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Risk Management Knowledges about Oysters for Raw Consumption and Norovirus. 有关生食牡蛎和诺如病毒的风险管理知识。
Pub Date : 2020-09-25 eCollection Date: 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00014
Kazuo Koyama, Azusa Hirakawa, Chie Uehara, Itsuko Horiguchi

This study used questionnaires to evaluate knowledge levels of risk management of raw-consumption of oysters and of norovirus as health hazards among monitors signed up for Food Safety Commission of Japan (FSCJ) having work experiences in food fields. The mean scores of monitors on norovirus knowledge were relatively high (79%), but on oyster raw-consumption were low (64%). Scores varied depending on occupational experiences; highest among administrative officials, high among researchers in food companies, and low among medical workers and educators. The higher scores with more practical experiences for risk management of oyster raw-consumption and norovirus were observed among the monitors. These monitors were expected better to recognize the risks, wheres only few monitors among the opinion-leaders replied correctly to all the questions. These results suggest the need of improvement on the management system for oyster raw-consumption, from the current complicated to the more precise and reinforced for consumers. To efficiently manage the risk associated with the consumption of raw oysters, the government should provide more relevant information of risk management to persons having interest, particularly influencers, in order to disseminate information and to improve knowledge among cooks and consumers.

本研究采用问卷调查的方式,对日本食品安全委员会(FSCJ)中具有食品领域工作经验的监督员对生吃牡蛎和诺如病毒危害健康的风险管理知识水平进行了评估。监测员对诺如病毒知识的平均得分相对较高(79%),但对生吃牡蛎知识的平均得分较低(64%)。职业经历不同,得分也不同;行政官员的得分最高,食品公司研究人员的得分较高,而医务工作者和教育工作者的得分较低。监测人员在生食牡蛎和诺如病毒风险管理方面的实践经验越丰富,得分越高。在意见领袖中,只有少数监测员能正确回答所有问题,而这些监测员被认为能更好地识别风险。这些结果表明,有必要改进生食牡蛎的管理系统,从目前的复杂化改进为更精确、更适合消费者的系统。为了有效管理与生吃牡蛎相关的风险,政府应向利益相关者,特别是有影响力的人提供更多相关的风险管理信息,以传播信息,提高厨师和消费者的知识水平。
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引用次数: 0
Cattle Meat and Offal Imported from the United States of America, Canada and Ireland to Japan (Prions). 从美利坚合众国、加拿大和爱尔兰进口到日本的牛肉和内脏(朊病毒)。
Pub Date : 2020-09-25 eCollection Date: 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00019

Food Safety Commission of Japan (FSCJ) was requested by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) to conduct a risk assessment of cattle meat and offal imported from the United States of America (U.S.A.), Canada and Ireland. FSCJ assessed potential influences on bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) risks to human health in cases of the alteration of cattle age to be allowed to import of cattle meat and offal from the three countries, from the current under 30 months of age to no age limitation, in line with the international standards for mitigating BSE risks. FSCJ judges that the control measures regarding "risks related to slaughtering and meat processing" are appropriately implemented in the three countries. FSCJ concludes that potential variations of BSE risks to human health by removing the age limit on cattle meat and offal excluding specified risk material (SRMs) imported from the three countries in line with the international standards is negligible.

日本食品安全委员会应厚生劳动省(MHLW)的要求,对从美利坚合众国(美国)、加拿大和爱尔兰进口的牛肉和内脏进行风险评估。FSCJ根据减轻疯牛病风险的国际标准,评估了在允许从这三个国家进口牛肉和内脏的牛的年龄发生改变的情况下,对牛海绵状脑病(BSE)对人类健康的潜在影响,从目前的30个月以下年龄限制到没有年龄限制。FSCJ认为有关“屠宰和肉类加工相关风险”的控制措施在这三个国家得到了适当的实施。FSCJ的结论是,取消从上述三个国家进口的牛肉及内脏(不包括指明风险物料)的年龄限制后,疯牛病对人类健康的潜在风险变化可以忽略不计。
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引用次数: 1
Elution of Radioactive Cesium from Tofu by Water Soaking. 水浸法洗脱豆腐中放射性铯。
Pub Date : 2020-08-07 eCollection Date: 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00011
Mitsuru Yoshida, Hitomi Kaino, Saori Shidara, Kazuhiro Chiku, Mayumi Hachinohe, Shioka Hamamatsu

Elution of cesium-137 (137Cs) from tofu into water was investigated to know the behavior of 137Cs during preservation and cooking. The food processing retention factor (Fr) reached 0.55 when tofu was soaked in water at a ratio of 1:2 w/w for 24 h at 4°C. Doubling the amount of water did not further significantly decrease Fr. When tofu was held in water at a ration of 1:2 w/w at a temperature of 80℃ for 50 min, Fr was 0.72. Increasing the amount of water to 10 times the tofu weight did not further reduce Fr significantly. Cesium-137 is mostly bound to tofu and does not freely diffuse into water. Tofu was then soaked in water at a ratio of 1:2 w/w at 4℃ for 24 h, placed in new water at a ratio of 1:2 w/w, and held at 80℃ for 50 min, resulting in an Fr 0.33. This value is close to an estimated Fr calculated by multiplying the Fr of 0.55 from soaking at 4°C by the Fr of 0.72 from the hot water treatment. The calculated Fr from soybeans sequentially processing into tofu, soaking tofu at 4°C for 24 h and in hot water at 80°C for 50 min was about 0.1, indicating 90% removal of 137Cs. Degree of decrease in 137Cs during preservation and cooking of tofu demonstrated in this study will be useful for exposure assessment of 137Cs through oral intake of contaminated soybeans after processing and cooking.

研究了豆腐中铯-137 (137Cs)在水中的洗脱,以了解137Cs在保存和烹饪过程中的行为。豆腐在4℃条件下以1:2 w/w的比例浸泡24 h,食品加工保留系数Fr达到0.55。当豆腐以1:2 w/w的比例在80℃的温度下保存50 min时,Fr为0.72。将水分增加到豆腐重量的10倍并没有进一步显著降低Fr。铯-137主要与豆腐结合在一起,不会自由扩散到水中。将豆腐按1:2 w/w的比例在4℃下浸泡24 h,再按1:2 w/w的比例放入新水中,80℃保存50 min,得到Fr 0.33。这个值接近于用4°C浸泡得到的0.55的Fr乘以热水处理得到的0.72的Fr计算出的Fr值。4℃浸泡24 h和80℃热水浸泡50 min后,大豆依次加工成豆腐的Fr约为0.1,表明137Cs去除率为90%。本研究显示的豆腐在保存和烹饪过程中137Cs的减少程度,将有助于评估污染大豆在加工和烹饪后通过口服摄入137Cs的暴露。
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引用次数: 1
Prediction and Characterization of CYP3A4-mediated Metabolisms of Azole Fungicides: an Application of the Fused-grid Template* system. CYP3A4 介导的唑类杀真菌剂代谢的预测和特征描述:融合网格模板*系统的应用。
Pub Date : 2020-06-26 eCollection Date: 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00010
Yasushi Yamazoe, Takashi Yamada, Kiyoshi Nagata

Human CYP3A4 is involved in metabolisms of diverse hydrophobic chemicals. Using the data of therapeutic azole fungicides known to interact with CYP3A4, applicability of CYP3A4 Template system was first confirmed to reconstitute faithfully the interaction on Template. More than twenty numbers of pesticide azoles were then applied to the Template system. All the azole stereo-isomers applied, except for talarozole, interacted through nitrogen atoms of triazole or imidazole parts and sat stably for inhibitions through fulfilling three-essential interactions. For their CYP3A4-mediated oxidations, clear distinctions were suggested among the enantiomers and diastereomers of azole pesticides on Templates. Thus, the stereoisomers would have their-own regio- and stereo-selective profiles of the metabolisms. A combined metabolic profile of each azole obtained with CYP3A4 Template system, however, resembled with the reported profile of the in vivo metabolism in rats. These results suggest the major roles of CYP3A forms on the metabolisms of most of azole pesticides in both rats and humans. Free triazole is a metabolite of azole fungicides having a methylene-spacer between triazole and the rest of the main structures in experimental animals and humans. During the simulation experiments, a placement for the oxidation of a methylene spacer between the triazole and main carbon-skeleton was found to be available throughout the azole fungicides tested on Template. The occurrence of this reaction to lead to triazole-release is thus discussed in relation to the possible involvement of CYP3A forms.

人类 CYP3A4 参与多种疏水性化学物质的代谢。利用已知与 CYP3A4 有相互作用的治疗性唑类杀菌剂的数据,首先确认了 CYP3A4 模板系统的适用性,以忠实地重建模板上的相互作用。然后将 20 多种唑类杀虫剂应用于模板系统。除他拉唑外,所有应用的唑类立体异构体都通过三唑或咪唑部分的氮原子相互作用,并通过满足三要素相互作用而稳定地发挥抑制作用。在 CYP3A4 介导的氧化作用中,唑类杀虫剂的对映体和非对映体在模板上有明显的区别。因此,立体异构体在代谢过程中具有各自的区域和立体选择性。不过,利用 CYP3A4 模板系统获得的每种唑类的综合代谢图谱与所报道的大鼠体内代谢图谱相似。这些结果表明,CYP3A 形式对大多数唑类杀虫剂在大鼠和人体内的代谢都起着重要作用。游离三唑是唑类杀菌剂的代谢产物,在实验动物和人体中,三唑和其他主要结构之间有一个亚甲基间隔物。在模拟实验中发现,在模板上测试的所有唑类杀菌剂中,都存在三唑和主碳骨架之间的亚甲基间隔物氧化的位置。因此,我们讨论了这种导致三唑释放的反应的发生与 CYP3A 形式可能参与其中的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Quantitative Release Assessment of mcr-mediated Colistin-resistant Escherichia Coli from Japanese Pigs. 日本猪mcr介导的耐粘菌素大肠杆菌的定量释放评价。
Pub Date : 2020-06-26 eCollection Date: 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00004
Kohei Makita, Yuri Fujimoto, Nami Sugahara, Takeshi Miyama, Masaru Usui, Tetsuo Asai, Michiko Kawanishi, Manao Ozawa, Yutaka Tamura

Colistin is a critically important antibiotic for humans. The Japanese government withdrew colistin growth promoter and shifted therapeutic colistin to a second-choice drug for pigs in 2017. A quantitative release assessment of mcr-mediated colistin-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Japanese finisher pigs was conducted under the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) risk assessment framework. Input data included colistin resistance and mcr-1-5 test results for E. coli isolates in the Japan Veterinary Resistance Monitoring System (JVARM), postal survey results regarding indication disease occurrence and colistin use by swine veterinarians in 2017 and 2018, and colistin resistance and mcr monitoring experiments at four pig farms in 2017-2018. An individual-based model was developed to assess the risk: the proportion of Japanese finisher pigs with mcr-1-5-mediated colistin-resistant E. coli dominant in the gut on an arbitrary day. Before implementing risk management measures, the risk was estimated to be 5.5% (95% CI: 4.2%-10.1%). At 12 months after stopping colistin growth promoter, the proportion of pigs with plasmid-mediated colistin-resistant E. coli declined by 52.5% on the experiment farms (95% CI: 8.7%-80.8%). The probability of therapeutic colistin use at the occurrence of bacterial diarrhea declined from 37.3% (95% CI: 30.3%-42.5%) in 2017 to 31.4% (95% CI: 26.1%-36.9%), and that of edema disease declined from 55.0% (95% CI: 46.0%-63.7%) to 44.4% (95% CI: 36.9%-52.0%). After risk management implementation, the risk was estimated to have declined to 2.3% (95% CI: 1.8%-4.3%; 58.2% reduction). Scenario analyses showed that pen-level colistin treatment effectively reduces the risk from 5.5% to 4.7% (14.5% reduction), an effect similar to stoppage of therapeutic colistin (16.4% reduction to 4.6%).

粘菌素是一种对人类至关重要的抗生素。2017年,日本政府撤回了粘菌素生长促进剂,并将治疗性粘菌素转变为猪的第二选择药物。在世界动物卫生组织(OIE)风险评估框架下,对日本育肥猪中mcr介导的耐粘菌素大肠杆菌(E. coli)进行了定量释放评估。输入数据包括日本兽医耐药性监测系统(JVARM)中大肠杆菌分离株的粘菌素耐药性和mcr-1-5检测结果,2017年和2018年猪兽医关于指征性疾病发生和粘菌素使用的邮政调查结果,以及2017-2018年4个猪场的粘菌素耐药性和mcr监测实验。开发了一种基于个体的模型来评估风险:在任意一天肠道中具有mcr-1-5介导的耐粘菌素大肠杆菌的日本育肥猪比例。在实施风险管理措施之前,风险估计为5.5% (95% CI: 4.2%-10.1%)。停用粘菌素生长促进剂12个月后,实验猪场中质粒介导的耐粘菌素大肠杆菌比例下降了52.5% (95% CI: 8.7% ~ 80.8%)。细菌性腹泻发生时使用治疗性粘菌素的概率从2017年的37.3% (95% CI: 30.3% ~ 42.5%)下降到31.4% (95% CI: 26.1% ~ 36.9%),水肿疾病的使用概率从55.0% (95% CI: 46.0% ~ 63.7%)下降到44.4% (95% CI: 36.9% ~ 52.0%)。实施风险管理后,估计风险已降至2.3% (95% CI: 1.8%-4.3%;减少58.2%)。情景分析显示,笔级粘菌素治疗有效地将风险从5.5%降低到4.7%(降低14.5%),效果与停止治疗粘菌素相似(从16.4%降低到4.6%)。
{"title":"Quantitative Release Assessment of <i>mcr</i>-mediated Colistin-resistant <i>Escherichia Coli</i> from Japanese Pigs.","authors":"Kohei Makita,&nbsp;Yuri Fujimoto,&nbsp;Nami Sugahara,&nbsp;Takeshi Miyama,&nbsp;Masaru Usui,&nbsp;Tetsuo Asai,&nbsp;Michiko Kawanishi,&nbsp;Manao Ozawa,&nbsp;Yutaka Tamura","doi":"10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colistin is a critically important antibiotic for humans. The Japanese government withdrew colistin growth promoter and shifted therapeutic colistin to a second-choice drug for pigs in 2017. A quantitative release assessment of <i>mcr</i>-mediated colistin-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) in Japanese finisher pigs was conducted under the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) risk assessment framework. Input data included colistin resistance and <i>mcr-1-5</i> test results for <i>E. coli</i> isolates in the Japan Veterinary Resistance Monitoring System (JVARM), postal survey results regarding indication disease occurrence and colistin use by swine veterinarians in 2017 and 2018, and colistin resistance and <i>mcr</i> monitoring experiments at four pig farms in 2017-2018. An individual-based model was developed to assess the risk: the proportion of Japanese finisher pigs with <i>mcr-1-5</i>-mediated colistin-resistant <i>E. coli</i> dominant in the gut on an arbitrary day. Before implementing risk management measures, the risk was estimated to be 5.5% (95% CI: 4.2%-10.1%). At 12 months after stopping colistin growth promoter, the proportion of pigs with plasmid-mediated colistin-resistant <i>E. coli</i> declined by 52.5% on the experiment farms (95% CI: 8.7%-80.8%). The probability of therapeutic colistin use at the occurrence of bacterial diarrhea declined from 37.3% (95% CI: 30.3%-42.5%) in 2017 to 31.4% (95% CI: 26.1%-36.9%), and that of edema disease declined from 55.0% (95% CI: 46.0%-63.7%) to 44.4% (95% CI: 36.9%-52.0%). After risk management implementation, the risk was estimated to have declined to 2.3% (95% CI: 1.8%-4.3%; 58.2% reduction). Scenario analyses showed that pen-level colistin treatment effectively reduces the risk from 5.5% to 4.7% (14.5% reduction), an effect similar to stoppage of therapeutic colistin (16.4% reduction to 4.6%).</p>","PeriodicalId":73044,"journal":{"name":"Food safety (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":"8 2","pages":"13-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7329916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38120462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Betamethasone (Veterinary Medicinal Products). 倍他米松(兽药产品)。
Pub Date : 2020-06-26 eCollection Date: 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00016

The Food Safety Commission of Japan (FSCJ) conducted a risk assessment of betamethasone (CAS No. 37-44-9), a synthetic adrenocortical hormone, based on the documents including assessment reports from the European Medicines Evaluation Agency (EMEA). Among results of various studies, a no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of betamethasone (as betamethasone dipropionate) was shown as 0.02 mg/kg bw per day in a fertility and early embryonic development study in rats. FSCJ concluded that it is appropriate to set an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of betamethasone by applying the same ADI as dexamethasone. The ADI for dexamethasone at 0.01 μg/kg bw per day (0.00001 mg/kg bw/day) was specified based on the NOAEL of 0.001 mg/kg bw per day of the endocrine toxicity study in rats1). Consequently, FSCJ specified the ADI for betamethasone at 0.01 μg/kg bw per day.

日本食品安全委员会(FSCJ)根据欧洲药品评价机构(EMEA)的评估报告等文件,对合成肾上腺皮质激素倍他米松(CAS No. 37-44-9)进行了风险评估。在各种研究的结果中,在大鼠生育和早期胚胎发育研究中,倍他米松(如倍他米松二丙酸酯)的未观察到的不良反应水平(NOAEL)显示为每天0.02 mg/kg bw。FSCJ得出结论,采用与地塞米松相同的每日可接受摄入量来设定倍他米松的可接受日摄入量(ADI)是合适的。地塞米松每日摄入量0.01 μg/kg体重(0.00001 mg/kg体重/天)是根据大鼠内分泌毒性研究中0.001 mg/kg体重/天的NOAEL确定的(1)。因此,FSCJ规定倍他米松的每日推荐摄入量为0.01 μg/kg体重/天。
{"title":"Betamethasone (Veterinary Medicinal Products).","authors":"","doi":"10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Food Safety Commission of Japan (FSCJ) conducted a risk assessment of betamethasone (CAS No. 37-44-9), a synthetic adrenocortical hormone, based on the documents including assessment reports from the European Medicines Evaluation Agency (EMEA). Among results of various studies, a no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of betamethasone (as betamethasone dipropionate) was shown as 0.02 mg/kg bw per day in a fertility and early embryonic development study in rats. FSCJ concluded that it is appropriate to set an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of betamethasone by applying the same ADI as dexamethasone. The ADI for dexamethasone at 0.01 μg/kg bw per day (0.00001 mg/kg bw/day) was specified based on the NOAEL of 0.001 mg/kg bw per day of the endocrine toxicity study in rats<sup>1)</sup>. Consequently, FSCJ specified the ADI for betamethasone at 0.01 μg/kg bw per day.</p>","PeriodicalId":73044,"journal":{"name":"Food safety (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":"8 2","pages":"52-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7329914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38120463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flumequine (Veterinary Medicinal Products). 氟甲喹(兽药产品)。
Pub Date : 2020-03-27 eCollection Date: 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00005

FSCJ conducted a risk assessment of an antimicrobial, flumequine (CAS No. 42835-25-6), based on reports of JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives) and EMEA (European Medicines Agency) and other documents including the mechanism for liver tumor. Data used in the assessment include pharmacokinetics, acute toxicity, subacute toxicity, chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity, and microbiological effects. FSCJ specified the ADI of flumenquine as 0.071 mg/kg bw per day, that is the microbiological ADI calculated using the equation for VICH.

FSCJ根据JECFA(粮农组织/世卫组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会)和EMEA(欧洲药品管理局)的报告以及包括肝肿瘤机制在内的其他文件,对抗微生物药物氟喹(CAS编号42835-25-6)进行了风险评估。评估中使用的数据包括药代动力学、急性毒性、亚急性毒性、慢性毒性/致癌性、生殖毒性、遗传毒性和微生物效应。FSCJ规定氟喹的每日推荐摄入量为0.071 mg/kg体重/天,即使用VICH公式计算的微生物推荐摄入量。
{"title":"Flumequine (Veterinary Medicinal Products).","authors":"","doi":"10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>FSCJ conducted a risk assessment of an antimicrobial, flumequine (CAS No. 42835-25-6), based on reports of JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives) and EMEA (European Medicines Agency) and other documents including the mechanism for liver tumor. Data used in the assessment include pharmacokinetics, acute toxicity, subacute toxicity, chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity, and microbiological effects. FSCJ specified the ADI of flumenquine as 0.071 mg/kg bw per day, that is the microbiological ADI calculated using the equation for VICH.</p>","PeriodicalId":73044,"journal":{"name":"Food safety (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":"8 1","pages":"8-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7101468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37788659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fluxametamide (Pesticides). 氟噻虫胺(农药)。
Pub Date : 2020-03-27 eCollection Date: 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00006

FSCJ conducted a risk assessment of fluxametamide (CAS No. 928783-29-3), an isoxazoline insecticide, based on results from various studies. The data used in the assessment include the fate in animals, fate in plants, residues in crops, subacute toxicity, subacute neurotoxicity, chronic toxicity, combined chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity, carcinogenicity, two-generation reproductive toxicity, developmental toxicity, and genotoxicity. Alveolar macrophage accumulation, vacuolated epithelial cells in the small intestine, and hepatocellular vacuolation are observed in various toxicity studies. Increased incidences of thyroid follicular cell adenoma in male rats and of hepatocellular adenoma in male mice were observed in carcinogenicity studies. However, a genotoxic mechanism was unlikely to be involved in the tumor increases. FSCJ specified an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 0.0085 mg/kg bw per day, applying a safety factor of 100 to the NOAEL, 0.85 mg/kg bw per day, that was derived from the two-year combined chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study in rats.

FSCJ根据多项研究结果,对异恶唑啉类杀虫剂氟沙美胺(CAS编号928783-29-3)进行了风险评估。评估中使用的数据包括对动物的毒性、对植物的毒性、对作物的残留、亚急性毒性、亚急性神经毒性、慢性毒性、慢性毒性/致癌性、致癌性、两代生殖毒性、发育毒性和遗传毒性。在各种毒性研究中都观察到肺泡巨噬细胞积聚、小肠上皮细胞空泡化和肝细胞空泡化。在致癌性研究中观察到雄性大鼠甲状腺滤泡细胞腺瘤和雄性小鼠肝细胞腺瘤的发病率增加。然而,基因毒性机制不太可能与肿瘤增加有关。FSCJ规定每日可接受摄入量(ADI)为0.0085毫克/千克体重/天,将NOAEL的安全系数为100,即0.85毫克/千克体重/天,该安全系数来自为期两年的大鼠慢性毒性/致癌性联合研究。
{"title":"Fluxametamide (Pesticides).","authors":"","doi":"10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>FSCJ conducted a risk assessment of fluxametamide (CAS No. 928783-29-3), an isoxazoline insecticide, based on results from various studies. The data used in the assessment include the fate in animals, fate in plants, residues in crops, subacute toxicity, subacute neurotoxicity, chronic toxicity, combined chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity, carcinogenicity, two-generation reproductive toxicity, developmental toxicity, and genotoxicity. Alveolar macrophage accumulation, vacuolated epithelial cells in the small intestine, and hepatocellular vacuolation are observed in various toxicity studies. Increased incidences of thyroid follicular cell adenoma in male rats and of hepatocellular adenoma in male mice were observed in carcinogenicity studies. However, a genotoxic mechanism was unlikely to be involved in the tumor increases. FSCJ specified an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 0.0085 mg/kg bw per day, applying a safety factor of 100 to the NOAEL, 0.85 mg/kg bw per day, that was derived from the two-year combined chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study in rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":73044,"journal":{"name":"Food safety (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":"8 1","pages":"10-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37788027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Dichlobentiazox (Pesticides). 二氯苄唑(农药)。
Pub Date : 2020-03-27 eCollection Date: 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00002

FSCJ conducted the risk assessment of a fungicide, dichlobentiazox (CAS No.957144-77-3), having benzoisothiazole and isothiazole rings, based on results from various studies.The data used in the assessment include fate in animals (rats) and in livestock (goats), fate in plants (paddy rice), residues in crops, subacute toxicity (rats, mice and dogs), chronic toxicity (dogs), carcinogenicity (rats and mice) and other relevant study results. This chemical showed none of carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, teratogenicity and genotoxicity. The lowest no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) obtained in all studies was 5.03 mg/kg bw per day in a two-year chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study in rats. FSCJ specified an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 0.05 mg/kg bw per day by applying a safety factor of 100 to the NOAEL.

FSCJ根据多项研究结果,对含有苯并异噻唑和异噻唑环的杀菌剂二氯噻唑(CAS No.957144-77-3)进行了风险评估。评估中使用的数据包括动物(大鼠)和牲畜(山羊)的命运、植物(水稻)的命运、作物中的残留物、亚急性毒性(大鼠、小鼠和狗)、慢性毒性(狗)、致癌性(大鼠和小鼠)以及其他相关研究结果。该化学品无致癌性、生殖毒性、致畸性和遗传毒性。在一项为期两年的大鼠慢性毒性/致癌性研究中,所有研究中获得的最低无观察到不良反应水平(NOAEL)为每天5.03 mg/kg bw。FSCJ通过对NOAEL应用100的安全系数规定了每日可接受摄入量(ADI)为0.05 mg/kg bw。
{"title":"Dichlobentiazox (Pesticides).","authors":"","doi":"10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>FSCJ conducted the risk assessment of a fungicide, dichlobentiazox (CAS No.957144-77-3), having benzoisothiazole and isothiazole rings, based on results from various studies.The data used in the assessment include fate in animals (rats) and in livestock (goats), fate in plants (paddy rice), residues in crops, subacute toxicity (rats, mice and dogs), chronic toxicity (dogs), carcinogenicity (rats and mice) and other relevant study results. This chemical showed none of carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, teratogenicity and genotoxicity. The lowest no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) obtained in all studies was 5.03 mg/kg bw per day in a two-year chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study in rats. FSCJ specified an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 0.05 mg/kg bw per day by applying a safety factor of 100 to the NOAEL.</p>","PeriodicalId":73044,"journal":{"name":"Food safety (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":"8 1","pages":"6-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37788658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Current Understanding of Food Safety Assessment Procedure for Stacked Trait Products Derived from Conventional Breeding among Approved GM Plants. 经批准的转基因植物中传统育种衍生的堆叠性状产品食品安全评估程序的现状。
Pub Date : 2020-03-27 eCollection Date: 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00003
Wataru Iizuka

Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) has conducted food safety assessment of the genetically modified (GM) plants generated by conventional breeding among approved GM plants (hereinafter called "stacked trait products"). Food safety assessment procedure of stacked trait products was revised in 2014. The safety assessment policies will continue to be updated, based on the collected knowledge and experience.

厚生劳动省(MHLW)对经批准的转基因植物(以下简称“堆叠性状产品”)中通过常规育种产生的转基因(GM)植物进行了食品安全评估。2014年修订了堆叠性状产品食品安全评价规程。安全评估政策将根据收集到的知识和经验继续更新。
{"title":"Current Understanding of Food Safety Assessment Procedure for Stacked Trait Products Derived from Conventional Breeding among Approved GM Plants.","authors":"Wataru Iizuka","doi":"10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-20-00003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) has conducted food safety assessment of the genetically modified (GM) plants generated by conventional breeding among approved GM plants (hereinafter called \"stacked trait products\"). Food safety assessment procedure of stacked trait products was revised in 2014. The safety assessment policies will continue to be updated, based on the collected knowledge and experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":73044,"journal":{"name":"Food safety (Tokyo, Japan)","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7101471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37788656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
期刊
Food safety (Tokyo, Japan)
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