Cranio-The Journal of Craniomandibular & Sleep Practice最新文献

Objective: This study aimed to validate the Geriatric Sleep Questionnaire (GSQ) for assessing subjective sleep quality among elderly individuals in Iran.

Methods: The GSQ underwent evaluation for face and content validity. Participants were selected via convenience sampling from five healthcare centers. Sociodemographic variables, including gender, number of children, recreational activities, budget deficits, and family conflicts were analyzed. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to verify the results. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's α, and test-retest reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results: 200 older adults (mean age 66.8 years) completed the questionnaires. Face and content validity were confirmed by 30 experts (S-CVI/average = 0.96). The final model exhibited good fit indices (χ2/df = 2.89, CFI = 0.96). The scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.81) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.98).

Conclusion: The Persian GSQ demonstrates high reliability and validity for assessing sleep quality in older adults, aiding research in this field.

Background: Temporomandibular joint diseases (TMD) are an important clinical condition in childhood as in adults. There is variation in the frequency and distribution of complaints in children about this disorder.

Materials and methods: This study was conducted on 407 children aged 5-18 years. Patients with dentofacial function problems, trauma, history of surgery, and malignancy were excluded from the study. Patients with temporomandibular magnetic resonance imaging in their records were classified as normal, reduction disc displacement and non-reduction disc displacement.

Results: Patients symptoms were click (77.2%), pain (71.5%), headache (61.2%), bruxism (31.9%), locking (28%), difficulty in mouth opening (24.3%). The most common clinical findings are normal mouth opening (62.2%) and deviation (44.9%). When the MR results were examined, 55.1% of female and 66.6% of male were observed to be normal, and this statistically shows that males have more normal MR findings.

Conclusion: TMD are also observed in children. Clinical history and findings are helpful in diagnosis, but the contribution of imaging methods may be limited. If head and neck pain is detected in children, TMD should be kept in mind.

Background: Chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is a rare cartilaginous tumor, accounting for < 1% of benign bone tumors. We report a case of temporomandibular joint (TMJ)-CMF, involving the pterygopalatine space and skull base and discuss its epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and management.

Case presentation: A 56-year-old woman presented with facial asymmetry and progressive mouth opening restriction due to a mass expanding upwardly to the auriculotemporal region. Using digital techniques to determine the lesion's boundary and reconstruct the normal glenoid fossa, the temporalis myofascial flap was transplanted between the titanium mesh and condyle to reconstruct the disc after tumor resection.

Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of identifying patients with TMJ-CMF.

Objectives: Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are derivatives of testosterone, used to treat gonadal disturbances, performance enhancement, and aesthetic purposes. AAS abuse can lead to side effects, including androgenic, cardiovascular, and liver disturbances, effects on libido, gynecomastia, and behavioral effects. There is a hypothesis that some joint tissues may be targets for sex hormones, and the use of AAS without medical follow-up may exacerbate temporomandibular joint problems in patients seeking performance and aesthetics.

Methods: In this study, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on AAS abusers who voluntarily presented themselves for clinical evaluation. Patients were subdivided by sex and age group, and the length of AAS use and symptoms such as headache, tinnitus, and temporomandibular joint pain were evaluated.

Results: It was observed that drug usage is related to symptoms.

Conclusion: The results suggest that AAS use without medical follow-up may exacerbate temporomandibular joint problems, especially in patients with low estrogen levels.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of occlusal splint (OS) therapy on clinical parameters, masticatory muscle morphology and arterial blood flow using ultrasonography (USG) in female probable bruxist individuals with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS).

Methods: 24 female probable bruxist patients with MPS underwent OS therapy for three months. USG assessed masseter and temporalis muscle length, thickness (at rest and maximum clenching) and elastography. Doppler ultrasound measured facial, external carotid, temporal and maxillary artery blood flow. Clinical evaluations included maximum mouth opening (MMO), Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores. All measurements were conducted before and after treatment.

Results: OS therapy significantly reduced muscle length, thickness and elastography, except for right masseter elastography. Temporal artery flow parameters showed a significant decrease. MMO increased, while JFLS and VAS scores decreased.

Conclusion: OS therapy reduces muscle dimensions and stiffness while improving clinical outcomes, with limited impact on arterial blood flow.

Objective: To assess the frequency of awake bruxism (AB) behaviors in a group of undergraduate dentistry students and correlate it with the status of anxiety and depression.

Materials and methods: The frequency of five oral behaviors (i.e., relaxed jaw muscle, teeth contact, mandible bracing, teeth clenching, teeth grinding) was evaluated using a smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) approach. The anxiety and depression status was investigated with the four-item patient health questionnaire for anxiety and depression (PHQ-4). ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test was used to assess the difference in frequency of AB behaviors among the four PHQ-4 groups.

Results: Among the four groups, there was a statistically significant difference in the frequency of relaxed jaw muscle, teeth contact, mandible bracing, and teeth clenching, but not for teeth grinding.

Conclusion: Based on this cross-sectional study's findings, psyche seems to have a determinant impact on AB behaviors, which is significantly higher in individuals with anxiety and depression traits.

Objective: To develop and evaluate an Arabic version of the OBC-21 questionnaire for use among Levantine Arabic-speaking populations.

Methods: A structured translation and cultural adaptation process was performed for the OBC-21, followed by assessment of translational sufficiency and content validity. Reliability was tested with internal consistency, and test-retest reliability was evaluated.

Results: All 117 participants completed the survey twice, two weeks apart. The test-retest reliability of the OBC sum scores was excellent, with an ICC of 0.84 (95% CI = [0.77; 0.88]), and the reliability of OBC grades was very good, with a Cohen's Kappa of 0.81. Internal consistency was also very good, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.8 (95% CI = [0.75; 0.8]).

Conclusion: The Arabic version of the OBC-21 seems to be a reliable tool for assessing oral behaviors. Future studies need to establish the construct validity of the tool in the clinical settings.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between sleep bruxism behaviors and jaw symptoms in healthy young adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 99 dental students. Participants completed the Oral Behavior Checklist and the BruxScreen protocol and wore a BruxChecker for three nights.

Results: We found a positive correlation between self-reported awake and sleep bruxism and both painful and non-painful jaw symptoms. BruxChecker perforation, jaw symptoms, and tooth wear predicted self-report frequency of sleep bruxism on ordinal regression. However, sleep bruxism assessed with the BruxChecker or clinical examination was not associated with the frequency of any jaw symptoms.

Conclusion: In healthy young adults, the grinding component of sleep bruxism evaluated at the dental level is not associated with the frequency of either painful or non-painful jaw symptoms. Tooth wear and non-painful jaw symptoms might contribute to the self-reported frequency of sleep bruxism.

Objective: To investigate the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on neuropsychological status, cognitive function, and sleep microstructure in first-episode depression patients with insomnia.

Methods: The clinical data of 95 first-episode depression patients with insomnia were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into groups according to the different therapeutic regimens, 45 cases in the control group received conventional treatment, and 50 cases in the research group received rTMS combined with CBT on the basis of conventional treatment. The clinical efficacy, depression level, cognitive function, neuropsychology and sleep quality of the two groups were compared.

Results: The overall efficacy rate was higher in the research group compared to the control group (96.00% vs. 80.00%) (p < .05).

Conclusion: In addition to conventional pharmacological treatment, the combination of rTMS and CBT may serve as a promising adjunctive intervention for first-episode depression patients with insomnia, demonstrating potential benefits in improving neuropsychological status, cognitive function, and sleep microstructure.