Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society最新文献

This study explores the hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of novel, green, reusable aluminium metal–organic aerogels (Al-MOAs) designed for wastewater treatment. Using aluminium nitrate nonahydrate as metal precursor, glutaric acid and phloroglucinol as organic linkers, two aluminium metal–organic aerogels [Al-MOA (1) and Al-MOA (2)] were synthesized followed by thermal. The successful synthesis of aerogels was confirmed via IR, FE-SEM, EDX, and powder XRD analyses. The FE-SEM analysis revealed microporous surface favorable for Victoria blue dye adsorption and catalytic applications in phenol degradation. The effects of key parameters such as pH, time, and the concentration of Al-MOA (1) and (2) on dye adsorption efficiency were studied. The Al-MOAs also demonstrated catalytic efficiencies in phenol degradation indicating potential in wastewater treatment. Optimal adsorption efficiency was observed at 3 pH demonstrating 99% dye removal by Al-MOA (1). Additionally, in dye adsorption, Al-MOA (1) and (2) highlighting the potential for multiple reuse cycles, thus offering a sustainable, green, cost-effective approach towards wastewater treatment. This study contributes to the development of advanced, non-toxic, insoluble, reusable, sustainable solutions for wastewater treatment utilizing metal–organic aerogels.

Graphical Abstract

Favipiravir (FAV) is an antiviral drug that was recently approved for the management of COVID-19 infection. This work aimed to develop a validated sensitive method, using sensor based on porous reduced graphene oxide decorated with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-prGO) for the determination of FAV in pharmaceutical and biological samples. FE-SEM images showed that prGO nanosheets were decorated by flower-like ZnO nanoparticles with a diameter in the range of 23–63 nm found to be in good agreement with the reported XRD patterns. Electrochemical test showed that the ZnO-prGO modified carbon paste electrode (ZnO-prGO/CPE) had stronger electrochemical activity and higher effective real surface area than that of prGO/CPE and CPE toward FAV oxidation. Interestingly, ZnO-prGO/CPE indicated an excellent electrocatalytic activity for FAV. Under the optimal experimental conditions, a good linear in the concentration range of 0.05–15 μmol L⁻¹ with the low limit of detection (7.32 nmol L⁻¹) and high sensitivity (8.90 μA μmol L⁻¹) was achieved. Furthermore, the proposed sensor was successfully applied to the determination of FAV in tablets, plasma and urine. The unique physical structure of prGO-ZnO, as well as its chemical and electrical properties, make it ideal to use in sensor technologies.

The degradation of dyes in the wastewater from the industrial wastes has been an environment concern with the rapid industrialization of the economy, requiring the need for the development of dye degradation strategies. In the present work, we employed a facile sol–gel method for the synthesis of Cr-doped bismuth ferrite (BFO) nanoparticles. The as-prepared nanoparticles were exploited to degrade the Eosin-Y dye under visible light irradiation. The XRD measurement confirmed the formation of pure phase BiFeO₃ nanoparticles, with average crystallite size varying from 32.13 to 17.38 nm for pristine and 5% Cr-doped BFO samples, respectively. The XPS measurements were performed to ascertained the chemical state of the elements present in the BFO sample. The band gap of BFO was observed to evolve from 2.12 to 2.18 eV with Cr doping, indicating high light absorbing capability particularly within the visible spectrum. SEM and TEM was used to examine the morphological characteristics of the prepared samples. The photocatalytic degradation of the Eosin-Y dye was investigated under visible light with the doped as well as the undoped samples. A highest photodegradation efficiency of 80.6% for the time period of 75 min have been achieved for the 5% Cr-doped BFO samples. This work provides a new insight for the application of Cr-doped BFO nanoparticles for the remediation of industrial wastewater.

The formation, accumulation, and deposition of proteins aggregates are fundamental pathological characteristics underlying various disease states. Thus, the discovery and development of innovative compounds capable of impeding amyloid formation and mitigating its associated toxicity represent a highly promising therapeutic strategy. This study focused on developing a series of 2‐Amino‐4‐(phenyl) ‐3‐cyano‐4H,5H-pyrano[3,2‐c] chromene‐5‐one derivatives as multitargeted directed ligands (MTDLs) for inhibition of amyloid aggregation. The compounds were evaluated for their capacity to hinder amyloid formation by hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL), a well-established model protein for amyloid investigations. The inhibitory impact of the compounds was assessed through a range of methods, such as Congo red and Thioflavin T binding assays, atomic force microscopy, and cell-based cytotoxicity assays. The results provide compelling evidence that all tested compounds effectively inhibit HEWL amyloid fibril formation and reduce its associated cytotoxicity with different efficiencies. Our investigation reveals those hydrophobic substituents, such as -O-Methyl and -NO₂, significantly enhance the inhibitory potential of our compound's basic structure, while the presence of -Br diminishes it. Methoxy and nitro substituents exhibit a greater affinity for participating in hydrogen bonding, potentially leading to an augmented inhibitory efficacy when compared to bromo derivatives. The results highlight the importance of hydrophobicity, aromaticity, and hydrogen bonding capability in determining the amyloid inhibition activity exhibited by our compounds. These findings provide valuable insights for future rational designs of amyloid inhibitors for potential therapeutic interventions in amyloid-associated diseases.

The development of natural adsorbents that are abundant, cost-effective, and efficient for the treatment of ecosystems is a significant challenge. In this study, the sorption of Congo red, as a toxic dye, from aqueous media was investigated using an Algerian clay sample from the western town of Maghnia as a low-cost adsorbent that has undergone simple purification. Different parameters such as contact time (5–120 min), initial dye concentration (5–20 mg/L), solution pH (4–12), adsorbent weight (10–100 mg), and temperature (15–50 °C) have been investigated. The equilibrium (9.8 mg g⁻¹) was obtained for a contact time of 60 min, and the maximum sorption occurred at pH 8.5. The adsorption kinetic followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a high degree of correlation coefficient (R² = 0.99). The adsorption isotherm showed an appropriate fit to the Freundlich model. Thermodynamic investigations revealed that the adsorption process is feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic. These results demonstrate that Algerian clay can be employed as a low-cost alternative for the removal of recalcitrant dyes from industrial wastewater.

Acarbose, miglitol and voglibose are α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitors that are clinically used to treat type-II diabetes mellitus. However, they are also associated with several adverse side effects. In this study, a series of sulfonamide-substituted coumarin was synthesised in a three-step reaction from precursor, 2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxylic acid. The structure of all synthesised compounds was confirmed using NMR, FTIR and LCMS analysis and found to be in good agreement with the calculated values. Synthesised coumarin derivatives were screened for their in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Besides compound 8, 15 compounds demonstrated good to excellent inhibitory activity with the IC₅₀ values ranging from 40.6 to 2021 µM as compared to acarbose (IC₅₀ = 3410 ± 1.54 µM). A structure–activity relationship was established to form correlation of the substituents effect with inhibitory activity. It was found that chlorine substituent played an important role in the activity compared to other halogen substituents. Derivatives showing inhibition activity were subjected to docking studies to identify the binding modes contributing towards the inhibition activity.

Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds (NCHCs) have an important role in the field of medicinal chemistry due to their extensive biological activities and their prevalence in natural compounds, pharmaceuticals, and materials science. Here, we have reviewed the recent advancements in the formulation of NCHCs via multicomponent reactions (MCRs). These reactions, which allow the efficient and eco-friendly formulation of complex molecules, have revolutionized the synthesis of heterocycles such as triazoles, imidazoles, pyrazoles, pyrimidines, and pyridazines. This review has further emphasized the key MCR strategies, including the Biginelli, Ugi, Hantzsch, and Passerini reactions, highlighting their mechanisms, scope, and applications in drug discovery. Finally, we have emphasized the biological evaluation of synthesized NCHCs possessing several pharmacological features like antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, neurological, and analgesic activities. The synthesis of specific NCHC scaffolds and their structure–activity relationships are also explored, emphasizing the significance of these compounds in the development of novel therapeutics.

A novel dispersive magnetic micro-solid-phase extraction (DM-µ-SPE) method based on the magnetic NiFe₂O₄ polyamidoamine dendrimers modified with deep eutectic solvent sorbent has been developed for the extraction of naproxen and nabumetone. The extracted analytes were quantified by a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with UV detection at 280 nm. The linearity was in the range of 1–400 µg L⁻¹ for naproxen and 3–400 µg L⁻¹ for nabumetone. The developed DM-µ-SPE/HPLC–UV method has been characterized by excellent intra- and inter-day repeatability of 2.3, 3.3, and 2.5, 4.0%, respectively, for naproxen and nabumetone at the concentration level of 70.0 µg L⁻¹ (n = 5). Enhancement factors of 157.7 and 151.8 and limit of detections of 0.15 µg L⁻¹ and 0.26 µg L⁻¹ for naproxen and nabumetone were achieved, respectively. The sorption isotherm study illustrated that the experimental data of NAP fitted better to the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum monolayer sorption capacity of 76.92 mg g⁻¹, while the NAB data fitted to the Temkin isotherm model. The method was successfully applied to the determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug analytes in water and milk samples.

Alpha-lipoic acid (LA) has become a common ingredient in multivitamin formulas, anti-aging supplements, and even pet food. It is well defined as a therapy for preventing diabetic polyneuropathies, scavenges free radicals, chelates metals, and restores intracellular glutathione levels which otherwise decline with age.

Sodium zinc histidine dithiooctanamide (DHL-HisZn_Na) is a water-soluble substance, with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, similar to α-lipoic acid with histidine bound to α-lipoic acid and zinc chelated with sulfur atoms. DHL-HisZn_Na slowly loses its stability under dry conditions in the dark and under refrigeration. Purification is essential for use after long-term storage. In this study, ethanol crystallization and suspension methods were utilized in development for the first time as purification methods for DHL-HisZn_Na.