Pub Date : 2024-03-06DOI: 10.1109/JRFID.2024.3397582
Ricardo Lent
This study conducts an experimental evaluation of a decentralized cognitive routing approach to improve the performance of Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) in challenging environments, particularly in space. The primary goal is to minimize latency while concurrently extending the operational lifetimes of nodes by strategically avoiding bundle transmission through low-charged relay nodes. The approach addresses multi-objective routing through a reinforcement learning formulation that considers either the delay or path length to the destination, jointly with the residual energy levels of nodes along the transmission path. It also defines suitable networking mechanisms to obtain accurate estimates of delay-energy metrics associated with node contacts. The paper provides details of the implementation strategy for the High-Rate Delay Tolerant Networking (HDTN) framework and the design of a battery emulation system that provides precise control over experimental conditions, ensuring test reproducibility. The results demonstrate significant reductions in bundle losses and extended network lifetimes while maintaining either delay or path lengths within reasonable bounds compared to what can be achieved with the current routing standard. The proposed approach holds the promise of significantly improving the reliability of DTN communications in space.
{"title":"Experimental Evaluation of a Cognitive Routing Strategy for Efficient Energy Management in DTN","authors":"Ricardo Lent","doi":"10.1109/JRFID.2024.3397582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JRFID.2024.3397582","url":null,"abstract":"This study conducts an experimental evaluation of a decentralized cognitive routing approach to improve the performance of Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) in challenging environments, particularly in space. The primary goal is to minimize latency while concurrently extending the operational lifetimes of nodes by strategically avoiding bundle transmission through low-charged relay nodes. The approach addresses multi-objective routing through a reinforcement learning formulation that considers either the delay or path length to the destination, jointly with the residual energy levels of nodes along the transmission path. It also defines suitable networking mechanisms to obtain accurate estimates of delay-energy metrics associated with node contacts. The paper provides details of the implementation strategy for the High-Rate Delay Tolerant Networking (HDTN) framework and the design of a battery emulation system that provides precise control over experimental conditions, ensuring test reproducibility. The results demonstrate significant reductions in bundle losses and extended network lifetimes while maintaining either delay or path lengths within reasonable bounds compared to what can be achieved with the current routing standard. The proposed approach holds the promise of significantly improving the reliability of DTN communications in space.","PeriodicalId":73291,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of radio frequency identification","volume":"8 ","pages":"506-515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141333981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-02DOI: 10.1109/JRFID.2024.3396333
Alberto Facchini;Francesco Paolo Chietera;Riccardo Colella;Luca Catarinucci;Pietro Bia;Luciano Mescia
In this work, the design of a novel class of 3D dielectric lens antennas through the use of a lab-made electromagnetic tool is presented. The lens antenna is modeled using a generalized superformula allowing additional degree of freedom which can be exploited to obtain complex lens shapes with flat surface regions, steep sides, a non-rotational symmetry, or a modulated and aspherical surface profile. Thanks to the free parameters characterizing this formula, the lens geometry can be adjusted in a simple and analytical way. The electromagnetic tool is based on the geometrical optics and tube tracing approximations as well as the physical optics approach. In this way, the multiple wave reflections within the lens region as well as the far field outside the lens can be calculated. Moreover, an efficient synthesis procedure based on swarm intelligence has been developed and integrated in the numerical code. Thanks to this design tool it is possible to identify the lens parameters yielding the optimal antenna characteristic and a desired radiation patterns with low computational burden.
{"title":"Lens Antenna Design Tool Based on Generalized Superformula","authors":"Alberto Facchini;Francesco Paolo Chietera;Riccardo Colella;Luca Catarinucci;Pietro Bia;Luciano Mescia","doi":"10.1109/JRFID.2024.3396333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JRFID.2024.3396333","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the design of a novel class of 3D dielectric lens antennas through the use of a lab-made electromagnetic tool is presented. The lens antenna is modeled using a generalized superformula allowing additional degree of freedom which can be exploited to obtain complex lens shapes with flat surface regions, steep sides, a non-rotational symmetry, or a modulated and aspherical surface profile. Thanks to the free parameters characterizing this formula, the lens geometry can be adjusted in a simple and analytical way. The electromagnetic tool is based on the geometrical optics and tube tracing approximations as well as the physical optics approach. In this way, the multiple wave reflections within the lens region as well as the far field outside the lens can be calculated. Moreover, an efficient synthesis procedure based on swarm intelligence has been developed and integrated in the numerical code. Thanks to this design tool it is possible to identify the lens parameters yielding the optimal antenna characteristic and a desired radiation patterns with low computational burden.","PeriodicalId":73291,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of radio frequency identification","volume":"8 ","pages":"476-483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10517938","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141308677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-29DOI: 10.1109/JRFID.2024.3371877
Yasin Khan;Aaqib Afzal;Ankit Dubey;Alok Saxena
This paper investigates the secrecy performance of a Backscatter communication (BackCom) network considering a practical non-linear energy harvesting model with various tag selection schemes. The tag circuit reflects the signal by finding the optimal dynamic reflection coefficient that maximizes the backscattered signal power while satisfying the tag energy constraint. The channel gains of all links follow Rayleigh fading model. Accounting performance and complexity trade-offs, two computationally efficient sub-optimal and a random selection schemes are proposed and analyzed. The performance is analyzed by obtaining the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and probability of intercept (POI) in closed-form. To gain further insights, expressions for the asymptotic SOP and POI are also derived for all selection schemes. We compare the proposed selection schemes with optimal selection scheme and conclude that proposed schemes significantly reduce the complexity and performs satisfactorily in terms of SOP and POI.
本文研究了背向散射通信（BackCom）网络的保密性能，考虑了一个实用的非线性能量采集模型和各种标签选择方案。标签电路通过寻找最优动态反射系数来反射信号，从而在满足标签能量约束的同时使反向散射信号功率最大化。所有链路的信道增益都遵循瑞利衰减模型。考虑到性能和复杂性的权衡，提出并分析了两种计算效率较高的次优方案和随机选择方案。通过闭合形式获得保密中断概率（SOP）和截获概率（POI），对性能进行了分析。为了进一步深入了解，还推导出了所有选择方案的渐近 SOP 和 POI 表达式。我们将提出的选择方案与最优选择方案进行了比较，得出的结论是，提出的方案大大降低了复杂性，在 SOP 和 POI 方面的表现令人满意。
{"title":"Secrecy Performance of Energy-Harvesting Backscatter Communication Network Under Different Tag Selection Schemes","authors":"Yasin Khan;Aaqib Afzal;Ankit Dubey;Alok Saxena","doi":"10.1109/JRFID.2024.3371877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JRFID.2024.3371877","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the secrecy performance of a Backscatter communication (BackCom) network considering a practical non-linear energy harvesting model with various tag selection schemes. The tag circuit reflects the signal by finding the optimal dynamic reflection coefficient that maximizes the backscattered signal power while satisfying the tag energy constraint. The channel gains of all links follow Rayleigh fading model. Accounting performance and complexity trade-offs, two computationally efficient sub-optimal and a random selection schemes are proposed and analyzed. The performance is analyzed by obtaining the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and probability of intercept (POI) in closed-form. To gain further insights, expressions for the asymptotic SOP and POI are also derived for all selection schemes. We compare the proposed selection schemes with optimal selection scheme and conclude that proposed schemes significantly reduce the complexity and performs satisfactorily in terms of SOP and POI.","PeriodicalId":73291,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of radio frequency identification","volume":"8 ","pages":"43-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140164191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multi-pedestrian attribute recognition (Multi-PAR) is a vital task for smart city surveillance applications, which requires identifying various attributes of multiple pedestrians in a single image. However, most existing methods are limited by the complex backgrounds and the time-consuming pedestrian detection preprocessing work in real-world scenarios, and cannot achieve satisfactory accuracy and efficiency. In this paper, we present a novel end-to-end solution, named Adaptive Multi-Task Network (AMTN), which jointly performs multiple tasks and leverages an adaptive feature re-extraction (AFRE) module to optimize them. Specially, We integrate pedestrian detection into AMTN to perform PAR preprocessing, and incorporate a person re-identification (ReID) task branch to track pedestrians in video streams, thereby selecting the clearest video frames for analysis instead of every video frame to improve analysis efficiency and recognition accuracy. Moreover, we design a dynamic weight fitting loss (DWFL) function to prevent gradient explosions and balance tasks during training. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of our approach, and compare it with the state-of-the-art methods. The experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms other state-of-the-art algorithms, achieving 1.5%-4.9% improvement in accuracy on Multi-PAR. The experiments also show that the AMTN can greatly improve the efficiency of preprocessing by saving the computation of feature extraction through basic features sharing. Compared with the state-of-the-art detection algorithm Yolov5s, it can improve the efficiency by 42%.
{"title":"Adaptive Multi-Task Learning for Multi-PAR in Real World","authors":"Haoyun Sun;Hongwei Zhao;Weishan Zhang;Liang Xu;Hongqing Guan","doi":"10.1109/JRFID.2024.3371881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JRFID.2024.3371881","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-pedestrian attribute recognition (Multi-PAR) is a vital task for smart city surveillance applications, which requires identifying various attributes of multiple pedestrians in a single image. However, most existing methods are limited by the complex backgrounds and the time-consuming pedestrian detection preprocessing work in real-world scenarios, and cannot achieve satisfactory accuracy and efficiency. In this paper, we present a novel end-to-end solution, named Adaptive Multi-Task Network (AMTN), which jointly performs multiple tasks and leverages an adaptive feature re-extraction (AFRE) module to optimize them. Specially, We integrate pedestrian detection into AMTN to perform PAR preprocessing, and incorporate a person re-identification (ReID) task branch to track pedestrians in video streams, thereby selecting the clearest video frames for analysis instead of every video frame to improve analysis efficiency and recognition accuracy. Moreover, we design a dynamic weight fitting loss (DWFL) function to prevent gradient explosions and balance tasks during training. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of our approach, and compare it with the state-of-the-art methods. The experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms other state-of-the-art algorithms, achieving 1.5%-4.9% improvement in accuracy on Multi-PAR. The experiments also show that the AMTN can greatly improve the efficiency of preprocessing by saving the computation of feature extraction through basic features sharing. Compared with the state-of-the-art detection algorithm Yolov5s, it can improve the efficiency by 42%.","PeriodicalId":73291,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of radio frequency identification","volume":"8 ","pages":"357-366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-23DOI: 10.1109/JRFID.2024.3369470
Andrea Motroni;Salvatore D’Avella;Alice Buffi;Paolo Tripicchio;Matteo Unetti;Glauco Cecchi;Paolo Nepa
This paper presents the development and testing of a robot designed for automated inventory and 3D localization of items in high-density shelving systems. To enhance accuracy in locating UHF-RFID tagged objects by using synthetic aperture-based methods, rotating antennas are installed on the robot. This allows more degrees of freedom in antenna trajectory, by reaching large synthetic apertures that may deliver high-performance localization. The robot can navigate complex environments by utilizing a depth camera and a visual odometry system, and it can effectively avoid obstacles with the help of a Laser Imaging Detection And Ranging system. Extensive testing is conducted in a realistic shop-like scenario where tagged products are placed on either wooden shelves or hung on metal racks. The robot navigation capabilities are verified together with its inventory and localization performance for different visibility conditions of the tagged items.
{"title":"Advanced RFID-Robot With Rotating Antennas for Smart Inventory in High-Density Shelving Systems","authors":"Andrea Motroni;Salvatore D’Avella;Alice Buffi;Paolo Tripicchio;Matteo Unetti;Glauco Cecchi;Paolo Nepa","doi":"10.1109/JRFID.2024.3369470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JRFID.2024.3369470","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the development and testing of a robot designed for automated inventory and 3D localization of items in high-density shelving systems. To enhance accuracy in locating UHF-RFID tagged objects by using synthetic aperture-based methods, rotating antennas are installed on the robot. This allows more degrees of freedom in antenna trajectory, by reaching large synthetic apertures that may deliver high-performance localization. The robot can navigate complex environments by utilizing a depth camera and a visual odometry system, and it can effectively avoid obstacles with the help of a Laser Imaging Detection And Ranging system. Extensive testing is conducted in a realistic shop-like scenario where tagged products are placed on either wooden shelves or hung on metal racks. The robot navigation capabilities are verified together with its inventory and localization performance for different visibility conditions of the tagged items.","PeriodicalId":73291,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of radio frequency identification","volume":"8 ","pages":"559-570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10443987","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141422474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.1109/JRFID.2024.3368882
Somnath Mukherjee;Debidas Kundu;Ashis Khan
The deleterious effect of eddy current due to the presence of a metal in magnetically coupled resonant high-frequency radio frequency identification (HF RFID) systems is addressed, and remediation using a resonant loop is discussed. The proposed solution is much more economic than conventional ferrite-based shielding. The resonant loop, which is referred to as auxiliary coil in this paper, does not increase the profile of the existing HF RFID tag. Analysis is carried out using full-wave numerical simulation resulting in an equivalent circuit model, and validated with measurements. The technique is illustrated through applications like HF RFID tags in close proximity to a metal seal required for induction sealing, as well for extending read range of readers compelled to operate near metallic environment.
{"title":"Mitigation of Metal Body Proximity Effect in Magnetically Coupled HF RFID Systems","authors":"Somnath Mukherjee;Debidas Kundu;Ashis Khan","doi":"10.1109/JRFID.2024.3368882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JRFID.2024.3368882","url":null,"abstract":"The deleterious effect of eddy current due to the presence of a metal in magnetically coupled resonant high-frequency radio frequency identification (HF RFID) systems is addressed, and remediation using a resonant loop is discussed. The proposed solution is much more economic than conventional ferrite-based shielding. The resonant loop, which is referred to as auxiliary coil in this paper, does not increase the profile of the existing HF RFID tag. Analysis is carried out using full-wave numerical simulation resulting in an equivalent circuit model, and validated with measurements. The technique is illustrated through applications like HF RFID tags in close proximity to a metal seal required for induction sealing, as well for extending read range of readers compelled to operate near metallic environment.","PeriodicalId":73291,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of radio frequency identification","volume":"8 ","pages":"421-430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141073591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-21DOI: 10.1109/JRFID.2024.3368226
Leilei Xie;Zheng Li;Fenghua Zhu
Aiming at the problem of false and missed detection due to the varied and dense target scale changes, the presence of occlusion, and insufficient light in the target detection task of complex road scenes for self-driving vehicles, an improved model YOLOv8-AUT based on YOLOv8 complex road target detection is proposed. Firstly, the MFR module is designed based on the multi-gradient flow residual structure of the attention mechanism, and the parallel gradient flow branches are added to the module to enrich the gradient flow of the model, so as to enhance the ability to extract the detailed information, and to improve the omission and misdetection of the small targets on the road. Secondly, the spatial pyramid network structure is improved using full-dimensional dynamic convolution to increase the sensory field of the model and improve the model’s ability to detect targets of different scales in complex backgrounds. Finally, the soft-NMS suppression algorithm is introduced to solve the problem of severe target leakage detection in obstacle-target dense regions. The experimental data show that on the BDD100K dataset, the improved algorithm improves the average accuracy mean by 7.7% compared with the original algorithm, mAP@0.5:0.9 by 5.7%, which proves that YOLOv8-AUT can better satisfy the demand for target detection in complex road scenarios of autonomous driving.
{"title":"Multi-Class Road Target Detection Based on Multi-Gradient Flow Residual Structure","authors":"Leilei Xie;Zheng Li;Fenghua Zhu","doi":"10.1109/JRFID.2024.3368226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JRFID.2024.3368226","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming at the problem of false and missed detection due to the varied and dense target scale changes, the presence of occlusion, and insufficient light in the target detection task of complex road scenes for self-driving vehicles, an improved model YOLOv8-AUT based on YOLOv8 complex road target detection is proposed. Firstly, the MFR module is designed based on the multi-gradient flow residual structure of the attention mechanism, and the parallel gradient flow branches are added to the module to enrich the gradient flow of the model, so as to enhance the ability to extract the detailed information, and to improve the omission and misdetection of the small targets on the road. Secondly, the spatial pyramid network structure is improved using full-dimensional dynamic convolution to increase the sensory field of the model and improve the model’s ability to detect targets of different scales in complex backgrounds. Finally, the soft-NMS suppression algorithm is introduced to solve the problem of severe target leakage detection in obstacle-target dense regions. The experimental data show that on the BDD100K dataset, the improved algorithm improves the average accuracy mean by 7.7% compared with the original algorithm, mAP@0.5:0.9 by 5.7%, which proves that YOLOv8-AUT can better satisfy the demand for target detection in complex road scenarios of autonomous driving.","PeriodicalId":73291,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of radio frequency identification","volume":"8 ","pages":"348-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.1109/JRFID.2024.3367975
Yuchen Li;Luxi Li;Zizhang Wu;Zhenshan Bing;Zhe Xuanyuan;Alois Christian Knoll;Long Chen
The integration of language descriptions or prompts with Large Language Models (LLMs) into visual tasks is currently a focal point in the advancement of autonomous driving. This study has showcased notable advancements across various standard datasets. Nevertheless, the progress in integrating language prompts faces challenges in unstructured scenarios, primarily due to the limited availability of paired data. To address this challenge, we introduce a groundbreaking language prompt set called “UnstrPrompt.” This prompt set is derived from three prominent unstructured autonomous driving datasets: IDD, ORFD, and AutoMine, collectively comprising a total of 6K language descriptions. In response to the distinctive features of unstructured scenarios, we have developed a structured approach for prompt generation, encompassing three key components: scene, road, and instance. Additionally, we provide a detailed overview of the language generation process and the validation procedures. We conduct tests on segmentation tasks, and our experiments have demonstrated that text-image fusion can improve accuracy by more than 3% on unstructured data. Additionally, our description architecture outperforms the generic urban architecture by more than 0.1%. This work holds the potential to advance various aspects such as interaction and foundational models in this scenario.
{"title":"UnstrPrompt: Large Language Model Prompt for Driving in Unstructured Scenarios","authors":"Yuchen Li;Luxi Li;Zizhang Wu;Zhenshan Bing;Zhe Xuanyuan;Alois Christian Knoll;Long Chen","doi":"10.1109/JRFID.2024.3367975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JRFID.2024.3367975","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of language descriptions or prompts with Large Language Models (LLMs) into visual tasks is currently a focal point in the advancement of autonomous driving. This study has showcased notable advancements across various standard datasets. Nevertheless, the progress in integrating language prompts faces challenges in unstructured scenarios, primarily due to the limited availability of paired data. To address this challenge, we introduce a groundbreaking language prompt set called “UnstrPrompt.” This prompt set is derived from three prominent unstructured autonomous driving datasets: IDD, ORFD, and AutoMine, collectively comprising a total of 6K language descriptions. In response to the distinctive features of unstructured scenarios, we have developed a structured approach for prompt generation, encompassing three key components: scene, road, and instance. Additionally, we provide a detailed overview of the language generation process and the validation procedures. We conduct tests on segmentation tasks, and our experiments have demonstrated that text-image fusion can improve accuracy by more than 3% on unstructured data. Additionally, our description architecture outperforms the generic urban architecture by more than 0.1%. This work holds the potential to advance various aspects such as interaction and foundational models in this scenario.","PeriodicalId":73291,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of radio frequency identification","volume":"8 ","pages":"367-375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.1109/JRFID.2024.3368005
Yann Houeix;Francisco J. Romero;Francisco G. Ruiz;Diego P. Morales;Noel Rodriguez;Darine Kaddour
This study presents a pioneering approach to fabricating single-layer Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS) using Laser-Induced Graphene (LIG). The FSS structure proposed consists of periodic resistive patterns of LIG synthesized through a one-step laser photothermal process directly on the surface of a thin polyimide substrate. The structural and electrical properties of LIG were thoroughly investigated to develop an electrical model aiming at optimizing the design and absorbing properties. After that, a 12 mm thick LIG-FSS microwave absorber prototype was fabricated and tested under real conditions, demonstrating over 90% absorption in the frequency band from 1.69 to 2.91 GHz with a thickness of only 0.068 times the maximum wavelength $(lambda _{mathrm{ max}})$ , demonstrating good agreement with the simulations and theoretical results. Additionally, we discuss the tunability of the frequency response of the absorber by adjusting accordingly the induced material’s properties. Finally, we also demonstrate the versatility of this approach for the fabrication of FSS structures based on alternative patterns. The findings presented in this work highlight the promising potential of sustainable microwave absorbers based on LIG-FSS structures.
{"title":"Thin Microwave Absorber Based on Laser-Induced Graphene Frequency Selective Surfaces","authors":"Yann Houeix;Francisco J. Romero;Francisco G. Ruiz;Diego P. Morales;Noel Rodriguez;Darine Kaddour","doi":"10.1109/JRFID.2024.3368005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JRFID.2024.3368005","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a pioneering approach to fabricating single-layer Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS) using Laser-Induced Graphene (LIG). The FSS structure proposed consists of periodic resistive patterns of LIG synthesized through a one-step laser photothermal process directly on the surface of a thin polyimide substrate. The structural and electrical properties of LIG were thoroughly investigated to develop an electrical model aiming at optimizing the design and absorbing properties. After that, a 12 mm thick LIG-FSS microwave absorber prototype was fabricated and tested under real conditions, demonstrating over 90% absorption in the frequency band from 1.69 to 2.91 GHz with a thickness of only 0.068 times the maximum wavelength \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$(lambda _{mathrm{ max}})$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000, demonstrating good agreement with the simulations and theoretical results. Additionally, we discuss the tunability of the frequency response of the absorber by adjusting accordingly the induced material’s properties. Finally, we also demonstrate the versatility of this approach for the fabrication of FSS structures based on alternative patterns. The findings presented in this work highlight the promising potential of sustainable microwave absorbers based on LIG-FSS structures.","PeriodicalId":73291,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of radio frequency identification","volume":"8 ","pages":"168-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10440440","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140880810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-19DOI: 10.1109/JRFID.2024.3367452
Nicolas Barbot;Ionela Prodan;Pavel Nikitin
This paper shows that the classical conjugate impedance matching used in the UHF RFID is not optimal anymore with new chips that have high sensitivity. The optimal matching allowing to maximize the read range of an RFID system (reader and tag) is introduced. The principle relies on finding the optimal trade-off between the power received by the tag and the modulated power backscattered to the reader. This matching depends on both tag and reader parameters. The proposed method is optimal and can be applied to any tag (passive and semi-passive). Compared to classical conjugate impedance matching, we show that this new approach can increase the read range by 22% and 8% in two examples: for a semi-passive tag based on Monza X8-K Dura chip and a passive tag based on Monza R6-P chip, respectively. Finally, a practical guide is proposed for antenna designers to optimize the matching in practical applications.
{"title":"A Practical Guide to Optimal Impedance Matching for UHF RFID Chip","authors":"Nicolas Barbot;Ionela Prodan;Pavel Nikitin","doi":"10.1109/JRFID.2024.3367452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JRFID.2024.3367452","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows that the classical conjugate impedance matching used in the UHF RFID is not optimal anymore with new chips that have high sensitivity. The optimal matching allowing to maximize the read range of an RFID system (reader and tag) is introduced. The principle relies on finding the optimal trade-off between the power received by the tag and the modulated power backscattered to the reader. This matching depends on both tag and reader parameters. The proposed method is optimal and can be applied to any tag (passive and semi-passive). Compared to classical conjugate impedance matching, we show that this new approach can increase the read range by 22% and 8% in two examples: for a semi-passive tag based on Monza X8-K Dura chip and a passive tag based on Monza R6-P chip, respectively. Finally, a practical guide is proposed for antenna designers to optimize the matching in practical applications.","PeriodicalId":73291,"journal":{"name":"IEEE journal of radio frequency identification","volume":"8 ","pages":"145-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140880762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：