Vertex (Buenos Aires, Argentina)最新文献

Introduction: Inappropriate prescribing is a major problem in psychiatric care in older adults. Factors such as the high proportion of older people with a high prevalence of mental disorders, the physiological changes typical of aging,multimorbidity, polypharmacy, the lack of evidence in treatment guidelines for this population, the degree of professional ignorance; give rise to the propensity to make prescription errors of various kinds.

Objective: To review and summarize the available prescription tools that can provide support to improve prescription practices in psychopharmacology of the elderly. Method: A bibliographic review of the tools to reduce prescription errors in older adults was carried out: pharmacological reconciliation, interaction check, prevention, detection and reversal of prescription cascades and tools with explicit and implicit criteria (MAI, Beers, STOPP/START, FORTA, IFAsPIAM).

Results: A clipping was made that groups the recommendations in the field of psychopharmacology.

Conclusions: As there are no specific tools to improve practices in geriatric psychopharmacology, a compendium of its recommendations can be of orientation to the psychiatrist of older adults.

Introduction: Inclusive morphemes in Spanish, -e y -x, have begun to be used in place of generic masculine forms. In this study, we look at the processing of sentences with inclusive language from the perspective of experimental cognitive psychology and with the methodological tools of psycholinguistics.

Methods: A sentence-by-sentence self-paced reading experiment examined the difference in reading times between sentences containing the traditional, masculine, generic form and sentences with gender inclusive language. The experiment was carried out in 69 monolingual speakers of River Plate Spanish: 38 young adults (between 18 and 30 years: 23 women and 15 men) and 31 older adults (between 31 and 60 years: 12 women and 19 men). Results: sentences with inclusive language were read more slowly than sentences with the generic masculine form. Surprisingly, neither age nor gender were found to have significant effects.

Discussion: These results suggest that reading sentences with inclusive morphemes results in a higher processing costand that this language change is in its very early stages.

This qualitative study researched the determinants influencing family physician’s decision on benzodiazepine prescription in a primary care setting, in the city of Rio de Janeiro. An analysis was sought to be elaborated, on how the prescription is negotiated between physician and user. Twelve general practitioners settled in primary care were recruited, gave acceptance signing free and informed consent form, responding to a semi-structured questionnaire that was recorded and transcribed verbatim for analysis, from August to December 2017. The questionnaire addressed physicians' perception of complaints in benzodiazepines users, and alternatives offered instead of medicines. Anxiety and insomnia were cited as the most frequent reasons for use. There was also mention of nonspecific somatic complaints, chronic pain, arterial hypertension, and dependence. Most physicians proposed the therapeutic alliance as a mechanism for offering alternatives to reduce the chronic use of benzodiazepines, despite this intervention achieving a low success rate. Longitudinal care was evidenced as a guiding principle. The analysis of the meanings attributed to BZD, as unveiledin this work, promotes a discussion about the place of medication in culture and its consequences in the approach to psychological and mental suffering.

This document constitutes the second section A of the Third Argentine Consensus on the Management of Bipolar Disorders, focused on synthesizing the most updated evidence on therapeutic approaches for adult patients. The aim of this section (2A) is to provide therapeutic recommendations for managing bipolar disorders in adults. In addition, the scope of this current manuscript outlines recommendations on the use of treatment guidelines, levels of evidence available to support these recommendations, general considerations for the treatment of bipolar disorders, the so-called pseudoresistance and adherence to treatment, general considerations on psychological therapies, as well as long term treatment of bipolar disorders.

Ghosting has become a way to end abruptly short/casual relationships. It is the practice of ending a personal relationship suddenly and without explanation withdrawing from all communication. Nowadays at family courts, the quality of psychology expert witness reports is limited to transcribe the interviewed person words, without applying any professional method tending to elaborate a diagnosis.On the other side, usually the formal procedures mandated by the law are not followed, may be due to the excessive amount of work. These two reasons lead to impose home exclusion or different kind of restrictions to see one or more members of the family, measures that facilitate de abrupt termination of the family bond, developing serious psychological consequences to the excluded person. Attempts are made to warn about the need for real expert reports that help judges to improve decision-making, to not facilitate long term family relationships ending.

Introduction: Functional capacity is decreased in people with Cardiovascular Diseases and Chronic Respiratory Diseases. These diseases have also been associated with cognitive dysfunction. The study examines the efficacy of a cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program in the recovery of functional capacity and analyzes whether subjects with cardiopulmonary diseases suffer from cognitive dysfunction. Materials and methods: Participated 50 adults with medium-high education who completed a cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program of between 3 and 6 months based on physical education, nutritional education, promotion of healthy habits and medication management. Functional capacity was evaluated with the Duke index at the beginning and end of the program. Memory and language tests were also administered, for the only time, at the beginning of the program, comparing the values obtained with Argentine normative studies. The data was analyzed with the Wilcoxon test, bivariate correlations, and linear regression. Results: Functional capacity increased significantly at the end of the program. In any case, the post-program Duke value suggests that the functional capacity of the patients continues to be affected. On the other hand, a memory test explained 10,8% of the variance in the Duke index, and there are no findings of cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion: The functional capacity of cardiopulmonary patients improved with the rehabilitation program, although this improvement is clinically insufficient. Better memory performance predicted greater functional capacity, which is why it is suggested to add cognitive stimulation workshops to cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programs. This sample with cardiopulmonary disease does not present cognitive dysfunction, probably due to its high cognitive reserve.

Introduction: Functional capacity is decreased in people with Cardiovascular Diseases and Chronic Respiratory Diseases. These diseases have also been associated with cognitive dysfunction. The study examines the efficacy of a cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program in the recovery of functional capacity and analyzes whether subjects with cardiopulmonary diseases suffer from cognitive dysfunction.

Materials and methods: Participated 50 adults with medium-high education who completed a cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program of between 3 and 6 months based on physical education, nutritional education, promotion of healthy habits and medication management. Functional capacity was evaluated with the Duke index at the beginning and end of the program. Memory and language tests were also administered, for the only time, at the beginning of the program, comparing the values obtained with Argentine normative studies. The data was analyzed with the Wilcoxon test, bivariate correlations, and linear regression.

Results: Functional capacity increased significantly at the end of the program. In any case, the p

The Third Argentine Consensus on the management of bipolar disorders (TB) is an initiative of the Argentine Association of Biological Psychiatry (AAPB). As a reference document, this consensus pursues two main objectives: on the one hand, to summarize and systematize the best available evidence on the comprehensive management of this pathology; on the other, to provide a useful, up-to-date instrument for psychiatrists, multidisciplinary teams dedicated to mental health, and government agencies. During a period of approximately six months of work -that is, from May to October 2022- acommittee of experts made up of 18 professionals and representatives of the three most important Psychiatry and Mental Health associations in Argentina (that is, the AAPB, the Argentine Association of Psychiatrists, AAP, and the Association of Argentine Psychiatrists, APSA) have focused on updating the information regarding TB. Finally, this document was prepared as a result of an exhaustive review of the bibliography published to date, which was strategically divided into three parts: the first deals with the generalities of TB; the second deals with the comprehensive treatment of thepathology; finally, the third analyzes TB in the context of special situations.