Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts最新文献_第3页

Scenedesmus subspicatus potential for pharmacological compounds removal from aqueous media 从水介质中去除药用化合物的潜力

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103771

Fábio Rodrigo de Oliveira , Tiele Medianeira Rizzetti , Renato Zanella , Julia Antunes de Oliveira , Camila Rafaela Rathke , Valéria Louzada Leal Butzke , Ênio Leandro Machado , Carlos Alexandre Lutterbeck , Rosana de Cassia de Souza Schneider

Emerging pollutants such as active pharmaceutical compounds (APCs) excreted by humans and animals are of growing concern due to their environmental impacts. This study aimed at to assess the phycoremediation potential of the microalgae Scenedesmus subspicatus for the removal of APCs, from water under controlled light and temperature conditions. The effects of hydrolysis and photolysis on the compounds were also monitored. Known concentrations of acetaminophen, acetylsalicylic acid, salicylic acid, albendazole, atenolol, propranolol, caffeine, carbamazepine, ibuprofen, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim were added in the microalgae medium. Samples were collected at 7-day intervals over twenty-one days and analyzed by UHPLC-MS/MS. Salicylic acid, albendazole, acetaminophen, atenolol, propranolol, and sulfamethoxazole were degraded by photolysis, hydrolysis, and phycoremediation, with the latter proving be more efficient. Propranolol and sulfamethoxazole presented low degradation by photolysis and hydrolysis. Some of the investigated compounds showed limited degradation and were not eliminated by any methods. Caffeine, carbamazepine, and trimethoprim were unaffected by hydrolysis, photolysis, or phycoremediation. Microalgae growth during the experiment was limited, suggesting toxic effects of some APCs. The findings highlight the importance of phycoremediation as a promising alternative for removing emerging pollutants from water.

人类和动物排出的活性药物化合物（APCs）等新兴污染物对环境的影响日益受到关注。本研究旨在评估微藻类 Scenedesmus subspicatus 在受控光照和温度条件下去除水中 APCs 的植物修复潜力。此外，还监测了水解和光解对化合物的影响。在微藻培养基中加入已知浓度的对乙酰氨基酚、乙酰水杨酸、水杨酸、阿苯达唑、阿替洛尔、普萘洛尔、咖啡因、卡马西平、布洛芬、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、磺胺甲恶唑和三甲氧苄啶。在 21 天内，每隔 7 天采集一次样品，并采用超高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱法进行分析。水杨酸、阿苯达唑、对乙酰氨基酚、阿替洛尔、普萘洛尔和磺胺甲噁唑通过光解、水解和植物修复的方式被降解，其中后者被证明更为有效。普萘洛尔和磺胺甲噁唑的光解和水解降解率较低。一些被研究的化合物降解程度有限，任何方法都无法消除。咖啡因、卡马西平和三甲氧苄啶不受水解、光解或植物修复的影响。实验期间微藻的生长受到限制，这表明某些 APCs 具有毒性作用。这些研究结果突出了植物修复作为去除水中新污染物的一种有前途的替代方法的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Acid preservation of Laminaria hyperborea with formic and acetic acid and its effects on alginate 用甲酸和乙酸酸性保存海藻及其对海藻酸盐的影响

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103776

Katharina Nøkling-Eide , Finn Lillelund Aachmann , Kjell Josefsen , Ariadna Szczybelski Ciordia , Håvard Sletta , Øystein Arlov

Each year, 150,000 tons of Laminaria hyperborea is harvested commercially for alginate production in Norway. Traditionally, formalin has been an attractive preservative in the industry because it inhibits microbial growth and prevents alginate discolouration by cross-binding with polyphenols. However, due to potential health risks by handling formalin in large quantities, EU is restricting its use, and it is necessary to look for alternative preservation methods. Low molecular weight organic acids are used as food preservatives because they inhibit microbial growth when undissociated. The concentration of undissociated acid is a function pH, acid concentration and pK_a of the organic acid, hence different organic acids will have varied preservative efficiency at a given pH. This study investigated how preservation with formic acid (pK_a = 3.75) and acetic acid (pK_a = 4.76), affected the colour, yield, molecular weight, and composition of alginates from L. hyperborea stipe and lamina when stored at pH 3.7/4.7, 13/20 °C, and 2/8 weeks. The results were compared with formalin preservation (0.1 % formaldehyde). Microbial growth was prevented with both acids at pH 3.7, however, acid hydrolysis led to alginate depolymerisation. Acetic acid at pH 4.7 inhibited microbial growth in stipe biomass for 8 weeks, and when stored at 13 °C, the alginate molecular weight remained high (M_w = 426 kDa). Furthermore, acid preservation led to increased alginate yield and colour reduction compared with fresh and non-preserved biomass. Microbial growth in non-preserved samples led to enzymatic depolymerisation of alginates, resulting in a higher fraction and block length of guluronic acid.

在挪威，每年有 15 万吨海带被收获用于海藻酸盐的商业生产。传统上，福尔马林一直是该行业中颇具吸引力的防腐剂，因为它可以抑制微生物生长，并通过与多酚交叉结合防止海藻酸变色。然而，由于大量使用福尔马林可能对健康造成危害，欧盟正在限制福尔马林的使用，因此有必要寻找其他防腐方法。低分子量有机酸可用作食品防腐剂，因为它们在未离解时可抑制微生物的生长。未离解酸的浓度是 pH 值、酸浓度和有机酸 pKa 的函数，因此在给定的 pH 值下，不同的有机酸具有不同的防腐效率。本研究调查了甲酸（pKa = 3.75）和乙酸（pKa = 4.76）在 pH 值为 3.7/4.7、13/20 °C、2/8 周的条件下保存时如何影响海藻柄和薄片的颜色、产量、分子量和成分。结果与福尔马林保存法（0.1% 甲醛）进行了比较。在 pH 值为 3.7 时，两种酸都能阻止微生物生长，但酸水解会导致海藻酸解聚。pH 值为 4.7 的醋酸可在 8 周内抑制柄生物质中的微生物生长，在 13 °C 下保存时，藻酸盐的分子量仍然很高（Mw = 426 kDa）。此外，与新鲜和未保存的生物质相比，酸保存会导致海藻酸产量增加和颜色减少。非保存样品中的微生物生长导致藻酸盐的酶解聚，从而产生更高的古洛糖酸组分和嵌段长度。

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引用次数: 0

Discovering oxidized polar lipids in microalgae lipidome using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry approaches 利用液相色谱质谱法发现微藻脂质体中的氧化极性脂质

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103764

Tiago Conde , Diana Lopes , Rita Pais , Joana Batista , Tatiana Maurício , Felisa Rey , Tânia Melo , Pedro Domingues , Rosário Domingues

Microalgae are rich in polar lipids, such as glycolipids, phospholipids and betaine lipids esterified with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which are prone to oxidation. Under stress conditions, the redox balance in microalgae is altered, leading to an abnormal production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can affect surrounding lipids. While few oxidized polar lipids have been described to play important roles in mammals and possess interesting bioactive properties, their occurrence in microalgae is poorly described, hindering their exploitation as novel bioactive compounds. To enhance our understanding of these lipids, we conducted a targeted analysis of oxidized polar lipids in lipid extracts obtained from five microalgae species: Chlorella vulgaris, Chlorococcum amblystomatis, Scendesmus obliquus, Nanochloropsis oceanica and Phaeodactylum ticornutum, using reverse-phase liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (RP-LC-MS). A detailed analysis of the LC-MS data identified 150 oxidized polar lipid species across different classes of phospholipids, glycolipids and betaine lipids in the five microalgae species. These modified oxidized lipids featured oxygenated species with 1–3 additional oxygen atoms in the fatty acyl chains. The predominant oxidized fatty acids esterified to these lipids were omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3) and α-linonelic acid (ALA, 18:3 n-3). Notably, most oxidized lipid species were identified in diacylglyceryl-N,N,N-trimethylhomoserine (DGTS) in C. amblystomatis, S. obliquus and N. oceanica, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) in P. tricornutum, and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in C. vulgaris. Furthermore, distinct fragmentation patterns across lipid classes allowed the unequivocal identification of oxidized polar lipids. These findings reveal a diverse array of oxidized polar lipids in microalgae, predominantly enriched with oxidized omega-3 PUFA, highlighting microalgae as a natural source of oxidized polar lipids that may serve as a natural reservoir of bioactive omega-3 oxylipins.

微藻类富含极性脂质，如糖脂、磷脂和与欧米茄-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）酯化的甜菜碱脂质，这些脂质容易氧化。在压力条件下，微藻中的氧化还原平衡会发生改变，导致活性氧（ROS）的异常产生，从而影响周围的脂质。据描述，少数氧化极性脂质在哺乳动物中发挥重要作用，并具有有趣的生物活性特性，但它们在微藻类中的存在却鲜为人知，这阻碍了它们作为新型生物活性化合物的开发利用。为了加深对这些脂质的了解，我们对从五种微藻中提取的脂质中的氧化极性脂质进行了有针对性的分析：我们采用反相液相色谱质谱法（RP-LC-MS），对从五种微藻（小球藻、绿球藻、斜管藻、大洋拟南芥和棘球藻）中提取的脂质中的氧化极性脂质进行了有针对性的分析。通过对液相色谱-质谱数据进行详细分析，在这五种微藻中发现了 150 种氧化极性脂质，它们属于磷脂、糖脂和甜菜碱脂质的不同类别。这些经过修饰的氧化脂质的特点是脂肪酰基链中含有 1-3 个额外氧原子的含氧脂质。酯化到这些脂质中的主要氧化脂肪酸是欧米伽-3二十碳五烯酸（EPA，20:5 n-3）和α-亚麻酸（ALA，18:3 n-3）。值得注意的是，大多数氧化脂质种类在伏立水蚤、斜管水蚤和大洋水蚤中被鉴定为二酰基甘油-N,N,N-三甲基高丝氨酸（DGTS），在三角鲨中被鉴定为单半乳酰二乙酰甘油（MGDG），在粗壮水蚤中被鉴定为磷脂酰乙醇胺（PE）。此外，不同脂质类别的碎片模式各不相同，因此可以明确识别氧化极性脂质。这些发现揭示了微藻中氧化极性脂类的多样性，主要富含氧化ω-3 PUFA，突出表明微藻是氧化极性脂类的天然来源，可作为具有生物活性的ω-3氧化脂的天然宝库。

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引用次数: 0

Development and performance of microalgae-based symbiotic systems for high-strength chemical oxygen demand wastewater treatment from the sugar mills 糖厂高强度化学需氧量废水处理微藻共生系统的开发与性能

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103773

Siphelele Sibisi, Trisha Mogany, Faizal Bux, Ismail Rawat

Agricultural and agro-industrial activities have risen exponentially to meet the ever-growing demand for food, energy, and other important resources. High freshwater consumption occurs in these sectors and is discharged as effluent containing excessive organic loads that require treatment. In this study, microalgal, bacterial, and fungal (yeast) isolates native to the sugar industry effluent were screened for effective chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal from wastewater when co-cultured. The microalgae-bacteria consortium (MBC) comprised Chlorella sorokiniana A7 and three bacterial strains including Rhodococcus sp. B009, Bacillus sp. B010, and B013; whilst the microalgae-yeast consortium (MYC) consisted of Chlorella sorokiniana A7 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y2. When the Chlorella sorokiniana-based symbiotic systems were characterized in sugar industry wastewater, excellent COD removal efficiencies were achieved compared to the axenic Chlorella sorokiniana A7. The COD removal efficiencies were 86 %, and 71 % after 96 h of cultivation for MBC, and MYC, respectively. After 168 h of cultivation in wastewater, ≥90 % of COD removal efficiency was observed in both MBC and MYC systems. The MYC also showed improved chlorophyll-a content, photosynthesis, and respiration in Chlorella sorokiniana A7. This study has demonstrated the efficiency of Chlorella sorokiniana-based consortium systems that could be used as eco-friendly and sustainable bioremediation tools for high-strength COD wastewater streams. An insight into mechanisms of interactions between Chlorella sp., and co-cultured microbial strains grown in sugar industry wastewater still needs further studies.

为满足对粮食、能源和其他重要资源日益增长的需求，农业和农用工业活动急剧增加。这些行业消耗大量淡水，并以含有过量有机负荷的污水形式排放，需要进行处理。在这项研究中，对制糖业污水中的微藻、细菌和真菌（酵母）分离物进行了筛选，以确定它们在共培养时能否有效去除废水中的化学需氧量（COD）。微藻-细菌联合体（MBC）由小球藻 A7 和三种细菌菌株组成，包括红球菌 B009、芽孢杆菌 B010 和 B013；微藻-酵母联合体（MYC）由小球藻 A7 和酿酒酵母 Y2 组成。与轴生小球藻 A7 相比，以小球藻为基础的共生系统在制糖业废水中获得了极佳的 COD 去除率。培养 96 小时后，MBC 和 MYC 的 COD 去除率分别为 86% 和 71%。在废水中培养 168 小时后，MBC 和 MYC 系统的 COD 去除率均达到了≥90%。此外，MYC 还提高了小球藻 A7 的叶绿素-a 含量、光合作用和呼吸作用。这项研究证明了以小球藻为基础的联合体系统的效率，该系统可用作高强度 COD 废水的生态友好型可持续生物修复工具。小球藻和在制糖业废水中生长的共培养微生物菌株之间的相互作用机制仍有待进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Reinvigorating algal cultivation for biomass production with digital twin technology - a smart sustainable infrastructure 利用数字孪生技术振兴藻类栽培，促进生物质生产--智能型可持续基础设施

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103779

Abdul Gaffar Sheik , Arvind Kumar , Faiz Ahmad Ansari , Vinay Raj , Nicolás M Peleato , Ameer Khan Patan , Sheena Kumari , Faizal Bux

Industry 5.0 raises awareness towards converting conventional industrial technologies into smart technologies integrated with sustainable infrastructure for efficiently handling process systems, making them more energy and cost-efficient. New disruptive technologies are emerging due to recent scientific and technical developments, which profoundly affect various process systems. One such case of consideration is the algal cultivation for biomass production (ACB). A technology called an algal digital twin (ADT) has a great deal of promise to change existing ACB (For example raceway pond) into sustainable algal management systems (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Temperature, Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Carbon dioxide (CO₂), pH, Chlorophyll-a, etc.), and to develop their infrastructure in making them more energy efficient and cost-effective for the algal biomass cultivation. However, despite a recent increase in attention, there have not been adequate investigations exploring the challenges of deploying ADTs for controlling and monitoring ACB. This review provides a systematic literature analysis on adopting an ADT into ACB, which could address major difficulties and unresolved problems of the ACB. Also, this study identifies several key categories of hurdles, such as interconnection and semantics, facilities, acquiring data and actuation, data reliability, modelling (Artificial Intelligence of Things), simulation run, decision making, digitalization of data, accountability, as well as social concerns. Additionally, case studies for the ACB towards lipid production and wastewater treatment using ADT are reported. Overall, this comprehensive review aims to help practitioners gain insight into the deployment of ADT into ACB systems, “A way towards creating a sustainable smart infrastructure for ACB”.

工业 5.0 提高了人们对将传统工业技术转化为智能技术的认识，这些技术与可持续基础设施相结合，可有效处理流程系统，使其更具能源和成本效益。由于最近的科技发展，新的颠覆性技术不断涌现，对各种工艺系统产生了深远影响。用于生物质生产的藻类栽培技术（ACB）就是其中之一。一种被称为藻类数字孪生（ADT）的技术大有可为，它能将现有的藻类培养池（如赛道池塘）改造成可持续的藻类管理系统（氮、磷、温度、浊度、溶解氧（DO）、二氧化碳（CO2）、pH 值、叶绿素-a 等），并发展其基础设施，使其在藻类生物质培养方面更具能效和成本效益。然而，尽管近来关注度有所提高，但尚未有足够的研究来探讨在控制和监测 ACB 方面部署 ADTs 所面临的挑战。本综述提供了有关在 ACB 中采用 ADT 的系统文献分析，可解决 ACB 的主要困难和未决问题。此外，本研究还确定了几类主要障碍，如互联和语义、设施、获取数据和执行、数据可靠性、建模（人工智能物联网）、模拟运行、决策制定、数据数字化、问责制以及社会关切。此外，还报告了使用 ADT 对 ACB 进行脂质生产和废水处理的案例研究。总之，本综述旨在帮助从业人员深入了解如何将 ADT 部署到 ACB 系统中，"为 ACB 创建可持续智能基础设施的途径"。

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引用次数: 0

Techno-economic analysis of bioplastic and biofuel production from a high-ash microalgae biofilm cultivated in effluent from a municipal anaerobic digester 利用市政厌氧发酵池污水中培养的高灰分微藻生物膜生产生物塑料和生物燃料的技术经济分析

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103774

Jacob Watkins , Yunhua Zhu , Peter Valdez , Clayton Lords , Ashton Zeller , Pavlo Bohutskyi , Ronald C. Sims

Rotating Algae Biofilm Reactors (RABRs) are a promising technology for efficient treatment of wastewater and production of algae-based bioproducts. However, RABR-grown algae can contain a high content of ash (30–60 wt%, dry basis), which influences the technical and economic feasibility of bioproduct conversion processes. In this report, experimental studies and economic analysis were conducted to compare different processes for bioproduct conversion of a high-ash microalgae biofilm grown using a RABR treating 0.6 million gallons per day of anaerobic digestion centrate at the Central Valley Water Reclamation Facility in Salt Lake City, UT. Process and economic models were developed and compared for three conversion processes: 1) the production of bioplastics, 2) the production of bioplastics with a lipid-extraction pretreatment, and 3) the production of biocrude via hydrothermal liquefaction. Techno-economic analysis was performed for each conversion process, including three cases for algae productivity: 231, 391, and 577 metric tons per year (dry basis). The calculated value for the minimum plastic selling price (MPSP) of bioplastics produced from algae ranges from $4050 to $3520 per metric ton based on the baseline and final productivity cases of the RABR, respectively. The extraction of lipids in addition to bioplastic production results in an MPSP of $4570 to $4000 per metric ton for the same productivity cases. The relatively small production scale and complex processing for hydrothermal liquefaction results in a minimum fuel selling price of the biocrude of $5.32 per gallon of gasoline equivalent. The conversion process for bioplastic production from whole algae has the highest income:expense ratio and the most cost-competitive pricing of the three modeled processes.

旋转藻类生物膜反应器（RABRs）是一种很有前途的技术，可用于高效处理废水和生产藻类生物产品。然而，RABR 生长的藻类可能含有较高的灰分（30-60 wt%，干基），这影响了生物产品转化过程的技术和经济可行性。在本报告中，我们进行了实验研究和经济分析，比较了在犹他州盐湖城中央谷水回收设施中使用 RABR（每天处理 60 万加仑厌氧消化中心液）生长的高灰分微藻生物膜进行生物产品转化的不同工艺。针对三种转换工艺开发并比较了工艺和经济模型：1) 生产生物塑料；2) 通过脂质提取预处理生产生物塑料；3) 通过水热液化生产生物原油。对每种转化工艺都进行了技术经济分析，包括藻类生产力的三种情况：每年 231、391 和 577 公吨（干基）。根据 RABR 的基准和最终生产率情况，藻类生产的生物塑料的最低塑料销售价格（MPSP）计算值分别为每公吨 4050 美元至 3520 美元。在生产率相同的情况下，除生产生物塑料外还提取脂类，则每公吨的 MPSP 为 4570 美元至 4000 美元。由于生产规模相对较小，水热液化工艺复杂，生物原油的最低燃料售价为每加仑汽油当量 5.32 美元。在三种模拟工艺中，利用整株藻类生产生物塑料的转化工艺具有最高的收支比和最具成本竞争力的定价。

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引用次数: 0

The growth and nitrogen utilization strategies in two dominant Symbiodiniaceae species facing nitrogen deficiency and enrichment 面临氮缺乏和氮富集的两种优势共生草本植物的生长和氮利用策略

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103772

Yi Huang , Bohai Gao , Chao Long , Yue Wang , Lijuan Long , Fangfang Yang

Symbiodiniaceae, a diverse group of unicellular dinoflagellates, are well known as endosymbionts of marine invertebrates (e.g., corals, giant clams and foraminiferans). Currently, how in vitro cultured Symbiodiniaceae cope with nitrogen (N) deficiency and enhancement remain largely unexplored. To address this knowledge gap, this study investigated the dynamics of growth, photosynthesis and crystalline guanine formation in response to differential N supplies in two dominant Symbiodiniaceae species: Durusdinium trenchii and Cladocopium goreaui. The results indicated growth rate and photosynthesis were closely related to N sources and concentrations. Under N deficiency, cell growth was inhibited. As N concentration increased, both D. trenchii and C. goreaui exhibited flexible strategies for utilizing different N sources. When provided with nitrate (NO₃⁻), C. goreaui and D. trenchii showed an enhancement in the algal growth and photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm). When ammonium (NH₄⁺) was supplied, a moderate increase of NH₄⁺ can benefit cell growth and photosynthesis, but excessive enrichment adversely affected algal growth. Additionally, Raman microscopy demonstrated that cellular crystalline guanine was formed by C. goreaui when exposed to N supply, but gradually decreased as N was consumed in medium. A similar phenomenon was observed in D. trenchii. We proposed that crystalline guanine may serve as an important N storage and utilization strategy. This study delved into the growth strategies and adaptability of Symbiodiniaceae to varying N nutritional environments, which contributes to understanding the symbiotic relationship between Symbiodiniaceae and corals.

共生藻科（Symbiodiniaceae）是一类种类繁多的单细胞甲藻，是众所周知的海洋无脊椎动物（如珊瑚、巨蛤和有孔虫）的内共生体。目前，体外培养的共生藻如何应对氮（N）缺乏和增加的问题在很大程度上仍未得到研究。为了填补这一知识空白，本研究调查了两种优势共生藤本植物在不同氮供应条件下的生长、光合作用和结晶鸟嘌呤形成动态：Durusdinium trenchii 和 Cladocopium goreaui。结果表明，生长速度和光合作用与氮源和氮浓度密切相关。缺氮时，细胞生长受到抑制。随着氮浓度的增加，D. trenchii 和 C. goreaui 都表现出灵活利用不同氮源的策略。当提供硝酸盐（NO3-）时，C. goreaui 和 D. trenchii 的藻类生长和光合效率（Fv/Fm）都有所提高。当提供铵（NH4+）时，适度增加 NH4+ 有利于细胞生长和光合作用，但过度富集会对藻类生长产生不利影响。此外，拉曼显微镜研究表明，高丽藻在氮供应条件下会形成细胞结晶鸟嘌呤，但随着培养基中氮的消耗，结晶鸟嘌呤逐渐减少。在 D. trenchii 中也观察到了类似的现象。我们认为结晶鸟嘌呤可能是一种重要的氮储存和利用策略。本研究深入探讨了共生苔藓植物的生长策略和对不同氮营养环境的适应性，有助于了解共生苔藓植物与珊瑚之间的共生关系。

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引用次数: 0

The effects of influent 5-Deoxystrigol concentrations on integral biogas upgrading and nutrient removal by different algal-fungal-bacterial consortium 进水 5-脱氧斯的明浓度对不同藻类-真菌-细菌联合体整体沼气升级和营养物质去除的影响

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103770

Pu Cheng , Huayun Yang , Zhengfang Wang , Chunzhi Zhao , Bei Lu , Hui Zhang , Yongjun Zhao

The low quality of biogas and the difficulties in treating biogas slurry are important bottlenecks that limit the development of the fermentation industry. The effects of 5-deoxystrigol (5DS) on the growth rate, daily productivity, and photosynthetic performance of different algal-fungal-bacterial consortia were investigated, and the auxiliary activities of endophytic bacteria (S395–2), Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum), Bacillus licheniformis (B. licheniformis), and activated sludge in these systems were examined. The consortium Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) + G. lucidum + S395–2 was found to be the most effective combination for both biogas upgrading and nutrient removal. Removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorous (TP) were approximately 82.94 ± 7.88 %, 81.36 ± 7.79 %, and 83.27 ± 8.09 %, respectively, and the CO₂ removal efficiency was observed to be about 69.89 ± 6.57 % at the optimum 5DS concentration of 10⁻¹¹ M. On day 7 of the treatment, the CH₄ content was elevated from 66.07 ± 4.84 % to 86.24 ± 8.44 %. The effect of 5DS treatments in different algal-fungal-bacterial consortia was positive in terms of growth performance and photosynthetic rate. The present study provides a framework for efficient biogas upgrading and nutrient removal by the three-phase symbionts.

沼气质量不高、沼液处理困难是制约发酵工业发展的重要瓶颈。研究了5-脱氧斯的明（5DS）对不同藻类-真菌-细菌联合体的生长速率、日生产力和光合作用性能的影响，并考察了内生菌（S395-2）、灵芝（G. lucidum）、地衣芽孢杆菌（B. licheniformis）和活性污泥在这些系统中的辅助活性。结果发现，小球藻（C. vulgaris）+灵芝（G. lucidum）+S395-2 联合体是沼气升级和营养物质去除的最有效组合。在最佳 5DS 浓度为 10-11 M 时，化学需氧量 (COD)、总氮 (TN) 和总磷 (TP) 的去除率分别约为 82.94 ± 7.88 %、81.36 ± 7.79 % 和 83.27 ± 8.09 %，二氧化碳的去除率约为 69.89 ± 6.57 %。在不同的藻类-真菌-细菌联合体中，5DS 处理对生长性能和光合速率的影响是积极的。本研究为三相共生体的高效沼气升级和养分去除提供了一个框架。

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引用次数: 0

Growth and biochemical composition of green seaweed Chaetomorpha linum (O.F. Müller) Kützing (1845) cultured in a range of ionic profiles 在一定离子浓度范围内培养的绿藻 Chaetomorpha linum (O.F. Müller) Kützing (1845) 的生长和生化成分

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103769

Joel Wynhorst , Wing Huen Chung , Ravi Fotedar , Ashiwin Vadiveloo , Navid R. Moheimani , Janet Howieson

Seaweed aquaculture in Inland Saline Water (ISW) can utilise degraded land to produce valuable products. ISW is characterized by its different ionic profile to ocean water (OW), particularly the ratios of sodium (Na⁺) to potassium (K⁺) ions, and magnesium (Mg²⁺) to calcium (Ca²⁺) ions. The feasibility of seaweed cultivation in varying ionic profiles is not yet well understood. This study investigates the growth of Chaetomorpha linum by length (SL) and biomass (TB), cultured in several ionic profiles by mixture of ISW with OW over two 15 day experiments. The first experiment (EXP 1) investigated growth across a broad range of ionic profiles. C. linum was then cultivated across a more specific range of profiles in the second experiment (EXP 2), based on EXP 1 results. Tanks (50 L) were randomly organised outdoors and salinity was maintained at approximately 25 ppt. SL and TB of seaweed was recorded every 3 days. The proximate and mineral composition of harvested seaweed on Day 15 was also analysed. A significant negative correlation (p < 0.001, r = −0.835, n = 13) was observed between non-discrete TB specific growth rate (SGR) and increasing K⁺ of media in EXP 1. A significant positive correlation (p < 0.001, r = 0.769, n = 28, EXP 1) was observed between potassium (K) in dry matter (mg.g⁻¹) and K⁺ in media, suggesting lower K⁺ in media causes increased TB due to higher water flow rate into cells. Calcium (Ca) content (% d.b.) was much higher in K⁺ deficient media, indicating Ca accumulation occurs in cells during ion homeostasis when K is not available. Positive SL SGR's across ionic profiles also indicate this species is capable of a high level of internal ion regulation. This study provides context for commercial cultivation of C. linum in varying water types, and presents an avenue for salinity-affected dryland farmers to diversify their income through ISW aquaculture.

内陆盐水（ISW）中的海藻养殖可利用退化土地生产有价值的产品。内陆盐水（ISW）的特点是其离子状况与海水（OW）不同，特别是钠离子（Na+）与钾离子（K+）的比例，以及镁离子（Mg2+）与钙离子（Ca2+）的比例。在不同离子状况下栽培海藻的可行性尚不十分清楚。本研究通过两个为期 15 天的实验，研究了在多种离子状况下通过混合 ISW 和 OW 培养的 Chaetomorpha linum 的长度（SL）和生物量（TB）的生长情况。第一个实验（EXP 1）研究了多种离子状况下的生长情况。根据 EXP 1 的结果，在第二次实验（EXP 2）中，亚麻酸藻在更具体的离子浓度范围内生长。水槽（50 升）在室外随机布置，盐度保持在约 25 ppt。每 3 天记录一次海藻的盐度和盐浓度。还分析了第 15 天收获的海藻的近似物和矿物质成分。在 EXP 1 中，非离散 TB 特定生长率（SGR）与培养基中 K+ 的增加之间存在明显的负相关（p < 0.001，r = -0.835，n = 13）。在干物质中的钾（K）含量（mg.g-1）与培养基中的 K+ 之间存在明显的正相关（p < 0.001，r = 0.769，n = 28，EXP 1），这表明培养基中的 K+ 越低，进入细胞的水流量越大，从而导致 TB 增加。钙（Ca）含量（% d.b.）在 K+ 缺乏的培养基中要高得多，这表明当 K 缺乏时，细胞中的钙会在离子平衡过程中积累。不同离子状况下的正 SL SGR 也表明该物种能够进行高水平的内部离子调节。这项研究为在不同水质中商业化养殖亚麻藻提供了背景，并为受盐碱影响的旱地农民提供了一条通过ISW水产养殖实现收入多样化的途径。

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引用次数: 0

A comparative analysis on impact of drying methods on antioxidants, antidiabetes and antiobesity activities in green algae Caulerpa lentillifera: In vitro study 比较分析干燥方法对绿藻Caulerpa lentillifera中抗氧化剂、抗糖尿病和抗肥胖活性的影响：体外研究

IF 4.6 2区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2024.103768

Roike Iwan Montolalu, Verly Dotulong, Feny Mentang, Nurmeilita Taher, Daisy Monica Makapedua

Marine algae, particularly Caulerpa lentillifera (C. lentillifera), have gained attention as potent sources of bioactive compounds with diverse health benefits. Despite its promising bioactivity, the influence of drying methods on its health-promoting properties remains underexplored. This study investigates the impact of different drying methods on the antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antiobesity activities of C. lentillifera. Fresh samples (GACL-FS) and those dried using air-fryer (GACL-AFD) and microwave (GACL-MD) methods were evaluated for carrageenan content, protein composition, and bioactive potentials. GACL-MD preserved the highest levels of protein, while fresh samples retained the highest carrageenan content. Antioxidant assays revealed superior performance in GACL-MD samples, showing significant DPPH and ABTS inhibition compared to Trolox standards. Similarly, antidiabetic assays demonstrated comparable α-glucosidase inhibition across all drying methods, suggesting robust retention of antidiabetic properties. Antiobesity activity, evaluated through lipase inhibition assays, highlighted GACL-MD's efficacy at lower concentrations, akin to Orlistat, while fresh and air-fryer dried samples showed varied results. In conclusion, C. lentillifera exhibits substantial potential as a functional food ingredient, with the drying method significantly influencing its bioactive profile. Microwave drying emerged as optimal for preserving antioxidant and antiobesity activities, emphasizing the need for tailored drying strategies to enhance nutritional benefits. Future research should focus on optimizing processing techniques and elucidating underlying mechanisms to fully harness C. lentillifera's health-promoting properties in functional food development and public health interventions.

海洋藻类，尤其是蓝藻（Caulerpa lentillifera），作为具有多种健康益处的生物活性化合物的有效来源，已经引起了人们的关注。尽管其生物活性前景广阔，但干燥方法对其健康促进特性的影响仍未得到充分探索。本研究探讨了不同干燥方法对扁豆的抗氧化、抗糖尿病和抗肥胖活性的影响。研究评估了新鲜样品（GACL-FS）以及使用空气油炸法（GACL-AFD）和微波法（GACL-MD）干燥的样品的卡拉胶含量、蛋白质组成和生物活性潜力。GACL-MD 保存了最高水平的蛋白质，而新鲜样品保留了最高的卡拉胶含量。抗氧化试验表明，GACL-MD 样品的抗氧化性能更优越，与 Trolox 标准品相比，它对 DPPH 和 ABTS 的抑制作用明显。同样，抗糖尿病测定显示，所有干燥方法对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用相当，这表明其具有很强的抗糖尿病特性。通过脂肪酶抑制实验评估的抗肥胖活性突出了 GACL-MD 在较低浓度下的功效，类似于奥利司他，而新鲜样品和风干样品则显示出不同的结果。总之，C. lentillifera 具有作为功能性食品配料的巨大潜力，干燥方法对其生物活性特征有显著影响。微波干燥是保存抗氧化和抗肥胖活性的最佳方法，这强调了需要定制干燥策略来提高营养价值。未来的研究应侧重于优化加工技术和阐明潜在机制，以便在功能食品开发和公共卫生干预中充分利用扁豆的健康促进特性。

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引用次数: 0