Pub Date : 2023-07-13DOI: 10.1038/s44159-023-00216-6
Ludvig Daae Bjørndal
{"title":"The relationship between stressful life events and depression risk","authors":"Ludvig Daae Bjørndal","doi":"10.1038/s44159-023-00216-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44159-023-00216-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74249,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews psychology","volume":"2 9","pages":"520-520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46540990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-10DOI: 10.1038/s44159-023-00215-7
Michael Geers
{"title":"Linking lab and field research","authors":"Michael Geers","doi":"10.1038/s44159-023-00215-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44159-023-00215-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74249,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews psychology","volume":"2 8","pages":"458-458"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46179012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-07DOI: 10.1038/s44159-023-00210-y
Two articles in Nature Reviews Psychology shift the focus of research on racial bias from individual-level biases to the systemic, structural and historic forces that shape them.
{"title":"Sources of bias beyond the individual","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44159-023-00210-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44159-023-00210-y","url":null,"abstract":"Two articles in Nature Reviews Psychology shift the focus of research on racial bias from individual-level biases to the systemic, structural and historic forces that shape them.","PeriodicalId":74249,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews psychology","volume":"2 7","pages":"385-385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44159-023-00210-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47801212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.1038/s44159-023-00205-9
Katharine N. Thakkar, Amanda McCleery, Kyle S. Minor, Junghee Lee, Clara S. Humpston, William J. Chopik, S. Alexandra Burt, Amber L. Pearson, Michael Ungar, Sohee Park
Psychosis research has traditionally focused on vulnerability and the detrimental outcomes of risk exposure. However, there is substantial variability in psychological and functional outcomes for those at risk for psychosis, even among individuals at high risk. Comparatively little work has highlighted the factors associated with resilience and the processes that might avert serious mental illness and promote positive outcomes. In this Review, we first discuss the prevailing risk-based approach to psychosis. We then outline a resilience-based approach by defining multisystemic mental health resilience and considering what constitutes a positive outcome. We examine evidence of biological, psychological, social and environmental protective and promotive factors that might confer resilience in the context of psychosis risk. A greater understanding of the factors and processes implicated in resilience has the potential to inform psychosis intervention and prevention efforts at multiple levels, including individuals, institutions and policy-making. Psychosis research has traditionally focused on vulnerability and the detrimental outcomes of risk exposure. In this Review, Thakkar et al. consider an alternative resilience-based approach focused on resources and strengths that might help protect against negative illness course among people at risk.
{"title":"Moving from risk to resilience in psychosis research","authors":"Katharine N. Thakkar, Amanda McCleery, Kyle S. Minor, Junghee Lee, Clara S. Humpston, William J. Chopik, S. Alexandra Burt, Amber L. Pearson, Michael Ungar, Sohee Park","doi":"10.1038/s44159-023-00205-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44159-023-00205-9","url":null,"abstract":"Psychosis research has traditionally focused on vulnerability and the detrimental outcomes of risk exposure. However, there is substantial variability in psychological and functional outcomes for those at risk for psychosis, even among individuals at high risk. Comparatively little work has highlighted the factors associated with resilience and the processes that might avert serious mental illness and promote positive outcomes. In this Review, we first discuss the prevailing risk-based approach to psychosis. We then outline a resilience-based approach by defining multisystemic mental health resilience and considering what constitutes a positive outcome. We examine evidence of biological, psychological, social and environmental protective and promotive factors that might confer resilience in the context of psychosis risk. A greater understanding of the factors and processes implicated in resilience has the potential to inform psychosis intervention and prevention efforts at multiple levels, including individuals, institutions and policy-making. Psychosis research has traditionally focused on vulnerability and the detrimental outcomes of risk exposure. In this Review, Thakkar et al. consider an alternative resilience-based approach focused on resources and strengths that might help protect against negative illness course among people at risk.","PeriodicalId":74249,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews psychology","volume":"2 9","pages":"537-555"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41328202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.1038/s44159-023-00211-x
Michael C. Frank
Large language models show remarkable capacities, but it is unclear what abstractions support their behaviour. Methods from developmental psychology can help researchers to understand the representations used by these models, complementing standard computational approaches — and perhaps leading to insights about the nature of mind.
{"title":"Baby steps in evaluating the capacities of large language models","authors":"Michael C. Frank","doi":"10.1038/s44159-023-00211-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44159-023-00211-x","url":null,"abstract":"Large language models show remarkable capacities, but it is unclear what abstractions support their behaviour. Methods from developmental psychology can help researchers to understand the representations used by these models, complementing standard computational approaches — and perhaps leading to insights about the nature of mind.","PeriodicalId":74249,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews psychology","volume":"2 8","pages":"451-452"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41362618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-22DOI: 10.1038/s44159-023-00209-5
Ayanna K. Thomas
Much of the study of cognition has focused on identifying universal principles and has thereby marginalized approaches that consider culture and context. However, embracing context can lead to better methods for identifying universality.
{"title":"Studying cognition in context to identify universal principles","authors":"Ayanna K. Thomas","doi":"10.1038/s44159-023-00209-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44159-023-00209-5","url":null,"abstract":"Much of the study of cognition has focused on identifying universal principles and has thereby marginalized approaches that consider culture and context. However, embracing context can lead to better methods for identifying universality.","PeriodicalId":74249,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews psychology","volume":"2 8","pages":"453-454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57566662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.1038/s44159-023-00200-0
Craig Rodriguez-Seijas, James J. Li, Caroline Balling, Cassandra Brandes, Edward Bernat, Cassandra L. Boness, Miriam K. Forbes, Kelsie T. Forbush, Keanan J. Joyner, Robert F. Krueger, Holly F. Levin-Aspenson, Giorgia Michelini, Eunyoe Ro, Lauren Rutter, Kasey Stanton, Jennifer L. Tackett, Monika Waszczuk, Nicholas R. Eaton
The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is an empirically based, hierarchical model of the structure of psychopathology that was created in response to the limitations of traditional, categorical psychiatric classification frameworks. The HiTOP model has become increasingly popular in clinical psychology and psychiatry since its publication in 2017. In this Review, we consider the applicability of the HiTOP model to diverse, underrepresented and epistemically excluded populations. We first review the philosophy underlying psychopathology research in general to understand the impact of scientific norms on the inclusion of diverse populations within the research canon. We then review the HiTOP approach to modelling psychopathology, and how diverse populations have been included within HiTOP-related research to date. We conclude by highlighting ways for future research to increase the applicability of the HiTOP framework to diverse populations. Seriously engaging with the HiTOP model’s suitability for diverse, underrepresented and epistemically excluded populations is imperative in order to achieve the HiTOP consortium’s goal of delineating a fully empirical classification of psychopathology, and to provide a model that can guide the field of psychopathology research and training to increase representation. The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is an empirically based, hierarchical model of the structure of psychopathology. In this Review, Rodriguez-Seijas et al. consider the applicability of the HiTOP model to diverse, underrepresented and epistemically excluded populations.
{"title":"Diversity and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)","authors":"Craig Rodriguez-Seijas, James J. Li, Caroline Balling, Cassandra Brandes, Edward Bernat, Cassandra L. Boness, Miriam K. Forbes, Kelsie T. Forbush, Keanan J. Joyner, Robert F. Krueger, Holly F. Levin-Aspenson, Giorgia Michelini, Eunyoe Ro, Lauren Rutter, Kasey Stanton, Jennifer L. Tackett, Monika Waszczuk, Nicholas R. Eaton","doi":"10.1038/s44159-023-00200-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44159-023-00200-0","url":null,"abstract":"The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is an empirically based, hierarchical model of the structure of psychopathology that was created in response to the limitations of traditional, categorical psychiatric classification frameworks. The HiTOP model has become increasingly popular in clinical psychology and psychiatry since its publication in 2017. In this Review, we consider the applicability of the HiTOP model to diverse, underrepresented and epistemically excluded populations. We first review the philosophy underlying psychopathology research in general to understand the impact of scientific norms on the inclusion of diverse populations within the research canon. We then review the HiTOP approach to modelling psychopathology, and how diverse populations have been included within HiTOP-related research to date. We conclude by highlighting ways for future research to increase the applicability of the HiTOP framework to diverse populations. Seriously engaging with the HiTOP model’s suitability for diverse, underrepresented and epistemically excluded populations is imperative in order to achieve the HiTOP consortium’s goal of delineating a fully empirical classification of psychopathology, and to provide a model that can guide the field of psychopathology research and training to increase representation. The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is an empirically based, hierarchical model of the structure of psychopathology. In this Review, Rodriguez-Seijas et al. consider the applicability of the HiTOP model to diverse, underrepresented and epistemically excluded populations.","PeriodicalId":74249,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews psychology","volume":"2 8","pages":"483-495"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45053262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-08DOI: 10.1038/s44159-023-00197-6
Luigi Tamè, Matthew R. Longo
The somatosensory system is fundamental to the formation and maintenance of coherent mental representations of the human body. Traditional concepts of somatosensation have been shaped by the principles of somatotopic and hierarchical organization of the primary somatosensory cortex and the motor cortex. However, emerging research has shown that perceptual and neural representations of touch are not fully captured by these principles. In this Review, we critically discuss how newer empirical research has expanded our understanding of touch and body representations. We first consider the role of higher-level categorical information about the body and its parts and the standard configuration of the body. We then discuss empirical evidence showing that functional representations of touch can complement and integrate across topographic organization. Finally, we review how the processing of touch is influenced by the source of the touch (another person or an object), and how the identity of the toucher shapes responses. The somatosensory system processes tactile sensations to represent the human body. In this Review, Tamè and Longo discuss updates to the classical principles of somatosensation that reflect emerging patterns and complexities in how touch is represented.
躯体感觉系统是形成和维持人体连贯心理表征的基础。传统的躯体感觉概念是根据初级躯体感觉皮层和运动皮层的躯体定向和分层组织原则形成的。然而，新出现的研究表明，这些原则并不能完全反映触觉的知觉和神经表征。在这篇综述中，我们将批判性地讨论最新的实证研究如何扩展了我们对触觉和身体表征的理解。我们首先考虑了关于身体及其部位以及身体标准配置的高层次分类信息的作用。然后，我们讨论了经验证据，这些证据表明触觉的功能表征可以补充和整合拓扑组织。最后，我们回顾了触觉处理过程如何受到触觉来源（他人或物体）的影响，以及触觉者的身份如何影响触觉反应。体感系统通过处理触觉来表现人体。在这篇评论中，Tamè 和 Longo 讨论了对体感经典原理的更新，这些更新反映了触觉表现方式中新出现的模式和复杂性。
{"title":"Emerging principles in functional representations of touch","authors":"Luigi Tamè, Matthew R. Longo","doi":"10.1038/s44159-023-00197-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44159-023-00197-6","url":null,"abstract":"The somatosensory system is fundamental to the formation and maintenance of coherent mental representations of the human body. Traditional concepts of somatosensation have been shaped by the principles of somatotopic and hierarchical organization of the primary somatosensory cortex and the motor cortex. However, emerging research has shown that perceptual and neural representations of touch are not fully captured by these principles. In this Review, we critically discuss how newer empirical research has expanded our understanding of touch and body representations. We first consider the role of higher-level categorical information about the body and its parts and the standard configuration of the body. We then discuss empirical evidence showing that functional representations of touch can complement and integrate across topographic organization. Finally, we review how the processing of touch is influenced by the source of the touch (another person or an object), and how the identity of the toucher shapes responses. The somatosensory system processes tactile sensations to represent the human body. In this Review, Tamè and Longo discuss updates to the classical principles of somatosensation that reflect emerging patterns and complexities in how touch is represented.","PeriodicalId":74249,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews psychology","volume":"2 8","pages":"459-471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46637845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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