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Contact chemoreceptive mate recognition in Cerambyx welensii Küster (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) 威氏陶蝇接触化学接受性配偶识别(鞘翅目:陶蝇科)
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12584
Israel Sánchez‐Osorio, Gloria López‐Pantoja, L. Domínguez, María R. López‐Manzano, G. Rosell, Á. Guerrero
Cerambyx welensii Küster (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a wood‐borer responsible for the decline of Mediterranean oaks in open woodlands. To establish that contact pheromones are involved in mate recognition of C. welensii, we extracted the cuticular hydrocarbons by solid phase microextraction at pre‐reproductive, beginning and ending of the reproductive period, and by solvent extraction of prothorax and elytra. The extracts were analysed by GC–MS under electron impact and chemical ionization conditions. Cuticular hydrocarbon profiles varied according to the reproductive period, although differences between sexes were not significant. Two compounds, 11/13‐methylheptacosane and 11‐methylnonacosane were more abundant in females at the beginning and ending of the reproductive periods. Compound 11/13‐methylheptacosane was also more representative in female prothorax than in males, and 2‐methyloctacosane was richer in male elytra than in females. We also studied the role of cuticular hydrocarbons in mate recognition in arena bioassays. Treatment of solvent‐washed dead females and glass dummies with one female equivalent (FE) of cuticular extract elicited mating responses in males, especially at the beginning of the reproductive period, with copulation attempts reaching 61.9% on solvent‐washed dead females and 23.8% on dummies. The successive treatment with synthetic compounds approaching a male cuticular profile inhibited male response. Our results confirm that contact pheromones mediate mate recognition in C. welensii. Knowledge of the precise role played by the major compounds 11/13‐methylheptacosane and 11‐methylnonacosane and other minor compounds representative in female prothorax may contribute to the development of novel management strategies against C. welensii.
Cerambyx welensii Küster(鞘翅目:Cerambycidae)是一种木材蛀虫,是地中海橡树在开阔林地衰退的原因。为了确定接触信息素参与魏氏锥虫的配偶识别,我们在繁殖前、繁殖期开始和结束时通过固相微萃取以及通过溶剂萃取前胸和鞘翅来提取表皮碳氢化合物。在电子冲击和化学电离条件下,通过GC–MS对提取物进行分析。表皮碳氢化合物剖面随生育期而变化,尽管性别之间的差异并不显著。11/13甲基庚烷和11甲基壬烷这两种化合物在雌性生殖期开始和结束时含量更高。化合物11/13-甲基庚烷在雌性前胸中也比在雄性中更具代表性,2-甲基辛烷在雄性鞘翅中比在雌性中更丰富。我们还研究了表皮碳氢化合物在竞技场生物测定中配偶识别中的作用。用一种雌性等效物(FE)的角质提取物处理溶剂洗涤的死亡雌性和玻璃假人会引起雄性的交配反应,尤其是在生殖期开始时,溶剂洗涤的死雌性和假人的交配尝试分别达到61.9%和23.8%。用接近男性表皮轮廓的合成化合物连续处理抑制了男性反应。我们的研究结果证实,接触信息素介导了韦氏锥虫的配偶识别。了解主要化合物11/13-甲基庚烷和11-甲基壬烷以及其他在雌性前胸中具有代表性的次要化合物所起的确切作用,可能有助于开发针对韦氏梭菌的新管理策略。
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引用次数: 1
Cold tolerance of the invasive oak lace bug, Corythucha arcuata 入侵性橡树花边虫Corythucha arcuata的耐寒性
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12585
Márton J. Paulin, Csaba B. Eötvös, Petr Zabransky, György Csóka, Martin Schebeck

北美橡树花边虫(OLB)是欧洲的一种入侵物种,对以橡树为主的森林构成严重威胁。在低温下生存是决定入侵昆虫传播的一个主要因素。因此,我们研究了越冬成虫的关键特征,即耐寒策略、过冷点(SCP)和与寒冷相关的死亡率,以评估它们抵御严冬的潜力。从2020年11月到2021年3月,在匈牙利的三个不同地点每月采集一次SCP测量样本;冷冻实验样本分别于2020年11月、2021年1月和2021年3月取样。越冬成虫的SCP在−29.68至−7.49°C之间,各月之间只有中等变化;C.arcuata是一种避冻物种。暴露在SCP以上两个零下温度(−3和−5°C)下1、2和3天的成年人死亡率 几周的死亡率在0%到69.1%之间,这表明OLB死于冷伤的风险中等。暴露时间和采样日期影响死亡率,3年后存活率最低 周,收集于2021年3月。
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引用次数: 1
Spatial distribution of saproxylic beetles on trunks of standing Scots pine trees 直立苏格兰松树干腐木甲虫的空间分布
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12581
J. Foit, V. Čermák, T. Kudláček

在为期3年的试验中,对12棵健康生长的苏格兰松(Pinus sylvestris L.)上腐木甲虫着陆和爬升茎的空间分布进行了详细的研究。采用粘捕器在树干的三个部位(即树干基部、树干中部和树干顶部)对甲虫进行取样。每棵树的每个部分都使用两个面向相反基本方向(北和南)的粘性陷阱进行采样。在1405份样品中,共获得腐木甲虫169个分类群4063个个体。腐殖酸甲虫群落具有明显的层间多样性,反映了林分中繁殖基质的分布。总体而言,从树干基部到树冠的物种丰富度显著下降,树干中部的物种丰富度处于中等水平。但从树干基部到树冠,菌丝和腐原木丝的丰度呈递减趋势,其中以树冠的木丝丰度最高。主要方向对植物的丰度、物种丰富度和组成的影响总体上较弱,但少数特定物种的发生与面向树干的南(13种)或北(3种)的部分显著相关。我们的研究结果表明,在许多物种的基质选择过程中,主要吸引和随机着陆策略相结合。在不同的分类群中,所研究的解释变量的重要性有很大的差异,这表明任何研究中记录的物种组成可能会改变其一般结果。
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引用次数: 0
Exploration for native parasitoids of Asian longhorned beetle in China as prospective biological control agents 亚洲长角甲虫在中国作为潜在生物防治剂的原生拟寄生物的探索
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12583
Ke Wei, Fei Li, Yan-Long Tang, Liang-Ming Cao, Zhong-Qi Yang, Juli R. Gould, Xiao-Yi Wang, Xingeng Wang

亚洲长角甲虫(Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky))原产于中国和朝鲜半岛(鞘翅目:天牛科),是阔叶树的高风险入侵害虫。为探索美国ALB生物防治的潜力,我们于2019 - 2022年在中国北京、甘肃、贵州、上海和云南五个地理区域使用哨点原木对ALB寄生蜂进行了调查。在北京地区共采集到7种膜翅目幼虫寄生蜂,分别为:拟平茧蜂杨、中国银腹蜂杨、Heydenia sp.、光肩棘蜂杨、冠硬皮蝇肖等乌、牛蛉杨和牛蛉杨。在上海、贵州和云南分别发现4种、3种和2种。甘肃省未发现寄生蜂。北京、贵州、上海和云南的平均寄生率分别为3.6% ~ 15.8%、1.4% ~ 16.4%、1.6% ~ 7.1%和5.8%。在4个不同地区均采集到最具优势的两种寄生蜂,分别为天牛Spathius anplophorae和光肩棘球绦虫(O. glabripennis),可作为生物防治引进剂在美国推广应用。我们讨论了卵类寄生蜂罕见的潜在生态机制,以及未来生物防治白斑病的机遇和挑战。
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引用次数: 0
The persistence of blue ash in the aftermath of emerald ash borer may be due to adult oviposition preferences and reduced larval performance 绿灰螟发生后蓝灰的持续存在可能是由于成虫的产卵偏好和幼虫性能下降所致
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-29 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12582
Don Cipollini, Emily Morton

在俄亥俄州西南部的两个森林中,我们比较了成熟蓝灰(quadrangulata)和成熟白灰(F. americana)的健康状况,并研究了产卵偏好和幼虫抗性对蓝灰持久性的潜在重要性。2012年,蓝灰和白灰基本上没有受到祖母绿灰螟的影响。到2018年,在这些森林中观察到的近90%的蓝灰树有完整或接近完整的树冠,而在我们的研究中遇到的白灰树中,这一比例不到20%。2021年,蓝灰保持了与2018年相似的冠层健康程度,但没有存活的成熟白灰。清除树皮显示,2018年或2021年蓝灰树中没有当前或过去的幼虫进食尝试,除了2018年有一棵被攻击和杀死的树。所有检查过的白蜡树都遭到了攻击。在切茎的实验室生物试验中,绿灰螟幼虫在蓝灰上摄食较少,生长明显慢于在白灰上生长。幼虫繁殖能力的降低和成虫产卵量的减少都可能导致蓝灰在被绿灰螟破坏的森林中持续存在。
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引用次数: 0
Cicadomorpha community (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) in different agroecosystems in the north of Portugal 葡萄牙北部不同农业生态系统中的蝉类群落(半翅目:蝉类)
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-25 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12576
Isabel Rodrigues, Paula Baptista, José Alberto Pereira

蝉亚目是一个多样化的类群,包括几个被认为是经济作物重要害虫的物种和可能作为植物病原体媒介的物种。在欧洲,革兰氏阴性细菌法氏木霉菌是与蝉亚目相关的最重要、最严重的虫媒植物病原体之一。因此,了解与不同农业生态系统相关的本地Cicadomorpha昆虫媒介的丰度和多样性,对于设计和实施控制虫媒植物病原体的具体措施至关重要。在这项工作中,连续两年(2018年和2019年),在三个不同时期(初夏、夏季和秋季)对分布在葡萄牙北部的五个杏仁园、五个葡萄园、5个橄榄园和5个灌木丛进行了采样,以调查蝉群落的物种组成、丰富度和多样性。此外,在2019年,对五个柠檬园进行了采样。共收集到6056只个体(2018年为2322只,2019年为3734只),隶属于三科71种。在这些物种中观察到几种被认为是有害生物或恶性病原体的媒介是可能的。在所有农业生态系统中都捕捉到了已确认的X.fastidiosa(Philaenus spumarius(Linnaeus,1758)和Neophilenus campestris(Fallen,1805))的载体,而且通常在秋季数量更多。在葡萄园中观察到Cicadomorpha的丰度、丰富度和多样性最高。然而,这些参数(丰度、丰富度和多样性)在农业生态系统和采样期之间存在显著差异。如果将虫媒病原体引入农业生态系统,进一步研究植被覆盖的组成如何塑造蝉群落,对于实施减少虫媒病原体传播的策略至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Phorid fly parasitism rates vary between individual colonies of the leaf-cutting ant Atta laevigata 割叶蚁Atta laevigata的单个群体之间的Phorid蝇寄生率各不相同
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12575
Marcos A. L. Bragança, Maria Lucimar O. Souza, Rafael J. Oliveira, Richard I. Samuels

Phorid蝇是切叶蚁的重要天敌。雌蚁在工蚁体内产卵,寄生蜂幼虫以宿主的内部组织为食。在这里,我们研究了四种甲虫在三个不同的田间地点攻击金翅虫个体群落时的寄生率,以进一步了解寄主与寄生蜂的关系。当比较攻击个体群落的甲虫物种时,寄生率存在明显差异。在所采样的13个菌落中,阿氏无头虫或二氏艾氏菌的寄生占主导地位。然而,在四个群落中,大角杨梅和vicosae无头虫是优势物种。研究了四种甲鱼寄生率的变化与从每个群体的觅食路径收集的潜在宿主的大小有关。当将潜在宿主的大小与甲虫物种相关联时,头囊宽度>2的蚂蚁 mm主要寄生于A.vicosae和E.erthali。较小的蚂蚁,头囊宽度为2 毫米或更小的寄主主要由嗜酸性A.attophilus和M.grandcornis寄生。E.erthali的寄生率最高的是在小径上大型工蚁比例最高的个体群落中。虽然A.attophilus的大小几乎是E.erthali的一半,但寄生在两个大的(头囊宽度 > 2. mm)和小型工人(<2 mm)。这与1至16只幼虫可以在单个宿主内发育有关,这取决于宿主的大小。大角分枝杆菌寄生在较小的工蜂身上(平均头囊宽度 = 2. mm),因为这些甲虫本身很小,并且每个宿主内只有一个幼虫发育。这项研究表明,金翅虫个体群落的寄生特征与小径上觅食者的大小有关。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of seedling conspecific density and heterospecific frequency on insect herbivory in a tropical dry forest 同种密度和异种频率对热带干旱林昆虫食草性的影响
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12574
Luis Abdala-Roberts, Jorge Carlos Berny-Mier y Terán, Carla Vázquez-González, Ariel Cohuo, Jorge León, Limbenr Valle, Kailen A. Mooney, Enrique Reyes-Novelo, Xoaquín Moreira

同种植物密度和异源频率是食草动物受损的关键驱动因素。然而,大多数研究都单独研究了它们的影响,并针对单个(而不是多个)重点植物物种进行了研究。我们进行了一项涉及三个树种的实验,即:Cordia docandra(Boraginaceae)、Manilkara zapota(Zapoteae)和piscipula(Fabeae)。我们操纵了M的林下密度。 zapota和C。 十二烷属(焦点种)及其相对于P。 皮西普拉。种植三个月后,我们对前两种昆虫的咀嚼叶器和吮吸损伤进行了调查。由于这些物种受到不同食草动物的攻击,我们预测了异性频率对食草动物产生的负面影响。密度和频率在其对食草动物的影响方向和功能上各不相同,这取决于植物物种和攻击食草动物。不出所料,Piscidia picipula频率对M。 扎波塔叶咀嚼器损伤,而同种密度不影响该物种的咀嚼器损伤。相反,密度和频率对C。 十二面体咀嚼损伤,分别为正(驼峰形)和负(U形)关系。密度和频率对C。 叶蝉对唐的伤害。这些发现要求开展更多的工作,共同评估食草动物密度和频率依赖性变化的植物间特异性变化及其潜在驱动因素。
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引用次数: 0
Fungal, host and non-host volatiles modify attraction of the walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis, to pheromone lures 真菌、寄主和非寄主挥发物改变核桃枝甲虫(Pityophthorus juglandis)对信息素的吸引力
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-05 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12573
Matthew W. Ethington, Matthew D. Ginzel

核桃树千疮病(TCD)是由核桃枝甲虫(Pityophthorus juglandis)传播的致病真菌morbida引起的。WTB的监测工作依赖于以信息素为诱饵的陷阱,但诱饵可能只在短距离内有效吸引甲虫。真菌衍生的kairomones可能会增加现有诱饵的功效,而额外的挥发物可能会将甲虫从有价值的树木上赶走。本研究的目的是确定真菌、寄主和非寄主挥发物在多大程度上改变了WTB对信息素诱捕器的吸引力。一项诱捕研究将真菌、宿主相关和非宿主化合物与WTB信息素诱饵结合起来,在华盛顿州Walla Walla发生TCD爆发的黑核桃种植园进行了三年多的研究。以信息素和莫比达挥发物(即异戊醇和异丁醇)为诱饵的诱捕器始终吸引更多的WTB,而其他真菌挥发物与仅以信息素为诱饵的诱捕器相比,吸引力不一致。这是第一次实地研究,证明真菌挥发物可以增加树皮甲虫对硬木系统中信息素的吸引力。一种真菌(苯甲醇)和另外两种挥发物(柠檬烯、胡椒酮)可从信息素诱捕器中击退WTB。虽然已知柠檬烯可以击退WTB,但这是首次证明苯甲醇和胡椒酮可以击退树皮甲虫。真菌挥发物可以提高监测工作的有效性,并可能在WTB的管理策略中发挥重要作用,特别是在检测新生种群的引入和建立以及保护树木免受甲虫的入侵方面。
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引用次数: 0
Sex pheromone of Nearctic Agriotes mancus and its similarity to that of three Palearctic Agriotes invasive in North America 北美新北洋洋槐的性信息素及其与三种入侵的古北洋洋槐的相似性
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-29 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12568
Kendal Singleton, Willem G. van Herk, Julien Saguez, Ian Scott, Regine Gries, Gerhard Gries
The wheat wireworm, Agriotes mancus (Coleoptera: Elateridae), is a predominant elaterid pest species in the Nearctic region, with a life history and morphology similar to those of Agriotes obscurus, Agriotes lineatus and Agriotes sputator, three Palearctic pest elaterids invasive in North America. Here, we report the identification and field testing of the sex pheromone of A. mancus. We collected headspace volatiles from female beetles on Porapak Q, and analysed aliquots of Porapak extract by gas chromatography with electroantennographic detection (GC‐EAD) and by GC‐mass spectrometry. In GC‐EAD recordings, two esters—geranyl butanoate and geranyl hexanoate—elicited antennal responses from A. mancus males. In field experiments, trap lures containing both geranyl butanoate and geranyl hexanoate afforded large captures of A. mancus males, which were—on average—approximately 30‐fold higher than captures in traps baited with a single ester. Traps baited with geranyl butanoate as a single‐component lure captured a significant number of Palearctic A. sputator, indicating the establishment of A. sputator in its invaded Nearctic range. With the A. mancus sex pheromone now known, it can be included in the development of pheromone‐based programmes to monitor and manage native and invasive Agriotes pests in North America.
小麦线虫(Agriotes mancus,鞘翅目:扁豆科)是新北极地区的优势扁豆害虫,其生活史和形态与入侵北美的三种古北扁豆害虫Agriotes obscurus、Agriotes lineatus和Agriotes sputator相似。本文报道了马尾松属植物性信息素的鉴定及田间检测结果。我们收集了Porapak Q上雌性甲虫的顶空挥发物,并通过气相色谱-触角电检测(GC - EAD)和GC -质谱分析了Porapak提取物的等分。在气相色谱- EAD记录中,两种酯-丁酸香叶酯和己酸香叶酯-引起了曼库斯雄蛙的触角反应。在现场实验中,同时含有丁酸香叶酯和己酸香叶酯的诱捕器能捕获大量雄性野鼠,平均比只含有单一酯的诱捕器捕获量高约30倍。以丁酸香叶酯为单组分诱捕器捕获了大量古北地区的臭腹田鼠,表明臭腹田鼠已在其入侵的新北极地区定居。现在已知了mancus的性信息素,可以将其纳入基于信息素的规划中,以监测和管理北美本地和入侵的Agriotes害虫。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Agricultural and Forest Entomology
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