Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts最新文献

{"title":"Physiological, biochemical, and cytotoxic characterization of two UV-C mutant strains of the microalga Porphyridium purpureum (Rhodophyta): An indoor and outdoor study","authors":"Pablo Castro-Varela ,&nbsp;Roberto Teófilo Abdala-Díaz ,&nbsp;Félix L. Figueroa ,&nbsp;Patricia I. Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2026.104533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2026.104533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Porphyridium purpureum</em> is a red microalga that contains phycoerythrin (R-PE), exopolysaccharides (EPS) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs): linoleic acid (LA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and arachidonic acid (AA). The optimization of culture conditions remains a major challenge for enhancing biomass production on a large scale. In this study, a random mutagenesis-selection approach to enhance the physiological and biochemical traits of <em>P. purpureum</em> was used. UV-C radiation (254 nm) served as the mutagenic agent, while dim light and the fatty acid biosynthesis inhibitor Cerulenin, were employed as selection agents. Four mutant strains (A-4, B-3, B-7, and B-11) were selected and evaluated at the laboratory scale (1 L). According to their growth and biochemical attributes, strains B-7 and B-11 were selected and used for outdoor trials in 350 L tubular photobioreactor. The strains B-7 and B-3 in 350-L trials achieved similar percentages of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (ranging from 60 to 64%) compared to the wild-type strain. However, only the B-7 strain showed an increase in total lipid accumulation, rising from 5.9% to 6.5% relative to the wild type; additionally, LA and ARA increased by 49.5% and 52.3.7%, respectively, while EPA decreased by 56.7% compared to the wild type. Concerning phycoerythrin, improvements were observed only in strain B-7 (from 14.4 to 20.6 mg g⁻¹ dry biomass). The biomass production per culture volume increased by approximately 53.2% for B-7 and 35% for B-3, respectively, relative to the wild type, indicating that notable properties of the mutant strains could be observed at a large culture scale. Regarding the potential use of these strains in nutraceutical applications, cytotoxicity tests of strains B-3 and B-7 showed no harmful effects on healthy human cell lines. Furthermore, both strains demonstrated some antitumoral activity against colon cancer HCT-116 cells. This study demonstrated that random mutagenesis-selection is a valuable approach for selecting new <em>P. purpureun</em> strains for biotechnological applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104533"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No cell wall disruption needed: Algal protein content quantification via alkaline hydrolysis and ninhydrin reaction","authors":"Hamideh Abdolrahmani ,&nbsp;Amir Amiri-Sadeghan ,&nbsp;Maryam Seyyedi ,&nbsp;Leila Zarandi Miandoab","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate measurement of protein content in algal biomass is essential for assessing its suitability for food, feed, and biofuel applications. The conventional standard, the Kjeldahl method, relies on a nitrogen-to-protein conversion factor that is both species- and growth-condition-dependent, introducing potential variability. Furthermore, the robust cell walls of many algal species hinder efficient protein extraction for direct measurement, leading to inconsistent results across laboratories. A significant portion of the protein content may also be located within the cell wall itself. To address these limitations, we evaluated an alternative approach based on the ninhydrin reaction, which is commonly used for amino acid quantification and can be adapted for indirect protein determination. In our method, algal biomass is first incubated in 10 M NaOH to release potential interfering compounds, such as free amino acids and pigments, into the supernatant. This supernatant is reacted with ninhydrin to establish a background non-protein signal. The same solution is then subjected to thermal hydrolysis (120 °C, 20 min) to break down proteins into free amino acids, which are quantified via a second ninhydrin reaction. A calibration curve, generated from hydrolyzed bovine serum albumin (BSA) treated under identical conditions, enables protein determination. We applied this method to measure the protein content of, <em>C. sorokiniana</em>, comparing the results with those from the Kjeldahl method and free and total amino acid profiling. Our findings demonstrate that the proposed ninhydrin-based approach is a feasible and reliable alternative for algal protein quantification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104511"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulfated polysaccharides from Caulerpa sertularioides promote bone regeneration in hMSC-WJ and zebrafish models","authors":"Victor M. Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Pablo F.F. Farias ,&nbsp;Augusto M. Souza ,&nbsp;Ana C. Luchiari ,&nbsp;Hugo A.O. Rocha ,&nbsp;Susana M.G. Moreira","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2026.104552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2026.104552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine sulfated polysaccharides (SP) have attracted interest as bioactive materials for bone regeneration. In this study, we investigated the osteogenic potential in vitro and in vivo of SP F0.5v, F0.9v and F1.8v samples obtained from the crude extract (CE) of <em>Caulerpa sertularioides</em>, which had previously demonstrated osteogenic activity. The chemical composition of samples revealed different profiles, and the F0.5v sample had higher total sugars and sulfate degree. In vitro, the F0.5v sample significantly enhanced ALP activity, promoted matrix mineralization, and upregulated key osteogenic markers in hMSC-WJ at concentrations of 5 and 10 μg·mL⁻¹, both in the presence and absence of osteogenic inducers in the culture medium. In vivo, zebrafish exposed to F0.5v sample exhibited no malformations or embryotoxicity, while calcein staining revealed significantly increased vertebral calcification at 5 and 10 μg·mL⁻¹. This work provides the first in vivo insight into the osteogenic effects of SP from <em>C. sertularioides</em>, and for the first time identifies the F0.5v sample as the primary contributor to this activity. These findings demonstrate that this sample is both non-toxic and osteoinductive, taking a step closer to a pure bioactive compound with potential application as a marine-derived biomolecule for bone regeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104552"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to different light and temperature regimes reveals high plasticity in Galdieria cultures","authors":"Mariana Manzoni Maroneze ,&nbsp;Mariela Saucedo-Reyes ,&nbsp;Antonio Bahena-Contreras ,&nbsp;Rossana Machuca-Osorio ,&nbsp;Alfredo Martinez","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2026.104580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2026.104580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the growth performance, macromolecular composition, and pigment production of the thermoacidophilic microalga <em>Galdieria yellowstonensis</em> CCMEE 5587.1 under diverse cultivation conditions relevant to large-scale applications. The effects of constant temperatures (30–50 °C), light intensities (0–400 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹), and temperature fluctuations (30–45–30 °C and 35–50–35 °C) combined with photoperiod regimes (24:0 h and 12:12 h) were systematically assessed in mixotrophic cultures using 10 g L⁻¹ of glucose under a C/N ratio of 5. <em>G. yellowstonensis</em> exhibited remarkable adaptability, achieving a biomass productivity of 1.72 g L⁻¹ d⁻¹ and a maximum cell concentration of 10.65 g L⁻¹ at a light intensity of 200 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹. The strain exhibited optimal growth at constant temperatures of 35, 40, 42, and 45 °C. Even under extreme temperature fluctuations (35–50–35 °C), the alga maintained consistent growth rates, with no effects from photoperiod changes. Macromolecular composition, including protein, lipids, carbohydrate, and pigment content, demonstrated resilience to environmental variability, while phycocyanin productivity peaked (80 mg L⁻¹ d⁻¹) at moderate light intensity (200 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹). These findings underscore the high metabolic flexibility of <em>G. yellowstonensis</em>, reinforcing its potential for biotechnological applications in high-temperature environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104580"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147396819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying bacterial biomarkers in algae–bacteria consortia: Insights from multivariate analyses of nutrient removal","authors":"Yaoyao Wang ,&nbsp;Xianbin Zhu ,&nbsp;Han Wang ,&nbsp;Kexin Wei ,&nbsp;Menghan Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquaculture effluents are major sources of nutrient and organic pollution, making their treatment a critical research priority. This study evaluated the performance of a natural in-situ algae–bacteria consortia in treating two types of aquaculture wastewater (soft-shelled turtle effluent and aquacultural sludge wastewater). After 7 days, the consortia achieved high removal efficiencies in turtle effluent, 93.5 % for ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), 82.6 % for total nitrogen (TN), and 70.6 % for chemical oxygen demand (COD). In sludge wastewater, removal efficiencies reached 77.1 % for NH₄⁺-N, 87.1 % for TN, 91.7 % for COD, and 89.0 % for total phosphorus (TP), outperforming non-algal controls by 25–45 %. Microbial community analyses revealed a shift toward <em>Chlorella</em> dominant algal populations and a transition from fermentative bacterial taxa (e.g. <em>Clostridium</em>) to aerobic groups such as <em>Pseudomonas</em> and <em>Acinetobacter</em>, supporting enhanced nutrient transformations. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that nutrient variables explained over 58 % of community variation, with NH₄⁺-N and TP strongly correlated with <em>Clostridium</em> and <em>Ruminiclostridium</em>, and TN and NO₃⁻-N associated with <em>Chloroplast</em>, <em>Mitochondria</em>. Mantel tests and random forest analyses identified <em>Chloroplast</em>, <em>Clostridium</em>, <em>Ruminiclostridium</em>, and <em>norank_o_Veillonellales-Selenomonadales</em> as robust biomarkers. These findings demonstrate that algae–bacteria consortia effectively reduce pollutants in aquaculture effluents through synergistic restructuring of microbial communities, offering a scalable strategy for sustainable wastewater management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104515"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing electrode-integrated microalgae cultivation systems for simultaneous bioelectricity and lipid production","authors":"Amina Lami Mohammed ,&nbsp;Man Kee Lam ,&nbsp;Uganeeswary Suparmaniam ,&nbsp;Jun Wei Lim ,&nbsp;Inn Shi Tan ,&nbsp;Sie Yon Lau ,&nbsp;Bridgid Lai Fui Chin ,&nbsp;Peck Loo Kiew","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2026.104526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2026.104526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microalgae are well-known for their high lipid content, which can be converted into biodiesel, providing a renewable energy source. This study investigates the potential of microalgae to generate bioelectricity during cultivation, thereby providing an additional renewable energy source prior to biodiesel production. The research systematically investigates the effects of electrode material, pH, nutrient concentration and salinity on the growth, lipid accumulation and electrochemical performance of <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em>. The optimal performance was achieved using Al<img>Zn electrodes at pH 5.0, a nutrient concentration of 8% <em>v</em>/v and a salinity of 0.2M. Under these conditions, both lipid production and bioelectricity generation were enhanced, resulting in the highest bioelectricity output of 0.82 V and a lipid content of 35.5% wt., corresponding to the maximum lipid yield of 0.302 g/L. These findings demonstrate the dual benefit of high lipid yield and bioelectricity generation, underscoring the potential of electrode-integrated microalgae cultivation systems for the simultaneous production of both biofuels and bioelectricity, indicating their applicability as scalable and sustainable platforms for renewable energy solutions. This study highlights the synergistic enhancement of biofuel production and bioelectricity generation, emphasizing the importance of optimizing cultivation parameters for efficient and sustainable energy production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104526"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous enhancement of lipid productivity and carbon fixation rate in microalgae biofilms by optimization of culture conditions using a new approach based on response surface methodology","authors":"Guan Chen ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiying Sun ,&nbsp;Xinru Zhang ,&nbsp;Hu Zhang ,&nbsp;Shiya Ye ,&nbsp;Zeyi Jiang ,&nbsp;Xinxin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optimizing the culture parameters of microalgae is essential to maximize lipid productivity and carbon fixation rates for their applications in bioenergy and environments. Herein, we optimized light intensity (LI), CO₂ concentration (CC), and culture period (CP) of <em>Chlorella</em> sp. biofilms to simultaneously enhance lipid productivity (LP) and CO₂ fixation rate (CFR). First, based on the Box-Behnken Design, 17 sets of experiments were conducted, and the single-objective of LP and CFR optimization was realized based on response surface methodology (RSM). Then, a dual-objective optimization method for simultaneously improving LP and CFR of microalgae considering the desirability function under all the weights and importance was proposed based on RSM results via determining the Pareto frontier and the difference between the Pareto frontier and Utopia point. The results suggest that the LP and CFR of biofilms could simultaneously reach the optimal values of 56.6 and 173.8 mg·m⁻²·h⁻¹, respectively, at the LI of 200 μmol·m⁻²·s⁻¹, CC of 5.05 %, and CP of 172.8 h, which are 4.8 % and 3.5 % larger than the unoptimized maximal experiment result respectively. The study provides a new and more reliable method for dual-objective optimization in various microalgae culture applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104512"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145923348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing atmospheric cold plasma-assisted extraction for improved recovery of bioactive compounds from Chlorella vulgaris","authors":"Fatemeh Jamshidi-Kia ,&nbsp;Keramatolah Saeidi ,&nbsp;Bahram Hosseinzadeh Samani ,&nbsp;Shirin Ghatrehsamani ,&nbsp;Zahra Lorigooini","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2026.104537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2026.104537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microalgae are increasingly recognized as a sustainable source of nutritionally and pharmacologically relevant bioactive compounds. The growing applications of microalgae have prompted intensive research into sustainable, high-yield extraction methods for bioactive recovery. Cold plasma technology has emerged as a promising non-thermal tool for improving extraction efficiency in biological systems. Its application in extraction is particularly attractive due to its eco-friendly nature and capacity to induce cell wall disruption, facilitating compound release. This study aimed to optimize Atmospheric Cold Plasma-Assisted Extraction (ACPAE) of bioactive compounds from <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em> and to compare its performance with conventional maceration (ME). Extraction time (5–15 min) was optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), and the resulting extracts were analyzed for phytohormones, vitamins, amino acids, minerals, and total carbohydrates. Results demonstrated that ACPAE offers a non-thermal extraction strategy that significantly enhances the recovery of bioactive compounds compared with ME. The optimized ACPAE condition (12.73 ± 0.05 min) yielded the highest levels of phytohormones, amino acids, and minerals, while maceration produced higher total carbohydrate and certain vitamin contents. Plasma treatment induced structural modifications in algal cells, such as cell wall disruption, thereby facilitating the release of intracellular bioactive compounds. Overall, ACPAE demonstrated a more effective, time- and resource-efficient, and eco-friendly alternative to conventional maceration, with strong potential for scalable recovery of microalgal bioproducts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146073966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marine-derived fatty acid esters and diterpenes as multi-target modulators of digestive enzymes: An integrative in vitro and in silico analysis","authors":"Subhan Ali Mohammad ,&nbsp;Balaji Meriga ,&nbsp;Md. Shahidul Islam ,&nbsp;Amit Dubey","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2026.104556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2026.104556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine macroalgae are increasingly recognized as rich sources of structurally diverse metabolites with potential relevance for multi-target metabolic modulation. In this study, an integrative in vitro and in silico approach was employed to investigate chloroform–methanol extracts (CMEs) of <em>Gracilaria corticata</em> and <em>Sargassum linearifolium</em>, with a focus on digestive enzyme modulation and complementary bioactivities. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) profiling identified 49 and 35 compounds, respectively, dominated by diterpene alcohols (e.g., phytol, neophytadiene) and fatty-acid esters (e.g., carbonic acid (1<em>R</em>)-(−)-menthyl octyl ester and hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester), metabolite classes widely associated with antioxidant and metabolic regulatory functions.</div><div>Broad-spectrum antimicrobial screening revealed moderate yet consistent inhibitory activity against <em>Bacillus megaterium</em> and <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>, with inhibition zones reaching up to 1.2 ± 0.2 cm. This activity is indicative of biologically relevant, growth-suppressive antimicrobial potential typical of crude marine algal extracts intended for functional and nutraceutical applications rather than clinical antibacterial use. The CMEs also exhibited pronounced antioxidant capacity (DPPH 82%, ABTS 79%, FRAP 76%), comparable to ascorbic acid, supporting their redox-modulatory potential.</div><div>In vitro enzyme assays demonstrated simultaneous, moderate inhibition of α-amylase (62.2%), α-glucosidase (63.6%), and pancreatic lipase (72.4%), highlighting a multi-target modulatory profile rather than acute pharmacological inhibition. Molecular docking and long-timescale molecular dynamics simulations (1000 ns) were employed to examine the stability and interaction patterns of representative fatty-acid esters and diterpenes with digestive enzymes. These compounds exhibited stable binding conformations and persistent interaction networks across targets, with RMSD values remaining within acceptable stability ranges. MM-GBSA analyses further supported energetically feasible interactions consistent with nutraceutical-grade bioactives, while ADMET predictions were applied as preliminary safety and permeability screens rather than indicators of clinical drug potential. Collectively, these findings highlight marine-derived fatty-acid esters and diterpenes as structurally and functionally relevant modulators of digestive enzymes, with complementary antioxidant and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities. The integrative workflow adopted here provides mechanistic insight into the metabolic relevance of macroalgal constituents and supports their further exploration as functional ingredients in nutraceutical and food-based interventions, rather than immediate pharmacological applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104556"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prorocentrum sinense sp. nov. (Dinophyceae), a new benthic dinoflagellate from Hong Kong coastal waters, South China Sea with the potential to product diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs)","authors":"Shiwen Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiajun Wu ,&nbsp;Ruifang Wang ,&nbsp;Leo Lai Chan ,&nbsp;Pengbin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2026.104530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2026.104530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Prorocentrum</em> species can lead to algal blooms, some can produce diarrheic shellfish toxins (DSTs) like okadaic acid (OA) and its analogs, the dinophysistoxins (DTXs). These toxins can be implicated in diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP), posing a threat to human health. In this study, a strain of <em>Prorocentrum</em>, SKLMP 3SW37, was isolated from Hong Kong coastal waters, and characterized based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses. Morphologically, the isolate exhibited a smaller size and a unique periflagellar platelet pattern compared to <em>P. emarginatum</em>, <em>P. fukuyoi</em>, and <em>P. sculptile</em>. Phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene sequences revealed that the isolate was closely related to <em>P. emarginatum</em> but clearly distinct from it with full statistical support. The combined morphological and phylogenetic data support the designation of this isolate as a new <em>Prorocentrum</em> species, which is proposed as <em>Prorocentrum sinense</em> sp. nov. The toxicity of <em>P. sinense</em> strain SKLMP 3SW37 was assessed through toxin profiling using target, suspect, and non-target screening methods, as well as an in vivo toxicity assay on <em>Artemia salina</em> larvae. The isolate was confirmed to be toxic, producing OA and DTX-1, and it caused mortality of <em>Artemia</em> larvae above a cell concentration of 5 × 10³ cell mL⁻¹. The discovery of new toxic <em>Prorocentrum</em> species in Hong Kong waters highlighted the emerging threats posed by harmful benthic dinoflagellates to marine aquaculture, fisheries, and human health in Hong Kong and its adjacent areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 104530"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}