID-19对澳大利亚唯一的大白鲨笼子潜水业的旅行限制的长期生态和经济评估

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2026.111693

Jordan K. Matley , Thomas M. Clarke , Joshua D. Dennis , Lauren Meyer , Chloe N. Roberts , Charlie Huveneers

The reduction and cessation of human activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic impacted animal populations globally, often with ecological and economic repercussions on sectors such as wildlife tourism. Restrictions in human mobility led Australia's only white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) cage-diving industry in South Australia to stop for 50 days between March and May 2020 — the longest period of industry inactivity for over 12 years. More than 10 years of monitoring and research on the sustainability of the industry was leveraged to investigate the immediate and long-term impacts of this 50-day closure on white sharks and the supporting ecosystem using a before, during, and after design based on ecological and economic metrics. We found limited impacts on the residency, activity, and diet of white sharks but a 10-fold reduction in the economic value of the industry in April – May 2020. Only silver trevally (Pseudocaranx georgianus), a species that commonly associates with cage-diving activities, showed behavioural modification, shifting its diet from provisioned to natural sources of food and reducing its residency at operator sites; however, these changes were short-term and reverted once operations resumed. Overall, there was no evidence of lasting impacts of COVID-19 restrictions on white sharks or other fish that closely associate with cage-diving activities. The prompt resumption of tourism and continued implementation of and adherence to management regulations that restrict the amount of bait/berley and operational capacity likely moderated any behavioural changes of white sharks both during and after COVID-19.

COVID-19大流行导致人类活动减少和停止，影响了全球动物种群，往往对野生动物旅游等部门产生生态和经济影响。对人类活动的限制导致澳大利亚南澳大利亚唯一的白鲨（Carcharodon carcharias）笼子潜水业在2020年3月至5月期间停止了50天，这是12年来最长的行业不活动期。我们对该行业的可持续性进行了10多年的监测和研究，利用基于生态和经济指标的前、中、后设计，调查了这50天关闭对白鲨及其配套生态系统的直接和长期影响。我们发现，对白鲨的居住、活动和饮食的影响有限，但在2020年4月至5月期间，该行业的经济价值减少了10倍。只有通常与笼中潜水活动有关的银鲹（Pseudocaranx georgianus）表现出行为改变，将其饮食从供应食物转变为自然食物，并减少其在操作场所的居住时间；但是，这些变化是短期的，一旦业务恢复就会恢复。总体而言，没有证据表明COVID-19限制对白鲨或其他与笼子潜水活动密切相关的鱼类产生了持久影响。旅游业的迅速恢复以及继续实施和遵守限制诱饵/贝利数量和运营能力的管理规定，可能会在COVID-19期间和之后减缓白鲨的任何行为变化。

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引用次数: 0

Artificial light reduces elasmobranch bycatch in gillnets across multiple wavelengths and taxonomic groups 人造光减少刺网中多种波长和分类群的板鳃支副渔获物

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2026.111732

Kayla M. Burgher , John Wang , Joel Barkan , Yonat Swimmer , Jesse F. Senko

Globally, the incidental capture of non-target species (bycatch) in fisheries has been linked to declines of ecologically, economically, and culturally important marine species. Coastal gillnet fisheries often incur high bycatch, necessitating the development of new bycatch reduction solutions. Net illumination is an emerging conservation technology that has successfully reduced sea turtle and other marine megafauna bycatch while maintaining target fish catch across multiple coastal gillnet fisheries. However, little research has been conducted to understand how elasmobranchs and bony fish respond to net illumination, particularly across taxonomic groups and orders. Moreover, most studies have used green LED lights, limiting our understanding of how net illumination performs across different wavelengths and light types. Here, we use a 7-year dataset to provide the first assessment on the effects of illuminating gillnets using four types of artificial light (i.e., green LEDs, green glowsticks, ultraviolet LEDs, and orange LEDs) on a diverse array of bony fish and elasmobranchs in Mexico's Gulf of California. We found that net illumination by all light types significantly reduced elasmobranch catch across several orders, with orange lights resulting in the greatest overall reduction. By contrast, net illumination had no significant effect on aggregate bony fish catch across all light types. Our results demonstrate that net illumination can reduce catch rates of a diverse array of elasmobranchs while revealing taxonomic-specific responses between bony and cartilaginous fishes, establishing the most comprehensive evidence to date of taxon- and wavelength-specific effects of this emerging bycatch reduction technology on fishes.

在全球范围内，渔业中偶然捕获的非目标物种（副渔获物）与生态、经济和文化上重要的海洋物种的减少有关。沿海刺网渔业经常产生大量的副渔获物，因此有必要开发新的减少副渔获物的解决办法。网络照明是一项新兴的保护技术，成功地减少了海龟和其他海洋巨型动物的副捕捞，同时保持了多个沿海刺网渔业的目标鱼捕捞量。然而，很少有研究了解弹鳃类和硬骨鱼类对净光照的反应，特别是在分类类群和目之间。此外，大多数研究都使用绿色LED灯，限制了我们对不同波长和光类型的净照明性能的理解。在这里，我们使用7年的数据集，首次评估了使用四种类型的人造光（即绿色发光二极管，绿色荧光棒，紫外线发光二极管和橙色发光二极管）照亮刺网对墨西哥加利福尼亚湾各种硬骨鱼和板鳃类的影响。我们发现，所有光线类型的净照明都显著减少了几个目的板鳃枝捕获量，其中橙色灯光导致的总体减少量最大。相比之下，净光照对所有光照类型的硬骨鱼总捕获量没有显著影响。我们的研究结果表明，净照明可以降低多种板鳃类的捕捞率，同时揭示骨和软骨鱼类之间的分类特异性反应，为这种新兴的副渔获物减少技术对鱼类的分类和波长特异性影响建立了迄今为止最全面的证据。

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引用次数: 0

Revisiting “Penguins in the anthropause: Covid-19 closures drive gentoo penguin movement among breeding colonies” 重温“人类时期的企鹅：Covid-19关闭推动巴布亚企鹅在繁殖地之间的运动”

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2026.111715

Clare M. Flynn , Michael Wethington , Mairi Hilton , Gemma V. Clucas , Tom Hart , Grant R.W. Humphries , Camilla Nichol , Heather J. Lynch

The Covid-19 pandemic led to a near complete shutdown of the Antarctic tourism industry for two years, providing a natural experiment to test the impact of tourism on Antarctic penguins. An early study using Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) imagery (Flynn et al., 2023) found evidence for rapid gentoo penguin migration into a tourism hotspot during the Covid-19 anthropause, which was notable given the assumed high site-fidelity of this species. Here we present improved methods for processing RPAS imagery and, from the improved imagery, an updated interpretation of gentoo breeding behavior during this period. This re-analysis revealed that fewer penguins successfully established nests at the tourist hotspot than was originally reported, instead, high levels of penguins not on nests were present onshore. This may indicate an increased presence of subadults or non-breeding adults, movement of individuals to new locations during the Covid-19 anthropause without successfully establishing nests, or delayed nesting from increased snowfall. Overall, there was a decline in nests in the metapopulation during anthropause. This re-analysis sheds new light on penguin attendance and movement during this unusual period of suspended tourism and indicates that any tourism impact studies involving rotating closures would need to extend over several seasons for responses with time lags to fully manifest. While the core findings of Flynn et al. (2023) – that the cessation of tourism coincided with an unexpected shift in breeding patterns of gentoo penguins – remain true, our re-analysis provides a more nuanced perspective on the impacts of the Covid anthropause.

新冠肺炎大流行导致南极旅游业几乎完全关闭了两年，为测试旅游业对南极企鹅的影响提供了一个自然实验。一项使用遥控飞机系统（RPAS）图像的早期研究（Flynn et al., 2023）发现了在Covid-19人类暂停期间巴布亚企鹅快速迁移到旅游热点的证据，考虑到该物种的高现场保真度，这一点值得注意。在这里，我们提出了改进的方法来处理RPAS图像，并从改进的图像，在这一时期的gentoo育种行为的最新解释。这次重新分析显示，在旅游热点成功筑巢的企鹅比最初报道的要少，相反，岸上没有筑巢的企鹅数量很高。这可能表明亚成虫或非繁殖成虫的存在增加，个体在Covid-19人类暂停期间迁移到新的地点而没有成功筑巢，或者由于降雪增加而延迟筑巢。总体而言，在人类活动期间，大种群的巢穴数量有所下降。这一重新分析揭示了企鹅在这一不寻常的旅游暂停期间的出勤和活动情况，并表明任何涉及轮流关闭的旅游影响研究都需要延长几个季节，以充分体现时间滞后的反应。虽然Flynn等人（2023）的核心发现——旅游业的停止与巴布亚企鹅繁殖模式的意外转变相吻合——仍然正确，但我们的重新分析提供了一个更细致入微的视角来观察人类暂停冠状病毒的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing and mapping taxon-specific effects of ecological light pollution for environmental impact analysis 生态光污染对环境影响分析的分类效应评价与制图

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2026.111708

Travis Longcore , Brittany Lynch , Kaitlyn Phelan , Debbie Melton , Dane Sanders , Michael Herf

Predicting the adverse effects of light at night is necessary to ensure compliance with laws and regulations that protect species. Using two case studies, we developed a method to map the impacts of roadway lighting on two endangered species using software widely available and used in lighting engineering and conservation planning. We calculated vertical and horizontal illuminance at each site and converted the values based on the spectral sensitivity of the species and the spectral composition of the lamps. We mapped illumination in equivalent moonlight illuminance (lux), meaning the illumination is as bright as the same amount of moonlight would appear to the organism, once the spectral sensitivity of the organism is considered, proposing a threshold for adverse impacts at 0.01 and 0.1 moonlight equivalent illuminance. Finally, we compared as-built lamps to lamps with other spectral compositions and calculated illumination that would result from use of commercially available shields. Although this workflow was feasible, improvements in software and characterization of species spectral responses is needed. Nevertheless, spectral tuning reduced the impact area for both species (8–19% and 21–25%). Shielding reduced the impact area for one case study by focusing light more closely on the roadways, but for the other site the available shields increased high-angle forward light emissions. The results demonstrate an approach to calculate the effects of new lights and to analyze benefits of spectral tuning, shielding, or reduction in light intensity that could be further refined through both basic ecological research and software development.

预测夜间光线的不利影响对于确保遵守保护物种的法律法规是必要的。通过两个案例研究，我们开发了一种方法，利用照明工程和保护规划中广泛使用的软件，绘制道路照明对两种濒危物种的影响。我们计算了每个地点的垂直和水平照度，并根据物种的光谱灵敏度和灯的光谱组成转换了这些值。我们绘制了等效月光照度（lux）的照度图，这意味着在考虑到生物体的光谱敏感性后，照度与相同数量的月光对生物体的影响一样明亮，并提出了0.01和0.1月光等效照度的不利影响阈值。最后，我们将成品灯与具有其他光谱成分的灯进行了比较，并计算了使用市售护罩所产生的照度。虽然这个工作流程是可行的，但还需要改进软件和物种光谱响应的表征。然而，光谱调整减少了两种物种的影响面积（8-19%和21-25%）。在一个案例研究中，屏蔽通过将光线更紧密地聚焦在道路上减少了影响区域，但在另一个地点，可用的屏蔽增加了高角度的前射光。研究结果展示了一种计算新光源效果的方法，并分析了光谱调谐、屏蔽或降低光强的好处，这种方法可以通过基础生态研究和软件开发进一步完善。

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引用次数: 0

Microclimatic moisture and the climate change resilience of lichen epiphytes – an applied model for temperate rainforest 附生地衣的小气候湿度和气候变化适应能力——一个温带雨林的应用模型

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111683

Christopher J. Ellis

The biodiversity response to climate change will, for many species, be determined by continued availability of suitable microclimatic space locally, and the ability to colonise into such refugia through dispersal. This study measured and modelled microclimatic vapour pressure deficit (VPD) for three contrasting woodland study sites, to purposefully extend microclimatic modelling to lichen epiphytes. Statistical downscaling indicated that VPD is explained by macroclimatic moisture input (precipitation) and temperature (saturated vapour pressure), with important and locally modifying effects of elevation, landscape topography, and canopy structure. Allowing for over-fitting controls, niche models for lichen epiphyte abundance were improved when including microclimatic VPD in addition to precipitation. A niche model for lichen indicators – species which determine the conservation status of UK lowland temperate rainforest – was projected at a 5 m grid-scale for a climate baseline, and three climate change scenarios (2040s, RCP 4.5; 2060s, RCP 6; 2080s, RCP 8.5), over five temperate rainforest National Nature Reserves (NNRs). Resilience of each NNR was estimated as the proportion of extant microhabitats that have an equivalent or improved microclimate (relative to the climate baseline) at incrementing spatial distances from 10 to 100 m. Despite microclimatic buffering, resilience of the NNRs was found to be limited under their current configuration. Resilience was higher for more northerly (cooler) sites, and for sites with a greater woodland extent. Resilience could be further enhanced by woodland expansion for topographically variable landscapes that have been historically deforested, with tree regeneration/planting targeted to situations that offer future microclimatic refugia.

对许多物种来说，生物多样性对气候变化的反应将取决于当地适宜的小气候空间的持续可用性，以及通过扩散在这些避难所定居的能力。本研究测量和模拟了三个不同林地研究点的小气候蒸汽压差（VPD），有目的地将小气候模拟扩展到地苔附生植物。统计降尺度表明，VPD是由宏观气候湿度输入（降水）和温度（饱和蒸汽压）解释的，海拔、景观地形和冠层结构对VPD具有重要的局地调节作用。考虑到过度拟合控制，当包括小气候VPD和降水时，地衣附生菌丰度的生态位模型得到了改进。在5个温带雨林国家级自然保护区（NNRs）上，以5米网格尺度对气候基线和3种气候变化情景（2040年代，RCP 4.5； 2060年代，RCP 6； 2080年代，RCP 8.5）进行了地衣指标生态位模型的预估。每个NNR的恢复力被估计为在10到100 m的空间距离上具有相同或改善的小气候（相对于气候基线）的现存微生境的比例。尽管有小气候缓冲作用，但研究发现，在目前的配置下，nnr的恢复能力有限。恢复力越靠北（越冷）的地点和林地面积越大的地点越高。对于历史上被砍伐过的地形多变的景观，可以通过林地扩张进一步增强恢复能力，同时针对未来提供小气候避难所的情况进行树木再生/种植。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the effectiveness of strictly protected areas in preventing forest loss and degradation across different forest types in the Caucasus 评估严格保护区在防止高加索不同森林类型的森林损失和退化方面的有效性

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111685

Johanna Buchner , Katarzyna Ewa Lewińska , Van Butsic , Zuzana Buřivalová , Arash Ghoddousi , Natalia Rogova , Afag Rizayeva , Eugenia V. Bragina , Volker C. Radeloff

Protected areas are a cornerstone of conservation, designed to preserve ecosystems such as forests. While their effectiveness to stem forest loss is well understood, preventing forest degradation is less clear, although selective logging can alter forest structure and affect biodiversity. It is also unclear how effectiveness varies among forest types. We assessed whether strictly protected areas established before the collapse of the Soviet Union were effective in preventing forest loss and degradation in coniferous, mixed, and deciduous forests across the Caucasus, a biodiversity hotspot. We used an available land-cover classification dataset from 1987 to 2015 to assess forest loss, and mapped degradation using spectral mixture analysis of Landsat imagery from 1988 to 2019 specifically for this study. To assess effectiveness, we applied propensity score matching and panel regressions. We found that protected areas in Armenia and Azerbaijan were effective in preventing forest loss but largely ineffective in preventing degradation. Protected areas in Georgia and Russia were ineffective in preventing forest loss and degradation. Among forest types, degradation was only lower in mixed forests in protected areas across the Caucasus. Our results suggest that (a) including forest degradation in assessments provides important insights into forest threats, and (b) the level of effectiveness varies among forest types. Rare forest types with economically valuable tree species may be disproportionately affected, and their threats can only be detected when looking beyond forest loss. Information on degraded forests can support both monitoring and future restoration, highlighting the need for various indictors when assessing protection outcomes.

保护区是自然保护的基石，旨在保护森林等生态系统。虽然它们在阻止森林损失方面的有效性得到了充分的了解，但防止森林退化却不太清楚，尽管选择性采伐可以改变森林结构并影响生物多样性。目前还不清楚不同森林类型的有效性如何不同。我们评估了苏联解体前建立的严格保护区是否能有效防止高加索地区针叶林、混交林和落叶林的森林损失和退化。高加索地区是生物多样性的热点地区。我们使用1987年至2015年的可用土地覆盖分类数据集来评估森林损失，并专门为本研究使用1988年至2019年Landsat图像的光谱混合分析来绘制退化图。为了评估有效性，我们应用了倾向评分匹配和面板回归。我们发现，亚美尼亚和阿塞拜疆的保护区在防止森林损失方面有效，但在防止退化方面基本无效。格鲁吉亚和俄罗斯的保护区在防止森林损失和退化方面是无效的。在森林类型中，只有整个高加索保护区的混交林的退化程度较低。我们的研究结果表明：(a)在评估中纳入森林退化提供了对森林威胁的重要见解；(b)不同森林类型的有效性水平不同。拥有具有经济价值树种的稀有森林类型可能受到不成比例的影响，它们的威胁只有在森林损失之外才能发现。关于退化森林的信息可以支持监测和未来的恢复，强调在评估保护成果时需要各种指标。

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引用次数: 0

Endemic bird species are far more threatened than previously thought across the semiarid Caatinga dry forest domain 在半干旱的Caatinga干旱森林地区，特有的鸟类物种受到的威胁远比以前想象的要大

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111690

Mônica da Costa Lima , Carlos A. Peres , Helder Farias P. Araujo

Biodiversity loss is a hallmark of human impacts on natural landscapes worldwide, particularly in dry tropical forest regions which have been historically neglected by ecological and conservation science, concealing the true history of local extinctions. Here, we (1) assess the magnitude and spatial extent of local extinctions of the endemic forest birds of the Caatinga dry forest domain of northeastern Brazil, one of the most biodiverse and densely populated semi-arid regions on Earth; and (2) explore the drivers of local extinctions of these species. We quantified differences between the contemporary and reconstructed historical distributions of these species using species distribution models to estimate the regional-scale spatial extent of local extinctions. We also assessed the importance of positive and negative environmental predictors of local extinctions using gradient boosting machine models, which are algorithms that combine multiple decision trees to improve predictive performance. Most of these species lost over 50 % of their historical range, which exacerbates regional scale extinction threat. Ten of the 13 endemic species considered are likely far more threatened than suggested in previous Red List assessments. Additionally, 88 % of the Caatinga domain has already recorded local extinctions of endemic forest birds. We show this is attributed to loss of aboveground phytomass, causing irreversible damage to dry forest habitats. Unexpectedly, local persistence of endemic forest birds was not positively affected by protected areas, likely because the historical regional-scale extinction filter predates their creation and establishment. Due to reduced ranges, these species have become more susceptible to global extinctions. Therefore, integrated conservation measures should be adopted, including natural resource management and forest restoration, to avert further historical losses of this unique biodiversity.

生物多样性丧失是人类对世界各地自然景观影响的一个标志，特别是在干旱的热带森林地区，这些地区历史上一直被生态和保护科学所忽视，掩盖了当地物种灭绝的真实历史。在此，我们(1)评估了巴西东北部Caatinga干旱森林域特有森林鸟类局部灭绝的程度和空间范围，这是地球上生物多样性最丰富、人口最密集的半干旱地区之一；(2)探索这些物种在当地灭绝的驱动因素。我们使用物种分布模型量化了这些物种的当代和重建历史分布之间的差异，以估计区域尺度的局部灭绝的空间范围。我们还使用梯度增强机器模型评估了当地灭绝的正面和负面环境预测因素的重要性，这些模型是结合多个决策树来提高预测性能的算法。这些物种大多失去了其历史范围的50%以上，这加剧了区域范围的灭绝威胁。在被考虑的13种特有物种中，有10种受到的威胁可能远比以前红色名录评估中所建议的严重。此外，88%的Caatinga地区已经记录了当地特有森林鸟类的灭绝。我们的研究表明，这是由于地上生物量的减少，对干燥的森林栖息地造成了不可逆转的损害。出乎意料的是，当地特有森林鸟类的持久性没有受到保护区的积极影响，可能是因为历史区域尺度的灭绝过滤器早于它们的创建和建立。由于分布范围的缩小，这些物种更容易受到全球灭绝的影响。因此，应采取综合保护措施，包括自然资源管理和森林恢复，以避免这种独特的生物多样性进一步的历史损失。

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引用次数: 0

Displacement effects on an endangered cinereous vulture population in a landscape of increasing wind power development 在风力发电日益发展的景观中，迁移对濒危灰秃鹫种群的影响

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2026.111728

Anastasios Bounas , Elzbieta Kret , Lavrentis Sidiropoulos , Sylvia Zakkak , Eleftherios Kapsalis , Volen Arkumarev , Dobromir Dobrev , Anton Stamenov , Stoycho Stoychev , Dimitris Vasilakis

Wind energy is widely considered to be an integral part in global efforts to mitigate climate change, but its rapid expansion is raising concerns regarding its impacts on biodiversity and specifically soaring birds which rely on the same high-wind landscapes targeted for turbine siting. Understanding how these developments alter space use, movement behaviour, and energy expenditure is critical for mitigating impacts on threatened populations. Here, we combined two decades of telemetry data to evaluate the responses of Cinereous vultures (Aegypius monachus) in a region undergoing substantial wind power plant development. Long-term analyses (2004–2022) revealed pronounced displacement, with population utilization reduced by 85–89% within 200 m of turbines. High-resolution GPS tracking (2016–2021) provided complementary behavioural insights, showing significant reductions in crossing rates, daily flight distances and time spent near turbines once they became operational. We also identified areas of increased vulture activity that overlap with planned wind farms under licensing, suggesting that such sites may represent critical corridors for population movement and should remain undeveloped. Our findings support considering cumulative displacement and potential energetic costs in environmental assessments alongside major existing threats, including poisoning and electrocution. We recommend spatial planning that avoids core movement areas to reconcile renewable energy expansion with the conservation of large soaring raptors.

风能被广泛认为是减缓气候变化的全球努力中不可或缺的一部分，但它的迅速扩张引起了人们对其对生物多样性的影响的担忧，特别是对那些依赖于涡轮机选址的高风力景观的翱翔鸟类的影响。了解这些发展如何改变空间使用、移动行为和能源消耗，对于减轻对受威胁种群的影响至关重要。在这里，我们结合了二十年的遥测数据来评估在一个正在进行大规模风力发电厂开发的地区，埃及秃鹫（Aegypius monachus）的反应。长期分析（2004-2022）显示了明显的位移，在涡轮机200米范围内，人口利用率降低了85-89%。高分辨率GPS跟踪（2016-2021年）提供了补充的行为洞察，显示在涡轮机投入运行后，穿越率、每日飞行距离和在涡轮机附近停留的时间显著减少。我们还确定了秃鹰活动增加的地区，这些地区与已获得许可的计划风电场重叠，这表明这些地点可能是人口流动的关键走廊，应该保持不开发。我们的研究结果支持在环境评估中考虑累积位移和潜在的能量成本，以及主要的现有威胁，包括中毒和触电。我们建议空间规划避免核心运动区域，以协调可再生能源的扩张与大型猛禽的保护。

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引用次数: 0

Victims of the cure: Determining the pollinator and necrophage biodiversity costs of Japanese beetle [Popillia japonica] traps 治愈的受害者：确定日本甲虫（Popillia japonica）陷阱的传粉者和尸噬体生物多样性成本

IF 4.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Biological Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111676

Simone Aubé , Simon Legault , Josée Doyon , Jacques Brodeur

Trapping of the Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), a highly invasive beetle, is a widely used monitoring and pest control strategy in North America. However, these traps frequently capture nontarget beneficial insects such as pollinators and necrophages, raising conservation concerns. In this study, we quantified the abundance and diversity of bees (Apidae: Apis mellifera, Bombus spp.) and carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) inadvertently collected in baited traps across 20 farms along an agricultural intensification gradient in southern Québec, Canada. Using 360 trap samples collected between June and September 2024, we analyzed how bycatch varied with seasonality, Japanese beetle abundance, landscape composition, and weather conditions. We found that pollinator bycatch was higher early in the season and in farms with either highly intensive crops or mostly natural land covers and was positively influenced by high temperature and low humidity. In contrast, necrophage bycatch peaked in late August, and was abundant under cooler, rainy conditions, and mid-level agricultural intensification. Japanese beetle abundance intensified the seasonal effects on both functional groups, likely due to the release of cadaveric volatile compounds. Results suggest that baited Japanese beetle traps pose a limited but non-negligible threat to beneficial insect biodiversity. Our comprehensive bycatch assessment is used to suggest mitigation approaches to minimize unintended captures and promote conservation efforts.

日本甲虫（Popillia japonica Newman，鞘翅目：金龟子科）是一种高度入侵的甲虫，诱捕是北美地区广泛采用的一种监测和害虫防治策略。然而，这些陷阱经常捕获非目标的有益昆虫，如传粉昆虫和尸噬细胞，引起了保护问题。在这项研究中，我们量化了在加拿大魁省南部沿农业集约化梯度的20个农场无意中收集的蜜蜂（蜜蜂科：蜜蜂，Bombus spp.）和腐肉甲虫（鞘翅目：Staphylinidae）的丰度和多样性。利用2024年6月至9月收集的360个捕集器样本，分析了副渔获物随季节、日本甲虫丰度、景观组成和天气条件的变化。研究发现，在作物集约化程度高或土地覆盖多的农场，传粉媒介副渔获量在季节早期较高，且受高温低湿的积极影响。相反，尸噬细胞副渔获量在8月下旬达到高峰，在较凉爽、多雨的条件下和中等农业集约化水平下是丰富的。日本甲虫的丰度增强了这两个功能群的季节性影响，可能是由于尸体挥发性化合物的释放。结果表明，日本甲虫诱捕器对有益昆虫的生物多样性构成了有限但不可忽视的威胁。我们的综合副渔获物评估用于建议缓解方法，以尽量减少意外捕捞和促进保护工作。

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引用次数: 0