Cranio-The Journal of Craniomandibular & Sleep Practice最新文献

Objective: To assess soft-tissue variables from CBCT images obtained for dental treatment purposes as potential predictors of OSA severity in adults.

Methods: This retrospective study included 140 snoring patients categorized by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) into primary snoring, mild, moderate, and severe OSA (n =35 per group). Three-dimensional upper airway parameters were measured and compared from CBCT scans. A hierarchical regression model assessed their association with the AHI after adjusting for demographics.

Results: Multiple CBCT-derived soft-tissue parameters differed significantly among OSA severity groups and correlated with the AHI. However, after demographic adjustment in the hierarchical regression model, only palatal length (PL) and minimal cross-sectional area (mCSA) emerged as statistically significant independent predictors (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: CBCT revealed significant differences in pharyngeal soft-tissue anatomy among OSA severity groups. Palatal length and mCSA were identified as valuable predictors for OSA screening based on AHI.

Objectives: To investigate the longitudinal impact of orofacial pain symptoms on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk.

Methods: Data from 692,980 Korean individuals were analyzed and categorized by the presence or absence of orofacial pain symptoms. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were conducted to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) of orofacial pain for the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).

Results: A total of 47,824 (7.41%) participants reported orofacial pain symptoms, which were associated with increased MACE risks. However, some cases may have referred to cardiac pain rather than primary orofacial pain.

Conclusions: Orofacial pain may independently increase the long-term risk of CVD.

Objective: We examined the relationships between the structural connectome and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs).

Methods: Bidirectional Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted using Genome-wide association studies data on the structural connectome and TMDs.

Results: Positive associations with TMD risk were found for white matter structural connectivity from the left hemisphere limbic network to putamen, left hemisphere salience_ventral attention network to caudate, right hemisphere visual network to thalamus, and right hemisphere salience_ventral attention network to right hemisphere control network, while negative associations were observed for connectivity from the left hemisphere control and somatomotor networks to pallidum, left hemisphere somatomotor network to right hemisphere dorsal attention network, and right hemisphere somatomotor network to hippocampus (p< 0.05). In TMD patients, connectivity from the Left-hemisphere visual network to putamen was reduced, whereas connectivity from the Left-hemisphere limbic network to left-hemisphere control network was increased (p< 0.05).

Conclusion: Our findings provide insights into the TMD pathogenesis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise and mandibular advancement device (MAD) on severity of Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) with mandibular retrognathia.

Methods: Patients were randomly allocated into either exercise group or MAD group. All patients underwent blood tests, polysomnography studies and questionnaires studies at enrollment and at the 12-week's follow-up.

Results: Our study showed MAD was superior to exercise in improving polysomnographic outcomes and Snore Scale (SS) score. No significant difference was observed between the two treatments in terms of Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score. Moreover, in the exercise group, improvements were also observed in total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).

Conclusion: MAD was more effective than exercise in improving sleep efficiency. Exercise can improve daytime sleepiness and lipid metabolism, independent of the effects on BMI.Trial registration ChiCTR2000034188.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between T102C (rs6313) polymorphism in the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor-2A (5HTR2A) gene and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and anxiety.

Methods: This observational case-control study included 80 patients and 70 healthy controls. TMD was diagnosed using the criteria for TMD (DC/TMD). Anxiety was assessed with the Beck anxiety scale. A genotyping study of HTRR2A T102C (rs6313) gene polymorphism was performed from genomic DNA isolated from blood.

Results: The TMD group had higher anxiety scores than the control group (p < .05). The TMD group was similar to the control group regarding genotype and allele frequencies. However, the polymorphic CC genotype was more common in those with high anxiety (p < .05).

Conclusion: There was no clear evidence of an association between TMD and the T102C polymorphism in HTR2A and TMD. However, anxiety is closely related to the T102C polymorphism in HTR2A.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate whether trigeminal somatosensory function and mechanosensitivity differ between groups with craniofacial neuropathic pain (CNP), non-neuropathic craniofacial pain (NNP), and healthy controls (HC).

Methods: Thirty-three participants were categorized into these groups, matched for age and sex. The study evaluated pain intensity, the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (LANSS), and various trigeminal somatosensory tests, including vibration, pressure pain, thermal detection, cold pain, and neurodynamic tests of the trigeminal nerve.

Results: Cold pain thresholds differed significantly among the three groups CNP, NNP, and HC (p = .047). No difference was found in vibration detection, pressure pain threshold, and thermal detection. Trigeminal nerve mechanosensitivity was significantly different among the three groups (p = .03), particularly between groups CNP and HC (p = .01).

Conclusion: Differences in aspects of trigeminal somatosensory function, including cold pain and trigeminal mechanosensitivity, exist between subjects with chronic craniofacial pain and HC. This implies that a clinical classification system for neuromusculoskeletal rehabilitation could be valuable in evaluating patients.

Objective: We reviewed the efficacy of dextrose prolotherapy versus placebo and other active interventions, like autologous blood injection (ABI) and botulinum toxin (BTX), in improving the outcomes of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) hypermobility.

Methods: We searched PubMed, the Cochrane CENTRAL library, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) . Maximal mouth opening (MMO), pain, and frequency of dislocations were analyzed.

Results: Eight RCTs were included. In comparison with placebo, dextrose prolotherapy was associated with significantly reduced pain and MMO. Comparison of dextrose with ABI revealed no significant difference in MMO. Qualitative analysis showed no significant difference in outcomes in patients who received dextrose prolotherapy and BTX.

Conclusions: Low-quality evidence suggests that dextrose prolotherapy may reduce MMO and improve pain scores compared to placebo in patients with TMJ hypermobility. Low-quality evidence also suggests that there may be minimal difference in outcomes between dextrose vs ABI and BTX.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the potential genetic link between sleep traits and periodontitis.

Methods: A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted using publicly available genome-wide association studies data on chronotype, daytime sleepiness, daytime napping frequency, insomnia, sleep duration, snoring, and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), along with a separate dataset on periodontitis.

Results: Chronotype (OR = 0.929, 95% CI = 0.788-1.095), daytime sleepiness (OR = 0.492, 95% CI = 0.186-1.306), daytime napping frequency (OR = 1.178, 95% CI = 0.745-1.863), sleep duration (OR = 0.868, 95% CI = 0.644-1.169), AHI (OR = 1.124, 95% CI = 0.980-1.289), insomnia (OR = 0.832, 95% CI = 0.440-1.573), and snoring (OR = 0.641, 95% CI = 0.198-2.075) had no effect on periodontitis. Similarly, periodontitis demonstrated no significant effect on sleep traits.

Conclusions: There is no evidence of a bidirectional genetic relationship between sleep traits and the risk of periodontitis.

Objective: Anxiety tends to increase muscle tension and painful symptoms; however, its symptoms can be associated with temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD). Therefore, it is crucial for professionals to identify the presence of both comorbidities and determine whether they are related. This study aims to systematically evaluate the literature and answer the question: "Is there an association between anxiety and TMD in adults?"

Methods: The study followed the PRISMA protocol and was registered in PROSPERO. The custom search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Lilacs databases, as inclusion criteria observational studies that evaluated the association between anxiety and TMD in adults.

Results: A total of 1640 articles were found. After removing duplicates, 988 were evaluated by title and abstract. Of these, 28 were selected for reading in full, of which 13 were included in the present review.

Conclusion: The association of anxiety with TMD is positive, except for the minority indicating a low relationship between the disorders, which is explained by neuroscience.

Objective: Videos containing exercises for masticatory muscles to enhance esthetic appearance are published on social media platforms. The aim of the study was to find out the nature of the exercises and whether they could have an impact on the health of the masticatory muscles.

Method: For the netnography, social media videos of jaw area exercises were collected as material and reviewed. The literature review investigated the effect of voluntary masticatory muscle exercises.

Results: 71 videos were collected, with none referring to scientific evidence. Muscle exercises found by netnography were isometric exercise of the masseter muscles. The scoping review revealed isometric exercise of the masticatory muscles can cause symptoms in the masticatory system in temporomandibular disorder patients.

Conclusion: Non-professional masticatory muscle exercises should be considered in the etiology of muscle-related TMD. Dental professionals should to explore social media platforms to be aware of content about dental issues.