American Anthropologist最新文献

A proportion of patients with anterior glenohumeral instability present with bipolar bone loss comprising large Hill-Sachs lesions and substantial glenoid defect. These are surgically difficult cases to treat. We describe a novel surgical procedure of bulk size-matched osteochondral allograft reconstruction for massive Hill-Sachs lesions combined with the Latarjet procedure for these challenging cases.

Owing to limited usefulness of Rheumatoid Factor and anti-CCP in rheumatoid arthritis, there is a need to identify a more sensitive and specific biomarker to detect rheumatoid arthritis (RA), particularly seronegative RA cases. Tenascin-C is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, which has been implicated in the pathophysiology of RA. The objective of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of serum Tenascin-C in seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis patients. We conducted a cross-sectional case control study. Sixty patients who fulfilled the ACR 2010 criteria for rheumatoid arthritis were included in the study. Thirty patients were found to be positive for RF and/or anti-CCP and 30 were negative for both RF and anti-CCP. Thirty age and gender-matched healthy subjects were taken as controls. Serum Tenascin-C was measured by quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. The mean serum concentration of Tenascin-C in controls, seronegative and seropositive cases was 0.66 ng/ml, 20.54 ng/ml and 23.42 ng/ml, respectively. Tenascin-C levels were significantly higher in RA cases compared to controls (p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in Tenascin-C between seropositive and seronegative cases (p = 0.603). ROC curve analysis showed a sensitivity of 96.6% and specificity of 100% with AUC of 0.98 at 2.21 ng/ml as cut-off value for diagnosing RA. Tenascin-C is elevated in both seronegative and seropositive RA, which indicates that it can be used as a sensitive marker for RA. The addition of Tenascin-C to the existing RF and anti-CCP may help in identifying a large number of patients with RA, particularly seronegative rheumatoid arthritis cases.

“Our blood is becoming white.” This was a constant lament I heard from siddis in contemporary Hyderabad, India—third- and fourth-generation descendants of East African slaves and soldiers recruited by the local ruler or Nizam in the 1860s to form the African Cavalry Guard in his army. The article explores this siddi lament and the multivalent symbols—of color, blood, affect, belonging—latent in it. It draws on fieldwork conducted over the course of the last decade among siddis in Hyderabad, ambivalently situated as Indian citizens who are racialized as “Black” in an Indian and global order that denigrates Blackness and marked by their religious identification as Muslim in a virulently Hindu nation. The article unpacks these contexts, exploring the forces of empire and region and constructions of race, gender, and religion that have prodded and inflected siddi processes of becoming. In so doing, it unearths the ways in which Blackness, Muslimness, and masculinity are constituted as (intersecting) social and political categories, caught in the dialectics of alienation and intimacy, belonging and otherness, with enduring effects on the lives and cosmologies of siddis in Hyderabad and on the contemporary politics of race, gender, and religion in India.

This article explores the making of identity for two sets of human skeletal remains, labeled 1928 Hurricane Victims 1 and 2 Belle Glade. The remains are so poorly preserved that traditional bioarchaeological analysis to explore their perimortem identity is not possible. However, an exploration of their postmortem identity allows us to examine the relationship between landscape, soil, memory, and bodies in bioarchaeology. This article challenges us to consider how bioarchaeology “makes” identity. It does so against the backdrop of one of the worst natural history disasters in United States history, the 1928 Lake Okeechobee Hurricane in Belle Glade, Florida. The loss of some 2,000 to 3,000 individuals in one night, primarily Black migrant farm laborers, is little remembered in national history, but it profoundly shaped the region, and contributes to an ongoing creation of a category of skeletal remains found in the area even today and labeled hurricane victims.

How might our analysis of fascism be enriched if we turn our attention to how contemporary supremacist movements self-fashion themselves as more-than-human formations? How is fascist politics naturalized through claims that it is fueled by the agency and vitality of not just humans but also other-than-humans? How do right-wing supremacists’ assertions that theirs is an indigenous more-than-human politics that suffered but endured the violence of colonialism support the framing of fascism as a decolonizing project? In this article, we ground these questions in an ethnographic analysis of what we call the more-than-human turn in contemporary Hindu-supremacist politics in the northwestern Himalayan region, focusing specifically on two political projects: the Hindu right-wing's rediscovery of “ancient” Hindu rivers and communities in Ladakh and cow protection in Uttarakhand. In contrast to ontological anthropologists who suggest that cosmopolitics is plural and liberatory, we demonstrate how the inclusion of nonhuman entities in political life can serve to naturalize a fascist politics that seeks the extermination of those who are not part of the natural order of life. We urge anthropologists to make room for skepticism and critique in their analysis of cosmopolitical formations instead of prematurely celebrating “ecopolitics” as anti-Western and anticolonial.

Spindle cell neoplasm of the tonsil are rare (Minami et al. in Am J Otolaryngol 29(2):123-125, 2008) and can be difficult to diagnose due to their non-specific clinical presentation and histological characteristics (Su et al. in J Chin Med Assoc 69(10):478-483, 2006). Differential diagnoses include lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma (Hyams in Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci 3(2):117-126, 1978). Oropharyngeal spindle cell neoplasms were more likely to occur in the tongue base and tonsil (58%) (Gerry et al. in Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 123(8):576-583, 2014). In this article, we report a case of tonsillar spindle cell neoplasm which is extremely rare.