Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31548/zemleustriy2023.01.08
I. Kupriianchyk
The organizational and economic mechanism of ecologically safe land use is an effective tool for the interest of landowners and land users in compliance with the requirements of environmental standards. The use of such a mechanism contributes to the effective management of land resources at various levels. The article proposes an improved structure of the organizational and economic mechanism for the formation of ecologically safe agrarian land use. Given the specifics of land use, two more instrumental blocks of a cross-functional nature, namely: regulatory and land management, are allocated at the same level as the organizational and economic blocks. For each of the named instrumental blocks, specific tools are defined that allow to ensure the formation of ecologically safe land use. It has been established that any organizational and economic mechanism, in a broad sense, is a certain set of action tools and the necessary forms, methods and levers of their functioning, while simultaneously understanding the mechanism exclusively as a set of tools. Implementation of the developed organizational mechanism for the formation of ecologically safe agrarian land use is carried out by improving the structural scheme, the essence and toolkit of which is transformed depending on the tasks and functions of the main instrumental blocks. It is justified that all four instrumental blocks should be based on consideration of four dimensions: legal, spatial, ecological and social.
{"title":"Improvement of the organizational and economic mechanism for the formation of environmentally safe land use","authors":"I. Kupriianchyk","doi":"10.31548/zemleustriy2023.01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/zemleustriy2023.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"The organizational and economic mechanism of ecologically safe land use is an effective tool for the interest of landowners and land users in compliance with the requirements of environmental standards. The use of such a mechanism contributes to the effective management of land resources at various levels. The article proposes an improved structure of the organizational and economic mechanism for the formation of ecologically safe agrarian land use. Given the specifics of land use, two more instrumental blocks of a cross-functional nature, namely: regulatory and land management, are allocated at the same level as the organizational and economic blocks. For each of the named instrumental blocks, specific tools are defined that allow to ensure the formation of ecologically safe land use. It has been established that any organizational and economic mechanism, in a broad sense, is a certain set of action tools and the necessary forms, methods and levers of their functioning, while simultaneously understanding the mechanism exclusively as a set of tools. Implementation of the developed organizational mechanism for the formation of ecologically safe agrarian land use is carried out by improving the structural scheme, the essence and toolkit of which is transformed depending on the tasks and functions of the main instrumental blocks. It is justified that all four instrumental blocks should be based on consideration of four dimensions: legal, spatial, ecological and social.","PeriodicalId":56214,"journal":{"name":"Zemleustrij Kadastr i Monitoring Zemel''","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70003701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31548/zemleustriy2023.02.010
M. Bratinova
The need for adaptation and improvement of the existing legislation, especially land and agrarian and environmental policy of Ukraine with the legislative norms of the European Union (EU) is determined. The results of previous studies related to the problem of formation and implementation of measures of the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU (CAP) are summarized. It has been researched that at the beginning of the XXI century the priority task of CAP was to provide farmers with an acceptable standard of living, and consumers - quality food products at fair prices. The main goals of the new Common Agricultural Policy, which encompass social, environmental and economic aspects of land use, are considered. It is emphasized that the objectives represent updated or revised proposals submitted by EU member states following comments made by the European Commission on the original proposals in early 2022. Priorities such as: measures to reduce the impact on climate change, effective management of natural resources, conservation of landscapes and biodiversity, highlighted in key comments and proposals, are disclosed and analyzed in more detail. It is marked that not less important is the question of land registration in the EU, which also causes the necessity of land cadaster keeping adaptation in Ukraine.
{"title":"The new Common agricultural policy of the European Union as a target guideline of ukrainian land legislation transformation","authors":"M. Bratinova","doi":"10.31548/zemleustriy2023.02.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/zemleustriy2023.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"The need for adaptation and improvement of the existing legislation, especially land and agrarian and environmental policy of Ukraine with the legislative norms of the European Union (EU) is determined. The results of previous studies related to the problem of formation and implementation of measures of the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU (CAP) are summarized. It has been researched that at the beginning of the XXI century the priority task of CAP was to provide farmers with an acceptable standard of living, and consumers - quality food products at fair prices. The main goals of the new Common Agricultural Policy, which encompass social, environmental and economic aspects of land use, are considered. It is emphasized that the objectives represent updated or revised proposals submitted by EU member states following comments made by the European Commission on the original proposals in early 2022. Priorities such as: measures to reduce the impact on climate change, effective management of natural resources, conservation of landscapes and biodiversity, highlighted in key comments and proposals, are disclosed and analyzed in more detail. It is marked that not less important is the question of land registration in the EU, which also causes the necessity of land cadaster keeping adaptation in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":56214,"journal":{"name":"Zemleustrij Kadastr i Monitoring Zemel''","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70004202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31548/zemleustriy2023.03.04
V. Bogdanets, V. Nosenko, N. Mizerna, A. Nosylia
The topicality of the topic is due to significant changes in the state of the components of the environment, namely the soil cover, and the use of agricultural land under the influence of the consequences of military operations in 2022-2023. There is a need to assess the scale of changes in the environment, primarily the soil cover, as the most disturbed as a result of hostilities, under the influence of these factors, to determine their respective scales, spatial localization and ecological and legal consequences. The main negative factors that lead to damage to agricultural land include (according to Kondratenko A.F. 2022): 1. Driving through the territory of heavy equipment (tanks and other types of tracked equipment, which leads to soil compaction and degradation); 2. The use of anti-tank and anti-personnel mines, which leads to changes in landscapes, relief and soil degradation; 3. Shelling and bombing of the territory, which leads to the formation of craters (funnels) and mixing of soil horizons. Sinkholes in places where shells fall are not only a factor of landscape damage and destruction of vegetation, but also a factor of soil pollution: they leave in the soil a significant amount of metal, sulfur and sulfur compounds, heavy metals, ammonia, phosphorus, coal dust, sulfuric acid and sulfate compounds, formaldehydes, lead, mercury; 4. Construction of trenches and other protective shelters for military personnel and equipment (soil disturbance and degradation); 5. Fires in natural areas and agricultural fields. As a result, the fertile soil layer burns out, dehydration and "sterilization" occurs - both pathogenic microorganisms and useful biota die, nutrients are lost. In our opinion, this classification generally covers well the spectrum of factors affecting the soil cover of military operations. At the same time, this classification is incomplete and does not cover some common cases, for example, the creation of systems of defensive structures leads to the violation of soil horizons and changes in the structure of the soil, the spread of erosion (Makarenko N. A., et al., 2022). Also, since it was developed for the conditions of military operations in Donetsk region as of 2014-2017, it needs to be supplemented and clarified, for example, it is worth adding the concepts of ecocide and destruction of infrastructure. The use of indicators of soil condition, monitoring of the development of degradation processes based on operational data and the possibility of using geoportals, dashboards and other means of public access to open data plays a particularly important role in the context of the impact of the consequences of military actions on the soil cover, prospects for agricultural production and, in general, on the quality of life.
该主题之所以具有话题性，是因为在2022-2023年军事行动后果的影响下，环境组成部分(即土壤覆盖)和农业用地利用状况发生了重大变化。有必要评估在这些因素的影响下，受敌对行动影响最严重的环境变化的规模，主要是土壤覆盖，以确定其各自的规模、空间定位以及生态和法律后果。导致农业用地破坏的主要负面因素包括(根据Kondratenko A.F. 2022): 1。开车穿过重型设备(坦克和其他类型的履带式设备，导致土壤压实和退化)的领土;2. 使用反坦克和杀伤人员地雷，导致景观、地形和土壤退化的变化;3.对领土的炮击和轰炸，导致形成火山口(漏斗)和土壤层的混合。贝壳落点处的天坑不仅是景观破坏和植被破坏的一个因素，也是土壤污染的一个因素:它们在土壤中留下了大量的金属、硫和硫化合物、重金属、氨、磷、煤尘、硫酸和硫酸盐化合物、甲醛、铅、汞;4. 为军事人员和装备建造壕沟和其他防护掩体(土壤扰动和退化);5. 自然区域和农田的火灾。结果，肥沃的土层被烧毁，脱水和“灭菌”发生——致病微生物和有用的生物群都死亡，营养物质流失。我们认为，这种分类一般很好地涵盖了影响军事行动土壤覆盖的各种因素。同时，这种分类是不完整的，没有涵盖一些常见的情况，例如，防御结构系统的建立导致土壤层的破坏和土壤结构的变化，侵蚀的蔓延(Makarenko N. A.等，2022)。此外，由于它是根据2014-2017年在顿涅茨克地区的军事行动条件制定的，因此需要补充和澄清，例如，值得添加生态灭绝和破坏基础设施的概念。在军事行动的后果对土壤覆盖、农业生产前景以及总体上对生活质量的影响方面，使用土壤状况指标、根据业务数据监测退化过程的发展以及利用地理门户、仪表板和其他公众获取公开数据的手段的可能性发挥着特别重要的作用。
{"title":"The effect of military actions on the dynamics of the use of agricultural land and the state of the soil cover","authors":"V. Bogdanets, V. Nosenko, N. Mizerna, A. Nosylia","doi":"10.31548/zemleustriy2023.03.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/zemleustriy2023.03.04","url":null,"abstract":"The topicality of the topic is due to significant changes in the state of the components of the environment, namely the soil cover, and the use of agricultural land under the influence of the consequences of military operations in 2022-2023. There is a need to assess the scale of changes in the environment, primarily the soil cover, as the most disturbed as a result of hostilities, under the influence of these factors, to determine their respective scales, spatial localization and ecological and legal consequences. The main negative factors that lead to damage to agricultural land include (according to Kondratenko A.F. 2022): 1. Driving through the territory of heavy equipment (tanks and other types of tracked equipment, which leads to soil compaction and degradation); 2. The use of anti-tank and anti-personnel mines, which leads to changes in landscapes, relief and soil degradation; 3. Shelling and bombing of the territory, which leads to the formation of craters (funnels) and mixing of soil horizons. Sinkholes in places where shells fall are not only a factor of landscape damage and destruction of vegetation, but also a factor of soil pollution: they leave in the soil a significant amount of metal, sulfur and sulfur compounds, heavy metals, ammonia, phosphorus, coal dust, sulfuric acid and sulfate compounds, formaldehydes, lead, mercury; 4. Construction of trenches and other protective shelters for military personnel and equipment (soil disturbance and degradation); 5. Fires in natural areas and agricultural fields. As a result, the fertile soil layer burns out, dehydration and \"sterilization\" occurs - both pathogenic microorganisms and useful biota die, nutrients are lost. In our opinion, this classification generally covers well the spectrum of factors affecting the soil cover of military operations. At the same time, this classification is incomplete and does not cover some common cases, for example, the creation of systems of defensive structures leads to the violation of soil horizons and changes in the structure of the soil, the spread of erosion (Makarenko N. A., et al., 2022). Also, since it was developed for the conditions of military operations in Donetsk region as of 2014-2017, it needs to be supplemented and clarified, for example, it is worth adding the concepts of ecocide and destruction of infrastructure. The use of indicators of soil condition, monitoring of the development of degradation processes based on operational data and the possibility of using geoportals, dashboards and other means of public access to open data plays a particularly important role in the context of the impact of the consequences of military actions on the soil cover, prospects for agricultural production and, in general, on the quality of life.","PeriodicalId":56214,"journal":{"name":"Zemleustrij Kadastr i Monitoring Zemel''","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135559759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31548/zemleustriy2023.01.07
A. Martyn, O. Kachanovskyi
The negative consequences of illegal amber mining lead to damage to the country's economy and the destruction of the ecosystem in those regions where intensive mining is conducted. The article is devoted to a comprehensive consideration of the issue of illegal amber mining. The ecological and economic prerequisites for the emergence of the problem of illegal mining are given, and its main ecological, economic and social consequences are also determined. It is argued that the illegal actions of prospectors and their consequences continue to be a painful issue in the socio-economic life of Ukraine, from which not only the natural environment, but also the economy of Ukraine suffers. As a result of the uncontrolled extraction of precious stones, the actions of criminal groups smuggling them abroad, the state will not receive millions of hryvnias from the state budget. The calculation of Ukraine's annual losses from illegal amber mining and sales is presented. The distribution of reserves and extraction of amber by administrative regions of Ukraine was analyzed. It is noted that there are two direct payments related to amber mining: a fee for a special permit for the development of the site and mining, as well as rent - a share of the income from the sale of precious stones. Generalized data on the formation of amber deposits and mining taxation processes in Lithuania and Poland are provided. The dynamics of selling prices of Ukrainian and Polish amber is presented, a significant drop in the price of Ukrainian raw amber compared to 2016 was established. The problem of illegal mining in forest areas in the north-west of Poland has been studied. It is noted that amber prices are constantly changing depending on the fractions, but the introduction of a single fixed rate will contribute to the development of this industry.
{"title":"Environmental and economic prerequisites of amber mining in Ukraine","authors":"A. Martyn, O. Kachanovskyi","doi":"10.31548/zemleustriy2023.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/zemleustriy2023.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"The negative consequences of illegal amber mining lead to damage to the country's economy and the destruction of the ecosystem in those regions where intensive mining is conducted. The article is devoted to a comprehensive consideration of the issue of illegal amber mining. The ecological and economic prerequisites for the emergence of the problem of illegal mining are given, and its main ecological, economic and social consequences are also determined. It is argued that the illegal actions of prospectors and their consequences continue to be a painful issue in the socio-economic life of Ukraine, from which not only the natural environment, but also the economy of Ukraine suffers. As a result of the uncontrolled extraction of precious stones, the actions of criminal groups smuggling them abroad, the state will not receive millions of hryvnias from the state budget. The calculation of Ukraine's annual losses from illegal amber mining and sales is presented. The distribution of reserves and extraction of amber by administrative regions of Ukraine was analyzed. It is noted that there are two direct payments related to amber mining: a fee for a special permit for the development of the site and mining, as well as rent - a share of the income from the sale of precious stones. Generalized data on the formation of amber deposits and mining taxation processes in Lithuania and Poland are provided. The dynamics of selling prices of Ukrainian and Polish amber is presented, a significant drop in the price of Ukrainian raw amber compared to 2016 was established. The problem of illegal mining in forest areas in the north-west of Poland has been studied. It is noted that amber prices are constantly changing depending on the fractions, but the introduction of a single fixed rate will contribute to the development of this industry.","PeriodicalId":56214,"journal":{"name":"Zemleustrij Kadastr i Monitoring Zemel''","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70003651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31548/zemleustriy2023.02.011
Yu. Yaremko, V. Yatsenko, Zh. Shatalova
The article presents the classification of damage to objects located on subsiding soils, which was developed based on the results of the analysis of scientific research conducted using the complex method of geodetic observations of deformations of the earth's surface and supporting structures of 273 residential buildings, as well as buildings of the Kherson State Agrarian and Economic of the university, which are located on sites with the above-mentioned properties soils The analysis showed that the degree of damage depends not only on the discharge, dimensions, structural features, technical condition of the building or structure, the nature of the object's operation, but also on the location of the subsidence hopper under it. The use of the developed observation method makes it possible to fully determine the causes and negative factors of deformations on the earth's surface, as well as in the load-bearing structures of buildings and structures, and to develop a set of measures to preserve the normal operational quality of objects during the active stage of the process of soil subsidence and horizontal movements the earth's surface. To clarify the nature of deformations in buildings and structures located in different zones of subsidence, it is necessary to continue research in other regions of the country.
{"title":"Analysis of damage to objects from the influence of subsidence soils","authors":"Yu. Yaremko, V. Yatsenko, Zh. Shatalova","doi":"10.31548/zemleustriy2023.02.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/zemleustriy2023.02.011","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the classification of damage to objects located on subsiding soils, which was developed based on the results of the analysis of scientific research conducted using the complex method of geodetic observations of deformations of the earth's surface and supporting structures of 273 residential buildings, as well as buildings of the Kherson State Agrarian and Economic of the university, which are located on sites with the above-mentioned properties soils The analysis showed that the degree of damage depends not only on the discharge, dimensions, structural features, technical condition of the building or structure, the nature of the object's operation, but also on the location of the subsidence hopper under it. The use of the developed observation method makes it possible to fully determine the causes and negative factors of deformations on the earth's surface, as well as in the load-bearing structures of buildings and structures, and to develop a set of measures to preserve the normal operational quality of objects during the active stage of the process of soil subsidence and horizontal movements the earth's surface. To clarify the nature of deformations in buildings and structures located in different zones of subsidence, it is necessary to continue research in other regions of the country.","PeriodicalId":56214,"journal":{"name":"Zemleustrij Kadastr i Monitoring Zemel''","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70003772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31548/zemleustriy2023.02.09
E. Butenko, O. Kuznetsova, M. Sokhatska
The article examines the current ecological state of lands and soil cover that has been negatively affected by hostilities. Territorial communities that are occupied were studied, the types of land use of these territories were determined, and the area of their lands was calculated. Damages caused as a result of military operations were analyzed. The consequences of the negative impact of hostilities on the lands of territorial communities were assessed. Fragments of maps showing the territories where hostilities are taking place are given and their analysis was carried out. Some types and processes of soil degradation (compaction, pollution, disruption and destruction of the soil cover, etc.) caused by armed Russian aggression and the scale of soil degradation, especially chernozems, were investigated and studied. It is proposed to improve methodical approaches to determine the negative consequences of hostilities on the ground cover. Scientific, methodical and information provision of state assessment and prediction of changes in soil quality was carried out. Improvement of methodological approaches to local soil monitoring studies using remote research methods and agrochemical support for growing agricultural crops in conditions of reduced productive areas. An analysis of measures for the cultivation of agricultural products, which can improve the quality of the land, has been carried out. For the areas affected by the explosions of ammunition and the fire of military equipment. There is an urgent need to simplify land management and urban planning procedures as much as possible and to speed up the implementation of restoration works to eliminate the consequences of armed aggression and hostilities during martial law and in the reconstruction period and after the end of hostilities, including their inclusion in those that require an assessment of man-made pollution of land and other natural resources, assessment of anthropogenic violations, detailed identification of ownership rights to land and property, etc. Factors of land damage as a result of hostilities have been identified as: the passage of heavy military equipment, the explosion of rockets and other types of weapons, the construction of fortifications, and as a result of these actions, the structure of the soil is disturbed, which in the future leads to the degradation of vegetation and increases wind and water erosion. A recovery action plan is proposed, which involves the coordinated efforts of stakeholders and the involvement of foreign partners in solving security and development problems.
{"title":"On the question of the assessment of the consequences of the negative impact of combat actions on the lands of the territorial communities of the Donetsk region","authors":"E. Butenko, O. Kuznetsova, M. Sokhatska","doi":"10.31548/zemleustriy2023.02.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/zemleustriy2023.02.09","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the current ecological state of lands and soil cover that has been negatively affected by hostilities. Territorial communities that are occupied were studied, the types of land use of these territories were determined, and the area of their lands was calculated. Damages caused as a result of military operations were analyzed. The consequences of the negative impact of hostilities on the lands of territorial communities were assessed. Fragments of maps showing the territories where hostilities are taking place are given and their analysis was carried out. Some types and processes of soil degradation (compaction, pollution, disruption and destruction of the soil cover, etc.) caused by armed Russian aggression and the scale of soil degradation, especially chernozems, were investigated and studied. It is proposed to improve methodical approaches to determine the negative consequences of hostilities on the ground cover. Scientific, methodical and information provision of state assessment and prediction of changes in soil quality was carried out. Improvement of methodological approaches to local soil monitoring studies using remote research methods and agrochemical support for growing agricultural crops in conditions of reduced productive areas. An analysis of measures for the cultivation of agricultural products, which can improve the quality of the land, has been carried out. For the areas affected by the explosions of ammunition and the fire of military equipment. There is an urgent need to simplify land management and urban planning procedures as much as possible and to speed up the implementation of restoration works to eliminate the consequences of armed aggression and hostilities during martial law and in the reconstruction period and after the end of hostilities, including their inclusion in those that require an assessment of man-made pollution of land and other natural resources, assessment of anthropogenic violations, detailed identification of ownership rights to land and property, etc. Factors of land damage as a result of hostilities have been identified as: the passage of heavy military equipment, the explosion of rockets and other types of weapons, the construction of fortifications, and as a result of these actions, the structure of the soil is disturbed, which in the future leads to the degradation of vegetation and increases wind and water erosion. A recovery action plan is proposed, which involves the coordinated efforts of stakeholders and the involvement of foreign partners in solving security and development problems.","PeriodicalId":56214,"journal":{"name":"Zemleustrij Kadastr i Monitoring Zemel''","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70004029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31548/zemleustriy2023.03.09
Y. Dorosh, Sh. Ibatullin, O. Dorosh, О. Sakal, А. Dorosh
Based on a sample of data from ministries, local authorities and other official open sources of information regarding the consequences of the destruction of the Kakhovska HPP dam and their analysis, it was found that they are inaccurate. Taking into account the above, the scientists of the Institute of Land Use of the National Academy of Sciences developed a methodology for determining the areas of flooded land affected by the destruction of the Kakhovska HPP dam, the territory under the Kakhovska Reservoir, which includes satellite images, geoinformation technologies, and artificial intelligence technologies. To identify and estimate the area of flooded land, satellite images were analysed before the terrorist attack and as of June 9, 2023, according to the results of which it was established that the total area of flooding according to the ESA WorldCover land cover classes was about 65 thousand hectares. Investigating the suitability for use of agricultural land for its intended purpose in the regions affected by the destruction, a land database with information on coordinates, intended purpose, form of ownership and other cadastre information was created from open sources of information. It was found that the number of land plots registered in the State Land Cadastre and located in the flooding zone is 30,325 plots. Other areas that are in the flooding zone are not registered. The total area of these areas affected by the flood is about 25 thousand hectares, including 9.8 thousand hectares (38%) - agricultural land. Only 20% of them are privately owned (three-quarters of them are agricultural land and one-quarter is land for residential and public development). It was established that the share of the area of land plots in the flooding zone in the total area by forms of ownership is: 56.5% - state property; 22.1% are communal, 20.3% are private, and 1.2% remain unspecified.
{"title":"Application of geo-information technologies in determining the area of flooded lands as a result of the destruction of the Kakhovska HPP","authors":"Y. Dorosh, Sh. Ibatullin, O. Dorosh, О. Sakal, А. Dorosh","doi":"10.31548/zemleustriy2023.03.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/zemleustriy2023.03.09","url":null,"abstract":"Based on a sample of data from ministries, local authorities and other official open sources of information regarding the consequences of the destruction of the Kakhovska HPP dam and their analysis, it was found that they are inaccurate. Taking into account the above, the scientists of the Institute of Land Use of the National Academy of Sciences developed a methodology for determining the areas of flooded land affected by the destruction of the Kakhovska HPP dam, the territory under the Kakhovska Reservoir, which includes satellite images, geoinformation technologies, and artificial intelligence technologies. To identify and estimate the area of flooded land, satellite images were analysed before the terrorist attack and as of June 9, 2023, according to the results of which it was established that the total area of flooding according to the ESA WorldCover land cover classes was about 65 thousand hectares. Investigating the suitability for use of agricultural land for its intended purpose in the regions affected by the destruction, a land database with information on coordinates, intended purpose, form of ownership and other cadastre information was created from open sources of information. It was found that the number of land plots registered in the State Land Cadastre and located in the flooding zone is 30,325 plots. Other areas that are in the flooding zone are not registered. The total area of these areas affected by the flood is about 25 thousand hectares, including 9.8 thousand hectares (38%) - agricultural land. Only 20% of them are privately owned (three-quarters of them are agricultural land and one-quarter is land for residential and public development). It was established that the share of the area of land plots in the flooding zone in the total area by forms of ownership is: 56.5% - state property; 22.1% are communal, 20.3% are private, and 1.2% remain unspecified.","PeriodicalId":56214,"journal":{"name":"Zemleustrij Kadastr i Monitoring Zemel''","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135561751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31548/zemleustriy2023.03.07
N. Medynska, L. Kolosa, L. Hunko, R. Humenyak, O. Lakhmatova
It has been established that increasing the efficiency of solving the problems of improving the environment and the rational involvement of natural resources in the reproductive process depends on the formation of a decentralized model of financial and investment support for nature protection and nature exploitation activities, which will make it possible to strengthen the investment focus of natural resource and environmental payments, which are concentrated in local budgets. It is substantiated that the key element of the decentralized model of financial and investment support for nature protection and nature exploitation activities is the increase in the share of the transfer of environmental tax and rent and fees for the use of other natural resources to local government budgets with their further accumulation in special environmental funds. It has been proven that it is worth applying a differentiated approach to the formation of a decentralized model of financial and investment support for nature protection and nature exploitation activities for urban and rural territorial communities, based on the significant gap between the size of the public financial potential in these categories of communities. It has been established that the formation of Environmental Protection Funds, where 100% of environmental tax, 30% of rent and fees for the use of other natural resources will be concentrated, should be the main link of the decentralized model of financial and investment support for nature protection and nature exploitation activities in urban territorial communities. 10% of the net profit of utilities. Making informed decisions about land use in both urban and rural territorial communities requires appropriate information support. It is substantiated that additional sources of filling the Environmental Protection Funds of urban territorial communities should be considered the receipt of funds accumulated in connection with the emission of green bonds of a local loan, the implementation of public-private partnership agreements, the participation of local governments in the implementation of grant programs, the receipt of financial assistance from international environmental protection organizations and governments of foreign countries. It was established that in rural territorial communities, the dominant role in financial and investment provision of solving environmental problems should remain at the oblast level of local self-government and regional executive power.
{"title":"Decentralized model of financial and investment provision of nature protection and nature exploitation activities: specific formation in urban and rural territorial communities","authors":"N. Medynska, L. Kolosa, L. Hunko, R. Humenyak, O. Lakhmatova","doi":"10.31548/zemleustriy2023.03.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/zemleustriy2023.03.07","url":null,"abstract":"It has been established that increasing the efficiency of solving the problems of improving the environment and the rational involvement of natural resources in the reproductive process depends on the formation of a decentralized model of financial and investment support for nature protection and nature exploitation activities, which will make it possible to strengthen the investment focus of natural resource and environmental payments, which are concentrated in local budgets. It is substantiated that the key element of the decentralized model of financial and investment support for nature protection and nature exploitation activities is the increase in the share of the transfer of environmental tax and rent and fees for the use of other natural resources to local government budgets with their further accumulation in special environmental funds. It has been proven that it is worth applying a differentiated approach to the formation of a decentralized model of financial and investment support for nature protection and nature exploitation activities for urban and rural territorial communities, based on the significant gap between the size of the public financial potential in these categories of communities. It has been established that the formation of Environmental Protection Funds, where 100% of environmental tax, 30% of rent and fees for the use of other natural resources will be concentrated, should be the main link of the decentralized model of financial and investment support for nature protection and nature exploitation activities in urban territorial communities. 10% of the net profit of utilities. Making informed decisions about land use in both urban and rural territorial communities requires appropriate information support. It is substantiated that additional sources of filling the Environmental Protection Funds of urban territorial communities should be considered the receipt of funds accumulated in connection with the emission of green bonds of a local loan, the implementation of public-private partnership agreements, the participation of local governments in the implementation of grant programs, the receipt of financial assistance from international environmental protection organizations and governments of foreign countries. It was established that in rural territorial communities, the dominant role in financial and investment provision of solving environmental problems should remain at the oblast level of local self-government and regional executive power.","PeriodicalId":56214,"journal":{"name":"Zemleustrij Kadastr i Monitoring Zemel''","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135561768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31548/zemleustriy2023.01.11
N. Medynska, Y. Moroz
It is substantiated that the necessary institutional prerequisite for increasing the effectiveness of extended reproduction and economic development of natural resource potential is the modernization of the economic mechanism of nature use both at the national, regional and local levels, in particular in the part of the transformation of the system of fiscal regulation of the use of subsoil for the extraction of minerals. Studies have shown that the deepening of budget-fiscal decentralization requires more effective use of endogenous factors of socio-economic development of territorial communities, in the spectrum of which the increase in the effectiveness of fiscal regulation of subsoil use through the improvement of the methodology of extraction and distribution of rent for the use of subsoil is of particular importance. It was established that in the years 2007-2021, several phases of growth and decline are observed in the dynamics of rent payments for the use of subsoil to the local budgets of Ukraine, which correlates with the dynamics of socio-economic uplift, the impact of the global financial crisis on the national economy, changes in the percentages of deduction of mineral and raw materials rents to public financial funds of the respective territories. It has been proven that in the conditions of budgetary and fiscal decentralization, favorable conditions have been formed for increasing the share of rent deductions for subsoil use to local budgets, which will make it possible to form special financial funds for the reproduction of mineral and raw material potential and increase the interest of local self-government in its complex use. It is substantiated that the revision of the principles of subsoil use rents should be preceded by the modernization of the economic mechanism of nature use in terms of the diversification of payments for the extraction of minerals, and this will make it possible to ensure the equivalence of the extraction of mineral and raw material rents and its adequate distribution between public budgets of different taxonomic levels .
{"title":"Receipt of rental payment for the use of natural budgets in the local budget in the context of modernizing the economic mechanism of natural use","authors":"N. Medynska, Y. Moroz","doi":"10.31548/zemleustriy2023.01.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/zemleustriy2023.01.11","url":null,"abstract":"It is substantiated that the necessary institutional prerequisite for increasing the effectiveness of extended reproduction and economic development of natural resource potential is the modernization of the economic mechanism of nature use both at the national, regional and local levels, in particular in the part of the transformation of the system of fiscal regulation of the use of subsoil for the extraction of minerals. Studies have shown that the deepening of budget-fiscal decentralization requires more effective use of endogenous factors of socio-economic development of territorial communities, in the spectrum of which the increase in the effectiveness of fiscal regulation of subsoil use through the improvement of the methodology of extraction and distribution of rent for the use of subsoil is of particular importance. It was established that in the years 2007-2021, several phases of growth and decline are observed in the dynamics of rent payments for the use of subsoil to the local budgets of Ukraine, which correlates with the dynamics of socio-economic uplift, the impact of the global financial crisis on the national economy, changes in the percentages of deduction of mineral and raw materials rents to public financial funds of the respective territories. It has been proven that in the conditions of budgetary and fiscal decentralization, favorable conditions have been formed for increasing the share of rent deductions for subsoil use to local budgets, which will make it possible to form special financial funds for the reproduction of mineral and raw material potential and increase the interest of local self-government in its complex use. It is substantiated that the revision of the principles of subsoil use rents should be preceded by the modernization of the economic mechanism of nature use in terms of the diversification of payments for the extraction of minerals, and this will make it possible to ensure the equivalence of the extraction of mineral and raw material rents and its adequate distribution between public budgets of different taxonomic levels .","PeriodicalId":56214,"journal":{"name":"Zemleustrij Kadastr i Monitoring Zemel''","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70003470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.31548/zemleustriy2023.02.02
Y. Dorosh, S. Ibatullin, A. Tarnopolskyi, О. Sakal, R. Kharytonenko
The cause-and-effect relationship between economic modernization and land management, the role of the latter in the process of modernization of Ukraine, as well as the transformation of the content and practices related to land management in the growth and post-war reconstruction of the country are studied. The key role of land management in economic modernization, with an emphasis on the importance of land management practices in overcoming the consequences of the armed conflict in Ukraine, is noted. The analysis of legislative and regulatory acts of Ukraine regarding economic modernization indicates a predominantly narrowed, albeit direct, application of its context: first of all, in relation to the modernization of infrastructure, material and technical base; ecological modernization of enterprises; updating technical and technological processes taking into account the impact on the environment; on social aspects and education, as well as systems of administration, such as public administration and public finance. Whereas in connection with land management, the context of economic modernization in the regulatory and legal acts of Ukraine (as of June 1, 2023) can only be indirectly highlighted in connection with projects and documents, some of which relate to agriculture. The structural and logical scheme reflecting the role of land management in the process of economic modernization of Ukraine is justified. It is noted that land management practices contribute, among other, to the solution of such urgent problems as ensuring food security, attracting investments in agriculture, in particular, in the context of its modernization and infrastructure development, as well as emphasizing the role of land management as an important component of the European integration process of Ukraine, which provides for the approximation of national land legislation to the EU acquis.
{"title":"The role of land management in the process of economic modernization in Ukraine","authors":"Y. Dorosh, S. Ibatullin, A. Tarnopolskyi, О. Sakal, R. Kharytonenko","doi":"10.31548/zemleustriy2023.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31548/zemleustriy2023.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"The cause-and-effect relationship between economic modernization and land management, the role of the latter in the process of modernization of Ukraine, as well as the transformation of the content and practices related to land management in the growth and post-war reconstruction of the country are studied. The key role of land management in economic modernization, with an emphasis on the importance of land management practices in overcoming the consequences of the armed conflict in Ukraine, is noted. The analysis of legislative and regulatory acts of Ukraine regarding economic modernization indicates a predominantly narrowed, albeit direct, application of its context: first of all, in relation to the modernization of infrastructure, material and technical base; ecological modernization of enterprises; updating technical and technological processes taking into account the impact on the environment; on social aspects and education, as well as systems of administration, such as public administration and public finance. Whereas in connection with land management, the context of economic modernization in the regulatory and legal acts of Ukraine (as of June 1, 2023) can only be indirectly highlighted in connection with projects and documents, some of which relate to agriculture. The structural and logical scheme reflecting the role of land management in the process of economic modernization of Ukraine is justified. It is noted that land management practices contribute, among other, to the solution of such urgent problems as ensuring food security, attracting investments in agriculture, in particular, in the context of its modernization and infrastructure development, as well as emphasizing the role of land management as an important component of the European integration process of Ukraine, which provides for the approximation of national land legislation to the EU acquis.","PeriodicalId":56214,"journal":{"name":"Zemleustrij Kadastr i Monitoring Zemel''","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70003928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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