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The Need for a Black Planetarity 对黑色行星的需求
IF 0.4 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.5325/complitstudies.60.2.0244
Richard Purcell
abstract:"The Need for a Black Planetarity" connects Gayatri Spivak's revitalization of the project of comparative literature in Death of a Discipline to her analysis of virtual capitalism and urbanity across a range of her works, including "Megacity" and Harlem. This constellation of works, the author argues, illuminates untrodden thematic connections within Spivak's writing that reveal the importance of her figuration of "planetarity" in Death of a Discipline to our own contemporary struggles within and beyond the academy that draws us further away from the reading and teaching of the "textual" as a place of alterity.
摘要:《对黑人天文馆的需要》将加亚特里·斯皮瓦克在《学科之死》中对比较文学项目的振兴与她在一系列作品中对虚拟资本主义和城市化的分析联系起来,包括《大城市》和《哈莱姆》。作者认为,这一系列作品阐明了斯皮瓦克作品中未被发现的主题联系,揭示了她在《学科之死》中对“天文主义”的塑造对我们当代在学院内外的斗争的重要性,这使我们进一步远离了将“文本”作为一个交替之地的阅读和教学。
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引用次数: 0
Other Knows Best 其他人最了解
IF 0.4 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.5325/complitstudies.60.2.0234
B. Baer
abstract:This article reflects on Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak's Death of a Discipline (2003) twenty years after its first publication. The discipline of Comparative Literature was not reborn in line with Spivak's elegiac imperatives. Yet Death of a Discipline's argument—that literary reading may affirm a certain vagueness and non-knowledge in the outlines of alterity—remains a compelling resource in a world of STEM, calculable probability, and the power of averages. In excess of its topical institutional intervention, Death of a Discipline indicates a range of enveloping generalities that both contain and make room for the future development of new practices in the Humanities. These point beyond the politics of identity and the power of an ideological average, suggesting work to come.
文摘:本文对斯皮瓦克的《一门学科之死》(2003)发表二十年后的反思。比较文学的学科并没有按照斯皮瓦克的挽歌要求而重生。然而,“学科之死”的论点——文学阅读可能会在交替的轮廓中肯定某种模糊性和非知识性——在STEM、可计算概率和平均数的力量的世界中仍然是一个令人信服的资源。除了主题性的制度干预之外,《学科之死》还指出了一系列包罗万象的概括,这些概括既包含了人文学科新实践的未来发展,也为其腾出了空间。这些观点超越了身份政治和意识形态平均水平的力量,暗示着未来的工作。
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引用次数: 0
Fellow Travelers: How Road Stories Shaped the Idea of the Americas 旅行家:公路故事如何塑造美洲的理念
IF 0.4 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.5325/complitstudies.60.2.0418
Antonio Barrenechea
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引用次数: 0
Singular Unverifiability 奇异不可验证性
IF 0.4 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.5325/complitstudies.60.2.0253
G. Walker
abstract:Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak's Death of a Discipline powerfully linked the social-institutional conditions of literary reflection to the category of the geopolitical, in the hopes of a renewal of Comparative Literature, whose earlier aims at their best had been to shelter the international possibility of humanistic thought beyond the border. Yet, this discipline has often remained trapped by the only partial universality of its function, substituting for the world a microcosm of convivial European multilingualism and ambition of scope. Twenty years after its publication, Death of a Discipline notably upheld a space for the "singular unverifiability" that marks Comparative Literature at its best – not only the singularity of the written line, and the unverifiability of the reading of the literary text, but also the singular and the unverifiable as warnings against the positivist culturalism of the older area studies. In this sense, it must be taken as a profoundly affirmative text that still offers a vision of a genuine intellectual-institutional alternative: to open the theoretical humanities to the remote and fragile thinking of a genuine encounter with planetarity.
加亚特里·查克拉沃蒂·斯皮瓦克的《一门学科之死》将文学反思的社会制度条件与地缘政治范畴强有力地联系在一起,以期复兴比较文学,其早期的最大目标是庇护超越国界的人文主义思想的国际可能性。然而,这门学科经常被其功能的部分普遍性所束缚,取而代之的是一个充满欢乐的欧洲多语言和雄心勃勃的世界缩影。出版二十年后,《一门学科之死》尤其坚持了一个“单一的不可验证性”的空间,这标志着比较文学的最佳状态——不仅是书面文字的奇异性,文学文本阅读的不可验证性,而且是对旧地区研究的实证文化主义的警告。从这个意义上说,它必须被视为一个深刻的肯定文本,它仍然提供了一个真正的知识机构替代方案的愿景:向与行星真正相遇的遥远而脆弱的思想开放理论人文学科。
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引用次数: 0
To My Questioners: Alphabetically Listed by Last Name 致提问者:按姓氏字母排列
IF 0.4 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.5325/complitstudies.60.2.0204
G. Spivak, E. Apter, Pheng Cheah, B. Edwards, David Golumbia
Editor’s note: This written interview with Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak was conducted by Emily Apter, Pheng Cheah, Brent Hayes Edwards, and David Golumbia in December 2022 and January 2023. Spivak’s answers to Apter’s questions appear first, followed by Spivak’s responses to questions from Cheah, Edwards, and Golumbia. Apter suggested the first set of italicized topic headings. To provide consistency, I added topic headings to the sections of the interview that follow. —Nergis Ertürk
编者按:这篇对Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak的书面采访是由Emily Apter、Pheng Cheah、Brent Hayes Edwards和David Golumbia在2022年12月和2023年1月进行的。首先是斯皮瓦克对阿普特问题的回答,然后是斯皮瓦克对谢赫、爱德华兹和戈伦比亚问题的回答。Apter建议采用第一组斜体标题。为了保持一致性,我在接下来的采访部分增加了主题标题。-Nergis Erturk
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引用次数: 0
The Most Mexican of Us All: Yiddish Modernism and the Racial Politics of National Belonging 我们中最墨西哥的人:意第绪现代主义与民族归属的种族政治
IF 0.4 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.5325/complitstudies.60.2.0282
R. Grossman
abstract:This article investigates how Yiddish writing in Mexico illuminates the ambiguous position of Jews both within their local context and as part of a global network of Yiddish modernist writers. Through an analysis of the poetry of two Jewish immigrants to Mexico, Yitzjok (Isaac) Berliner (1899–1957) and Jacobo Glantz (1902–1982), this article argues that these immigrant poets adopted local themes and styles characteristic of Mexican modernism as a way to rhetorically write Jews into the nation. Although Mexican modernist literature and art was most typically expressed in Spanish, these poets took on local forms but preserved Jewish difference by writing in Yiddish. At the same time, Berliner and Glantz also engaged with a global, diasporic network of Yiddish modernism centered in New York and Warsaw. Focusing on the so-called "Mexican" subject matter enabled these poets to participate in a larger conversation about expanding the boundaries of Yiddish literature, proposing the literature's worldliness by speaking beyond an explicitly Jewish experience. The works of these immigrant writers, therefore, demonstrate the emergence of a Third Space at the intersection not only of the immigrant and the nation, but also between the periphery and the centers of a transnational Yiddish network.
摘要:本文探讨了墨西哥的意第绪语写作如何阐明犹太人在当地背景下以及作为全球意第绪现代主义作家网络的一部分的模糊地位。本文通过对两位移民到墨西哥的犹太诗人伊茨乔克(Isaac)Berliner(1899-1957)和雅各布·格兰茨(1902-1982)的诗歌的分析,认为这些移民诗人采用了墨西哥现代主义特有的地方主题和风格,以修辞的方式将犹太人写进了这个国家。尽管墨西哥现代主义文学和艺术最典型地用西班牙语表达,但这些诗人采用了当地的形式,但通过用意第绪语写作,保留了犹太人的差异。与此同时,柏林人和格兰茨还参与了以纽约和华沙为中心的意第绪现代主义的全球散居网络。关注所谓的“墨西哥”主题使这些诗人能够参与到一场关于扩大意第绪语文学边界的更大对话中,通过超越明确的犹太经历来提出文学的世俗性。因此,这些移民作家的作品展示了第三空间的出现,不仅在移民和国家的交叉点,而且在跨国意第绪语网络的边缘和中心之间。
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引用次数: 0
Toward Weaving/Reading Hemispheric Land And Literature 编织/阅读半球土地和文学
IF 0.4 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.5325/complitstudies.60.2.0374
Laurel Sturgis O’Coyne
abstract:To what extent can the phenomena of métissage and mestizaje be read as intersecting threads of a multilingual, hemispheric American story? And what do their divergences and convergences contribute to a discourse of comparison? This paper argues that métissage and mestizaje relate nonequivalent theories of wovenness in their local contexts and in relation to transnational decolonial praxes. This paper reads a resignification of mestizaje in Gloria Anzaldúa's Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza (1987) that both embraces hybridity and reinstates a linear, teleological—and settler colonial—theory of materialities. By contrast, the narration in Gisèle Pineau's memorial novel L'Exil selon Julia (1996) invokes métissage as a body-place wovenness through her grandmother Julia's Antillean Creole orality, locating a kincentric ecological literacy in her relations with her beloved jardin créole. This paper then weaves these two readings together with Leslie Marmon Silko's novel Ceremony (1977)—which, although activated neither by métissage nor mestizaje, narrates a common theory of woven matter-energy relationality in the Pueblo language and cosmology that structure Silko's English language text. Weaving/reading hemispheric land and literature proposes a critical turning toward place-based literariness, engages multispecies kinship ontologies, and ultimately orients comparison toward kinetic theories of wovenness and with a responsibility to narrative and material story-weavings of the hemisphere.
摘要:在多大程度上,梅蒂萨奇和梅斯蒂扎耶现象可以被解读为一个多语言、半球美国故事的交叉线索?他们的分歧和趋同对比较话语有什么贡献?本文认为,métissage和mestizaje在各自的地方背景下,以及与跨国非殖民化实践有关的非等价的编织理论。本文阅读了Gloria Anzaldúa的《Borderlands/La Frontera:新梅斯蒂扎》(1987)中梅斯蒂扎的辞呈,该书既包含了混杂性,又恢复了线性的、目的论的——以及定居者殖民主义的——物质理论。相比之下,吉斯·皮诺(Gisèle Pineau)的纪念小说《流放的朱莉娅》(L’Exil selon Julia,1996)中的叙述通过她祖母朱莉娅(Julia)的安的列斯克里奥尔语(Antillian Creole orality),将组织作为一种身体场所的编织,在她与她深爱的雅丁克里奥尔语的关系中定位了一种以亲属为中心的生态素养。然后,本文将这两种解读与莱斯利·马尔蒙·西尔科的小说《仪式》(1977)结合在一起——尽管这部小说既没有被梅蒂萨奇也没有被梅斯蒂扎耶激活,但它讲述了普韦布洛语和宇宙学中编织物能关系的共同理论,该理论构成了西尔科的英语文本。编织/阅读半球的土地和文学提出了一个向基于地点的文学性的批判性转变,涉及多物种亲缘本体论,并最终将比较导向编织的动力学理论,并负责半球的叙事和物质故事编织。
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引用次数: 0
Death of a Discipline and the Task of Worlding 一门学科的死亡与世界的任务
IF 0.4 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.5325/complitstudies.60.2.0274
Anirban Bhattacharjee
abstract:The article attempts to examine and understand how Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak's Death of a Discipline tackles with the task of worlding in its vision of a new geo-politics, signalling a future anterior and imagining a planetary comparative criticism. It underscores that a productive undoing of the aesthetic can possibilize a reflexive rearrangement of desires in a regime of capitalist globalization. It spotlights how the ethics and politics of translation in Spivak might resonate with her imperatives for the "necessary impossibility" of imagining the subject as planetary. Travelling with the text, as one moves onto the margins, calls for a reconfiguration of the pedagogical relations in the classroom of instructor and student, in terms of learning, expertise, authority and otherness fundamentally rearranged, creating the conditions of possibility for developing democratic reflexes and "learning to learn from below." This insinuates the question and necessity of a supplemental pedagogy and, correspondingly, a training of the imagination for "literary reading" producing a flexible epistemology that can, perhaps, undo the crisis and sustain the will to social justice. Reclaiming the role of teaching literature, attending to the from-below interruption of the discipline, it asks and inquires, if the notion of the "literary" and the "figure" of the "planet" come up with a radical openness to the inappropriable other, quietly working as an unerasable principle of transformability inherent to the world.
本文试图考察和理解加亚特里·查克拉沃蒂·斯皮瓦克的《一门学科的死亡》如何在其新地缘政治的视野中处理世界的任务,预示着未来的前沿和想象的行星比较批评。它强调,在资本主义全球化的制度下,审美的生产性撤销可以使欲望的反思性重新安排成为可能。它突出了斯皮瓦克翻译的伦理和政治如何与她将主题想象为行星的“必要的不可能性”的必要性产生共鸣。与文本一起旅行,当一个人移动到边缘时,要求重新配置教师和学生在课堂上的教学关系,从根本上重新安排学习,专业知识,权威和他者,为发展民主反射和“学会从下面学习”创造可能性的条件。这暗示了补充教学法的问题和必要性,相应地,对“文学阅读”的想象力进行训练,从而产生一种灵活的认识论,这种认识论也许可以消除危机并维持社会正义的意志。它重新确立了文学教学的角色,关注这门学科自下而上的中断,它询问和探究,“文学”的概念和“星球”的“形象”是否对不可占有的他者提出了一种激进的开放态度,悄悄地作为世界固有的不可磨灭的可转化性原则。
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引用次数: 1
Spivak's Death of a Discipline: An Anthropologist Tries to Respond 斯皮瓦克的《学科之死:一位人类学家的回应》
IF 0.4 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.5325/complitstudies.60.2.0263
Rosalind C. Morris
abstract:This article explores Spivak's long-standing engagement with anthropology, and reads Death of a Discipline as the third volume of a trilogy encompassing A Critique of Postcolonial Reason and Imperatives to Reimagine the Planet. In treating DoD as the third and "pragmatic" supplement to the first two texts, it explores the ways in which Spivak's thought engages the problems bequeathed by Immanuel Kant's own critical trilogy: the native informant, the regulatory ideal and cosmopolitical ethics, and the need to supplement the concept of "world" (or "globality") with a non-substantive intuition of the transcendental in the form of the earth and/or the planetary.
摘要:本文探讨了斯皮瓦克与人类学的长期合作,并将《学科之死》作为三部曲的第三卷,其中包括《后殖民理性批判》和《重塑地球的命令》。在将国防部视为前两个文本的第三个“务实”补充的过程中,它探索了斯皮瓦克的思想如何处理伊曼纽尔·康德自己的批判三部曲遗留下来的问题:本土信息者、监管理想和宇宙政治伦理,以及需要用地球和/或行星形式的先验的非实质性直觉来补充“世界”(或“全球性”)的概念。
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引用次数: 1
Introduction: Death of a Discipline and the Imperatives of Comparatism 引言:一门学科的死亡与比较主义的必要性
IF 0.4 3区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.5325/complitstudies.60.2.0195
Nergis Ertürk
abstract:Introducing the forum on the twentieth anniversary of the publication of Gayatri Spivak's Death of a Discipline, this essay addresses the implications of Spivak's book for the historical present.
文摘:在介绍加亚特里·斯皮瓦克《一门学科之死》出版二十周年论坛时,本文探讨了斯皮瓦克这本书对当代历史的启示。
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引用次数: 0
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