Pub Date : 2022-07-28DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.60714
L. Bernardi, Laynna de Carvalho Schweich-Adami, Edwin José Torres de Oliveira, A. Baranoski, R. Oliveira, Andreia Conceição Milan Brochado Antoniolli da Silva
The application of quality control tests, such as the comet assay, are essential when adipose-derived stem cells are cultured for therapeutic purposes. However, the steps involved in the development of this assay should be investigated, in order to reduce their influence on genomic damage in cells. The study aimed to evaluate if the cell culture process causes DNA damage, and if variations in the lysis time and pH of the electrophoresis buffer interfere in the genotoxicity results. Four different comet assay protocols were evaluated, and the effects of lysis time and pH conditions of the electrophoresis buffer solution were stated as follows: 2 hours and pH 12; 24 hours and pH 12; 2 hours and pH ≥ 13 and 24 hours and pH ≥ 13. The tail moment was analyzed, and results indicated that at the time cells were detached from the flasks, there was little damage to the DNA in the adipose-derived stem cells, which was confirmed by evaluation of the expression of mRNA genes involved in damage and repair processes of genetic material. Also, the tail moment values did not show significant differences among the four evaluated protocols (p < 0.05), with no indication of damage when compared to the positive control (p < 0.05). Thus, any of the tested protocols can be applied in genotoxicity tests with adipose-derived stem cells, without causing damage to them.
{"title":"Cell culture and variations in the comet assay do not affect the genomic integrity of adipose-derived stem cells","authors":"L. Bernardi, Laynna de Carvalho Schweich-Adami, Edwin José Torres de Oliveira, A. Baranoski, R. Oliveira, Andreia Conceição Milan Brochado Antoniolli da Silva","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.60714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.60714","url":null,"abstract":"The application of quality control tests, such as the comet assay, are essential when adipose-derived stem cells are cultured for therapeutic purposes. However, the steps involved in the development of this assay should be investigated, in order to reduce their influence on genomic damage in cells. The study aimed to evaluate if the cell culture process causes DNA damage, and if variations in the lysis time and pH of the electrophoresis buffer interfere in the genotoxicity results. Four different comet assay protocols were evaluated, and the effects of lysis time and pH conditions of the electrophoresis buffer solution were stated as follows: 2 hours and pH 12; 24 hours and pH 12; 2 hours and pH ≥ 13 and 24 hours and pH ≥ 13. The tail moment was analyzed, and results indicated that at the time cells were detached from the flasks, there was little damage to the DNA in the adipose-derived stem cells, which was confirmed by evaluation of the expression of mRNA genes involved in damage and repair processes of genetic material. Also, the tail moment values did not show significant differences among the four evaluated protocols (p < 0.05), with no indication of damage when compared to the positive control (p < 0.05). Thus, any of the tested protocols can be applied in genotoxicity tests with adipose-derived stem cells, without causing damage to them.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86659855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-28DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59923
C. Silva, Juan Ruiz-Esparza, C. Azevedo, Adauto de Souza Ribeiro
The Serra de Itabaiana National Park (PARNASI) is known as an important conservation area in the ecotone between the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga in Northeast Brazil and is one of the main areas of fauna and flora studies in Sergipe. For this reason, there are some studies on its avifauna, which date back to its creation in 2005. However, after 15 years of establishment of PARNASI, an update of the inventory of birds is necessary due to adjustments in the management of the park. The present study aimed to update the bird inventory of the Serra de Itabaiana National Park, chronologically comparing the new ornithological records obtained, aiming to contribute to the knowledge and conservation of Sergipe's avifauna. The data were compiled from scientific publications, personal files and from documented records on a specialized website. The resulting list includes 227 bird species belonging to 49 families, including Thraupidae (28 species; 12.4%), Tyrannidae (25 species; 11.1%) and Accipitridae (17 species; 7.5%) as the most representative. The most representative guilds were insectivorous (87 species; 38.3%) and omnivorous (60 species; 26.4%), and by species independent of the forest environment (87 species; 38.3%). Fourteen bird species are threatened with extinction. Nine species are endemic to the Caatinga biome, eight to the Atlantic Forest and one to the Cerrado. We added 104 species to the first checklist produced for the PARNASI created in 2005, including Nyctibius grandis (Nyctibiidae), a new record for the state of Sergipe. PARNASI's updated list of bird species allows for a better assessment of its effectiveness in the conservation of the local avifauna, facilitating management actions that allow the coexistence and perpetuation of species over time.
Serra de Itabaiana国家公园(PARNASI)是巴西东北部大西洋森林和Caatinga之间的一个重要保护区，也是Sergipe动植物研究的主要地区之一。出于这个原因，有一些关于它的鸟类的研究，这些研究可以追溯到2005年它的创建。然而，在PARNASI建立15年后，由于公园管理的调整，鸟类的库存更新是必要的。本研究旨在更新Serra de Itabaiana国家公园的鸟类种群，并按时间顺序比较新获得的鸟类记录，旨在为Sergipe鸟类的认识和保护做出贡献。这些数据是根据科学出版物、个人档案和一个专门网站上的记录汇编而成的。最终的名单包括49科227种鸟类，包括Thraupidae(28种);12.4%)，暴龙科(25种;11.1%)和棘蚊科(17种);(7.5%)，最具代表性。最具代表性的行会是食虫行会(87种);38.3%)和杂食性(60种;26.4%)，其次是独立于森林环境的种数(87种;38.3%)。14种鸟类濒临灭绝。9种是Caatinga生物群系特有的，8种是大西洋森林特有的，1种是塞拉多特有的。我们在2005年创建的第一个PARNASI清单中增加了104个物种，其中包括大Nyctibius (Nyctibius grandis)，这是Sergipe州的新记录。PARNASI更新的鸟类物种名单可以更好地评估其在保护当地鸟类方面的有效性，促进管理行动，允许物种共存和延续。
{"title":"Avifauna of the Serra de Itabaiana National Park revisited: additions and deletions in a period of 15 years","authors":"C. Silva, Juan Ruiz-Esparza, C. Azevedo, Adauto de Souza Ribeiro","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59923","url":null,"abstract":"The Serra de Itabaiana National Park (PARNASI) is known as an important conservation area in the ecotone between the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga in Northeast Brazil and is one of the main areas of fauna and flora studies in Sergipe. For this reason, there are some studies on its avifauna, which date back to its creation in 2005. However, after 15 years of establishment of PARNASI, an update of the inventory of birds is necessary due to adjustments in the management of the park. The present study aimed to update the bird inventory of the Serra de Itabaiana National Park, chronologically comparing the new ornithological records obtained, aiming to contribute to the knowledge and conservation of Sergipe's avifauna. The data were compiled from scientific publications, personal files and from documented records on a specialized website. The resulting list includes 227 bird species belonging to 49 families, including Thraupidae (28 species; 12.4%), Tyrannidae (25 species; 11.1%) and Accipitridae (17 species; 7.5%) as the most representative. The most representative guilds were insectivorous (87 species; 38.3%) and omnivorous (60 species; 26.4%), and by species independent of the forest environment (87 species; 38.3%). Fourteen bird species are threatened with extinction. Nine species are endemic to the Caatinga biome, eight to the Atlantic Forest and one to the Cerrado. We added 104 species to the first checklist produced for the PARNASI created in 2005, including Nyctibius grandis (Nyctibiidae), a new record for the state of Sergipe. PARNASI's updated list of bird species allows for a better assessment of its effectiveness in the conservation of the local avifauna, facilitating management actions that allow the coexistence and perpetuation of species over time.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89972649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-27DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58431
Leandro Gonçalves Leite, Raquel Stefanello, L. Essi
Hesperozygis ringens (Lamiaceae), popularly known as espanta-pulga, is a threatened species endemic to rocky and sandy regions of the Pampa biome. One factor that can influence the low number of individuals of a species is a low seed germination rate influenced by temperature and/or light. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of light and temperature on the seed germination of H. ringens. The seeds of two lots were sown on a paper substrate and maintained in BOD chambers at temperatures of 15, 20, 25 and 30ºC in the presence and absence of light. The germination speed rate was evaluated every 3 days for 21 days. The experiment was completely randomized with treatments that had a 4 x 2 factorial design. The first visible sign (protrusion of the primary root) of germination was observed seven days after sowing. Germination occurred both in the presence and absence of light and the lowest temperatures significantly influenced the germination process and germination speed. For germinating the species, 15°C was the most favorable temperature compared to 20, 25 and 30°C. It can be concluded that a temperature of 15ºC favors the germination process of H. ringens seeds, which are insensitive to light.
{"title":"Seed germination of Hesperozygis ringens (Benth.) Epling, an endemic and threatened species","authors":"Leandro Gonçalves Leite, Raquel Stefanello, L. Essi","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58431","url":null,"abstract":"Hesperozygis ringens (Lamiaceae), popularly known as espanta-pulga, is a threatened species endemic to rocky and sandy regions of the Pampa biome. One factor that can influence the low number of individuals of a species is a low seed germination rate influenced by temperature and/or light. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of light and temperature on the seed germination of H. ringens. The seeds of two lots were sown on a paper substrate and maintained in BOD chambers at temperatures of 15, 20, 25 and 30ºC in the presence and absence of light. The germination speed rate was evaluated every 3 days for 21 days. The experiment was completely randomized with treatments that had a 4 x 2 factorial design. The first visible sign (protrusion of the primary root) of germination was observed seven days after sowing. Germination occurred both in the presence and absence of light and the lowest temperatures significantly influenced the germination process and germination speed. For germinating the species, 15°C was the most favorable temperature compared to 20, 25 and 30°C. It can be concluded that a temperature of 15ºC favors the germination process of H. ringens seeds, which are insensitive to light.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89343147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-27DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58697
A. Ferreira, D. C. Melo, J. Branco
The Bare-faced Ibis is a gregarious bird found in South America. In the face of a rapid expansion in a southern state in Brazil and a lack of detailed information about the species' reproduction, two breeding areas were studied weekly for two consecutive seasons. We registered numbers and characteristics of adults, nests, eggs, and chicks, calculated success estimates, and assessed nest installation preferences. Chick morphology, age, and measurements served to define five growth stages. The species used the margins of two close rivers in Santa Catarina to build nests, lay eggs, and develop parental care between August and January, with success estimates as expected for the family. We observed a preference for the eastern margin of the rivers and proximity to bridges for nest installation, where the muddy margin provides resources for juvenile feeding. Two colony models were defined based on the near or far installation of the nests. Variations in egg and chick dimensions indicated higher adult investment in the second season, with negative allometric growth of the bill and tarsus of chicks related to weight. The results presented suggest favorable conditions for the species’ reproduction in the region, a considerable factor in understanding its expansion in recent years.
{"title":"Breeding ecology of the Bare-Faced Ibis (Phimosus infuscatus) in Southern Brazil","authors":"A. Ferreira, D. C. Melo, J. Branco","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58697","url":null,"abstract":"The Bare-faced Ibis is a gregarious bird found in South America. In the face of a rapid expansion in a southern state in Brazil and a lack of detailed information about the species' reproduction, two breeding areas were studied weekly for two consecutive seasons. We registered numbers and characteristics of adults, nests, eggs, and chicks, calculated success estimates, and assessed nest installation preferences. Chick morphology, age, and measurements served to define five growth stages. The species used the margins of two close rivers in Santa Catarina to build nests, lay eggs, and develop parental care between August and January, with success estimates as expected for the family. We observed a preference for the eastern margin of the rivers and proximity to bridges for nest installation, where the muddy margin provides resources for juvenile feeding. Two colony models were defined based on the near or far installation of the nests. Variations in egg and chick dimensions indicated higher adult investment in the second season, with negative allometric growth of the bill and tarsus of chicks related to weight. The results presented suggest favorable conditions for the species’ reproduction in the region, a considerable factor in understanding its expansion in recent years.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80202834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-27DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58568
L. P. Polatto, V. V. Alves Junior
We examined the abiotic factors and co-specific competition for food resources that regulate the foraging activity of Oxaea flavescens bees on Styrax camporum flowers. Foraging records were gathered during 20 min. periods at the beginning of each hour between 05:00h and 18:00h during three nonconsecutive days. Pearson correlation and linear regression tests indicated that the foraging activity of O. flavescens was associated with abiotic factors during the day. O. flavescens represented 89.9% of the observed foraging visits to S. camporum flowers. On the first day of sampling, when environmental conditions were stressful, the foraging activity of O. flavescens was significantly negatively correlated with light intensity, wind speed, and temperature, and positively correlated with relative humidity. Under those conditions, optimal foraging was little affected by the availability of floral resources. On the second and third days, however, when environmental conditions were more favorable, the principal limiting factor of O. flavescens foraging activity was nectar depletion. The maximum peak of foraging under those conditions occurred before the abiotic conditions were fully favorable, however, as the eventual depletion of floral resources resulted in unfavorable cost/benefit implications for foraging during the otherwise most adequate daylight period.
{"title":"Foraging Oxaea flavescens bees as a function of the dynamics of abiotic factors and food resource availability from Styrax camporum flowers","authors":"L. P. Polatto, V. V. Alves Junior","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58568","url":null,"abstract":"We examined the abiotic factors and co-specific competition for food resources that regulate the foraging activity of Oxaea flavescens bees on Styrax camporum flowers. Foraging records were gathered during 20 min. periods at the beginning of each hour between 05:00h and 18:00h during three nonconsecutive days. Pearson correlation and linear regression tests indicated that the foraging activity of O. flavescens was associated with abiotic factors during the day. O. flavescens represented 89.9% of the observed foraging visits to S. camporum flowers. On the first day of sampling, when environmental conditions were stressful, the foraging activity of O. flavescens was significantly negatively correlated with light intensity, wind speed, and temperature, and positively correlated with relative humidity. Under those conditions, optimal foraging was little affected by the availability of floral resources. On the second and third days, however, when environmental conditions were more favorable, the principal limiting factor of O. flavescens foraging activity was nectar depletion. The maximum peak of foraging under those conditions occurred before the abiotic conditions were fully favorable, however, as the eventual depletion of floral resources resulted in unfavorable cost/benefit implications for foraging during the otherwise most adequate daylight period.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90665626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-27DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58763
L. N. Lermen, Raíssa Furtado, S. Hartz
Anurans vary in body coloration and frequently exhibit color polymorphism, with selection by predation pressure favoring more cryptic animals. Spatial differentiation may also favor color polymorphism in some species, since cryptic morphotypes can use substrates that better match their coloration. Boana pulchella is a polymorphic species with green and brown morphotypes, but its polymorphism remains poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to determine the functionality of color polymorphism in B. pulchella as a defense strategy. Artificial green and brown clay models were placed in environments with green and brown background to determine if the two morphotypes of B. pulchella experience different frequencies of attacks. We expected that more conspicuous morphs are attacked more frequently. The attack rate, which suggests predation intent, on the models was 9.57%. The marks observed in the artificial models were left by both mammals and birds. The number of damaged models did not significantly differ between the different background environments. The results indicate that B. pulchella morphotypes are equally cryptic to predators in the studied environments. In conclusion, probably color polymorphism in B. pulchella is not operating as a defensive strategy, and other selective forces may be acting in the maintenance of color polymorphism in this species.
{"title":"Color polymorphism and variation in microhabitat selection: a defensive strategy in males of Boana pulchella (Anura: Hylidae)?","authors":"L. N. Lermen, Raíssa Furtado, S. Hartz","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58763","url":null,"abstract":"Anurans vary in body coloration and frequently exhibit color polymorphism, with selection by predation pressure favoring more cryptic animals. Spatial differentiation may also favor color polymorphism in some species, since cryptic morphotypes can use substrates that better match their coloration. Boana pulchella is a polymorphic species with green and brown morphotypes, but its polymorphism remains poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to determine the functionality of color polymorphism in B. pulchella as a defense strategy. Artificial green and brown clay models were placed in environments with green and brown background to determine if the two morphotypes of B. pulchella experience different frequencies of attacks. We expected that more conspicuous morphs are attacked more frequently. The attack rate, which suggests predation intent, on the models was 9.57%. The marks observed in the artificial models were left by both mammals and birds. The number of damaged models did not significantly differ between the different background environments. The results indicate that B. pulchella morphotypes are equally cryptic to predators in the studied environments. In conclusion, probably color polymorphism in B. pulchella is not operating as a defensive strategy, and other selective forces may be acting in the maintenance of color polymorphism in this species.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"08 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86500337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-27DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59272
A. Santos, Wilson Romão Toledo da Silva, H. N. Ferreira, Antonio Matos Fraga Junior, M. Batista, J. Velarde
DNA extraction is usually the first step to perform molecular studies. This process can be nonviable due to genomic DNA (gDNA) extraction commercial kits prices. Furthermore, available DNA extraction protocols generally have high specificity, limiting their use to specific sources of biological material. In order to reduce costs, optimize time and laboratory logistics, besides to demonstrate a versatile protocol, the present study worked on an efficient DNA extraction protocol from somatic and non-somatic cells, using biological material from sheep as a model. For that, gDNA was extracted from whole blood, spermatozoa, and hair bulb cells, collected from three adult sheep, transported at 5ºC and stored at -20ºC until lab procedures. After extraction, gDNA concentration and purity were evaluated in a nano spectrophotometer. gDNA concentration from whole blood was greater (p < 0.05) than extracted from hair bulb cells, which in turn was superior (p < 0.05) than in spermatozoa. Also, gDNA from whole blood and, followed by, sperm showed greater (p < 0.05) purity when compared to gDNA of hair bulb cells. Adapting a gDNA extraction protocol, originally developed for bovine whole blood, enabled to obtain and isolate gDNA in different nucleated sheep cells
{"title":"Efficient, fast and low-cost strategies for DNA extraction from different nucleated sheep cells","authors":"A. Santos, Wilson Romão Toledo da Silva, H. N. Ferreira, Antonio Matos Fraga Junior, M. Batista, J. Velarde","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59272","url":null,"abstract":"DNA extraction is usually the first step to perform molecular studies. This process can be nonviable due to genomic DNA (gDNA) extraction commercial kits prices. Furthermore, available DNA extraction protocols generally have high specificity, limiting their use to specific sources of biological material. In order to reduce costs, optimize time and laboratory logistics, besides to demonstrate a versatile protocol, the present study worked on an efficient DNA extraction protocol from somatic and non-somatic cells, using biological material from sheep as a model. For that, gDNA was extracted from whole blood, spermatozoa, and hair bulb cells, collected from three adult sheep, transported at 5ºC and stored at -20ºC until lab procedures. After extraction, gDNA concentration and purity were evaluated in a nano spectrophotometer. gDNA concentration from whole blood was greater (p < 0.05) than extracted from hair bulb cells, which in turn was superior (p < 0.05) than in spermatozoa. Also, gDNA from whole blood and, followed by, sperm showed greater (p < 0.05) purity when compared to gDNA of hair bulb cells. Adapting a gDNA extraction protocol, originally developed for bovine whole blood, enabled to obtain and isolate gDNA in different nucleated sheep cells","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72516333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59212
Lígia Cristina Cazarin-Oliveira, L. P. Fraga, Manoela Volkweis Lombardi, Fabiana Sperb Volkweis, Maria Júlia Martins Silva
The introduction of the African snail Lissachatina fulica worldwide poses a risk to the environment, agriculture and human health. Considered a socio-environmental pest it causes problems to plantations and gardens, in addition to threatening native species. Also, it can be an intermediate host of worms that affect humans and mammals. This work aims to evaluate the socioenvironmental impact caused by L. fulica in Alto Paraíso de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil. Specifically, it aimed to analyze the residents' knowledge about L. fulica, if they were able to recognize the invasive snail and differentiate it from the giant native snail Megalobulimus sp., in addition to the community's ability to carry out actions to combat the invasive species. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, guided by a questionnaire, with the urban population, and an unstructured interview with a health surveillance agent in the municipality. The area of the city was divided into five zones and ten residences were visited in each zone. It was found that the residents most affected by L. fulica are those who live in the most urbanized region of the city, with 86% of respondents reporting seeing the animal in the city center. The presence of the Megalobulimus sp. was reported by four residents in the city's border regions with the native Cerrado. Most of the reports of the African snail in the houses occurred by residents of Alto Paraíso de Goiás who had plants in their backyard and personally took care of them.
非洲蜗牛Lissachatina fulica在世界范围内的引进对环境、农业和人类健康构成了威胁。被认为是一种社会环境害虫，除了威胁本地物种外，它还会给种植园和花园带来问题。此外，它可能是影响人类和哺乳动物的蠕虫的中间宿主。本研究旨在评估巴西阿尔托Paraíso de Goiás Goiás地区富里卡菌对社会环境的影响。具体而言，旨在分析居民对L. fulica的了解程度，是否能够识别入侵蜗牛并将其与巨型本地蜗牛Megalobulimus sp.区分开来，以及社区采取行动对抗入侵物种的能力。在问卷的指导下，与城市人口进行了半结构化访谈，并与市政当局的健康监测人员进行了非结构化访谈。城市区域被划分为五个区域，每个区域访问了10个住宅。研究发现，受富士黎蝇影响最严重的居民居住在城市城市化程度最高的地区，86%的受访者报告在市中心看到过这种动物。Megalobulimus sp.的存在是由四名居民在城市与当地塞拉多的边界地区报告的。大多数在房屋中发现非洲蜗牛的报告发生在Alto Paraíso de Goiás的居民身上，他们在后院种植了植物并亲自照顾它们。
{"title":"Socio-environmental assessment of the impact of the African snail, Lissachatina fulica (Férussac), 1821, on the population of Alto Paraíso de Goiás, Brazil","authors":"Lígia Cristina Cazarin-Oliveira, L. P. Fraga, Manoela Volkweis Lombardi, Fabiana Sperb Volkweis, Maria Júlia Martins Silva","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59212","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of the African snail Lissachatina fulica worldwide poses a risk to the environment, agriculture and human health. Considered a socio-environmental pest it causes problems to plantations and gardens, in addition to threatening native species. Also, it can be an intermediate host of worms that affect humans and mammals. This work aims to evaluate the socioenvironmental impact caused by L. fulica in Alto Paraíso de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil. Specifically, it aimed to analyze the residents' knowledge about L. fulica, if they were able to recognize the invasive snail and differentiate it from the giant native snail Megalobulimus sp., in addition to the community's ability to carry out actions to combat the invasive species. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, guided by a questionnaire, with the urban population, and an unstructured interview with a health surveillance agent in the municipality. The area of the city was divided into five zones and ten residences were visited in each zone. It was found that the residents most affected by L. fulica are those who live in the most urbanized region of the city, with 86% of respondents reporting seeing the animal in the city center. The presence of the Megalobulimus sp. was reported by four residents in the city's border regions with the native Cerrado. Most of the reports of the African snail in the houses occurred by residents of Alto Paraíso de Goiás who had plants in their backyard and personally took care of them.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75257436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-18DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.53490
Jessica Knoeller, A. Tomás, T. Vaske Júnior
Surf zones are associated with a shelter area, nursery and feeding for several species of fish. In this study, the dietary habits of three species of fish with demersal habits (Gulf kingcroaker Menticirrhu gracilis, Whitesea catfish Genidens barbus and Barbu Polydacytlus virginicus), were verified in the surf zone area of an active urban beach of Baixada Santista, concerning structure in size, day and night abundances and overlapping diets. A total of 617 fish were analyzed, of which 362 were 194 were G. barbus and 61 were P. virginicus. Stomach contents, represented in Relative Importance Index diagrams, showed that the bivalve Donax gemmula is the most important food item for M. gracilis, scales of Teleostei for G. barbus and Euphausiacea for P. virginicus. In order to evaluate the similarity of the diets, the Macarthur & Levins indices and a cluster analysis with the Bray-Curtis distance were applied revealing that the diet is 44% different between G. barbus and M. gracilis, 5% between G. barbus and P. virginicus and of 84% between M. gracilis and P. virginicus. Anthropogenic waste like plastic, nylon, metal pieces, were only occasionaly observed.
{"title":"Diet of three juvenile fish species of the coastal zone of a Southwest Atlantic beach, Brazil","authors":"Jessica Knoeller, A. Tomás, T. Vaske Júnior","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.53490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.53490","url":null,"abstract":"Surf zones are associated with a shelter area, nursery and feeding for several species of fish. In this study, the dietary habits of three species of fish with demersal habits (Gulf kingcroaker Menticirrhu gracilis, Whitesea catfish Genidens barbus and Barbu Polydacytlus virginicus), were verified in the surf zone area of an active urban beach of Baixada Santista, concerning structure in size, day and night abundances and overlapping diets. A total of 617 fish were analyzed, of which 362 were 194 were G. barbus and 61 were P. virginicus. Stomach contents, represented in Relative Importance Index diagrams, showed that the bivalve Donax gemmula is the most important food item for M. gracilis, scales of Teleostei for G. barbus and Euphausiacea for P. virginicus. In order to evaluate the similarity of the diets, the Macarthur & Levins indices and a cluster analysis with the Bray-Curtis distance were applied revealing that the diet is 44% different between G. barbus and M. gracilis, 5% between G. barbus and P. virginicus and of 84% between M. gracilis and P. virginicus. Anthropogenic waste like plastic, nylon, metal pieces, were only occasionaly observed.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73598778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-18DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59982
A. F. Chagas Júnior, L. F. B. Chagas, G. N. Scheidt, V. Chapla, B. S. O. Colonia, M. Souza, Albert Lennon Lima Martins
The use of fungi to obtain chitin and chitosan has advantages such as handling, extraction, and production control, thus allowing to generate high quality chitosan. This study aimed to isolate and identify strains of Cunninghamella spp., and assess the production of biomass, chitin, and chitosan. We determined the macroscopic and microscopic phenotypic aspects of the superiors, mycelial growth rate index, consumption of glucose and nitrogen, as well as the pH variation, and the production of biomass, chitin, and chitosan. After assessing the mycelial growth speed index, considered fast, we found that the UFT-Ce08 and UFT-Ce09 isolates showed a higher growth speed. Therefore, we assessed the sporulation of the isolates, and all of them reached the concentration of 106 spores mL-1 in the period of 96 hours. The YPD was considered ideal for biomass production because it promotes an efficient consumption and synthesis of organic compounds by microorganisms. The assessment of the biomass production and the chitin and chitosan yield of nine isolates and the reference strain showed that the UFT-Ce08 isolate had the highest amount of biomass, the UFT-Ce11 isolate had the highest chitin yield, and despite having the second smallest biomass, the UFT-Ce09 isolate had the highest chitosan yield. Seven isolates showed higher chitosan yield than the reference strain. Therefore, chitosan production from this fungus can be further optimized to improve yield on a large-scale production. Chitosan production from this fungus can be further optimized to improve yield in large-scale production
{"title":"Chitosan and chitin production and extraction in isolates of Cunninghamella sp.","authors":"A. F. Chagas Júnior, L. F. B. Chagas, G. N. Scheidt, V. Chapla, B. S. O. Colonia, M. Souza, Albert Lennon Lima Martins","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59982","url":null,"abstract":"The use of fungi to obtain chitin and chitosan has advantages such as handling, extraction, and production control, thus allowing to generate high quality chitosan. This study aimed to isolate and identify strains of Cunninghamella spp., and assess the production of biomass, chitin, and chitosan. We determined the macroscopic and microscopic phenotypic aspects of the superiors, mycelial growth rate index, consumption of glucose and nitrogen, as well as the pH variation, and the production of biomass, chitin, and chitosan. After assessing the mycelial growth speed index, considered fast, we found that the UFT-Ce08 and UFT-Ce09 isolates showed a higher growth speed. Therefore, we assessed the sporulation of the isolates, and all of them reached the concentration of 106 spores mL-1 in the period of 96 hours. The YPD was considered ideal for biomass production because it promotes an efficient consumption and synthesis of organic compounds by microorganisms. The assessment of the biomass production and the chitin and chitosan yield of nine isolates and the reference strain showed that the UFT-Ce08 isolate had the highest amount of biomass, the UFT-Ce11 isolate had the highest chitin yield, and despite having the second smallest biomass, the UFT-Ce09 isolate had the highest chitosan yield. Seven isolates showed higher chitosan yield than the reference strain. Therefore, chitosan production from this fungus can be further optimized to improve yield on a large-scale production. Chitosan production from this fungus can be further optimized to improve yield in large-scale production","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89477378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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