Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts最新文献_第3页

Chromosome-level genome assembly of the cosmopolitan diatom Skeletonema costatum provides insights into ecological adaptation 世界性硅藻 Skeletonema costatum 染色体级基因组组装为生态适应提供洞察力

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103761

The cosmopolitan diatom species Skeletonema costatum is an ecologically important dominant phytoplankton frequently found in the coastal estuarine and marine waters, and often causes harmful algae blooms. Despite of its critical ecological importance, chromosome-level genome assemble is still unavailable, hindering in-depth understanding of their evolution and environmental adaption. Here, we report a chromosome-level genome assembly for the marine diatom species S. costatum. The assembled genome size was 136.49 Mb, with a contig N50 of 302 Kb and 95.30 % of the reads anchored into 23 pseudo-chromosomes with a scaffold N50 of 6.19 Mb. A total of 28,321 protein-coding genes were predicted, with 86.03 % being functional annotated. The BUSCO assessment of genome assembly and genome annotation were both above 90 %. Phylogenetic analysis showed the expected topology, with S. costatum and its closely related species S. marinoi diverged from their common ancestor around 22.6 million years ago. The genome size of S. costatum is comparatively larger than those of its closely related diatoms, due mostly to its higher transposable element contents and larger number of proteincoding genes. Collinearity analysis revealed strong collinearity between S. costatum and other Skeletonema with most chromosomes showing clear one-to-one correspondences. A larger family of nine copies of the cryptochrome genes that function as blue light photoreceptors were identified in S. costatum, which could contribute its ecological success. The availability of the high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly for S. costatum represents a valuable resource that may facilitate comparative genomics for revealing important ecological clues and gene families, and future genetics and environmental studies among Skeletonema species.

世界性硅藻物种 Skeletonema costatum 是一种具有重要生态意义的优势浮游植物，经常出现在沿海河口和海洋水域，并经常引起有害藻类的大量繁殖。尽管它在生态学上具有重要意义，但染色体组水平的基因组组装仍然缺乏，这阻碍了对其进化和环境适应性的深入了解。在此，我们报告了海洋硅藻 S. costatum 的染色体组水平基因组组装。组装的基因组大小为 136.49 Mb，等位基因 N50 为 302 Kb，95.30% 的读数锚定在 23 个假染色体上，支架 N50 为 6.19 Mb。共预测出 28,321 个编码蛋白质的基因，其中 86.03% 已进行功能注释。对基因组组装和基因组注释的 BUSCO 评估均超过 90%。系统进化分析表明，S. costatum与其近缘种S. marinoi在大约2260万年前从共同祖先分化而来，这符合预期的拓扑结构。S. costatum的基因组大小比其近缘硅藻大，主要是由于其含有较多的转座元件和较多的蛋白编码基因。共线性分析表明，S. costatum 与其他 Skeletonema 之间具有很强的共线性，大多数染色体显示出明显的一一对应关系。在 S. costatum 中发现了一个较大的隐色素基因家族，其中有 9 个拷贝具有蓝光光感受器的功能，这可能有助于其生态成功。S. costatum高质量染色体级基因组组装的获得是一个宝贵的资源，可促进比较基因组学揭示重要的生态线索和基因家族，以及未来对Skeletonema物种间的遗传学和环境研究。

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引用次数: 0

Advancing plastics bio-upcycling with photosynthetic microorganisms using bioengineering and bioconversion strategies 采用生物工程和生物转化战略，利用光合微生物推进塑料的生物升级再循环

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103755

Biotechnological interventions have been increasingly adopted for addressing the persistence and recalcitrance of fossil fuel-derived plastic waste. Bioremediation through microbial and enzymatic degradation offers promising solutions, yet economic and scalability challenges persist, especially for addressing plastic waste accumulation in aquatic ecosystems. Despite recent advancements in plastic bioconversion and bio-upcycling using recombinant enzymes and microbes, current genetic and biological engineering platforms mainly employed heterotrophic chassis such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida, that are not suitable for direct cultivation using wastewater sources. Photosynthetic microorganisms like cyanobacteria and microalgae offer a sustainable alternative to the heterotrophic counterparts, in not only converting wastewater and CO₂ as carbon and energy sources but also bring about carbon-neutral bioconversion potentials. Therefore, this review explores bioengineering strategies required to develop and harness the capabilities of cyanobacteria and microalgae for plastic biomineralisation. Pathway engineering in selected chassis is highlighted by detailing the metabolic pathways involved in plastic degradation where the application of growth-coupled genome editing and advanced biotechnological tools is further discussed. By integrating biofoundry-driven bioengineering strategies with growth-coupled selection, microalgal strain development can be accelerated towards achieving high substrate-to-product yields thus promoting carbon-neutral biorefinery and plastic bioconversion approaches.

为解决化石燃料衍生塑料废物的持久性和顽固性问题，越来越多地采用了生物技术干预措施。通过微生物和酶降解进行生物修复提供了前景广阔的解决方案，但经济性和可扩展性方面的挑战依然存在，尤其是在解决塑料废物在水生生态系统中的积累问题方面。尽管最近在利用重组酶和微生物进行塑料生物转化和生物升级再循环方面取得了进展，但目前的基因和生物工程平台主要采用大肠杆菌和假单胞菌等异养基质，不适合利用废水源直接培养。蓝藻和微藻等光合微生物为异养微生物提供了一种可持续的替代品，不仅能将废水和二氧化碳转化为碳和能源，还能带来碳中和的生物转化潜力。因此，本综述探讨了开发和利用蓝藻和微藻的能力进行塑料生物矿化所需的生物工程策略。通过详细介绍塑料降解所涉及的代谢途径，重点介绍了所选底盘中的途径工程，并进一步讨论了生长耦合基因组编辑和先进生物技术工具的应用。通过将生物铸造驱动的生物工程战略与生长耦合选择相结合，可以加速微藻菌株的开发，实现从基质到产品的高产，从而促进碳中和生物炼制和塑料生物转化方法的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Sargassum hornery fucoidan oligosaccharide: Purification, characterization, and antioxidant effects targeting the MAPK and KEAP1-NRF2 signaling pathways 马尾藻角叉菜褐藻糖低聚糖：针对 MAPK 和 KEAP1-NRF2 信号通路的纯化、表征和抗氧化作用

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103756

The current research looked into the inhibitory effect of a purified component of Sargassum hornery fucoidan oligosaccharide (F2) with a sulfate content of 16.35 %, which showed substantial protective effects on H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage in RAW 264.7 cells and zebrafish. The chemical and structural characteristics were examined by GC, FTIR, MS, and NMR spectroscopy, revealing that F2 was composed of not only a mixed oligosaccharide with 1–4 degrees of polymerization but also had a main chain consisting of (1 → 3) linked α-L-Fucp and (1 → 3,4) linked α-L-Fucp, sulfated groups mainly at C2 position. It was found that F2 could activate the MAPK and Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathways through the dissociation of the Keap1-Nrf2 complex in RAW 264.7 cells. Then Nrf2 entered the cell and bound to the antioxidant response element (ARE), resulting in activating the expression of downstream antioxidant genes. F2 was also found to have a strong protective effect on oxidative stress in zebrafish induced by H₂O₂, which can reduce the heart rate of zebrafish and prevent the generation of intracellular ROS and cell death. Therefore, S. hornery fucoidan oligosaccharide (F2) could be a potential ingredient for functional foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals because of its antioxidant activity.

目前的研究探讨了马尾藻角叉菜褐藻糖低聚糖（F2）纯化成分的抑制作用，其硫酸盐含量为 16.35%，对 H2O2 诱导的 RAW 264.7 细胞和斑马鱼氧化损伤具有显著的保护作用。通过气相色谱、傅立叶变换红外光谱、质谱和核磁共振光谱研究了其化学和结构特征，发现 F2 不仅由 1-4 度聚合的混合寡糖组成，而且其主链由 (1 → 3) 连接的 α-L-Fucp 和 (1 → 3,4) 连接的 α-L-Fucp 组成，硫酸基团主要位于 C2 位。研究发现，F2 可通过解离 RAW 264.7 细胞中的 Keap1-Nrf2 复合物激活 MAPK 和 Keap1-Nrf2 信号通路。然后，Nrf2进入细胞并与抗氧化反应元件（ARE）结合，从而激活下游抗氧化基因的表达。研究还发现，F2 对 H2O2 诱导的斑马鱼氧化应激有很强的保护作用，能降低斑马鱼的心率，防止细胞内 ROS 的产生和细胞死亡。因此，S. hornery褐藻糖胶低聚糖（F2）因其抗氧化活性可成为功能性食品、化妆品和药品的潜在成分。

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引用次数: 0

Pilot plant cultivation of microalga Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides with night illumination from LEDs sources 利用 LED 光源的夜间照明进行微藻 Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides 的试点植物栽培

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103759

Illumination during the night with white LEDs increased the growth of the microalga Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides strain CCALA 330 on a thin-film platform unit (150 L volume, 12 m² area) approximately 2.5× in comparison to the platform illuminated only by the Sun. The mean PAR intensity on the Sun-illuminated unit was 71 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹, on the Sun + LEDs unit 549 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹, the mean temperatures were 15 °C and 20.1 °C. On the Sun unit the algae grew to a maximum of 15 g L⁻¹ dry weight in 42 days, with Sun + LEDs into 17.8 g L⁻¹ during 24 days when the both units reached the stationary phase of the growth curve. Biomass production was 3.3 in the Sun and 8.54 g m⁻² d⁻¹ in the Sun + LED, i.e. 0.27 and 0.68 g L⁻¹ d⁻¹. In total, the mean of 37.5 and 58.2 kWh per night were consumed, so the total electricity consumptions for biomass production was 0.20 and 0.40 kWh g⁻¹ DW during LED + Sun cycles 1 and 2, respectively. The production of the extracellular polysaccharides was practically the same for both platforms, and constant during time. A more substantial double increase was only after 30 days of cultivation in both platforms and reached 4 g L⁻¹. The fluorescence measurements proved good physiological state of the cultures. The PAR was found as a main driver of the photosynthetic activity. The correlation of the growth and fluorescence parameters to the environmental conditions was much more profound in the Sun pilot plant, therefore the reliable set of monitored parameters should be defined according to the cultivation type, for both of them we propose OD₆₈₀/OD₇₂₀ ratio as a proxy of nutrient deficiency.

在夜间用白色发光二极管照明，微藻 Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides 菌株 CCALA 330 在薄膜平台装置（体积 150 升，面积 12 平方米）上的生长速度比只用太阳光照明的平台提高了约 2.5 倍。太阳光照明装置上的平均 PAR 强度为 71 μmol m-2 s-1，太阳光 + LED 装置上的平均 PAR 强度为 549 μmol m-2 s-1，平均温度分别为 15 ℃ 和 20.1 ℃。在太阳光装置上，藻类在 42 天内生长到最大干重 15 克升/升，而在太阳光+LED 装置上，在 24 天内生长到 17.8 克升/升，此时两个装置都达到了生长曲线的静止阶段。太阳光照下的生物量产量为 3.3 克 m-2 d-1，太阳光照 + LED 下的生物量产量为 8.54 克 m-2 d-1，即 0.27 克 L-1 d-1 和 0.68 克 L-1 d-1。在 LED + Sun 循环 1 和 2 中，每晚的平均耗电量分别为 37.5 和 58.2 千瓦时，因此生物质生产的总耗电量分别为 0.20 和 0.40 千瓦时 g-1 DW。两个平台的胞外多糖产量基本相同，且随着时间的推移保持不变。在两个平台上培养 30 天后，细胞外多糖的产量才有较大幅度的双倍增长，达到 4 克/升。荧光测量结果证明培养物处于良好的生理状态。PAR 是光合作用的主要驱动力。在 Sun 试验植物中，生长和荧光参数与环境条件的相关性要大得多，因此应根据栽培类型确定一套可靠的监测参数，我们建议将 OD680/OD720 比率作为营养缺乏的替代指标。

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引用次数: 0

Magnetically separable sorbent based on activated carbon derived from a new precursor Rhizoclonium hookeri for facile oil spill clean-up 基于新型前驱体 Rhizoclonium hookeri 衍生的活性炭的磁性可分离吸附剂，用于快速清理溢油

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103762

A huge quantity of synthetic toxic materials ends-up in water bodies causing long-lasting environmental and economic impacts due to catastrophic oil spill. Exploring marine algae as sorbent materials for oil spill remediation is a relatively new area and holds great potential. Herein, macroalgae Rhizoclonium hookeri (RH) derived magnetically recoverable activated carbon (RHAC@Fe₃O₄) composite has been proposed as an innovative and robust strategy for oil spill clean-up. The oil uptake efficiency of RHAC@Fe₃O₄ was probed using unused and used motor oil in synthetic seawater matrices by conducting batch wise experiments. Optimal conditions for the designed sorption system were met by varying time (10–60 min), dosage (0.2–1 g) and temperature (20, 30, 40 °C). Characterization studies showed that KOH-based activation played a vital role in developing pore structure and surface functionalities in the algal biochar. Batch experiments demonstrated over 90 % oil removal efficiency of RHAC@Fe₃O₄ from simulated oil spill after 30 min using 0.8 g of composite. Moreover, Fe₃O₄ loading onto carbon material allowed magnetic separation as a convenient alternative to filtration for the recovery of oil laden composite. Apart from superior oil removal ability, synthesized composite demonstrated robust performance up to five cycles in synthetic sea water matrices. Additionally, comparative study revealed better oil sequestration efficiency of the fabricated RHAC@Fe₃O₄ composite (93 %) as compared to its precursors, i.e. algal biochar (71 %) and AC (88 %). Based on these findings, it is advocated that designed RHAC@Fe₃O₄ composite being eco-friendly, economical and readily recoverable with enhanced oil uptake ability could potentially be an innovative platform for oil spill clean-up applications.

由于灾难性溢油事故，大量合成有毒物质最终进入水体，对环境和经济造成长期影响。将海洋藻类作为吸附材料用于溢油修复是一个相对较新的领域，具有巨大的潜力。在此，我们提出了大型藻类 Rhizoclonium hookeri（RH）衍生的磁性可回收活性碳（RHAC@Fe3O4）复合材料，作为一种创新而稳健的溢油清理策略。通过进行批量实验，使用合成海水基质中未使用和使用过的机油对 RHAC@Fe3O4 的吸油效率进行了探测。通过改变时间（10-60 分钟）、剂量（0.2-1 克）和温度（20、30、40 °C），达到了所设计吸附系统的最佳条件。表征研究表明，基于 KOH 的活化对海藻生物炭的孔隙结构和表面功能的形成起到了至关重要的作用。批量实验表明，在使用 0.8 克复合材料 30 分钟后，RHAC@Fe3O4 对模拟溢油的去除率超过 90%。此外，将 Fe3O4 添加到碳材料上可实现磁性分离，从而方便地替代过滤来回收含油复合材料。除了卓越的除油能力外，合成的复合材料在合成海水基质中也表现出了长达五个周期的稳定性能。此外，比较研究显示，与前体物质（即海藻生物炭（71%）和 AC（88%））相比，所制造的 RHAC@Fe3O4 复合材料的固油效率更高（93%）。基于这些研究结果，我们认为所设计的 RHAC@Fe3O4 复合材料具有环保、经济、易回收、吸油能力强等特点，有可能成为溢油清理应用的创新平台。

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引用次数: 0

Quality and safety of fresh Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) maintained by bubbling plasma-activated air 通过气泡等离子激活空气保持新鲜螺旋藻（节藻）的质量和安全性

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103754

Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) is a blue-green alga valued for its protein, phycocyanin, and other bioactive compounds. However, its commercial outdoor cultivation makes it susceptible to microbial contamination, affecting both biomass productivity and quality. Additionally, most commercial Spirulina is sold in dried forms such as powder, flakes, and tablets, which can degrade these bioactive components. To address these issues, non-thermal techniques, such as cold plasma, offer a promising solution by effectively reducing microbial contamination while preserving product quality without the need for drying. This study investigated the potential of bubbling cold plasma-activated (BCPA) air through freshly grown Spirulina to reduce microbial contamination and maintain quality during storage. Spirulina grown in an outdoor paddle-wheel driven pond was harvested in paste form, resuspended in deionized water, treated with plasma-activated air and stored at 4 °C for 28 days. The treatment significantly reduced microbial contamination and maintained Spirulina biomass and pigment contents compared to untreated control. The cellular structure remained intact, and colour changes were minimal in the treated samples when compared to the controls. Moreover, the Spirulina suspension pH became acidic (pH = 4), and oxidation-reduction potential was significantly higher (>150 mV) in treated samples compared to controls throughout the storage period. The results demonstrate the potential for BCPA air to maintain the quality of fresh Spirulina. This finding may have significant applications in the Spirulina industry for offering customers fresh products rather than dried Spirulina.

螺旋藻（Arthrospira platensis）是一种蓝绿藻，因其蛋白质、藻蓝蛋白和其他生物活性化合物而备受重视。然而，商业化室外栽培使其容易受到微生物污染，影响生物量的生产和质量。此外，大多数商业螺旋藻都以粉末、薄片和药片等干燥形式出售，这可能会降解这些生物活性成分。为了解决这些问题，冷等离子体等非热技术提供了一种很有前景的解决方案，它能有效减少微生物污染，同时保持产品质量，而无需干燥。本研究调查了用冷等离子体激活（BCPA）的气泡通过新鲜生长的螺旋藻来减少微生物污染和保持贮藏期间产品质量的潜力。在室外桨轮驱动池塘中生长的螺旋藻采收后呈糊状，重新悬浮在去离子水中，用等离子活化空气进行处理，并在 4 °C 下储存 28 天。与未经处理的对照组相比，这种处理方法大大减少了微生物污染，并保持了螺旋藻的生物量和色素含量。与对照组相比，处理后的样品细胞结构保持完整，颜色变化极小。此外，在整个储存期间，螺旋藻悬浮液的 pH 值变为酸性（pH = 4），与对照组相比，处理后样品的氧化还原电位显著升高（150 mV）。结果表明 BCPA 空气具有保持新鲜螺旋藻质量的潜力。这一发现可能会在螺旋藻行业有重要应用，为客户提供新鲜产品而不是干螺旋藻。

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引用次数: 0

The response mechanism of alkalophilic Nitzschia sp. NW129 to low alkalinity-A study combining physiological and transcriptional analysis 嗜碱尼茨藻 NW129 对低碱度的响应机制--生理和转录分析相结合的研究

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103748

Global aquatic acidification significantly threatens alkaline lake ecosystems. The mechanisms by which alkaliphilic microalgae, the key producers in these ecosystems, respond to reduced environmental alkalinity remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the responses of alkalophilic Nitzschia sp. NW129 to low alkalinity (pH 9.2) through integrated physiological-biochemical and transcriptomic analyses. Relative to the control (pH 11.5), we observed a 60.1 % decrease in polysaccharide content, while total lipids and proteins increased by 1.74-fold and 2-fold, respectively. Transcriptome analysis revealed up-regulation of genes encoding carbonic anhydrase (CA) and malic enzyme (ME), along with those involved in glycolysis and fatty acid (FA) synthesis, compensating for carbon supply and shifting carbon flux from carbohydrate synthesis to lipid accumulation. Enhanced expression of TCA cycle genes and those encoding F-ATP synthase and inorganic pyrophosphatase (PPase) provided sufficient energy for cellular homeostasis, further facilitated by the up-regulated expression of ATP-dependent V-ATPase and ABC transporter genes. Temporal analysis revealed that the expression of genes involved in protein synthesis pathways was up-regulated on days 1 and 4 but notably down-regulated on day 2, suggesting protein degradation at this time to balance energy supply for adaptation. Despite these coping shifts, impairments in photosynthetic energy dissipation and electron transport, along with transcriptional changes including down-regulating cell cycle and inducing apoptotic pathways, ultimately caused a substantial reduction in biomass. These findings provide a basic understanding of the response mechanisms of alkalophilic microalgae to low alkalinity stress, which should aid to develop strategies to improve microalgal tolerance against acidification.

全球水生酸化严重威胁着碱性湖泊生态系统。嗜碱微藻是这些生态系统中的主要生产者，它们对环境碱度降低的反应机制仍然知之甚少。在此，我们通过生理生化和转录组学综合分析，研究了嗜碱性 Nitzschia sp.与对照组（pH 11.5）相比，我们观察到多糖含量减少了 60.1%，而总脂类和蛋白质分别增加了 1.74 倍和 2 倍。转录组分析表明，编码碳酸酐酶（CA）和苹果酸酶（ME）的基因以及参与糖酵解和脂肪酸（FA）合成的基因上调，补偿了碳供应并将碳通量从碳水化合物合成转移到脂质积累。TCA循环基因以及编码F-ATP合成酶和无机焦磷酸酶（PP酶）的基因表达增强，为细胞平衡提供了充足的能量，依赖ATP的V-ATP酶和ABC转运体基因的表达上调进一步促进了细胞平衡。时间分析表明，蛋白质合成途径相关基因的表达在第1天和第4天上调，但在第2天明显下调，表明此时蛋白质降解以平衡适应所需的能量供应。尽管出现了这些应对转变，但光合能量耗散和电子传递的损伤，以及包括下调细胞周期和诱导细胞凋亡途径在内的转录变化，最终导致生物量大幅减少。这些发现为了解嗜碱微藻对低碱度胁迫的响应机制提供了一个基本认识，有助于制定策略来提高微藻对酸化的耐受性。

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引用次数: 0

A reduced-order hybrid model for photobioreactor performance and biomass prediction 用于光生物反应器性能和生物量预测的降阶混合模型

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103750

This paper introduces a hybrid approach for photobioreactor modeling tailored to microalgae cultivation, combining data-driven and mechanistic concepts to improve modeling efficiency and practicality for industrial scale-up applications. Most growth models for microalgae are nonlinear and require experimental measurement of several parameters. The aim of this work is to develop linear practical models for monitoring purposes. A model based on linear coefficients and polynomial features is proposed, balancing interpretability with non-linear representation focusing on model transparency. To simplify the growth model, Taylor series expansion is applied to the Monod and logistic population models. Two scale-specific models are developed and evaluated, offering practical solutions for monitoring microalgae growth in photobioreactors. Therefore, this reduced order representation allows the biomass growth rate to be dependent directly on the biomass concentration. These models do not require exhaustive data collection of substrate concentration over time, making them cost-effective and efficient for industrial applications. This work provides a step forward in photobioreactor modeling, contributing to the sustainable production of microalgae.

本文介绍了一种针对微藻培养的光生物反应器建模混合方法，结合了数据驱动和机理概念，以提高建模效率和工业放大应用的实用性。大多数微藻生长模型都是非线性的，需要对多个参数进行实验测量。这项工作的目的是开发用于监测目的的线性实用模型。我们提出了一个基于线性系数和多项式特征的模型，在可解释性和非线性表示之间取得平衡，重点关注模型的透明度。为了简化增长模型，对 Monod 和 logistic 种群模型采用了泰勒级数展开。开发并评估了两个特定规模的模型，为监测光生物反应器中的微藻生长提供了实用的解决方案。因此，这种降阶表示法允许生物量增长率直接取决于生物量浓度。这些模型不需要收集基质浓度随时间变化的详尽数据，因此在工业应用中具有成本效益和效率。这项工作在光生物反应器建模方面向前迈进了一步，有助于微藻的可持续生产。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic behavior and transfer characteristics of CO2-enriched bubbles within Spirulina sp. suspension under various aeration conditions using the high-speed imaging technique 利用高速成像技术研究不同曝气条件下螺旋藻悬浮液中富含二氧化碳气泡的动态行为和转移特征

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103758

The biological CO₂ fixation method through microalgae photosynthesis has received considerable attention to alleviate the trend of global warming. CO₂-enriched gas is generally aerated into the microalgae suspension in the form of bubbles through the gas distributors. Dynamic behavior and transfer characteristics of CO₂-enriched bubbles are crucial to microalgae cells growth and CO₂ bio-fixation. A visual experimental system based on the high-speed camera was constructed in this work to obtain the dynamic behavior and transfer characteristics of CO₂-enriched bubbles within Spirulina sp. suspension. CO₂-enriched bubbles movement and dissolution characteristics were comprehensively investigated under various CO₂ concentrations, gas distributor aperture size, aeration rates, and Spirulina sp. biomass densities. Experimental results indicate that the optimal CO₂ dissolution mass transfer and absorption rate were attained under the CO₂ concentration of 5 %, gas distributor aperture diameter of 10 μm, and aeration rate of 0.1–0.3 vvm. Moreover, as Spirulina sp. biomass density increased, the bubble average diameter decreased, and rising velocity slowed while the volumetric mass transfer coefficient and CO₂ absorption rate elevated. To summarize, this work may guide future efforts to enhance the photobioreactors (PBRs) performance from the perspective of aeration conditions optimization.

通过微藻光合作用固定二氧化碳的生物方法在缓解全球变暖趋势方面受到了广泛关注。富含二氧化碳的气体一般通过气体分配器以气泡的形式充气到微藻悬浮液中。富含二氧化碳的气泡的动态行为和传输特性对微藻细胞生长和二氧化碳生物固定至关重要。为了获得螺旋藻悬浮液中富含 CO2 的气泡的动态行为和传递特性，本研究构建了一个基于高速相机的可视化实验系统。在不同的二氧化碳浓度、气体分配器孔径大小、通气速率和螺旋藻生物量密度条件下，对富含二氧化碳的气泡的运动和溶解特性进行了全面研究。实验结果表明，在二氧化碳浓度为 5%、气体分布器孔径为 10 μm、通气速率为 0.1-0.3 vvm 的条件下，二氧化碳溶解的传质和吸收速率达到最佳。此外，随着螺旋藻生物量密度的增加，气泡平均直径减小，上升速度减慢，而容积传质系数和二氧化碳吸收率升高。总之，这项工作可以指导今后从曝气条件优化的角度提高光生物反应器（PBRs）的性能。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of different culture media on growth, composition, quality and palatability of the green algae Ulva sp. cultivated in cylindrical photobioreactors 不同培养基对圆柱形光生物反应器中培养的绿藻莼菜的生长、成分、质量和适口性的影响

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103749

Ulva spp. are valuable seaweeds with recognized commercial applications, including food, feed, and ecosystem services. Ensuring a sustainable and consistent supply of biomass with desirable profiles aligned with intended uses is fundamental for the successful applications of this seaweed. In this study, the growth rate, morphology, physiology, and composition of Ulva sp. produced by propagation in indoor cylindrical photobioreactors using four different culture media (lagoon water - LW, lagoon water enriched with Guillard medium (LF), with sea urchin wastewater - LU, and cow digestate - LD) was assessed; moreover, the nutrient uptake potential of the species was evaluated. The palatability and attractivity of the produced biomass towards the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus were investigated. It was found that the media influenced all the parameters examined, the LF biomass weight was double compared to the other treatments and showed a slightly higher absorbance. Colorimetric analyses reported a significant darker color in Ulva sp. grown under enriched media. Ulva sp. showed higher nutrient removal potential in LF. The lipid content did not vary (2–3 % dry weight, DW), while the protein content ranged from 21 % in LF to 6–9 % in the other treatments. Carbohydrates and fiber content were significantly lower in LF (16 % and 30 %) compared to the other treatments, 27–34 %, and 41–48 %, respectively. Pigment content significantly varied, being higher in biomass grown in LF and LU. Sea urchins showed preferences for biomass grown under LU, followed by LD. This study shows how different nutrient sources affect the biochemical composition, growth, quality, and palatability of Ulva sp.. When cultivated under the synthetic enriched media (LF) the species exhibits characteristics better suitable for human consumption, although requiring a higher economic investment for production, while biomass derived from wastewater nutrients (LD, LU) confirms potential applications of the seaweed as valuable feed and for bioremediation services.

石莼是一种珍贵的海藻，具有公认的商业用途，包括食品、饲料和生态系统服务。要成功应用这种海藻，最根本的是要确保可持续且稳定地供应符合预期用途的生物质。本研究评估了在室内圆柱形光生物反应器中使用四种不同培养基（泻湖水 - LW、富含吉拉德培养基（LF）的泻湖水、海胆废水 - LU 和奶牛沼渣 - LD）繁殖生产的莼菜的生长速度、形态、生理和成分；此外，还评估了该物种的营养吸收潜力。研究还调查了所产生的生物质对海胆（Paracentrotus lividus）的适口性和吸引力。结果发现，培养基对所有检测参数都有影响，LF 生物质重量是其他处理的两倍，吸光度也略高。色度分析表明，在富集培养基下生长的石莼颜色明显较深。在 LF 中生长的石莼具有更高的营养物质去除潜力。脂质含量没有变化（2-3 % 干重），而蛋白质含量从低浓度培养基的 21 % 到其他处理的 6-9 % 不等。与其他处理（分别为 27-34 % 和 41-48 %）相比，低浓度处理的碳水化合物和纤维含量明显较低（分别为 16 % 和 30 %）。色素含量也有明显差异，LF 和 LU 生长的生物质色素含量较高。海胆表现出对 LU 生长的生物质的偏好，其次是 LD。这项研究显示了不同营养源如何影响莼菜的生化组成、生长、质量和适口性。在合成富集培养基（LF）下培养的莼菜虽然需要较高的生产经济投资，但其特性更适合人类食用，而从废水营养物（LD、LU）中提取的生物质则证实了这种海藻作为有价值的饲料和生物修复服务的潜在应用价值。

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引用次数: 0