Pub Date : 2025-07-10DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3578137
Taixia Shi;Fangzheng Zhang;Yang Chen
A microwave photonic system for joint radar and secure communication is proposed. Microwave photonic frequency multiplying and frequency conversion are simultaneously employed to shift the radar and communication signals to the same frequency band concurrently. The radar signal is designed to have a greater power to mask the communication signal, increasing the difficulty of signal interception and thus enhancing security. By employing dechirping at the radar receiver and self-interference cancellation (SIC) at the communication receiver, respectively, the radar function can be implemented and the communication signal can also be correctly demodulated after removing the radar masking. An experiment is performed. A 0.3-GHz bandwidth linearly frequency-modulated (LFM) signal is quadrupled and superimposed with two upconverted 0.5-Gbaud orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signals. A communication data rate of 2 Gbit/s, a radar ranging measurement error of less than ±0.3 cm, and a radar inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging resolution of $12.5times 10.2$ cm are achieved.
{"title":"Microwave Photonic Joint Radar and Secure Communication via Radar Signal Masking","authors":"Taixia Shi;Fangzheng Zhang;Yang Chen","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3578137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3578137","url":null,"abstract":"A microwave photonic system for joint radar and secure communication is proposed. Microwave photonic frequency multiplying and frequency conversion are simultaneously employed to shift the radar and communication signals to the same frequency band concurrently. The radar signal is designed to have a greater power to mask the communication signal, increasing the difficulty of signal interception and thus enhancing security. By employing dechirping at the radar receiver and self-interference cancellation (SIC) at the communication receiver, respectively, the radar function can be implemented and the communication signal can also be correctly demodulated after removing the radar masking. An experiment is performed. A 0.3-GHz bandwidth linearly frequency-modulated (LFM) signal is quadrupled and superimposed with two upconverted 0.5-Gbaud orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signals. A communication data rate of 2 Gbit/s, a radar ranging measurement error of less than ±0.3 cm, and a radar inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging resolution of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$12.5times 10.2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm are achieved.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 10","pages":"1646-1649"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-08DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3583390
Huayi Wu;Guohua Liu;Jiaxuan Tao
The floating complementary split-ring resonator (FCSRR) is presented in this letter. Because of its unique resonant mode, the FCSRR is suitable for the perception of rotational motion. The amplitude of the resonant signal changes as the motor rotor drives the rotation of the FCSRR at 3.34 GHz, which produces an amplitude-modulated signal. Then, the rotation period is double of envelope period. A rotational speed measurement system with FCSRR is investigated based on the above principle. The signal processing circuit of the system converts the microwave envelope signal into digital pulses to sense rotational speed. The test results indicate that the measurement resolution of this system is 0.5 r/s with an average error of 0.44% compared to a commercial speedometer. This system can be used as an alternative to a laser tachometer when ambient visibility is low.
{"title":"A Rotational Speed Measurement System Based on Floating Complementary Split-Ring Resonator","authors":"Huayi Wu;Guohua Liu;Jiaxuan Tao","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3583390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3583390","url":null,"abstract":"The floating complementary split-ring resonator (FCSRR) is presented in this letter. Because of its unique resonant mode, the FCSRR is suitable for the perception of rotational motion. The amplitude of the resonant signal changes as the motor rotor drives the rotation of the FCSRR at 3.34 GHz, which produces an amplitude-modulated signal. Then, the rotation period is double of envelope period. A rotational speed measurement system with FCSRR is investigated based on the above principle. The signal processing circuit of the system converts the microwave envelope signal into digital pulses to sense rotational speed. The test results indicate that the measurement resolution of this system is 0.5 r/s with an average error of 0.44% compared to a commercial speedometer. This system can be used as an alternative to a laser tachometer when ambient visibility is low.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 10","pages":"1654-1657"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-08DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3582102
{"title":"IEEE Microwave and Wireless Technology Letters Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3582102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3582102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 7","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11073538","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144581593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3582947
Di Cui;Junwei Wang;Bin Yao;Qinhong Zheng;Tai Xiang;Runeng Zhong
In this work, two morphable liquid-metal concentrators, the shell and flower, were proposed to improve the heating efficiency in the microwave reaction cavity. The concentrators, containing Gaussian and static cells, would inflate when additional liquid metal was pumped into the Gaussian cells, reflecting more microwaves to the heated sample, and improving the heating efficiency. To demonstrate the heating efficiency, two multiphysics heating models set with the shell and flower concentrators were designed. To validate the simulation results, an experimental system was built, and the corresponding experiments were carried out. The agreement of the simulation and experiment results validated and provided a novel route for designing the concentrators to improve microwave heating efficiency.
{"title":"Morphable Liquid-Metal Concentrators to Improve Microwave Heating Efficiency","authors":"Di Cui;Junwei Wang;Bin Yao;Qinhong Zheng;Tai Xiang;Runeng Zhong","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3582947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3582947","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, two morphable liquid-metal concentrators, the shell and flower, were proposed to improve the heating efficiency in the microwave reaction cavity. The concentrators, containing Gaussian and static cells, would inflate when additional liquid metal was pumped into the Gaussian cells, reflecting more microwaves to the heated sample, and improving the heating efficiency. To demonstrate the heating efficiency, two multiphysics heating models set with the shell and flower concentrators were designed. To validate the simulation results, an experimental system was built, and the corresponding experiments were carried out. The agreement of the simulation and experiment results validated and provided a novel route for designing the concentrators to improve microwave heating efficiency.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 10","pages":"1650-1653"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-26DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3580893
Andrés Fontana;Dimitra Psychogiou
A multiconfigurable monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) filter is reported. It exhibits three modes of operation, namely, a high-attenuation single-notch bandstop (BS) mode, a dual-notch BS mode, and an all-pass (AP) mode. It is based on a bridged-T network (BTN) using a minimum number of lumped elements and a signal cancellation technique to counteract the effect of the low on-chip quality factor. Transfer function tuning and bandstop-to-all-pass filter (BSF-to-AP) mode reconfigurability are readily obtained by tuning the frequency of two resonators. A prototype was manufactured using a pHEMT GaAs MMIC process exhibiting a BS mode with frequency tuning range ($Delta f_{0}$ ) of 16% and suppression up to 68.5 dB, a dual-notch BS mode with $Delta f_{0}$ of 15% and 20% fractional bandwidth (FBW), and an AP mode with insertion loss <5.3 dB.
{"title":"Continuously Tunable Ku-Band GaAs Bandstop Filter With Reconfigurable All-Pass Capabilities","authors":"Andrés Fontana;Dimitra Psychogiou","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3580893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3580893","url":null,"abstract":"A multiconfigurable monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) filter is reported. It exhibits three modes of operation, namely, a high-attenuation single-notch bandstop (BS) mode, a dual-notch BS mode, and an all-pass (AP) mode. It is based on a bridged-T network (BTN) using a minimum number of lumped elements and a signal cancellation technique to counteract the effect of the low on-chip quality factor. Transfer function tuning and bandstop-to-all-pass filter (BSF-to-AP) mode reconfigurability are readily obtained by tuning the frequency of two resonators. A prototype was manufactured using a pHEMT GaAs MMIC process exhibiting a BS mode with frequency tuning range (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$Delta f_{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 16% and suppression up to 68.5 dB, a dual-notch BS mode with <inline-formula> <tex-math>$Delta f_{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 15% and 20% fractional bandwidth (FBW), and an AP mode with insertion loss <5.3 dB.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 9","pages":"1284-1287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11052270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-25DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3581156
Kariny Nunes Maia;Audrey Martin;Pierre Blondy
This letter presents a phase-change material (PCM) switch-based trimming technique for an radio frequency (RF) L–C output matching circuit fabricated on high-resistivity silicon. By leveraging the memory properties of PCM switches, the proposed circuit enables precise postfabrication adjustments to compensating for active device variations. The measured L–C circuit inductor is tuned from 1.3 to 1.6 nH by switching its parallel capacitance, while the capacitor is adjusted from 0.7 to 1.2 pF, resulting in four distinct impedance states. The measured total insertion loss ranges from −1.62 to −2.95 dB, showing good agreement with simulations. The complete circuit occupies an area of $332times 363~mu $ m2, which is nearly identical to its fixed version.
{"title":"RF Integrated Passive Devices Trimming Using Phase Change Material Switches","authors":"Kariny Nunes Maia;Audrey Martin;Pierre Blondy","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3581156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3581156","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a phase-change material (PCM) switch-based trimming technique for an radio frequency (RF) <italic>L</i>–<italic>C</i> output matching circuit fabricated on high-resistivity silicon. By leveraging the memory properties of PCM switches, the proposed circuit enables precise postfabrication adjustments to compensating for active device variations. The measured <italic>L</i>–<italic>C</i> circuit inductor is tuned from 1.3 to 1.6 nH by switching its parallel capacitance, while the capacitor is adjusted from 0.7 to 1.2 pF, resulting in four distinct impedance states. The measured total insertion loss ranges from −1.62 to −2.95 dB, showing good agreement with simulations. The complete circuit occupies an area of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$332times 363~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m<sup>2</sup>, which is nearly identical to its fixed version.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 9","pages":"1340-1343"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this letter, a bandpass filter (BPF) operating at the W band is presented by utilizing microstructure electrochemical fabrication (MEFAB) technology. The BPF is made up of two coupled air-filled rectangular cavities which are purposely developed for a second-order Chebyshev response. Inside each cavity, half-wavelength short-circuited stubs are attached to support the vertical ground-signal–ground (GSG) feeding probes. Naturally, by means of adjusting the relative position of two feeding probes, extra transmission zeros (TZs) can be introduced to improve the out-of-band rejection. Finally, a practical air-cavity filter is fabricated for validation. The measured results show good agreement with the simulated ones, exhibiting a low in-band insertion loss of about 0.66 dB and the 3-dB fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 3.6% with the central frequency at 94 GHz.
{"title":"An Air-Filled Cavity Bandpass Filter Processed by Microstructure Electrochemical Fabrication With Self-Supported GSG Feeding Probe","authors":"Feng Huang;Jing Zhou;Wanping Zhang;Lijie Xu;Bo Li;Lei Zhu","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3581334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3581334","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a bandpass filter (BPF) operating at the <italic>W</i> band is presented by utilizing microstructure electrochemical fabrication (MEFAB) technology. The BPF is made up of two coupled air-filled rectangular cavities which are purposely developed for a second-order Chebyshev response. Inside each cavity, half-wavelength short-circuited stubs are attached to support the vertical ground-signal–ground (GSG) feeding probes. Naturally, by means of adjusting the relative position of two feeding probes, extra transmission zeros (TZs) can be introduced to improve the out-of-band rejection. Finally, a practical air-cavity filter is fabricated for validation. The measured results show good agreement with the simulated ones, exhibiting a low in-band insertion loss of about 0.66 dB and the 3-dB fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 3.6% with the central frequency at 94 GHz.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 9","pages":"1280-1283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-20DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3578722
Xiaopan Chen;Yongle Wu;Zhuoyin Chen;Moushu Yang;Shuchen Zhen;Weimin Wang
This letter presents a novel bandpass filtering power amplifier (FPA) structure featuring a dc-block input matching network (IMN), which utilizes a filtering impedance transformer consisting of two cascaded coupled-lines, a short-circuit coupled-line (SCCL), and a parallel resonator (PR). The SCCL generates transmission zeros (TZs) near the passband, enabling sharp roll-off characteristics. The PR enhances filtering response while occupying minimal circuit area. For verification, a monolithic microwave-integrated circuit (MMIC) FPA using 0.25-$mu $ m GaAs process was designed and fabricated, implementing serpentine routing for a highly compact layout. The measurement results demonstrate 30-dB out-of-band rejection, 27-dBm output power, and 46%–55% drain efficiency (DE) in 9–11 GHz. The adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) is lower than −48.4 dBc with digital predistortion (DPD) using a 60-MHz 64-QAM 5G-NR signal.
{"title":"Fully Integrated GaAs MMIC Bandpass Filtering Power Amplifier Chip With Compact Couple-Line-Based Matching Network","authors":"Xiaopan Chen;Yongle Wu;Zhuoyin Chen;Moushu Yang;Shuchen Zhen;Weimin Wang","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3578722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3578722","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a novel bandpass filtering power amplifier (FPA) structure featuring a dc-block input matching network (IMN), which utilizes a filtering impedance transformer consisting of two cascaded coupled-lines, a short-circuit coupled-line (SCCL), and a parallel resonator (PR). The SCCL generates transmission zeros (TZs) near the passband, enabling sharp roll-off characteristics. The PR enhances filtering response while occupying minimal circuit area. For verification, a monolithic microwave-integrated circuit (MMIC) FPA using 0.25-<inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m GaAs process was designed and fabricated, implementing serpentine routing for a highly compact layout. The measurement results demonstrate 30-dB out-of-band rejection, 27-dBm output power, and 46%–55% drain efficiency (DE) in 9–11 GHz. The adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) is lower than −48.4 dBc with digital predistortion (DPD) using a 60-MHz 64-QAM 5G-NR signal.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 9","pages":"1416-1419"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-19DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3577982
Ahmed Helaly;Mohammed Helal;Gabriel M. Rebeiz
This letter presents a 10–60-GHz low-noise amplifier (LNA) implemented in CMOS FinFET technology. The LNA consists of four gain-staggered cascode stages to cover the wide bandwidth. Resistive feedback and multipole loads are used to achieve wideband operation. A high coupling coefficient balun is used to generate a differential output signal. The LNA has a measured small-signal peak gain of 23 dB with a noise figure (NF) of 3.2–4.4 dB. The LNA also achieves an output-referred 1-dB compression point of 0 dBm at the center frequency of the band and consumes a total power of 32 mW occupying an active area of $0.8times 0.29~text {mm}^{2}$ . Application areas are phased arrays covering multiple 5G bands and multistandard receivers.
{"title":"A 10–60-GHz LNA With 3.2–4.4-dB NF for Wideband Applications in 16-nm FinFET Process","authors":"Ahmed Helaly;Mohammed Helal;Gabriel M. Rebeiz","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3577982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3577982","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a 10–60-GHz low-noise amplifier (LNA) implemented in CMOS FinFET technology. The LNA consists of four gain-staggered cascode stages to cover the wide bandwidth. Resistive feedback and multipole loads are used to achieve wideband operation. A high coupling coefficient balun is used to generate a differential output signal. The LNA has a measured small-signal peak gain of 23 dB with a noise figure (NF) of 3.2–4.4 dB. The LNA also achieves an output-referred 1-dB compression point of 0 dBm at the center frequency of the band and consumes a total power of 32 mW occupying an active area of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$0.8times 0.29~text {mm}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Application areas are phased arrays covering multiple 5G bands and multistandard receivers.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 9","pages":"1360-1363"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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