Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100455
Stefanie Christmann
Scientists measure how humans’ footprints deteriorate the global environment and our life, but neither monitoring nor technical solutions bend the curves. Homo sapiens is the dominating species of the Anthropocene. Should we re-focus research and explore potential transformation of the command centers of overexploitation: people's minds? The most important challenge for research in the Anthropocene is transformation of humans and their political and economic entities to respect the planet’s boundaries. Non-adapted research can mislead policies. On the example of two crucial risks, pollinator loss and climate change, the manuscript compares state-of-the-art research and what is needed. The examples show the necessary scope and depth of transformation. How to give more room for divergent intelligence, creativity and criticality in scientific and educational environments? The research sector must decide to either transform humans’ minds towards planetary responsible political performance or accept that AIscene might follow the Anthropocene and adapt humans to earth.
{"title":"Adapt research to the Anthropocene","authors":"Stefanie Christmann","doi":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scientists measure how humans’ footprints deteriorate the global environment and our life, but neither monitoring nor technical solutions bend the curves. <em>Homo sapiens</em> is the dominating species of the Anthropocene. Should we re-focus research and explore potential transformation of the command centers of overexploitation: people's minds? The most important challenge for research in the Anthropocene is transformation of humans and their political and economic entities to respect the planet’s boundaries. Non-adapted research can mislead policies. On the example of two crucial risks, pollinator loss and climate change, the manuscript compares state-of-the-art research and what is needed. The examples show the necessary scope and depth of transformation. How to give more room for divergent intelligence, creativity and criticality in scientific and educational environments? The research sector must decide to either transform humans’ minds towards planetary responsible political performance or accept that AIscene might follow the Anthropocene and adapt humans to earth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56021,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100455"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100454
Abhik Chakraborty
The recent decision by the International Commission on Stratigraphy to reject the Anthropocene as an Epoch has reignited the debate on its definition. Some scholars have argued for interpreting the Anthropocene as an Event with no specific point of onset, but this argument has its shortcomings, including the fact that the term event has multiple connotations. This Viewpoint adds important insight to the ongoing debate by positing that (i) deliberations on the Anthropocene’s definition should not be confined to geological and historical viewpoints and must include ecological insights, and (ii) there is widespread evidence of anthropogenic reconfiguration of the planetary biosphere which translates to an accelerating sixth mass extinction as well as a conspicuous rise in the Human Appropriation of Net Primary Productivity (HANPP) at an unprecedented rate during the past few decades. When considered together with rapid anthropogenic climate change, these trends mark a major departure from previous trends on the geologic timescale, and they clearly show that the planetary biosphere has recently undergone a sudden and abrupt shift into a novel state, which cannot be adequately described by a temporally diffuse, gradual event; and must be conceptualized as a rupture—a geologically sudden major departure from prevalent trends; which in turn justifies the conceptualization of the Anthropocene as a separate chronostratigraphic unit. Understanding the catastrophic nature of the recent anthropogenic impact on the planetary biosphere is crucial for interpreting the Anthropocene and geologists must be cautious not to dilute its magnitude.
{"title":"Rethinking the Anthropocene: Not a time-transgressive event but a sudden rupture on the geologic time scale","authors":"Abhik Chakraborty","doi":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recent decision by the International Commission on Stratigraphy to reject the Anthropocene as an Epoch has reignited the debate on its definition. Some scholars have argued for interpreting the Anthropocene as an Event with no specific point of onset, but this argument has its shortcomings, including the fact that the term event has multiple connotations. This Viewpoint adds important insight to the ongoing debate by positing that (i) deliberations on the Anthropocene’s definition should not be confined to geological and historical viewpoints and must include ecological insights, and (ii) there is widespread evidence of anthropogenic reconfiguration of the planetary biosphere which translates to an accelerating sixth mass extinction as well as a conspicuous rise in the Human Appropriation of Net Primary Productivity (HANPP) at an unprecedented rate during the past few decades. When considered together with rapid anthropogenic climate change, these trends mark a major departure from previous trends on the geologic timescale, and they clearly show that the planetary biosphere has recently undergone a sudden and abrupt shift into a novel state, which cannot be adequately described by a temporally diffuse, gradual event; and must be conceptualized as a <em>rupture</em>—a geologically sudden major departure from prevalent trends; which in turn justifies the conceptualization of the Anthropocene as a separate chronostratigraphic unit. Understanding the catastrophic nature of the recent anthropogenic impact on the planetary biosphere is crucial for interpreting the Anthropocene and geologists must be cautious not to dilute its magnitude.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56021,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100454"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100453
Luigi Bruno , Matteo Meli , Maria Luisa Garberi
Historical maps with high degree of accuracy permit quantitative reconstructions of past land use and land cover (LULC), crucial to assess the impact of human activities on landscape evolution. After georeferencing in a modern reference system, the Carta del Ferrarese commissioned by Napoleon Bonaparte and completed in 1814, has been used to quantify the changes in LULC, occurred in the last two centuries in the Po delta plain. The map depicts a palaeo-landscape dominated by wetlands (49 % of the study area) and agricultural areas (41 %), whereas forests appear already largely depleted (5 %). The Piantata Padana, a traditional agroforestry system with live trees used to support grapevines, is dominant (62 % of the agricultural areas). The comparison with the 2014 LULC map highlights a dramatic reduction (85 %) of wetland areas and the replacement of the Piantata Padana with bare arable lands, with the consequent removal of 4–40 million trees. Soils of areas formerly occupied by wetlands show high organic-carbon content, highlighting the potential of humid areas in carbon sequestration. Land reclaiming, prompted by the introduction of steam pumps, favoured the economic development of the area, but concurred to CO2 emissions through the oxidation of soil organic substances, energy consumption from pumping stations, and the extensive use of hydrocarbon fuels in agriculture. Although urbanisation is limited in the Po delta plain, this area appears nowadays largely shaped by human activities, with the dominance of lands devoted to agriculture, dissected by a dense network of draining channels. The landscape changes recorded in the last two centuries in the Po coastal plain have been uniquely driven by human activities, like in several coastal plains worldwide.
{"title":"Human-induced landscape modification in the in the last two centuries in the Po delta plain (Northern Italy)","authors":"Luigi Bruno , Matteo Meli , Maria Luisa Garberi","doi":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Historical maps with high degree of accuracy permit quantitative reconstructions of past land use and land cover (LULC), crucial to assess the impact of human activities on landscape evolution. After georeferencing in a modern reference system, the <em>Carta del Ferrarese</em> commissioned by Napoleon Bonaparte and completed in 1814, has been used to quantify the changes in LULC, occurred in the last two centuries in the Po delta plain. The map depicts a palaeo-landscape dominated by wetlands (49 % of the study area) and agricultural areas (41 %), whereas forests appear already largely depleted (5 %). The <em>Piantata Padana</em>, a traditional agroforestry system with live trees used to support grapevines, is dominant (62 % of the agricultural areas). The comparison with the 2014 LULC map highlights a dramatic reduction (85 %) of wetland areas and the replacement of the <em>Piantata Padana</em> with bare arable lands, with the consequent removal of 4–40 million trees. Soils of areas formerly occupied by wetlands show high organic-carbon content, highlighting the potential of humid areas in carbon sequestration. Land reclaiming, prompted by the introduction of steam pumps, favoured the economic development of the area, but concurred to CO<sub>2</sub> emissions through the oxidation of soil organic substances, energy consumption from pumping stations, and the extensive use of hydrocarbon fuels in agriculture. Although urbanisation is limited in the Po delta plain, this area appears nowadays largely shaped by human activities, with the dominance of lands devoted to agriculture, dissected by a dense network of draining channels. The landscape changes recorded in the last two centuries in the Po coastal plain have been uniquely driven by human activities, like in several coastal plains worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56021,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100453"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100452
Paul W. Volante , James M. Kaste , Troy Clift , Matthew N. Waters
Throughout the 20th century, Florida was one of the fastest growing states in the US, putting unique environmental stress on the region. Accurately dated lake sediments can provide invaluable records of environmental change that extend beyond monitoring records. Here, we analyze profiles of americium-241 (241Am), cesium-137 (137Cs), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and uranium-series radionuclides in Lake Bonny in Lakeland, Florida. The 241Am peak is sharp in the sediment profile, while the 137Cs peak is broader and spread evenly across two layers. The measured 137Cs inventory of ∼413 Bq/m2 is less than half of the expected inventory from atmospheric deposition (accounting for decay since deposition), indicating significant losses. The reliability of 137Cs as a chronological tool can be complicated in environments with low quantities of 2:1 clays and low available potassium (K), characteristic of Florida and the U.S. southeast. Using a piecewise constant rate of supply 210Pb model verified by 241Am, we reconstruct sedimentation and chemical change in this lake. Highest sedimentation rates in the lake occur during decades of peak population growth in the mid-20th century. Uranium (U) and radium-226 (226Ra) inputs to the lake reach a maximum in the 1960s, consistent with expansion of local phosphate mines and elevated groundwater pumping during that time in response to drought conditions. Total Pb in the sedimentary record captures the rise and fall of the use of leaded gasoline, but Zn inputs to the lake remain nearly two orders of magnitude above background levels in the last decade. Our high-resolution chronology of the lake reveals regional impacts on water and lake quality in central Florida during a period of rapid population growth.
{"title":"The environmental consequences of rapid urbanization in central Florida reconstructed with high resolution 241Am and 210Pb dating in lake sediments","authors":"Paul W. Volante , James M. Kaste , Troy Clift , Matthew N. Waters","doi":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Throughout the 20th century, Florida was one of the fastest growing states in the US, putting unique environmental stress on the region. Accurately dated lake sediments can provide invaluable records of environmental change that extend beyond monitoring records. Here, we analyze profiles of americium-241 (<sup>241</sup>Am), cesium-137 (<sup>137</sup>Cs), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and uranium-series radionuclides in Lake Bonny in Lakeland, Florida. The <sup>241</sup>Am peak is sharp in the sediment profile, while the <sup>137</sup>Cs peak is broader and spread evenly across two layers. The measured <sup>137</sup>Cs inventory of ∼413 Bq/m<sup>2</sup> is less than half of the expected inventory from atmospheric deposition (accounting for decay since deposition), indicating significant losses. The reliability of <sup>137</sup>Cs as a chronological tool can be complicated in environments with low quantities of 2:1 clays and low available potassium (K), characteristic of Florida and the U.S. southeast. Using a piecewise constant rate of supply <sup>210</sup>Pb model verified by <sup>241</sup>Am, we reconstruct sedimentation and chemical change in this lake. Highest sedimentation rates in the lake occur during decades of peak population growth in the mid-20th century. Uranium (U) and radium-226 (<sup>226</sup>Ra) inputs to the lake reach a maximum in the 1960s, consistent with expansion of local phosphate mines and elevated groundwater pumping during that time in response to drought conditions. Total Pb in the sedimentary record captures the rise and fall of the use of leaded gasoline, but Zn inputs to the lake remain nearly two orders of magnitude above background levels in the last decade. Our high-resolution chronology of the lake reveals regional impacts on water and lake quality in central Florida during a period of rapid population growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56021,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100452"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100451
Duo Wu , Lili Pan , Weifeng Kong , Fahu Chen
The Anthropocene is described as the period since ∼1950 when human activities modified the boundary conditions of the Earth system and became the dominant driver of environmental changes. However, since the term ‘Anthropocene’ was proposed, there has been a debate regarding its start date, and several workers are even opposed to its formalization. A prerequisite for clarifying the debate on the start date of the Anthropocene is a historical perspective, which can help determine the form, degree, rate, and trajectory of human influences on the environment. Here, we focus on the Paleoanthropocene as recorded on the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. We propose that human activity has had a profound impact on the natural environment of the region during the Holocene owing to the combined impacts of alpine pastoralism, land-cover change caused by deforestation, heavy metal pollution of lakes, agricultural soil erosion, and lake eutrophication caused by industry and agriculture. It is apparent that the terms ‘Anthropocene’ and ‘Anthropocene Science’ have far-reaching meanings, offering great opportunities for interdisciplinary integration and encouraging us to think more deeply about the sustainable development of human society, despite the fact that the impacts of humans and their environmental footprint in geological archives may be transient.
{"title":"Anthropocene on the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau: A Holocene perspective from multiple sedimentary records","authors":"Duo Wu , Lili Pan , Weifeng Kong , Fahu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Anthropocene is described as the period since ∼1950 when human activities modified the boundary conditions of the Earth system and became the dominant driver of environmental changes. However, since the term ‘Anthropocene’ was proposed, there has been a debate regarding its start date, and several workers are even opposed to its formalization. A prerequisite for clarifying the debate on the start date of the Anthropocene is a historical perspective, which can help determine the form, degree, rate, and trajectory of human influences on the environment. Here, we focus on the Paleoanthropocene as recorded on the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. We propose that human activity has had a profound impact on the natural environment of the region during the Holocene owing to the combined impacts of alpine pastoralism, land-cover change caused by deforestation, heavy metal pollution of lakes, agricultural soil erosion, and lake eutrophication caused by industry and agriculture. It is apparent that the terms ‘Anthropocene’ and ‘Anthropocene Science’ have far-reaching meanings, offering great opportunities for interdisciplinary integration and encouraging us to think more deeply about the sustainable development of human society, despite the fact that the impacts of humans and their environmental footprint in geological archives may be transient.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56021,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100451"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-24DOI: 10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100450
Marina Ziliotto , José Artur Bogo Chies , Joel Henrique Ellwanger
Pollution is recognized as one of the main causes of biodiversity loss. Growing evidence also points to pollution as an important risk factor for the emergence or reemergence of infectious diseases that affect humans and other animals. However, the mechanisms and pathways that explain how pollution erodes biodiversity and favors infectious diseases are poorly explored. Using the Dirty Dozen (aldrin, chlordane, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane - DDT, dieldrin, dioxins, endrin, furans, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene, mirex, polychlorinated biphenyls - PCBs, and toxaphene) persistent organic pollutants (POPs) as a study model, in this article we demonstrate through toxicogenomic approaches that these POPs affect thousands of genes involved in the immune system and metabolic processes, among other biological pathways (n=19,086 genes from multiple organisms). One of the major findings indicate that POPs interact with hormone receptor genes prominently (i.e., Esr1, Nr1i2 and Ar genes). This finding highlights the activity of these pollutants as hormonal disruptors, with potentially deleterious consequences for the metabolism and reproduction of a wide range of species. These pollutants also have an important genotoxic activity, contributing to genomic instability and other related consequences. In summary, disturbances in the immune system can favor infection and the spread of pathogens, and changes in metabolism and genotoxic effects triggered by pollutants in multiple body systems can reduce fitness, harming the species’ survival in natural environments. The results of this exploratory toxicogenomic analysis represent a new piece in the puzzle that increasingly points to pollution as a major risk factor for both biodiversity loss and emerging infectious diseases.
污染被认为是生物多样性丧失的主要原因之一。越来越多的证据也表明，污染是影响人类和其他动物的传染病出现或再次出现的重要风险因素。然而，人们对污染如何侵蚀生物多样性和助长传染病发生的机制和途径还缺乏深入研究。以 Dirty Dozen（艾氏剂、氯丹、二氯二苯三氯乙烷--滴滴涕、狄氏剂、二恶英、异狄氏剂、呋喃、七氯、六氯苯、灭蚁灵、多氯联苯--多氯联苯和毒杀芬）持久性有机污染物（POPs）为研究模型、在这篇文章中，我们通过毒物基因组学方法证明，这些持久性有机污染物会影响涉及免疫系统和新陈代谢过程以及其他生物途径的数千个基因（来自多种生物的 19,086 个基因）。其中一项主要发现表明，持久性有机污染物与激素受体基因（即 Esr1、Nr1i2 和 Ar 基因）的相互作用十分显著。这一发现凸显了这些污染物作为荷尔蒙干扰物的活性，可能对多种生物的新陈代谢和繁殖产生有害影响。这些污染物还具有重要的基因毒性，导致基因组不稳定和其他相关后果。总之，免疫系统的紊乱会有利于感染和病原体的传播，而污染物在多个身体系统中引发的新陈代谢变化和基因毒性效应会降低适应能力，损害物种在自然环境中的生存。这项探索性毒物基因组分析的结果代表了一个新的谜题，即污染日益成为生物多样性丧失和新发传染病的一个主要风险因素。
{"title":"Toxicogenomics of persistent organic pollutants: Potential impacts on biodiversity and infectious diseases","authors":"Marina Ziliotto , José Artur Bogo Chies , Joel Henrique Ellwanger","doi":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100450","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pollution is recognized as one of the main causes of biodiversity loss. Growing evidence also points to pollution as an important risk factor for the emergence or reemergence of infectious diseases that affect humans and other animals. However, the mechanisms and pathways that explain how pollution erodes biodiversity and favors infectious diseases are poorly explored. Using the Dirty Dozen (aldrin, chlordane, dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane - DDT, dieldrin, dioxins, endrin, furans, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene, mirex, polychlorinated biphenyls - PCBs, and toxaphene) persistent organic pollutants (POPs) as a study model, in this article we demonstrate through toxicogenomic approaches that these POPs affect thousands of genes involved in the immune system and metabolic processes, among other biological pathways (<em>n</em>=19,086 genes from multiple organisms). One of the major findings indicate that POPs interact with hormone receptor genes prominently (i.e., <em>Esr1</em>, <em>Nr1i2</em> and <em>Ar</em> genes). This finding highlights the activity of these pollutants as hormonal disruptors, with potentially deleterious consequences for the metabolism and reproduction of a wide range of species. These pollutants also have an important genotoxic activity, contributing to genomic instability and other related consequences. In summary, disturbances in the immune system can favor infection and the spread of pathogens, and changes in metabolism and genotoxic effects triggered by pollutants in multiple body systems can reduce fitness, harming the species’ survival in natural environments. The results of this exploratory toxicogenomic analysis represent a new piece in the puzzle that increasingly points to pollution as a major risk factor for both biodiversity loss and emerging infectious diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56021,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100450"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current paper is a space-time analysis of agricultural land transitions in the Romanian Plain, which has been significantly impacted during the past century by the fundamental structural and functional transformations. Five maps, derived from historical cartographic materials and the recent CORINE Land Cover databases, were spatially analysed using a transition matrix procedure. The aim was to identify and measure the magnitude of the main land use/cover change flows related to agricultural lands. Furthermore, several underlying factors of the spatial and functional transformations have been discussed so as to understand the evolution of the historical agricultural lands over time. The results show that the most significant changes occurred between 1912 and 1970, when 38 % of the Romanian Plain’s surface underwent transformations, with notable regional differences. The analysis of the change flows in relation to the underlying factors was instrumental in explaining the land processes, an approach that can be used to understand future landscape transformations.
{"title":"Long-term changes of agricultural land over the last century in Romania. The showcase of Romanian plain","authors":"Elena-Ana Urşanu (Popovici) , Ines Grigorescu , Cristina Dumitrică , Gheorghe Kucsicsa , Bianca Mitrică , Irena Roznovietchi (Mocanu) , Monica Dumitraşcu , Cătălin Ciubuc","doi":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current paper is a space-time analysis of agricultural land transitions in the Romanian Plain, which has been significantly impacted during the past century by the fundamental structural and functional transformations. Five maps, derived from historical cartographic materials and the recent CORINE Land Cover databases, were spatially analysed using a transition matrix procedure. The aim was to identify and measure the magnitude of the main land use/cover change flows related to agricultural lands. Furthermore, several underlying factors of the spatial and functional transformations have been discussed so as to understand the evolution of the historical agricultural lands over time. The results show that the most significant changes occurred between 1912 and 1970, when 38 % of the Romanian Plain’s surface underwent transformations, with notable regional differences. The analysis of the change flows in relation to the underlying factors was instrumental in explaining the land processes, an approach that can be used to understand future landscape transformations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56021,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142243089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Our study contributes to the ongoing dialogue on the impact of climate and habitat changes on migratory bird species, particularly focusing on how these effects vary based on species’ habitat preferences. We used citizen science data for 22 African-Eurasian migratory bird species and categorized them into five groups based on habitat preferences, following the classification methodology of Atkinson et al. (2014). Using ensemble species distribution modeling (SDM), we projected changes in potentially suitable habitats across Africa from 2040 to 2100 under contrasting climate and land use scenarios. Our results indicate a differential impact of climate and land use changes on habitat suitability, with species preferring habitats with shrubs and trees being the most vulnerable. Conversely, other group species, such as open country-grassland and farmland birds could experience a significant increase in suitable habitat. We anticipate a profound change in habitat suitability, with the western part of South Africa becoming unsuitable for most species, while an increase in suitable habitat is expected in the Sahel. Bioclimatic rather than land use variables emerged as the primary drivers of these changes. The extent of change in habitat suitability will be strongly influenced by the Shared Socio-economic Pathways followed by human societies.
{"title":"Differential impact of climate and land use change on habitat suitability of migrant passerines according to habitat preferences","authors":"Theano Koufaki , Christos Barboutis , Konstantinos Theodorou","doi":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Our study contributes to the ongoing dialogue on the impact of climate and habitat changes on migratory bird species, particularly focusing on how these effects vary based on species’ habitat preferences. We used citizen science data for 22 African-Eurasian migratory bird species and categorized them into five groups based on habitat preferences, following the classification methodology of Atkinson et al. (2014). Using ensemble species distribution modeling (SDM), we projected changes in potentially suitable habitats across Africa from 2040 to 2100 under contrasting climate and land use scenarios. Our results indicate a differential impact of climate and land use changes on habitat suitability, with species preferring habitats with shrubs and trees being the most vulnerable. Conversely, other group species, such as open country-grassland and farmland birds could experience a significant increase in suitable habitat. We anticipate a profound change in habitat suitability, with the western part of South Africa becoming unsuitable for most species, while an increase in suitable habitat is expected in the Sahel. Bioclimatic rather than land use variables emerged as the primary drivers of these changes. The extent of change in habitat suitability will be strongly influenced by the Shared Socio-economic Pathways followed by human societies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56021,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100447"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142040971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-14DOI: 10.1016/j.ancene.2024.100446
T. Changeux , A. Dragotta , E. Franquet , N. Stolzenberg , J.F. Fruget , L. Marion , C. Souty-Grosset , O. Anneville , L. Cavalli , J.P. Faure , N. Corget , F. Josserand , D. Bănaru
The spread of invasive alien species is identified as one of the most important threats to freshwater ecosystems as they can modify their trophic structure, biomass and flows. The lower Saône River is one of the most biologically productive waterways in France. It has been in strong interaction with a wide range of human activities such as fisheries for at least three millennia. To implement an ecosystem based approach, an Ecopath static trophic model was used for the first time in this river to quantify the role of three invasive or expanding species over two contrasted periods (1988–1993 and 1994–2005). The parameters used in the model integrate on the one hand catch data from fishers (professional, amateur fishing gear users, and anglers), and on the other hand the available literature data on species biomass, diet and the expert assessments of scientists and managers. Species such as the filtering Asian clam Corbicula fluminea may explain the triggering of the ecosystem shift towards a functioning where summer phytoplankton blooms are rarer. In the high trophic levels, the great cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo appears to have low trophic impact while the development of a large population of European catfish Silurus glanis has a strong effect, maintaining important trophic flows in the ecosystem in substitution for the decrease in angling landings.
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