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Orchestration Procedures for the Network Intelligence Stratum in 6G Networks 6G网络中网络智能层业务流程
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit58263.2023.10188297
L. Chatzieleftheriou, M. Gramaglia, M. Camelo, Andres Garcia-Saavedra, E. Kosmatos, Michele Gucciardo, Paola Soto, G. Iosifidis, L. Fuentes, Gines Garcia-Aviles, Andra Lutu, Gabriele Baldoni, M. Fiore
The quest for autonomous mobile networks introdu-ces the need for fully native support for Network Intelligence (NI) algorithms, typically based on Artificial Intelligence tools like Machine Learning, which shall be gathered into a NI stratum. The NI stratum is responsible for the full automation of the NI operation in the network, including the management of the life-cycle of NI algorithms, in a way that is synergic with traditional network management and orchestration framework. In this regard, the NI stratum must accommodate the unique requirements of NI algorithms, which differ from the ones of, e.g., virtual network functions, and thus plays a critical role in the native integration of NI into current network architectures. In this paper, we leverage the recently proposed concept of Network Intelligence Orchestrator (NIO) to (i) define the specific requirements of NI algorithms, and (ii) discuss the procedures that shall be supported by an NIO sitting in the NI stratum to effectively manage NI algorithms. We then (iii) introduce a reference implementation of the NIO defined above using cloud-native open-source tools.
对自主移动网络的追求引入了对网络智能(NI)算法的完全本地支持的需求,这些算法通常基于机器学习等人工智能工具,这些工具将被收集到NI层中。NI层负责网络中NI操作的完全自动化,包括NI算法生命周期的管理,以与传统网络管理和编排框架协同的方式。在这方面,NI层必须适应NI算法的独特需求,这些需求不同于虚拟网络功能等,因此在将NI原生集成到当前网络架构中起着关键作用。在本文中,我们利用最近提出的网络智能编排器(NIO)的概念来(i)定义NI算法的具体要求,(ii)讨论位于NI层的NIO应支持的程序,以有效地管理NI算法。然后,我们(iii)使用云原生开源工具介绍上面定义的NIO的参考实现。
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引用次数: 0
6G BRAINS Topology-aware Industry-grade Network Slice Management and Orchestration 支持6G BRAINS拓扑感知的工业级网络切片管理和编排
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit58263.2023.10188280
João Fonseca, Mohamed Khadmaoui-Bichouna, Bruno Mendes, Paulo Duarte, Marco Araújo, Daniel Corujo, Ignacio Sanchez-Navarro, Antonio Matencio-Escolar, Pablo Salva-Garcia, J. Alcaraz-Calero, Q. Wang
This paper describes the integration between the Open Network Automation Platform (ONAP) and UWS Slice Manager within the European project 6G Brains. The proposed solution allows for End-To-End(E2E) Network Slicing, enabling fine-grain and optimal traffic engineering of the Network components. This work's findings ensure an E2E connection. The solution allows external services to create slices and attach them easily. The UWS Network Slice Manager allows for detailed monitoring of the network slice's inner components. With this information, ONAP can improve the network by creating and optimising slices on demand. The validation of the integration presents the workflow to create and attach slices. These operations enable autonomous workflows for deploying E2E Services that ensure the QoS/QoE in the network.
本文描述了欧洲6G Brains项目中开放网络自动化平台(ONAP)和UWS切片管理器之间的集成。提出的解决方案允许端到端(E2E)网络切片,实现网络组件的细粒度和最优流量工程。这项工作的发现确保了端到端连接。该解决方案允许外部服务轻松地创建切片并附加它们。UWS网络切片管理器允许详细监视网络切片的内部组件。有了这些信息,ONAP可以根据需要创建和优化片,从而改进网络。集成的验证显示了创建和附加切片的工作流。这些操作为部署端到端业务提供了自主工作流,保证了网络中的QoS/QoE。
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引用次数: 0
Reliable Sensor Data Gathering with Bluetooth Mesh: An Experimental Study 可靠的传感器数据采集与蓝牙网格:一个实验研究
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit58263.2023.10188321
Hasan Qaq, Omkar Kulkarni, Yuming Jiang
Bluetooth mesh is a recent addition to the IoT connectivity landscape. It provides a simple and efficient short-range wireless mesh networking solution. This paper evaluates the performance of a Bluetooth mesh-based IoT sensor data gath-ering network in a real-world office environment. It provides sug-gestions to improve the reliability of the data gathering process. Specifically, the effect of various Bluetooth mesh protocol-related and non-protocol-related parameters is evaluated. The protocol-related parameters explored in this paper include the Publish Retransmit Count (PRC), the Network Transmit Count (NTC), and the Relay Retransmit Count (RRC). The non-protocol-related parameters include the packet-sending randomization interval and the packet payload redundancy. Through extensive experiments, the results show that a high degree of reliability, 99%, can be achieved with a combined use of these parameters. These results provide insights and shed light on configuring a Bluetooth mesh network to achieve high reliability for sensor data gathering.
蓝牙mesh是物联网连接领域的新成员。它提供了一种简单高效的短距离无线网状网络解决方案。本文评估了基于蓝牙网格的物联网传感器数据采集网络在真实办公环境中的性能。提出了提高数据采集过程可靠性的建议。具体而言,评估了各种蓝牙mesh协议相关和非协议相关参数的影响。本文探讨的协议相关参数包括发布重传计数(PRC)、网络传输计数(NTC)和中继重传计数(RRC)。与协议无关的参数包括报文发送随机化间隔和报文负载冗余。通过大量的实验,结果表明,这些参数的组合使用可以达到99%的高可靠性。这些结果为配置蓝牙网状网络以实现传感器数据收集的高可靠性提供了见解和启示。
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引用次数: 0
Leveraging Wi-Fi 6 and MPTCP for Efficient and Reliable Real-Time Video Streaming in Safe Port Monitoring 利用Wi-Fi 6和MPTCP在安全港口监控中实现高效可靠的实时视频流
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit58263.2023.10188277
Andrea Gentili, H. Kokkoniemi-Tarkkanen, A. Heikkinen, M. Kasslin, M. Uusitalo
Continuous and reliable unlicensed wireless con-nectivity solutions could play a fundamental role in the next generation of ports. To provide secure and reliable video moni-toring, Automated Rubber- Tyred Gantry cranes (AutoRTGs) rely on wired cable reel connections. By adopting 5G technology, smart ports can eliminate the need for fixed wired connections in favour of low-latency wireless communication, allowing effective communication and control. However, occasionally it is better to leverage complementary wireless technologies to carry resource-intensive traffic like large amounts of video data in uplink (UL). As a result, Wi-Fi is being considered as a potential solution. Wireless networks are widely utilized for their quick installation and simplicity. However, the presence of multiple unlicensed Wireless Access Networks could impact the wireless connection performance due to the possibility of channel interference. This paper studies how the utilization of a Multipath Trans-mission Control Protocol (MPTCP) wireless system can serve as an alternative to a fixed fiber cable reel. To minimize the latency, we propose the simultaneous use of two Wi-Fi 6 networks and MPTCP's redundant scheduler to send video streams from the crane to a remote control center (RCC) desk. We compare different wired and wireless topology alternatives to assess the most reliable network configuration when the AutoRTG is in operation. Thus, we evaluate each topology with dynamic quality of service (QoS) measurements. We find that duplicating packets with MPTCP over two Wi-Fi 6 networks allows for stable and reliable low-latency video streaming, even in instances where one of the networks experiences sudden high delay peaks. Finally, we discuss how the utilization of Wi-Fi and MPTCP can be a choice to support and complement 5G in situations with heavy uplink traffic.
连续可靠的无授权无线连接解决方案可能在下一代端口中发挥基础性作用。为了提供安全可靠的视频监控,自动橡胶轮胎龙门起重机(AutoRTGs)依靠有线电缆卷筒连接。通过采用5G技术,智能端口可以消除对固定有线连接的需求,转而采用低延迟的无线通信,从而实现有效的通信和控制。但是,有时最好利用互补的无线技术来承载资源密集型流量,例如上行链路(UL)中的大量视频数据。因此,Wi-Fi被认为是一种潜在的解决方案。无线网络因其快速安装和简单而被广泛使用。然而,多个未经授权的无线接入网的存在可能会影响无线连接的性能,因为通道干扰的可能性。本文研究了如何利用多路径传输控制协议(MPTCP)无线系统来替代固定光纤电缆盘。为了最大限度地减少延迟,我们建议同时使用两个Wi-Fi 6网络和MPTCP的冗余调度程序将视频流从起重机发送到远程控制中心(RCC)台。我们比较了不同的有线和无线拓扑方案,以评估AutoRTG运行时最可靠的网络配置。因此,我们用动态服务质量(QoS)度量来评估每个拓扑。我们发现,在两个Wi-Fi 6网络上使用MPTCP复制数据包可以实现稳定可靠的低延迟视频流,即使在其中一个网络经历突然的高延迟峰值的情况下也是如此。最后,我们讨论了如何利用Wi-Fi和MPTCP在上行流量大的情况下支持和补充5G。
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引用次数: 0
Waveforms for sub-THz 6G: Design Guidelines sub-THz 6G的波形:设计指南
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit58263.2023.10188254
Muris Sarajli'c, N. Tervo, A. Pärssinen, Le-Hang Nguyen, H. Halbauer, Kilian Roth, Vaidyanathan Kumar, T. Svensson, Ahmad Nimr, Stephan Zeitz, Meik Dörpinghaus, G. Fettweis
The projected sub-THz (100 - 300 GHz) part of the upcoming 6G standard will require a careful design of the waveform and choice of slot structure. Not only that the design of the physical layer for 6G will be driven by ambitious system performance requirements, but also hardware limitations, specific to sub-THz frequencies, pose a fundamental design constraint for the waveform. In this contribution, general guidelines for the waveform design are given, together with a non-exhaustive list of exemplary waveforms that can be used to meet the design requirements.
即将到来的6G标准中预计的次太赫兹(100 - 300 GHz)部分将需要仔细设计波形和选择插槽结构。不仅6G物理层的设计将受到雄心勃勃的系统性能要求的驱动,而且特定于次太赫兹频率的硬件限制也对波形构成了基本的设计约束。在这篇文章中,给出了波形设计的一般准则,以及可用于满足设计要求的示例波形的非详尽列表。
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引用次数: 1
Simulation of Data Hijacking Attacks for a 5G-Advanced Core Network 5g高级核心网数据劫持攻击仿真
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit58263.2023.10188298
Seungchan Woo, Jaehyoung Park, Soonhong Kwon, Kyungmin Park, Jong-Hoi Kim, Jong-Hyouk Lee
The5G mobile communication technology provides a faster transmission speed, larger bandwidth, and the ability to connect a greater number of devices than 4G. However, ensuring the successful transition to 5G-Advanced requires addressing various security vulnerabilities and threats. It is imperative in 5G-Advanced and higher mobile communications to address the security risks that have arisen in current mobile communication systems. In this paper, we perform a simulation of scenario-based data hijacking attacks for a 5G-Advanced core network. The conducted simulation results demonstrate that two different data hijacking attacks are possible, with sensitive information being vulnerable to exploitation through security weaknesses such as the lack of encryption for internal communication and inadequate authentication of internal components in the 5G-Advanced core network.
5g移动通信技术提供了比4G更快的传输速度、更大的带宽以及连接更多设备的能力。然而,确保向5G-Advanced的成功过渡需要解决各种安全漏洞和威胁。在5G-Advanced及更高级别的移动通信中,必须解决当前移动通信系统中出现的安全风险。在本文中,我们对5G-Advanced核心网络的基于场景的数据劫持攻击进行了模拟。模拟结果表明,两种不同的数据劫持攻击是可能的,5G-Advanced核心网内部通信缺乏加密、内部组件认证不充分等安全漏洞导致敏感信息容易被利用。
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引用次数: 0
D-Band Antenna and Array Designs for 5G Applications 面向5G应用的d波段天线和阵列设计
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit58263.2023.10188240
A. Lamminen, M. Kaunisto, J. Säily, M. Kantanen, Mario Schober, Alberto Chico, J. Ala-Laurinaho, V. Ermolov
This paper presents the design, manufacturing and characterization of a parasitic patch microstrip D-band antenna and a 16-element segmented antenna array on a multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) targeted for 5G applications. The antennas are manufactured using printed circuit board technology with semi-additive processing (mSAP) of conductors on a multilayered substrate. The measured maximum gains for a single antenna and a 16-element array are respectively 9 dBi and 16.5 dBi at 157 GHz. The measured antenna array input matching bandwidth is 20 GHz.
本文介绍了一种针对5G应用的寄生贴片微带d波段天线和一种基于多层印刷电路板(PCB)的16元分段天线阵列的设计、制造和表征。天线采用印刷电路板技术,在多层衬底上采用半增材加工(mSAP)的导体制造。在157 GHz频率下,单天线和16元阵列的最大增益分别为9 dBi和16.5 dBi。测得的天线阵列输入匹配带宽为20 GHz。
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引用次数: 0
Edge Intelligence in 5G and Beyond Aeronautical Network with LEO Satellite Backhaul 基于低轨道卫星回程的5G及以上航空网络中的边缘智能
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit58263.2023.10188250
Babak Mafakheri, Chao Yan, Kiran Narayanaswamy, Isabelle Trang, Tobias Betz, Konrad Pientka, L. Goratti
The vision of ubiquitous network connectivity to fuel uninterrupted services to any user has materialized with the Fifth-Generation (5G) of mobile technology and will probably find maturity on the way to developing 6G. To reach this goal, 5G technology and its evolution (B5G), as well as Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC), alongside Machine Learning (ML) will play pivotal roles. This work sheds light onto a test bed development and initial experimentation results obtained to enable airlines' passengers on-board an aircraft with broadband connectivity as an advancement toward ubiquitous access. We detail our research and experimentation activity as part of the H2020 AI@EDGE research project around a 5G network and an edge-cloud built on top of aviation-certified hardware and off-the-shelf servers. The edge-cloud is used to develop and test MEC applications that can be seen as the next generation of services offered to airlines and to airlines' passengers and that rely on machine learning. The 5G network is integrated into a larger test-bed and connected to a 5G core on the ground by means of a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite backhaul such as Starlink.
无处不在的网络连接为任何用户提供不间断服务的愿景已经随着第五代(5G)移动技术的实现而实现,并可能在发展6G的过程中走向成熟。为了实现这一目标,5G技术及其演进(B5G)、多接入边缘计算(MEC)以及机器学习(ML)将发挥关键作用。这项工作揭示了测试平台的开发和初步实验结果,使航空公司的乘客能够在飞机上使用宽带连接,这是向无处不在的接入迈进的一步。作为H2020 AI@EDGE研究项目的一部分,我们详细介绍了我们的研究和实验活动,该项目围绕5G网络和基于航空认证硬件和现成服务器构建的边缘云。边缘云用于开发和测试MEC应用程序,这些应用程序可以被视为提供给航空公司和航空公司乘客的下一代服务,并且依赖于机器学习。5G网络被集成到一个更大的试验台,并通过低地球轨道(LEO)卫星回程(如Starlink)与地面的5G核心相连。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic and Quality-aware Network Slice Management in 5G Testbeds 5G试验台的动态和质量感知网络切片管理
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit58263.2023.10188347
Vincent Charpentier, Nina Slamnik-Kriještorac, J. Brenes, A. Gavrielides, Marius Iordache, Georgios Tsiouris, Xiangyu Lian, J. Márquez-Barja
The proliferation of 5G technology is enabling vertical industries to improve their day-to-day operations by leveraging enhanced Quality of Service (QoS). One of the key enablers for such 5G performance is network slicing, which allows telco operators to logically split the network into various virtualized networks, whose configuration and thus performance can be tailored to verticals and their low-latency and high throughput requirements. However, given the end-to-end perspective of 5G ecosystems where slicing needs to be applied on all network segments, including radio, edge, transport, and core, managing the deployment of slices is becoming excessively demanding. There are also various verticals with strict requirements that need to be fulfilled. Thus, in this paper, we focus on the solution for dynamic and quality-aware network slice management and orchestration, which is simultaneously orchestrating network slices that are deployed on top of the three 5G testbeds built for transport and logistics use cases. The slice orchestration system is dynamically interacting with the testbeds, while at the same time monitoring the real-time performance of allocated slices, which is triggering decisions to either allocate new slices or reconfigure the existing ones. In this paper, we illustrate the scenarios where dynamic provisioning of slices is required in one of the testbeds while taking into account specific latency/throughput/location requirements coming from the verticals and their end users.
5G技术的普及使垂直行业能够利用增强的服务质量(QoS)来改善其日常运营。实现这种5G性能的关键因素之一是网络切片,它允许电信运营商在逻辑上将网络分成各种虚拟网络,这些虚拟网络的配置和性能可以根据垂直行业及其低延迟和高吞吐量的要求进行定制。然而,考虑到5G生态系统的端到端视角,切片需要应用于所有网段,包括无线电、边缘、传输和核心,管理切片的部署变得过于苛刻。还有各种需要满足严格要求的垂直领域。因此,在本文中,我们将重点关注动态和质量感知网络切片管理和编排的解决方案,该解决方案同时协调部署在为运输和物流用例构建的三个5G测试台上的网络切片。切片编排系统动态地与测试平台交互,同时监视分配的切片的实时性能,从而触发分配新切片或重新配置现有切片的决策。在本文中,我们演示了需要在一个测试平台中动态提供片的场景,同时考虑到来自垂直行业及其最终用户的特定延迟/吞吐量/位置需求。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-Feature Physical Layer Authentication for URLLC based on Linear Supervised Learning 基于线性监督学习的URLLC多特征物理层认证
Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.1109/EuCNC/6GSummit58263.2023.10188303
A. Weinand, C. Lipps, Michael Karrenbauer, H. Schotten
Physical Layer Authentication (PLA) can be a lightweight alternative to conventional security schemes such as certificates or Message Authentication Codes (MACs) for secure message transmission within Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) scenarios. Single features such as Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) are however not providing sufficient authentication accuracy. Therefore, multi-feature techniques for PLA are introduced within this work and evaluated using a Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) based testbed in a mobile URLLC campus network scenario. Linear supervised classification is proposed for PLA and evaluated under different attacker scenarios. The results show promising authentication performances in most of the evaluated senarions and can be increased by the application of multi-feature authentication.
物理层认证(PLA)可以是传统安全方案(如证书或消息认证码(mac))的轻量级替代方案,用于在超可靠低延迟通信(URLLC)场景中安全消息传输。然而,接收信号强度指示器(RSSI)等单一功能不能提供足够的身份验证准确性。因此,在本工作中引入了PLA的多特征技术,并在移动URLLC校园网场景中使用基于通用软件无线电外设(USRP)的测试平台进行了评估。提出了基于聚乳酸的线性监督分类方法,并在不同攻击场景下进行了评估。结果表明,在大多数评估场景中,认证性能都很好,并且可以通过应用多特征认证来提高认证性能。
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引用次数: 0
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公共管理高层论坛
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