Silicon最新文献

Surface composites (SCs) of aluminium-magnesium (Al–Mg) alloys reinforced with nano and micro silicon carbide (SiC) particles were fabricated using friction stir processing (FSP). The SCs were fabricated by multi-pass (five passes) FSP using a H13 steel tool. An investigation of the microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, wear behaviour, and corrosion resistance was conducted. The study revealed that nano-SiC reinforced SCs outclassed the micro-SiC reinforced as well as base metal (BM) counterparts in all domains. The ultimate tensile strength (337 MPa) and yield strength (315 MPa) of nano-SiC reinforced were 25.2% and 26.5% higher than BM (269 MPa and 249 MPa) and 13.5% and 11.3% higher than micro-SiC reinforced SC (287 MPa and 263 MPa), respectively. The wear rate in nano-SiC reinforced SC reduced significantly by about 16.67%, 14.73%, and 14.43% compared to BM and by 4.76%, 7.4%, and 7.78% compared to micro-SiC reinforced SC at 15N, 20N, and 25N loads, respectively. The nano-SiC reinforced SC showed 60% better corrosion resistance compared to BM and 50% better than micro-SiC reinforced SC. These improvements in reinforced SCs are attributed to various reasons: grain refinement due to FSP, uniform distribution of hard ceramic particles within the Al matrix, and the reduction in wear and corrosion-prone sites due to multiple FSP passes that minimise the agglomeration of reinforcement particles. This enhancement in the properties of nano-SiC-reinforced Al–Mg SCs makes them suitable for various applications in marine, automobile, and aerospace engineering domains.

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This study introduces an advanced silicon-based physically unclonable function (PUF) integrated with Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) sensors, aimed at enhancing the robustness and reliability in deepfake detection devices. Leveraging the inherent unpredictability of silicon-based Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs), combined with the sensitivity of PCF sensors, we propose a novel system for secure, accurate deepfake image detection utilizing hybrid Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks. The proposed architecture demonstrates significant improvement, achieving an average detection accuracy of 98.6%, surpassing existing models by 7.3%. Additionally, our integrated approach exhibits enhanced robustness, reducing false-positive rates by 15% and false negatives by 13.2% compared to conventional methods. Experimental evaluations confirm that the integration of silicon-based PUFs with PCF sensors not only strengthens the resilience against adversarial attacks but also enhances reliability under varying environmental conditions. This work offers a promising pathway toward advanced, secure, and high-performance deepfake detection solutions, suiTable for real-world deployment in cybersecurity applications.

In this paper, a biosensor based on vertically stacked Dopingless Nanosheet FET (Bio-DLNSFET) is proposed and analyzed. The performance analysis of the proposed biosensor is carried out in terms of sensitivity and various analog/dc parameters. The device utilizes charge plasma technique to induce the charge carriers. A cavity is introduced under the gate region which shows good drain current (2.43E-05 A), low off current (1.33E-13 A), high Ion/Ioff ratio (1.83E + 08), lower SS (60.9 mV/Dec) and good sensitivity making it suitable for sensing applications. Further analysis is carried out by applying different types of biomolecules represented by their dielectric constants (k = 1, 2.1, 3.57, 8, 12 and 20). Biosensor shows good sensitivity and parametric variation for different biomolecules. Sensing ability of the biosensor is evaluated for different levels of biomolecules in the cavity. Biosensor shows detection of biomolecules from 50% of cavity filling. The effect of temperature along with positive and negative charge densities of biomolecules on the performance of the biosensor is further evaluated.

This study systematically evaluates the radiation shielding performance of silicon-based zeolite frameworks (FAU, LTA, CHA, AST, MOR, FER, RHO) by correlating their topological density (TD), structural compactness, and compositional parameters with photon attenuation metrics. The RHO framework emerges as the most effective shield, achieving exceptional MAC (47.914 cm²/g) and LAC (148.064 cm⁻¹) values at 15 keV, attributed to its high density (ρ = 3.09 g/cm³), balanced topological parameters (TD₁₀ = 641, TD = 0.533), and moderate accessible volume (20.63%). Its superior performance is further underscored by the highest effective atomic number (Z_eff = 40.82 at 15 keV), reflecting optimized photon interaction efficiency. In contrast, the AST framework, with low density (ρ = 0.217 g/cm³), excessive porosity (TD = 0.625, zero accessible volume), and poor atomic packing, exhibits the weakest attenuation (MAC = 6.488 cm²/g, LAC = 1.409 cm⁻¹). The interplay of topological parameters reveals that intermediate TD values (e.g., RHO, FAU) enhance shielding by balancing atomic packing and density, while high porosity (e.g., AST) diminishes performance. Notably, RHO maintains its advantage at higher energies (e.g., 5.0 MeV: MAC = 0.034 cm²/g, LAC = 0.106 cm⁻¹, Z_eff = 17.03), whereas FAU’s moderate density (ρ = 0.388 g/cm³) and accessible volume (27.42%) make it suitable for multifunctional applications. These insights underscore the importance of harmonizing topological compactness, accessible volume, and density in designing zeolite-based shields, with RHO serving as a benchmark for high-performance radiation protection in nuclear and medical applications.

Glass samples with the formula 75B₂O₃-10SiO₂-5La₂O₃-(10-x)MgO-xFe₂O₃, (0 ≤ x ≤ 5 mol%), were manufactured to investigate the effect of substituting Fe₂O₃ for MgO. The density increases from 3.19 to 4.32 g/cm³ while the molar volume decreases from 24.62 to 19.56 m³/mol. Mechanical properties, including longitudinal (V_L) and shear (V_T) wave velocities and elastic moduli, improved consistently with higher Fe₂O₃ content. In terms of γ-radiation shielding, increasing Fe₂O₃ content resulted in higher linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) values, primarily because of the increase in density. At 0.015 MeV, the LAC (cm⁻¹) values are highest, ranging from 43.94 (LMBSFe-0) to 69.811 (LMBSFe-5) while, At 15 MeV, values decrease sharply to 0.074 (LMBSFe-0) and 0.1 (LMBSFe-5). At 0.015 MeV, mean free path decreased from 0.02276 for (LMBSFe-0) to 0.01432 for (LMBSFe-5) (cm) while, At 15 MeV, decreased from 13.5882 for (LMBSFe-0) to 10.04991 for (LMBSFe-5). The decrease in MFP with higher Fe₂O₃ content reduces photon penetration and enhances glass shielding capability. Therefore, LMBSFe-5 exhibited the best γ-ray shielding performance among the studied compositions.

This research investigates the fabrication of in-situ A356 matrix composites reinforced with polymer-derived ceramics via ultrasonication at semi-solid (620 °C) and liquid-state (720 °C) temperatures. A fixed volume percentage of 2.5% cross-linked polymer was injected into the molten A356 using ultrasonic-assisted stir casting. Microstructural analysis revealed a significant grain refinement in the composite fabricated at 620 °C, with grain sizes approximately 30% smaller compared to the 720 °C composite and the as-cast A356. XRD analysis of the composite synthesized at 620 °C did not manifest an Mg₂Si peak, implying the likelihood of this phase formation only at temperatures surpassing 650 °C. The 620 °C composite also exhibited a 44% increase in hardness compared to the 720 °C composite. While the yield strength of the 720 °C composite showed a marginal improvement, the 620 °C composite demonstrated a substantial 20% increase in yield strength without a noticeable reduction in ductility, attributed to the uniform dispersion of SiOC particles. This study highlights the benefits of combining ultrasonication and semi-solid processing for enhancing the microstructure and mechanical properties of A356-SiOC composites.

In the realm of eco-friendly metal pretreatment methods as a substitute for chromates, silanes have emerged as a prominent option for augmenting the adhesion of polymer coatings onto the surfaces of carbon steel. However, there exists a notable dearth of research at the nanoscale, delving into the interaction between silanes and carbon steel surfaces. To address this gap, silane coatings were applied on the carbon steel surface via an electrodeposition process. A comprehensive investigation was conducted to elucidate the interfacial bonding characteristics and corrosion inhibition mechanism between silanes and hydroxylated carbon steel surfaces using an array of analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results revealed that the silane layer achieved stable adsorption, with a contact angle of 91.29°, forming a robust interface with the passivation layer on the carbon steel surface. The hydrogen bonding interactions between the silanol groups in the silane molecules and the hydroxyl groups within the passivation film on the carbon steel surface were identified as the primary mechanism responsible for this adsorption. This integrated approach combining experimental and computational methods provides new insights into the interfacial bonding and corrosion inhibition behavior of silane coatings, thereby offering a scientific foundation for their practical application in metal protection systems.

Proposed manuscript designs and analyzes the all-optical NOR, NAND, XNOR and XOR gates using silicon microring resonator based 2:1 multiplexer. Growing demand for ultra-fast terahertz data transfer and processing has driven the field to consider large-scale optical integrated circuits as a substitute to traditional CMOS technology. In addition, energy-efficient networks are becoming more essential. MATLAB is used to design and analyze the architecture at almost 260 Gbps. Different key performance parameters are assessed such as contrast ratio of 18.8 dB, extinction ratio of 15.8 dB and amplitude modulation of 0.11 dB at a very low pump power of 1.96 mW which is satisfactory for the proposed design. Processing of digital signals and communication systems can benefit greatly from the demonstrated multiplexer-based circuits' compact architecture and faster reaction times. To make practical use of the design, optimal design parameters are selected.

The effect of silicon (Si) content in the indium-zinc-oxide (IZO) system on the electrical characteristics of thin-film transistors (TFTs) has been investigated depending on various Si ratios. The SiInZnO (SIZO) TFTs exhibited excellent performance, with field-effect mobility exceeding 28cm(^2)V(^{-1})s(^{-1}), a subthreshold slope of 0.506 V-decade(^{-1}), and an on/off current ratio over 10(^{8}). As Si content increased, the number of defect states decreased, resulting in enhanced threshold voltage stability and reduced subgap states, improving both mobility and bias stability. Amorphous Oxide Semiconductor(AOS) electrical properties are affected by oxygen vacancies(V(_{o})) in the channel layer. These findings suggest that SIZO TFTs are promising for next-generation flexible electronics. NOT, NAND, and NOR logic circuits have been implemented simply by modulating the Si ratio on the channel layer, an excellent voltage gain was obtained using SIZO TFTs.

Laser heating technology as new hyperfine-precision approach which has been widely applied in the micro-machining of the sandwich laminated semiconductor composites (SLSC), where the memory-dependency of the strain and heat transport significantly increases. To accurately predict the micro-scale transient impact response of SLSC subjected to the non-Gaussian laser beam, a new Cattaneo-photo-thermoelastic model is established in this work based on memory-dependent strain and heat transport evolution laws with Atangana-Baleanu and Tempered-Caputo fractional derivatives. This model aims to analyze the influences of memory dependent thermal transport and strain as well as the parameters ratios of inner/outer layer materials on the photo-thermoelastic response and wave propagations in SLSC. The time-domain solutions of the one-dimensional multi-variables partial differential equations are solved via semi-analytical technique based on Laplace transformation. Dimensionless numerical results reveal that the decrease of the memory-dependent parameters of heat transport and strain lower the thermal wave propagation speed and reduce harmful stress and deformation in the SLSC. And the properly selecting parameters of laser intensity, pulse duration and semiconductor parameters ratios maximally improve the photo-thermo-mechanical impact responses and photo-thermal waves.