International Journal of Biometeorology最新文献

This study investigated seasonal temperature variability in glycemic parameters and their clinical correlates in 8730 acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients admitted from 2013 to 2022. Patients were grouped by season of onset, with collection of demographic characteristics, laboratory results, admission NIHSS scores and meteorological data. After confounder adjustment, generalized additive model(GAM) was used to evaluate the correlation between ambient temperature, glycemic parameters and NIHSS scores, with interactions examined via season stratification. In patients with diabetes, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels in winter increased by 1.22 mmol/l (95% CI:1.14,1.29 mmol/l, P < 0.01) versus summer. General linear model analysis revealed lower FPG levels in summer (β = -0.083, 95% CI: -0.726, -0.062; P < 0.05) and autumn (β = -0.125, 95% CI: -0.590, -0.073; P < 0.05) versus winter. HbA1c demonstrated similar seasonal variation, particularly when values exceeding 7.0%, with spring-autumn differences reaching 0.81 units (95% CI: 0.61, 1.02; P < 0.05). HbA1c variations were most pronounced in spring (β = 0.201, 95% CI: 0.099, 0.557; P < 0.001) and summer (β = 0.107, 95% CI: 0.096, 0.449; P < 0.05) versus autumn. Winter admissions correlated with greater stroke severity, supported by 1 ◦C temperature decrease was associated with 2.5 (95% CI: -4.5, -0.5;P < 0.01) NIHSS scores increase. Of note, each 0.1 mmol/L increment in FPG corresponding to a 0.8 rise in NIHSS scores (95% CI: 0.5, 1.1, P < 0.01), while HbA1c showed no association. Our findings demonstrated AIS patients showed seasonal glucose fluctuations, with the highest hyperglycemia and severity in winter. The robust association between FPG and outcomes highlighted the need for seasonally-adjusted glucose management in high-risk populations.

Studies worldwide have reported an increase in suicide during hot weather. In summer, high temperature and intense sunlight often coincide, with the latter being a prerequisite for the former formation. However, little is known about whether and to what extent high temperature mediates the effect of sunlight on suicide. We obtained daily suicide death data in Anhui Province of China for the period from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2020. Both daily sunshine hours and daily solar radiation were employed to measure the sunlight exposure. The space-time-stratified case-crossover analysis was used to estimate the association between sunlight exposure and suicide deaths in high- and non-high-temperature weather during the warm season (May through September). A linear regression was then utilized to estimate the extent to which the association was mediated through temperature. Sunlight during the warm season demonstrated a protective effect on suicide in non-high-temperature weather but a hazardous effect in high-temperature weather. Further mediation analysis in high-temperature weather showed that the direct effect of sunlight on suicide deaths was more pronounced than the effect mediated through temperature. The proportion mediated through temperature in the association between sunshine hours and suicide deaths ranged from 11.27% to 18.37%, while the range for solar radiation and suicide deaths was lower (0.50% to 0.89%). Sunlight not only affects suicide risk but also has an indirect effect that is partially mediated through high temperature. Our findings need to be proven in distinct regions, aiming to better understand the role of sunlight and high temperature in triggering suicide.

Landscape trees are one of the most important urban carbon sinks, and their carbon sequestration capacity is influenced by the unique microclimates of urban built environments. However, the mechanisms underlying this influence remain complex and not fully understood. Here, we combined year-long field measurements of the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of landscape trees with ENVI-met microclimate simulation and machine learning to develop a predictive framework for a subtropical city. Our key findings revealed that the direct impact of urban microclimatic factors on Pn decreased in the order of solar radiation (SR) > relative humidity (RH) > carbon dioxide concentration (Ca) > air temperature (Ta). The random forest (RF) model demonstrated high predictive accuracy, yielding an R² of 0.86 for daily carbon sequestration and 0.98 for annual carbon sequestration. The simulation results show significant variations in tree Pn across different species in urban environments with organized building and road layouts. Furthermore, building height and tree placement introduced substantial spatial variability in carbon sequestration rates among trees of the same species. Differences in annual carbon sequestration between individual trees reached up to 37.67%. This mechanism-driven approach provides urban planners with a robust tool for optimizing green space design to enhance carbon sequestration, offering a practical strategy for supporting urban carbon neutrality goals.

Characterizing the flowering behavior and thermal requirements of quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) genotypes is essential for guiding future breeding efforts and adapting cultivation practices under ongoing climate change. However, there is a lack of comprehensive data on quince flowering phenology and associated thermal requirements. In this study, we investigated the bud and flowering phenology of 47 quince genotypes originating from Türkiye over three consecutive seasons under Mediterranean climate conditions. Phenological stages including bud break, bud burst, first bloom, full bloom, and end of bloom were recorded and expressed as day of the year (DOY), while effective flowering period and heat requirements were also calculated. Genotype and year had a significant influence on all phenological traits recorded. Bud break was observed as early as DOY 44, and flowering ended by DOY 108.3. Effective flowering periods ranged from 3.30 to 7.67 days, with genotype 2423 exhibiting both the earliest bloom and the longest effective flowering period. Heat accumulation between BBCH code 07 (bud break) and BBCH stage 65 (full bloom) was calculated in terms of growing degree days (GDD: 151.42–236.42) and growing degree hours (GDH: Anderson: 4,770.57–7,570.56; Richardson method: 5,444.47–8,028.20). Genotypes such as 2162 required the least heat input, while genotypes like 2760 showed the highest thermal demand for flowering. This study represents the most extensive classification of flowering phenology and heat requirement in quince to date. Results offer critical insights for selecting climate-resilient genotypes, identifying suitable cultivation zones, and supporting varietal registration through standardized flowering class assignments aligned with UPOV guidelines.

A comprehensive understanding of crop phenology and light dynamics, particularly the spatial variability of these interactions within the canopy, is critical for developing new strategies to enhance field-scale productivity. In pursuit of this, an innovative field experiment on winter maize was conducted during 2021–2023, aiming to elucidate the complex relationships among phenological development, canopy light balance components, and light use efficiency across diverse microenvironments. This study offers new insights into optimizing yield potential under real-world field conditions. Winter maize was sown on five dates at 10-day intervals, viz., 1st November, 10th November, 20th November, 30th November, and 10th December in two consecutive winter seasons (2021–22 and 2022–23) at Pusa (25.7°N, 87.5°E, 52 m), Bihar, situated in the middle Gangetic plains of India. The results revealed notable variations in the crop’s phenological responses across sowing dates. Delayed sowing extended the emergence phase but shortened the vegetative period, leading to an accelerated progression to reproductive stages. Moreover, key phenophases such as tasseling, silking, and milking occurred more rapidly in later sowings, likely due to variations in temperature and day length. Incident photosynthetically active radiation (PAR_in) over the canopy was significantly affected by sowing date. This caused differences in intercepted, transmitted, and absorbed PAR depending on the crop stage and canopy density. Among all sowing dates, the 20th November sowing recorded the highest levels of intercepted and absorbed PAR, attributed to the maximum leaf area index. The fraction of absorbed PAR (fAPAR) consistently remained lower than the fraction of intercepted PAR (fIPAR) throughout the phenological stages. Additionally, fIPAR and the light extinction coefficient (k) exhibited logarithmic and linear relationships with leaf area index, respectively. The highest light use efficiency (5.72 g MJ^− 1) was achieved with the 20th November sowing, indicating effective utilization of the prevailing resource environment to maximize maize yield.

The aim of this study was evaluating the effect of peloidotherapy, included in the postoperative rehabilitation, on functional outcomes in patients who have undergone surgical treatment for rotator cuff tears (RCTs) and superior labrum anterior-posterior SLAP tears, and to assess the short-term clinical outcomes of the early rehabilitation protocol. The study was prospective, randomized, controlled, and single-blind. Sixty patients were sequentially enrolled and randomly divided into two groups (30 each) using a computer-generated random number table. Assessments were performed by a blinded researcher, and statistical analysis was conducted by a blinded biostatistician. Group 1 received peloidotherapy(44–45 °C), TENS, and exercise, while Group 2 received a hot pack, TENS, and exercise. Patients were evaluated using VAS, SPADI, and goniometer measurements before treatment and after. Intra-group analyses showed significant decreases in pain–activity/rest VAS, and SPADI scores, increases in all shoulder ROM measures. Between groups, flexion, abduction, and adduction differed significantly, while other shoulder movements and pain–activity/rest VAS, and SPADI scores showed no significant differences. Comparison of difference scores showed no significant changes except for adduction, which differed significantly between groups. A significant between-group difference was observed only in the number of patients achieving MCID for disability SPADI. The addition of peloidotherapy to the rehabilitation program after arthroscopic RCTs and SLAP tear repair has been shown to have similar effects to hot pack application. An early rehabilitation protocol using peloidotherapy and physiotherapy may improve upper extremity performance and quality of life by speeding up functional recovery.

Observable climate change has led to an increase in compound heat events, thereby amplifying the economic impacts of labor heat stress and necessitating intervention strategies. Current research lacks high-resolution precision in projecting future heat stress and quantifying adaptation strategies, which is particularly critical for China given its spatial disparities in climate, workforce distribution, and economic development. This study integrates high-resolution CMIP6 climate models, a Wet-bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) algorithm, and localized Exposure-response Functions (ERFs) to project heat-induced labor productivity loss across China under the SSP5-8.5 scenario. It systematically analyzes and quantitatively compares the effectiveness of two adaptation strategies (shading and work schedule adjustments) while estimating direct economic losses in outdoor heavy labor industries. This study precisely identifies the thermal stress hotspots categorized as primary (South China: loss rate > 11%, increment 5–7%), secondary (middle-lower Yangtze River: 7–11% loss, 3–5% increment), and tertiary hotspots (Yangtze River Delta & North China Plain: 6–9% loss, 2–4% increment) based on productivity loss magnitudes. Our findings also reveal that optimal strategies diverge north-south along the 33°N: shading dominates in the south and schedule adjustments in the north due to distinct heat patterns, though future climate trends may reduce the efficacy of time shift adjustments nationwide. Additionally, economic loss estimation reveals surging heat-induced losses in agriculture and construction over two decades (annual growth rates of 11.16% and 20.69%, respectively), with combined strategies potentially reducing direct losses by 65–70% in hotspot provinces. These findings enable province- and industry-specific intervention designs considering regional climate variations and strategy effectiveness.

Plant spring phenology advancements have been broadly observed, but the change in autumn phenology has varied greatly among different regions and species under global warming. Moreover, how plant phenology responds to climate change in grasslands and deserts is not well understood compared with that in forests. Here, we used long-term (2005 ~ 2020) phenological and climatic in situ observation data from six grassland and desert sites in China to analyze temporal trends in the start (SOS) and end (EOS) of the growing season for 27 herbaceous and shrub species and their responses to climatic factors. The results demonstrated that 70% of the species presented an earlier SOS and that 59% of the species presented an earlier EOS, which resulted in a shortened growing season (LOS) for 41% of the species. The LOS trends were driven by EOS trends, which had greater variation (1.2 days yr^− 1) than did the SOS trends (0.5 days yr^− 1). The significant changes in EOS were associated mainly with soil moisture in autumn for shrub species. We should be cautious in using the relationship between EOS and SOS to simulate the EOS in models because their correlation is statistically significant only for a small subset of species. This study highlights a greater variability of autumn phenological changes in grassland and desert ecosystems and reveals the critical contributions of spring daytime temperature and autumn soil moisture to phenological changes. We recommend considering the divergent autumn phenological responses to climate factors, especially soil moisture, among plant life forms and species in terrestrial ecosystem models by improving the model structure and involving species-specific parameters.

Thermal requirements is a tool to predict plant leaf development. This study aimed to estimate the cardinal temperatures and phyllochron for the foliar development of seedlings from four neotropical forest species native to Brazilian biomes. An experiment was conducted using various sowing dates to provide a wide range of temperature regimes, to estimate the base (Tb), optimum (Topt), and maximum (TB) temperature and phyllochron of Handroanthus heptaphyllus, Tabebuia roseoalba, Ceiba speciosa, and Schinus terebinthifolia. The results indicated significant variations in the cardinal temperatures and phyllochron among the four species. The cardinal temperatures for leaf development for H. heptaphyllus, T. roseoalba, C. speciosa, and S. terebinthifolia were, respectively: (i) Tb: 11.3 °C, 10.0 °C, 11.5 °C and 9.8 °C; (ii) TB: 50.3 °C, 53.2 °C, 57.6 °C and 52.6 °C; and (iii) Topt: 24.3 °C, 24.5 °C, 22.7 °C and 24.8 °C. The H. heptaphyllus was more sensitive to extreme temperatures due to higher Tb values and lower TB values. Furthermore, disparities were observed between species and sowing times concerning the determination of the phyllochron, ranging from 88.5 (H. heptaphyllus) to 298.4 (C. speciosa) °C day^− 1, indicating that differences in the early development behavior of these species. These provide important insights into seedlings of neotropical biological and ecological aspects and enhance our understanding of crucial parameters for modelling vegetal development. This study successfully estimates the cardinal temperatures and phyllochron for foliar development of four important forest species native to Brazilian biomes, thereby contributing to the knowledge base of forestry research.

Global temperatures are gradually increasing, and people are facing the risk of thermal injury when exercising in hot outdoor environments, and are especially susceptible to heatstroke when working in high temperature outdoor environments. Currently, most of the existing studies focus on the changes of human physiological parameters during exercise in hot environments, and there are limited studies on post-exercise recovery, and most of the studies on physiological parameters during the post-exercise recovery period have been conducted in indoor environments. In this study, Participants performed different exercise intensities in a hot outdoor environment characterized by a Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) of 31 ± 0.28 ℃—a comprehensive thermal stress index that integrates ambient temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation to quantify heat-related physiological impact on humans. Participants moved at 5 km h⁻¹, 7 km h⁻¹, and 8 km h⁻¹ for moderate, high, and very high exercise. The experiment collected objective physiological parameters (heart rate, core temperature) continuously during the 20-minute pre-exercise rest period, throughout exercise, and 50-minute post-exercise recovery, as well as subjective thermal responses, which were assessed only before exercise initiation and immediately after exercise cessation. Additionally, the Physiological Strain Index (PSI) - a comprehensive metric integrating core temperature and heart rate to quantify human thermal strain on a 0–10 scale – was used to define post-exercise recovery completion (with PSI ≤ 2 as the recovery criterion). The results showed that the recovery time of moderate exercise was smaller than 5 min. In contrast, high-intensity and above exercises necessitate longer recovery periods. There was a strong correlation between core temperature at the conclusion of such exercises and the required recovery time. Based on this relationship, a predictive equation for recovery time was developed using core temperature at the end of exercise, achieving an R² value of 0.83. The results of this paper can provide recommendations for the length of recovery time for operators in high temperature environments, thus protecting the safety of operators.