Sensors & diagnostics最新文献

Digital biosensors facilitate real-time, remote, precise disease detection and biochemical analysis. Recent trends in biosensing methods have focused on miniaturization, automation, and multiplexing. The miniaturization of biosensors has led to the development of portable, flexible, and wearable devices that can be used for point-of-care diagnostics and continuous health monitoring. Furthermore, digital automation has enabled the high-throughput screening of samples, reducing the time and cost of analysis, while integrated multiplexing allows for the simultaneous detection of multiple analytes, increasing the efficiency and accuracy of analysis. This article examines recent scientific advances in developing miniaturized biosensing procedures for digital healthcare. Advancements in digital devices have also contributed to the development of integrated biosensing. The use of smartphones, smartwatches, and other digital devices as readout platforms for biosensors has made biosensing more accessible and user-friendly. The development of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms has allowed for the interpretation and analysis of complex biosensor data. This review compares biosensing with current state-of-the-art diagnostic technology. After incorporating biosensors with artificial intelligence in an internet of things platform, they will have enormous potential and market value in the future for personalized healthcare. Based on various device performances and impacts, sensing methods, designs, compatibilities, functionalities, technology integrations, and developments are systematically discussed in this article. The primary objective of this review was to present a comprehensive discussion from the point of view of both technological advancements and translational wisdom. It is essential to have intelligent point-of-care devices with digital technologies for real-time healthcare management. The vision of the future healthcare industry encompasses a range of biosensing methods that offer a glimpse into new possibilities for the market.

This paper presents a review of optical sensor systems for wearable applications aiming at the new demands on healthcare motivated not only by the new paradigms in internet of things, but also in photonics development and artificial intelligence algorithms. In this context, the overview of musculoskeletal disorders and the role of wearable sensor systems in such applications are discussed. In addition, there is a comprehensive discussion of the components of wearable sensor systems with the novel developments and approaches in different wearable applications. Thus, the optical fiber sensor developments, approaches and applications are discussed for their use in smart textiles, biosensors and intrusive applications. Moreover, new developments on power supplies are discussed aiming at self-powered sensor systems. Therefore, this review paper can aid in the development of the new generation of wearable sensor systems in healthcare applications using optical fiber sensors and general optical based sensors, which can overcome or mitigate the shortcomings of conventional sensor technologies.

This article reports the methodology and the proof of concept of a blood-based diagnostic strategy for the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The proposed method relies on the non-specific/selective array-based sensing strategy mimicking the human olfactory system using a cucurbit[7]uril macrocycle receptor conjugated with a library of environmentally sensitive fluorophores. The study cohort includes 26 samples, i.e. 12 cases and 14 controls. Statistical analysis methods such as linear discriminant and random forest were able to successfully classify and discriminate the two groups with almost 90% accuracy. This diagnostic result highlights the methodology and confirms the potential of this non-specific/selective sensing approach for non-invasive clinical diagnosis.

A fluorescent pyrazinium-based 1-benzyl-3,5-diphenylpyrazin-1-ium bromide (BPPyz) chemosensor was synthesized and well-characterized. A significant reduction in blue emission of BPPyz was observed in the presence of TNP as compared to other nitroaromatic compounds, indicating high selectivity towards TNP. In the presence of sulfite ions, BPPyz showed fluorescence quenching and rapid naked-eye detection with a significant color change. The sensing mechanism was investigated through UV–visible studies, time-resolved fluorescence results, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The quenching constants (K_SV) are 4.12 × 10⁵ M⁻¹ for TNP and 3.8 × 10⁵ M⁻¹ for sulfite with the detection limits of 9.5 nM and 46.17 nM for TNP and sulfite, respectively. The selectivity of BPPyz towards TNP was ascribed to the ground state charge transfer complex (GSC) formation and resonance energy transfer. Sulfite ion detection involved the formation of a GSC through hydrogen bonding with the pyrazinium proton.

We report the synthesis and characterization of two new molecules based on the N-annulated perylene diimide (PDIN-H) dye, modified with an octyl sulfide or octyl sulfone group. The octyl sulfone group increases electron affinity of the PDI core for higher sensitivity to amine detection in both solution and film, which was validated by using a flexible electronic sensing platform towards n-butylamine detection.

Fluorescence imaging along with a wide range of fluorescence detection methodologies enables the visualization of macromolecular dynamics in clinical diagnostics and fundamental biomedical research. However, multiplexed fluorescence-based detection has hitherto been largely limited by the overlap of the emission spectra of fluorophores, which only with four or five fluorochrome dyes enable simultaneous use. Fluorescent barcodes with high resolution and high throughput have emerged as a versatile biosensor platform for multianalyte analysis via fine control of fluorescence proportional types, spatial geometries, specific fluorescence properties, and time dimensions. Fluorescence imaging of RNA enables the visualization of physiological and pathological processes at the subcellular level, which is highly important for biomedical diagnostics and therapies and has made tremendous progress toward understanding the complexity of biological systems. In this review, we provide the design and development of fluorescence coding techniques for multiplexed bioanalysis detection and then discuss their applications in RNA biosensors. Additionally, associated challenges in the field and potential solutions will be discussed. Overall, we hope this review will inspire researchers and pave the way for the future design of fluorescent biosensors.

In view of the worldwide impact of SARS-CoV-2, developing rapid and accurate ELISA-based methods for detecting SARS-CoV-2 is of great importance for diagnosing and controlling coronavirus disease 2019. Herein, we report highly stable and fluorescently bright Si–rhodamine analogues with obviously improved Stokes shifts for IgG antibody labelling. These new fluorescent dye labels provide a promising fluorescence tool for SARS-Cov-2 detection.

Modified synthetic peptides have emerged as an exciting avenue for enhancing therapeutic efficacy and expanding the scope of applications in various disease contexts. Indeed, the inherent tunability of synthetic peptides has facilitated the creation of highly selective and responsive sensors capable of detecting specific analytes with precision. More recently, their unique structural diversity and chemical versatility has been elegantly adapted for use in supramolecular sensing platforms. This Perspective article highlights the synergistic interplay between modified synthetic peptides, therapeutic applications, and the sensing technologies that underscore the interdisciplinary nature of contemporary chemistry.

Fluoride is a vital trace mineral for healthy bones and teeth, but a higher intake can lead to nephrolithiasis, dental/skeletal fluorosis, etc. Many dry regions worldwide contain higher fluoride than the WHO permissible limit of 1.5 ppm, necessitating a simple fluoride detection protocol. We adopted a fluoride-triggered desilylation strategy, which releases a sensitizer and enhances Tb³⁺ luminescence in a TbCh gel matrix. Under the optimized assaying conditions, the pro-sensitizer exhibited a selective response with a detection limit of 27 ppb, well below the WHO permissible limit. We also immobilized the gels on paper discs to detect fluoride from real-life samples (e.g., toothpaste, groundwater), and the results were validated using the standard ISE method. The promising results suggest nonexpert users adapting the protocol in resource-limited areas to provide quality control analysis.

Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum), a high-value crop, exhibit a unique relationship with salt, where increased levels of NaCl can enhance flavor, aroma and nutritional quality but can cause oxidative damage and reduce yields. A drive for larger, better-looking tomatoes has reduced the importance of salt sensitivity, a concern considering that the sodium content of agricultural land is increasing over time. Currently, there are no simple ways of comparing salt tolerance between plants, where a holistic approach looking at [Na⁺] throughout the plant typically involves destructive, single time point measurements or expensive imaging techniques. Finding methods that collect rapid information in real time could improve the understanding of salt resistance in the field. Here we investigate the uptake of NaCl by tomatoes using TETRIS (Time-resolved Electrochemical Technology for plant Root environment In situ chemical Sensing), a platform used to measure chemical signals in the root area of living plants. Low-cost, screen-printed electrochemical sensors were used to measure changes in salt concentration via electrical impedance measurements, facilitating the monitoring of the uptake of ions by roots. We not only demonstrated differences in the rate of uptake of NaCl between tomato seedlings under different growth conditions, but also showed differences in uptake between varieties of tomato with different NaCl sensitivities and the relatively salt-resistant “wild tomato” (Solanum pimpinellifolium) sister species. Our results suggest that TETRIS could be used to ascertain physiological traits of salt resistance found in adult plants but at the seedling stage of growth. This extrapolation, and the possibility to multiplex and change sensor configuration, could enable high-throughput screening of many hundreds or thousands of mutants or varieties.