Zeitschrift fur experimentelle Chirurgie, Transplantation, und kunstliche Organe : Organ der Sektion Experimentelle Chirurgie der Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie der DDR最新文献

In a prospective study with 24 growing Wistar rats, with a mean body weight of 300 gram, microsurgery was trained. Patency as well as morbidity of the animals was assessed. There were 110 vascular anastomoses, constructed with various techniques. Of these, 104 were rendered for evaluation. The caliber of the vessels varied from 0.4 to 2.0 mm. On an average, the rats were operated two times, during which operations at least four anastomoses were created. Patency was related to caliber and flow rate of the vessel and varied between 50 and 100%. Mortality and weight increase, used to reflect morbidity were evaluated. Six animals died during or shortly after operation, three of them because of anaesthesia alone. Mean postoperative daily weight increase was 1 gram approximately. In the control group the weight increase was tripled. The rats needed two weeks after operation rats to regain their original weight. Analysis of results demonstrated highly significant difference between operated and non-operated rats. The study suggests, that morbidity of rats submitted to microsurgery will be reduced, if two weeks of recovery before other experiments are awaited. This may provide a standard for future experiments.

In studies on the pathogenesis of ischemic cell injury and of other pancreatic diseases the knowledge of the actual pancreatic energy state is an important factor. Therefore, it would be advantageous to have a simple and inexpensive method to determine this parameter and its alterations in the pancreas. At uniform hormonal stimulation, the extent of exocrine pancreatic secretion showed a clear dependence on energy supply in this organ. The degree of pancreatic juice edema formed after bolus injection of cholecystokinin and secretin at ductal occlusion was found to be the most sensitive and reproducible measure of the functional capacity of the pancreatic energy metabolism. While this parameter can be applied to experimental studies, only, the juice volume secreted could be determined under clinical conditions, too. Both parameters of pancreatic secretion were clearly decreased after preceding short-term ischemia and recovered after an adequate interval of reperfusion.

Fecal peritonitis was produced by a sphincter-system leading to intestinal perforation. In 10 beagle dogs endotoxin was measured with the Limulus test. There was a correlation between endotoxin appearance and microbiological findings in the peritoneal cavity and in the blood. Endotoxinaemia correlated with the clinical severity of peritonitis.

An experimental model for the ischemic damage of the spinal marrow is described by occlusion of the descending thoracic aorta at a level with the 5th or 6th thoracic vertebrae during 30 min. 17 dogs were operated in general anesthesia. The thoracic aorta was clamped by a Pean's clamp in the 1st group (11 animals). One dog was not paralysed, another dog died after thrombosis of the aorta in the locality of clamping. The occlusion was carried out by means of a tourniquet in a 2nd group (6 animals) and pH, blood gas values, and blood pressure in the axillary artery or the common carotid artery were measured. An increase of the blood pressure above the initial value was prevented by slow infusion of nitroprusside. The oxygen pressure in the spinal marrow tissue was measured continuously simultaneously. All these animals survived the operation and a complete damage of the spinal marrow occurred.

The DS-carcinosarcoma of rats changes its passive electrical properties during the development time. Using a pulse measurement method the pulse parameters h beta and h1 of cancer tissue from 10 rats were measured in vivo during a period of 13 days after the beginning of the tumour growth. These parameters depend on the intra- and extracellular conductivity, on the membrane capacity, and on the volume fraction of the structures surrounded by a membrane. The values of h beta and h1 decrease during the first 4 days of the cancerogenesis by more than 50%. These findings agree with measurements carried out in portiocarcinomas.

An implantation method of the tibial nerve into the cerebral hemispheres of rabbits is reported. The operations were carried out in 10 adult animals of both sexes of the chinchilla race. All operations were got over well and without any complication within 12 to 14 weeks. 2 female rabbits had brought forth and up healthy animals.

Standardized behaviour monitoring in rats is a well-suited method for the evaluation of behavioral und nutritional effects following reconstruction surgery. Using an experimental design possible side effects resulting from the original disease can be excluded, which is an important advantage compared to clinical studies. Behavioural effects can be related to changes in biological functions following surgery. After gastrectomy 10 rats were reconstructed by Roux-Y-technique and 10 other animals by oesophagoduodenal interposition. In an open-field-behaviour-test they were compared with 10 sham operated and 10 untreated controls. Differential effects can be shown by special behavioural indices.

Dose-response studies of cyclosporin (CsA) established that a dose of 2 mg kg body weight on day 0 was of therapeutic suboptimal value in rat kidney allotransplantation. When PUVA-treated heart and kidney allografts were transplanted into temporary CsA immunosuppressed recipients the graft survival rates were further improved as compared with PUVA alone. Forty vs. 18% (heart) and 70 vs. 40% (kidney) of the PUVA + CsA vs. PUVA treated allografts survived permanently. Therefore a synergistic effect of PUVA pretreatment and low-dose CsA therapy on rat heart and renal allograft survival was demonstrated.

A method is introduced which allows a positive cold sterilization of central contaminated tissue grafts. It consists in the combined use of peracetic acid, low pressure, and antibiotic rinse.

It is a report on the heterotop transplantation of the pancreas with duodenum with or without spleen to diabetic mini-pigs. 7 days after a total resection of the pancreas the truncus coeliacus of the transplant is anastomosed end-to-side with the distal aorta. The same is done with the vena cava inferior. After having closed the duodenum orally the pancreatic juice is drained through on anus praeter. The immunosuppression is reached by giving Cyclosporin A and prednisolone after having analyzed the blood picture. The postoperative laboratory tests as well as affection tests including selective angiographic and nuclear medical in vivo controls show the efficiency of this transplantation variant to control a diabetic metabolic level for several weeks without an external insulin supply. The transplantation model described is technically uncomplicated and it is the basis for further studies.