"Radiation and Risk" Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry最新文献

{"title":"Software module for assessing the achievement of radiological equivalence (ROZA-RAO)","authors":"A. Menyajlo, S. Chekin, S. Lovachev, K. Tumanov, V. Ivanov","doi":"10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-4-21-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-4-21-33","url":null,"abstract":"The main problem of the large-scale development of nuclear energy in the world is the safe dis-posal of accumulated radioactive waste (RW). The hazard of RW at the time of their formation to human health far exceeds the hazard of the source natural uranium ore, after the use of which these wastes were formed. Due to the natural processes of radioactive decay, the hazard of radi-oactive waste decreases over time. The hazard of waste can also be reduced by artificial trans-mutation or incineration of the radionuclides that make up RW composition. For uranium nuclear fuel cycles, the natural reference level of RW hazard is the hazard level of the uranium ore, upon reaching which decisions can be made on the final disposal of RW. The article presents a meth-od for estimating the time of achieving radiological equivalence of the mass of accumulated RW of nuclear energy and the source mass of natural uranium raw materials used in this case. A de-scription of the software module \"Radiological support of protection – radioactive waste\" (PM ROZA-RAO), which implements this method, is also presented. Radiological equivalence herein refers to the equality of the corresponding radiation risks for the population. The methodology used is determined by the current recommendations of the International Commission on Radio-logical Protection (ICRP) and the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) on the calculation of human radiation risks from internal exposure based on equivalent doses in organs and tissues. The determination of equivalent doses to organs and tissues was based on dose coefficients of radioactive substances provided for widespread use by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Calculations by means of the PM ROZA-RAO showed that within the framework of the most likely scenario for the development of two-component nuclear energy system in Russia, for radioactive waste accumulated by 2100, the time of onset of radiological equivalence is less than 100 years (98.8 years). With the help of the developed software module, for the first time in the nuclear industry, the parameters of the processing of exposed nuclear fuel (the composition and activity of radionuclides for controlled storage, combustion and transmutation) and the management of RW can be determined, minimizing the potential radiation risks of the population, which corresponds to the best practice of developed countries in the field of radiation protection.","PeriodicalId":6315,"journal":{"name":"\"Radiation and Risk\" Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85901269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined effects of chronic ionizing radiation and repeated laser exposure on cognitive functions of rats","authors":"O. Kolganova, O. Izmestyeva, V. Panfilova, L. Zhavoronkov","doi":"10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-1-40-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-1-40-48","url":null,"abstract":"Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) may have utility in the management of side effects of radiation therapy in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. Although evidence suggests that LLLT is safe treatment for HNC patients, more research is imperative and vigilance remains warranted to de-tect any potential adverse effects of LLLT on treatment outcomes and survival of HNC patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of transcranial low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) in combined with whole-body ionizing radiation (IR) on conditioned-reflex activity of rats. Seventy healthy Wistar female rats were distributed into the following groups: Group 1, sham control; Group 2, LLLI; Group 3, IR; Group 4, IR and LLLI. Group 3 and Group 4 chronically ex-posed to IR (30 days; 5,3+/-0,5 mGy/h; 3,7 Gy). Group 2 and Group 4 received five applications of LLLI, once a day for 15 min (wavelength 890 nm, the pulse duration was 100 ns, impulse fre-quency 10000 Hz, output power – 1,7 mW). Cognitive functions of the rats were tested using shut-tle-box avoidance method. The rats were tested 30 minutes later, 24 hours later, and 14 days af-ter the end of LLLI. LLLI and IR in isolated action (groups 2 and 3) did not significantly affect the conditioned reflex activity of rats. The negative effect of combined exposure to these factors (group 4) on the development and reproduction of an active avoidance reflex within 24 hours af-ter exposure was revealed. Gradually this negative effect weakened and within two weeks was leveled. Thus, the combined action of IR and LLLI may pose a potential danger to the cognitive function of the brain.","PeriodicalId":6315,"journal":{"name":"\"Radiation and Risk\" Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75692386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agrochemical aspects of the rehabilitation of radioactively contaminated flood meadows of the Bryansk region","authors":"S. F. Chesalin, E. V. Smolsky","doi":"10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-4-107-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-4-107-118","url":null,"abstract":"Natural fodder lands are a fodder base for livestock production in Bryansk region. The lands cover the area of 5500 km2, its greater part was contaminated with long-lived artificial radionuclides due to the Chernobyl accident. Therefore, there was a risk of contamination of the forage for dairy livestock with Cs-137 and its content in the grass would exceed the acceptable limit. Long after the Chernobyl accident the measures to remediate contaminated floodplains in Iput River in Novozybkovsky district of the Bryansk region for further use in feed production were examined. It was found that if Cs-137 contamination density exceeded 555 kBq/m2 the radionuclide content in the mass of air-dry wild grasses would be ≥5.5 times higher than the acceptable limit depending on a harvesting period. Due to the use of agrotechnical and organizational measures to improve the quality of radiation contaminated flood meadows the Cs-137 specific activity in air-dry cultivated grasses reduced by 10% as compared with the radionuclide activity in natural/wild grasses. The use of agrochemical measures for remediation of radiation contaminated flood meadows allowed to obtain air-dry masses of wild and cultivated grasses with the acceptable limit of Cs-137 radioactivity in fodders. The maximum effect was obtained when applying mineral fertilizers with a ratio of nitrogen to potassium as 1:2. Due to the use of correlation analysis it became made evident that the presence of nitrogen fertilizer increased Cs-137 specific activity in the fodder and there was the correlation between calendar years of the study and the amount of nitrogen fertilizers in soil. The correlation between the amount of nitrogen fertilizer in the soil and the specific activity of Cs-137 in the air-dry mass of natural and cultivated grasses during the years of 2003-2008 was strong and ranged from 0.76 to 0.85. In the study periods from 2009 to 2014, the impact of nitrogen fertilizer on the radionuclide specific activity in feed decreased regardless of the harvest period of natural and cultivated grasses. The correlation coefficient ranged from 0.38 to 0.58, the correlation strength was average. With the use of correlation analysis nitrogen fertilizers were found to increase the specific activity of Cs-137 in airdry grass mass, the correlation strength depends on calendar years of the study, it may be strong and average. Adding potassium fertilizer into soil negate the negative effect of nitrogen fertilizers. The use of radioactive floodplains as hay fields without the use of agrochemical measures is unacceptable. According to made calculations, the use of coarse fodder grown on radiation contaminated lands leads to milk contaminated with Cs-137 content that exceeds the limit established by standard.","PeriodicalId":6315,"journal":{"name":"\"Radiation and Risk\" Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81306834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The links between solar activity and smoke with trends in hematological malignancies in Russia","authors":"S. K. Pinaev, A. Chizhov, O. G. Pinaeva","doi":"10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-3-100-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-3-100-110","url":null,"abstract":"ematological malignancies, which include leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) and multiple myeloma, amount 6.6% of the global incidence of malignant ne-oplasms, and 4.7% in Russia. A significant number of studies indicate the involvement of envi-ronmental factors in the occurrence of hematological malignancies. The role of electromagnetic waves in the origin of NHL is indicated by data on the increased risk of developing them in occu-pations associated with electricity. Leukemia in children is positively associated with vehicle smoke. There are indications of a role in the emergence of HL of tobacco smoke. Previously, the authors established a links between the incidence of NHL and leukemia in cohorts of young chil-dren with the activity of the Sun, and in leukemia a correlation with the smoke of forest fires was also found. In this work has been investigated the relations between the trends in the incidence of hematological malignancies in the population of Russia in 1993-2018 with smoke and solar activity. There was a tendency towards an increase in the incidence of hematological malignancies (p<0.001) by 2.8% per year. The incidence of leukemia (p=0.004), NHL (p<0.001), and multiple myeloma (p<0.001) significantly increased. This trend is presumably related to the increase in the number of cars in the country. The incidence of HL, on the contrary, is characterized by a downward trend (p=0.019). A link was found between the activity of the Sun and the incidence of leukemia (r=0.708, p=0.010, lag 2 years), NHL (r=0.689, p=0.013, lag 2 years), multiple myeloma (r=0.657, p=0.020, lag 2 years) and LH (r=0.606, p=0.037, lag 7 years). The data obtained sug-gest a significant contribution of smoke and solar activity to the occurrence of hematological ma-lignancies in children and adults. Based on the role of environmentally related oxidative stress in oncogenesis, it is recommended for the prevention of hematological malignancies to consume a sufficient amount of vitamins, regularly include in the diet fresh vegetables, fruits, foods to stimulate autophagy and Transfer Factor.","PeriodicalId":6315,"journal":{"name":"\"Radiation and Risk\" Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86731249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empirical models for predicting the secondary metachronous tumor after chemoradiation therapy of the primary tumor in the clinical examination of cancer patients","authors":"E. L. Shunko, A. Vazhenin, N. Shanazarov","doi":"10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-1-74-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-1-74-82","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluation of the possibility of applying empirical models for predicting a secondary metachro-nous tumor after chemoradiation therapy of the primary tumor in order to increase the efficiency of cancer patients medical examination were presented. This is the retrospective research based on archived data of the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Center of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine (GBUZ «CHOKZO and YAM», Chelyabinsk). The subjects of the research are medical records, medical and radiation maps, electronic databases on chemoradiation therapy of cancer patients in BSSC «CHOKZO and YAM», unloading from the database on treatment of patients with PM ZOH for the period 1990-2015. The study group contained 168 patients after chemoradiation therapy and a control group of 300 patients after surgery of the primary tumor. Models for predic-tion of the secondary metachronous tumor were constructed with the use of the module «Analy-sis of survival STATISTICA» («Statistica Version 10.0.0.0») and multi-factor analysis (Cox model), all complications that led to changes in treatment (scheme, interval between courses) were taking into account. The compliance of the empirical model with the results of the study was tested by the chi-square criterion (²). On average, the patients received 2.83 courses of chemotherapy and 1.15 courses of radiation therapy, the duration of chemotherapy and radiation therapy was 3.37 months and 1.87 months respectively. The duration of the interval between treatments was 2.33 months and 1.30 months, respectively. Complications of chemoradiotherapy were reported in 80 patients (47.6%). Our empirical models for predicting the secondary metachronous tumor after chemoradiation therapy of the primary tumor demonstrated the highest probability of the sec-ondary metachronous tumor development in five time intervals: 3,804.09-4,564.91 days (10.42-12.51 years) for chemotherapy HR=2.14; risk 68.2%; for radiation therapy HR=2.00; risk 66.7%), 6,847.36-7,608.18 days (18.76-20.84 years; for chemotherapy HR=1.75; risk 63.6%; for radiation therapy HR=1.91; risk 65.6%), 7,608.18-8,369.00 days (20.84-22.93 years; for chemotherapy HR=1.71; risk 63.1%; for radiotherapy HR=1.67; risk 62.5%); 3,043.27-,3804.09 days (8.34-10.42 years; for radiotherapy HR=1.92; chance 65.9%; for chemotherapy HR=1.35; risk 57.45%) and 5,325.73-6,086.55 (14.59-16.67 years; for radiation therapy HR=2.00; risk 66.70%; for chemo-therapy HR=1.56; risk 60.94%). The knowledge of the timing of the second metachronous tumor after chemoradiation therapy of the primary tumor makes it possible to draw up more precisely and, if necessary, adjust the plan of outpatient observation individually for each cancerl patient after chemoradiation treatment of the first tumor.","PeriodicalId":6315,"journal":{"name":"\"Radiation and Risk\" Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91056773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation situation in the area of the State Scientific Centre \"Research Institute of Atomic Reactors\" before putting a multi-purpose fast neutron reactor into operation. Part 1. Terrestrial ecosystems","authors":"A. Panov, N. Isamov, V. Kuznetsov, P. N. Tsygvintsev, I. V. Geshel","doi":"10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-2-36-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-2-36-47","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents results of radiation survey of terrestrial (natural and agrarian) ecosystems in the 30-km zone around the State Scientific Centre \"Research Institute of Atomic Reactors\" (SSC RIAR, Institute) before the commissioning of the fast neutron reactor MBIR. Due to long-term emissions during the RIAR operation, 137Cs was mainly emitted into the environment. The most part of the radionuclide activity never extends beyond the border of the Institute sanitary protec-tion zone. In 2011 the average density contamination of the soil with 137Cs was 11.16.5 in the sanitary protection zone (0-5 km), 3.12.3 in the observation zone (5-12.5 km), 1.30.4 kBq/m2 in the influence zone (12.5-30 km). The 137Cs/90Sr ratio is maximum in the soil cover in the sanitary protection zone – 24.519.4; it is 8.26.8 in the observation zone and it is close to the level of global fallout – 2.00.5 in the influence zone. More than 90% of 137Cs is deposited in the 0-5 cm soil layer in forest and meadow cenoses and the radionuclide is deposited at a depth of up to 20 cm in a swamp. The highest 137Cs concentration was found in ecosystems components: in vege-tation in the RIAR sanitary protection zone and, to a greater extent, in forest litter. At the initial pe-riod of RIAR operation discharges of process water happened, a piece of land of 0.12 km2 was contaminated with 137Cs, 90Sr and 239,240Pu. Over the past 15 years (2005-2020), the density of soil contamination with 137Cs and 90Sr in RIAR zones of observation and influence has been decaying in accordance with the radioactive decay law. It means that no significant emissions from the In-stitute have been registered. The content of artificial radionuclides in agricultural products and foodstuffs of local production fully meets the established radiological standards and does not have a significant effect on the additional exposure of the population living near RIAR. To assess the impact of the SSC “RIAR\" activities on the environment and to assess the radiation safety of the MBIR after putting it in operation, a forecast of 137Cs and 90Sr contamination levels in soils of terrestrial ecosystems within 30-km around the Institute until 2080 was made.","PeriodicalId":6315,"journal":{"name":"\"Radiation and Risk\" Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91185397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sixty years of manned space flight in the light of Russian legislation in the field of radiation safety. Basic principles in Russian manned flights. Part 2 (in the order of discussion)","authors":"V. A. Sakovich","doi":"10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-2-62-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-2-62-75","url":null,"abstract":"This article is the second of two interrelated ones, in which, in order to discuss from the point of view the basic principles of ensuring radiation safety, the 60-year evolution of the regulation of radiation safety of space flights (RSSF) and radiation safety in ground conditions is compared. The first article is devoted to the analysis of the implementation of basic principles in the recom-mendations of the ICRP and in Russian legislation. It is recognized that the principles played a positive methodological role, but at present the inclusion of their wording in legal and regulatory documents seems unnecessary to the author. In this article, a detailed analysis of documents regulating the RSSF and the implementation of the basic principles in them is carried out. It is concluded that the concept of risk is more fully used in relation to RSSF and even standards have been adopted for its calculation. It is argued that the arguments proposed to reduce dose limits for near-Earth flights contradict basic principles. The need for such a reduction is denied. It is proposed to carry out the planned changes of FL of RSP and NRS in relation to various conditions and circumstances of exposure, including to allocate RSSF in FL RSP as a special area of regulation.","PeriodicalId":6315,"journal":{"name":"\"Radiation and Risk\" Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81452933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of fluorescence diagnosis and photodynamic therapy in A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre","authors":"O. E. Popovkina, V. Kapinus, E. V. Yaroslavtseva-Isaeva, I. S. Spichenkova, O. Borgul, Y. Romanko, S. A. Ivanov, A. Kaprin","doi":"10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-2-139-150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-2-139-150","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and fluorescence diagnosis is being extend-ed in Russia. A. Tsyb MRRC scientists headed by Professor M. Kaplan have conducted experi-mental studies of the photosensitizers (PS): Photochem, Photosens, Photolon, Photoditazin, Radachlorin, Photoran, belonged to different classes, estimated their therapeutic effectiveness for malignant tumors of different histologic type. From the study of basic mechanisms of photo-chemical reactions with chlorine photosensitizers it became evident that the photosensitizers de-stroyed microciculatory bed, inhibited proliferation and tumor cells functional activity, induced apoptosis and necrosis at early stages of a tumor development. Effects of PS dosage and dose of light to be delivered to a target on a treatment outcome were studied. The results of experi-mental studies were used to support clinical application of focal, interstitial, systemic techniques with different PS as individual treatment modalities or as a modality combined with radiation therapy, surgery, chemotherapy, electrochemical lysis. Optimal PS and light exposure doses were determined, indications for the use of optimal PS and light doses for treatment of malignant neoplasms of the skin and the mucous membranes were formulated. Due to the use of high-tech effective treatment modalities developed in the Department of Fluorescence Diagnosis and Pho-todynamic Therapy of A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Centre – the branch of the Medical Research Radiological Centre thousands of patients have been cured.","PeriodicalId":6315,"journal":{"name":"\"Radiation and Risk\" Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81655948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiolabeled somatostatin analogs for cancer treatment. Review","authors":"V. Tishchenko, V. Petriev, V. Krylov, O. Vlasova, P. Shegai, S. A. Ivanov, A. Kaprin","doi":"10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-2-76-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-2-76-96","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, a specific action on tumor cells with minimal toxicity to healthy tissues is the main re-quirement for radionuclide therapy of cancer. The molecular target of selective antitumor therapy is determined by somatostatin receptors (SSTR) overexpression in various tumors and its metas-tases. Natural somatostatin cannot be used as a vector molecule for radionuclide delivery due to its short half-life in blood (1-3 min). Synthetic peptide somatostatin analogs labeled with thera-peutic radionuclides (radiopeptides) also have high affinity to SSTR and better pharmacokinetics compared to somatostatin and therefore they are of great interest for targeted cancer therapy, al-so called peptide-receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). The data about the most important to date somatostatin analogs labeled with In-111, Y-90, Lu-177 radionuclides for therapy of tumors over-expressing SSTR is presented. The results of treatment efficacy and toxicity profile of PRRT, which is administered with various generations of targeting SSTR radiopharmaceuticals, includ-ing the randomized controlled trial NETTER-1, is reviewed. In addition, some strategies for opti-mization of PRRT such as tandem therapy, intra-arterial administration of radiopharmaceuticals, their modification for better pharmacokinetic properties, and the development of new compounds containing alfa-emitting radionuclides or SSTR antagonist analogs are discussed.","PeriodicalId":6315,"journal":{"name":"\"Radiation and Risk\" Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80290574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the problem of impaired binding of corticosteroids to blood plasma proteins in the pathogenesis of acute radiation sickness","authors":"N. N. Omelchuk","doi":"10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-3-131-138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21870/0131-3878-2022-31-3-131-138","url":null,"abstract":"The study of violations of the binding of corticosteroids to blood plasma proteins in acute radia-tion syndrome allows us to clarify the mechanisms and patterns of pathological changes in the hormonal level of the body in the pathogenesis of acute radiation sickness. The relevance of the study is determined by the current risks of new man-made disasters and the threat to radiation safety. The results of the study make it possible to expand a number of theoretical positions of radiobiology on the main regularities of the binding of corticosteroids to blood plasma proteins, taking into account its various fractions, which make it possible to determine the role of free corticoids in the hormonal effect in acute radiation sickness. The purpose of this work is to study the main patterns of binding of corticosteroids to blood plasma proteins in the pathogenesis of acute radiation sickness in animals. The experiments were carried out on 20 male rabbits and 475 outbred rats. Previously experimental animals were adapted to the conditions of the experiment. The total gamma-irradiation of animals was carried out on the EGO-2 unit at an average dose rate of 575 R/min. Rabbits were irradiated at a dose of 8 Gy, rats at a dose of 8,5 Gy. The total content of 11-OCS was determined by the fluorimetric method in the author's modification. The amount of free corticosteroids was determined by the difference in their content in whole plasma and in its pro-tein fraction after separation on Sephadex G-25. Results have been obtained demonstrating changes in the fractional composition of 11-OCS in blood plasma in the pathogenesis of acute radiation sickness in animals with mono- and biphasic curves of adrenocortical response to irra-diation. Disturbances in the binding of corticosteroids to blood plasma proteins were found, resulting in an increase in free, biologically active hormones in the midst of radiation sickness. The presence in the blood plasma of non-protein-bound and therefore more mobile steroids can cause a hypercorticoid state with normal or even reduced levels of hormones in the blood. The long-term effect of \"hidden\" hypercortisolism, therefore, may be a factor that aggravates the clinical course of acute radiation sickness.","PeriodicalId":6315,"journal":{"name":"\"Radiation and Risk\" Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75966708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}