Medicinal herbs are the most utilized and validated feed additives in the aquaculture industry. This study investigated the dietary effects of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Three sets of diets were prepared by spraying Anise essential oil on a commercial basal diet (30% crude protein) at the rate of 0 (control), 1, and 2 mL/kg diet. The experimental groups were assigned a 3 × 2 factorial design (3 level of anise oil; 0, 1, 2 ml) × 2 levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration. The experiment was assembled as a control no anise (high DO), 1 ml + (high DO), 2 ml + (high DO), Control 0 ml (low DO), 1 ml anise (low DO), and 2 ml anise (low DO). Fish were fed the diets for 60 days consecutively at 3% body weight. The feed intake was recorded daily by subtracting the remaining feed in the containers from the total amount of feed before feeding. The results showed a marked enhancement in the growth performance and reduced feed conversion ratio in fish-fed anise compared to the control group. The carcass composition showed that crude protein was meaningfully by 2.5 and 3.5 g anise per kg diet. In conclusion, incorporating anise into the diet of Nile Tilapia is suggested to enhance performances and well-being.
草药是水产养殖业中最常用和最有效的饲料添加剂。研究了大茴香对尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)的饲粮效应。将茴香精油分别以0(对照)、1和2 mL/kg饲粮的剂量喷洒在基础饲粮(30%粗蛋白质)上，制备3组饲粮。试验组采用3 × 2因子设计(3水平茴香油;0,1,2 ml) × 2水平的溶解氧(DO)浓度。实验分为对照无大茴香(高DO)、1 ml +(高DO)、2 ml +(高DO)、对照0 ml(低DO)、1 ml大茴香(低DO)和2 ml大茴香(低DO)。按3%体重连续饲喂60 d。采食量以饲喂前总采食量减去容器内剩余采食量的方法记录每日采食量。结果表明，与对照组相比，鱼饲八角显著提高了生长性能，降低了饲料系数。胴体组成表明，每kg日粮粗蛋白质显著提高2.5和3.5 g。综上所述，在尼罗罗非鱼的饲料中添加大茴香可提高其生产性能和健康状况。
{"title":"Effect of Anise Essential Oil Supplementation on Growth Performance of Nile Tilapia Reared at Low Dissolved Oxygen Level","authors":"Marawan Hussain, Mohamed Nossair, Heba Farag, Alaa Mansour","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.153229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.153229","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal herbs are the most utilized and validated feed additives in the aquaculture industry. This study investigated the dietary effects of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Three sets of diets were prepared by spraying Anise essential oil on a commercial basal diet (30% crude protein) at the rate of 0 (control), 1, and 2 mL/kg diet. The experimental groups were assigned a 3 × 2 factorial design (3 level of anise oil; 0, 1, 2 ml) × 2 levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration. The experiment was assembled as a control no anise (high DO), 1 ml + (high DO), 2 ml + (high DO), Control 0 ml (low DO), 1 ml anise (low DO), and 2 ml anise (low DO). Fish were fed the diets for 60 days consecutively at 3% body weight. The feed intake was recorded daily by subtracting the remaining feed in the containers from the total amount of feed before feeding. The results showed a marked enhancement in the growth performance and reduced feed conversion ratio in fish-fed anise compared to the control group. The carcass composition showed that crude protein was meaningfully by 2.5 and 3.5 g anise per kg diet. In conclusion, incorporating anise into the diet of Nile Tilapia is suggested to enhance performances and well-being.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134884406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Canned meats are a popular food source that provides protein and the advantage of extended shelf life. However, these products are carbohydrates, fats, vitamins to chemical and microbiological spoilage that can cause changes in their texture, flavor, and odor. Therefore, 60 random samples of locally manufactured canned food were collected from different supermarkets in Alexandria governorate, which were divided into three groups 20 each of canned beef, canned chicken, and canned fish. The obtained results revealed that the mean values of FFA, TVN, and TBA of canned beef, chicken, and fish were 1.17±0.08, 1.07±0.08 & 1.27±0.01; 0.12±0.05, 0.13±0.05 & 0.12±0.04 and 13.4±0.89, 12.75±0.44 & 14.52±0.73, respectively, while the mean of TMA in canned fish was 0.64±0.04 mg/100g. Regarding microbiological quality, the mean values of the aerobic bacterial count were 1.85×104±0.49×104, 1.1×104± 0.47×104, and 7.84×103±2.13×103 Cfu/g in examined canned beef, chicken, and fish products; the mean values of anaerobic bacterial count in the same products were 1.02×104±1.23×104, 0.52×104±0.70×104, and 6.0×103±9.01×103 Cfu/g, respectively. All chemical and bacteriological parameters compared with Egyptian and international standards. Bacillus cereus was detected in 25, 20 and 15% of examined canned beef, chicken, and fish products. On the other hand, Clostridium perfringens couldn’t be detected in any examined canned meat products. Contaminated canned meat products highlighted the need to implement food safety systems such as HACCP during the manufacturing of meat meals.
{"title":"Chemical and Microbiological Spoilage of Canned Meat Products","authors":"Marwa Madian, Mohamed Mousa, Kamal Ayoub","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.157089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.157089","url":null,"abstract":"Canned meats are a popular food source that provides protein and the advantage of extended shelf life. However, these products are carbohydrates, fats, vitamins to chemical and microbiological spoilage that can cause changes in their texture, flavor, and odor. Therefore, 60 random samples of locally manufactured canned food were collected from different supermarkets in Alexandria governorate, which were divided into three groups 20 each of canned beef, canned chicken, and canned fish. The obtained results revealed that the mean values of FFA, TVN, and TBA of canned beef, chicken, and fish were 1.17±0.08, 1.07±0.08 & 1.27±0.01; 0.12±0.05, 0.13±0.05 & 0.12±0.04 and 13.4±0.89, 12.75±0.44 & 14.52±0.73, respectively, while the mean of TMA in canned fish was 0.64±0.04 mg/100g. Regarding microbiological quality, the mean values of the aerobic bacterial count were 1.85×104±0.49×104, 1.1×104± 0.47×104, and 7.84×103±2.13×103 Cfu/g in examined canned beef, chicken, and fish products; the mean values of anaerobic bacterial count in the same products were 1.02×104±1.23×104, 0.52×104±0.70×104, and 6.0×103±9.01×103 Cfu/g, respectively. All chemical and bacteriological parameters compared with Egyptian and international standards. Bacillus cereus was detected in 25, 20 and 15% of examined canned beef, chicken, and fish products. On the other hand, Clostridium perfringens couldn’t be detected in any examined canned meat products. Contaminated canned meat products highlighted the need to implement food safety systems such as HACCP during the manufacturing of meat meals.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135506723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Hadary, Iman Bawab, Kamal Metwaly, Samia Rheem
Semen preservation by cooling or freezing is an essential artificial insemination (AI) step. AI is affected by many factors, such as semen quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding different concentrations of different antioxidants such as selenium, zinc oxide and Vitamin C to the diluted buck semen during cooling in both summer and winter. Eight mature healthy Zaraibi bucks were used in the study. semen was collected twice weekly during summer 2021 (august and September) and winter 2022 (January and February). Semen samples were collected by an electro- ejaculator device. Samples of good quality semen were pooled and diluted by extender and divided according to experimental groups: Group 1 Vitamin C: 50 mg /100 ml, 1oo mg /100 ml, 150 mg /100 ml. Group 2 Zinc oxide: 0.5 mg /100 ml, 1 mg /100 ml, 1.5 mg /100 ml. Group 3 Selenium: 100 μL/100 ml, 200 μL / 100, 300 μL / 100. After cooling by 1 hr. semen parameters were examined as motility, livability, acrosome integrity and cell membrane integrity and at 8 hours from cooling then every 8 hr till 64 hr. Seminal antioxidant activities as SOD and catalase were estimated at 0 hr, 24 hr and 48 hr. The results indicated that selenium 200 μL / 100 ml diluent has a favorable effect on cooled diluted buck semen during summer and winter more than selenium 100 μL and 300 μL. Selenium is better than Zinc oxide and Vitamin C for improving the semen quality as with minimum cost. In conclusion adding selenium as antioxidant to buck semen during cooling preservation with 200 μL concentration per 100 diluents is preferred for buck semen during cooling preservation.
{"title":"The Effect of Adding Antioxidants on Cooled Zarabi Buck Semen During Different Seasons","authors":"Ahmed Hadary, Iman Bawab, Kamal Metwaly, Samia Rheem","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.164073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.164073","url":null,"abstract":"Semen preservation by cooling or freezing is an essential artificial insemination (AI) step. AI is affected by many factors, such as semen quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding different concentrations of different antioxidants such as selenium, zinc oxide and Vitamin C to the diluted buck semen during cooling in both summer and winter. Eight mature healthy Zaraibi bucks were used in the study. semen was collected twice weekly during summer 2021 (august and September) and winter 2022 (January and February). Semen samples were collected by an electro- ejaculator device. Samples of good quality semen were pooled and diluted by extender and divided according to experimental groups: Group 1 Vitamin C: 50 mg /100 ml, 1oo mg /100 ml, 150 mg /100 ml. Group 2 Zinc oxide: 0.5 mg /100 ml, 1 mg /100 ml, 1.5 mg /100 ml. Group 3 Selenium: 100 μL/100 ml, 200 μL / 100, 300 μL / 100. After cooling by 1 hr. semen parameters were examined as motility, livability, acrosome integrity and cell membrane integrity and at 8 hours from cooling then every 8 hr till 64 hr. Seminal antioxidant activities as SOD and catalase were estimated at 0 hr, 24 hr and 48 hr. The results indicated that selenium 200 μL / 100 ml diluent has a favorable effect on cooled diluted buck semen during summer and winter more than selenium 100 μL and 300 μL. Selenium is better than Zinc oxide and Vitamin C for improving the semen quality as with minimum cost. In conclusion adding selenium as antioxidant to buck semen during cooling preservation with 200 μL concentration per 100 diluents is preferred for buck semen during cooling preservation.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135506724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ibrahim Elkamash, M. Said, Mansour Aboelneen, S. Zaabel
The aim of the current study was to use ultrasound imaging to follow the follicular dynamics in dairy cows and to determine the relationship between the diameter of the dominant follicle (DF), the life span of the corpus luteum (CL), interovulatory interval (IOI), and the number of follicular waves. Twenty nine Holstein normal cyclic cows 60 days postpartum were used in this study. The ovaries of the experimental cows were scanned for the DF and CL every three days from ovulation to ovulation. Cows undergo the Ovsynch program to unify the beginning of the ovulation per cycle. The results revealed that, cows that exhibit the two wave patterns have a longer time of IOI than a cow with a one wave pattern (P<0.05), and a shorter length of IOI than cows with three follicular wave patterns (P<0.05). The duration of the DF growth phase in the first follicular wave (Wave 1) was prolonged in a cow that exhibited a one-wave pattern than in the cows that exhibited the two or three-wave patterns (p<0.05). The maximum diameter of DF for a single follicular wave pattern (17.6 ± 0.67 mm). The maximum diameter of the anovulatory follicle in the two-wave patterns (12 ± 2.53 mm) was larger than the maximum diameter of the anovulatory follicle (10.75 ±1.33 mm, p<0.05) of wave one in cows that exhibited three-wave patterns. The lifespan of the corpus luteum in the one-wave pattern was significantly shorter (p<0.05) than in two-wave patterns and three-wave patterns. The length of the IOI was positively increased with the number of the follicular wave and the length of the luteal phase but was negatively related to the diameter of the first dominant follicle in the wave and the duration of the (DF) growth phase in the first wave (p<0.05). In Conclusion, these results demonstrate that the length of the IOI in cows exhibiting the two-wave patterns is shorter than in cows exhibiting three-wave patterns due to the larger diameter of the dominant follicle in wave one, the longer duration of the DF growth phase in the first wave, and the shorter life span of the CL in the cows exhibiting two-wave patterns than in cows exhibiting three-wave patterns.
本研究的目的是利用超声成像技术跟踪奶牛卵泡的动态变化，确定优势卵泡直径(DF)、黄体寿命(CL)、排卵间隔(IOI)与卵泡波数之间的关系。本研究选用29头产后60天正常周期的荷斯坦奶牛。从排卵期到排卵期，每隔3天对试验奶牛卵巢进行DF和CL扫描。奶牛通过ovsync程序来统一每个周期的排卵开始时间。结果表明，两种卵泡波型奶牛的卵泡期比一种卵泡波型奶牛长(P<0.05)，比三种卵泡波型奶牛短(P<0.05)。单波型奶牛的DF生长期在第一卵泡波(波1)中的持续时间比二波型和三波型奶牛的延长(p<0.05)。单个滤泡波形的DF最大直径(17.6±0.67 mm)。两波型奶牛无排卵卵泡最大直径(12±2.53 mm)大于三波型奶牛一波型无排卵卵泡最大直径(10.75±1.33 mm, p<0.05)。黄体单波组的寿命明显短于双波组和三波组(p<0.05)。IOI长度与卵泡波数和黄体期长度呈正相关，而与第一波优势卵泡直径和第一波(DF)生长期持续时间呈负相关(p<0.05)。综上所述，由于第一波优势卵泡直径较大，第一波DF生长期持续时间较长，双波奶牛的IOI长度比三波奶牛短，且双波奶牛的CL寿命比三波奶牛短。
{"title":"The Use of Ultrasound for Monitoring the Relationship Between the Diameter of the Dominant Follicle, The Inter-ovulatory Interval, and Follicular Waves in Dairy Cattle","authors":"Ibrahim Elkamash, M. Said, Mansour Aboelneen, S. Zaabel","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.155956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.155956","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the current study was to use ultrasound imaging to follow the follicular dynamics in dairy cows and to determine the relationship between the diameter of the dominant follicle (DF), the life span of the corpus luteum (CL), interovulatory interval (IOI), and the number of follicular waves. Twenty nine Holstein normal cyclic cows 60 days postpartum were used in this study. The ovaries of the experimental cows were scanned for the DF and CL every three days from ovulation to ovulation. Cows undergo the Ovsynch program to unify the beginning of the ovulation per cycle. The results revealed that, cows that exhibit the two wave patterns have a longer time of IOI than a cow with a one wave pattern (P<0.05), and a shorter length of IOI than cows with three follicular wave patterns (P<0.05). The duration of the DF growth phase in the first follicular wave (Wave 1) was prolonged in a cow that exhibited a one-wave pattern than in the cows that exhibited the two or three-wave patterns (p<0.05). The maximum diameter of DF for a single follicular wave pattern (17.6 ± 0.67 mm). The maximum diameter of the anovulatory follicle in the two-wave patterns (12 ± 2.53 mm) was larger than the maximum diameter of the anovulatory follicle (10.75 ±1.33 mm, p<0.05) of wave one in cows that exhibited three-wave patterns. The lifespan of the corpus luteum in the one-wave pattern was significantly shorter (p<0.05) than in two-wave patterns and three-wave patterns. The length of the IOI was positively increased with the number of the follicular wave and the length of the luteal phase but was negatively related to the diameter of the first dominant follicle in the wave and the duration of the (DF) growth phase in the first wave (p<0.05). In Conclusion, these results demonstrate that the length of the IOI in cows exhibiting the two-wave patterns is shorter than in cows exhibiting three-wave patterns due to the larger diameter of the dominant follicle in wave one, the longer duration of the DF growth phase in the first wave, and the shorter life span of the CL in the cows exhibiting two-wave patterns than in cows exhibiting three-wave patterns.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76261974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was designed to reveal the diagnostic efficiency of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), oxidative stress index (OSI), thiol/disulphide homeostasis (TDH), albumin (ALB) and ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA) parameters in the assessment of oxidative stress in dogs with babesiosis. While the babesiosis group consisted of a total of 7 dogs with clinical and parasitological (ELISA) diagnoses of babesiosis, the control group consisted of 7 healthy dogs. Blood samples were taken from both groups. While the levels of TAC, TOC and ALB in the blood serums of the groups were measured using a commercial kit, the levels of total thiol (TT), native thiol (NT) and IMA were measured using the method. The OSI and disulphide (Ds) levels were calculated using the formula. When compared with the control group, TAC and ALB levels significantly decreased, whereas the levels of TOC and OSI elevated in the babesiosis group (p<0.05). No difference was found between the groups in terms of NT, TT, Ds, and IMA levels and the ratios of NT/TT, Ds/TT, and Ds/NT (p˃0.05). A negative significant correlation was found between TAC and OSI and between Ds/NT and NT, TT and NT/TT (p<0.05; p<0.001, respectively). A significant positive correlation was found between NT and TT and NT/TT and between TT and NT/TT (p<0.001). The areas under the ROC curve of the variables TAC, TOC, OSI and ALB were found to be 0.918, 0.796, 0.980 and 1, respectively. The results showed that TAC, TOC, OSI and ALB performed diagnostically in the assessment of elevated oxidative stress in dogs with babesiosis.
{"title":"Investigation of Thiol-Disulphide Homeostasis, Total Oxidant-Antioxidant and Ischaemia-Modified Albumin Levels in Dogs with Babesiosis","authors":"M. Tarhan, Y. Değer, B. Oğuz, U. Ozdek","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.145761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.145761","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to reveal the diagnostic efficiency of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), oxidative stress index (OSI), thiol/disulphide homeostasis (TDH), albumin (ALB) and ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA) parameters in the assessment of oxidative stress in dogs with babesiosis. While the babesiosis group consisted of a total of 7 dogs with clinical and parasitological (ELISA) diagnoses of babesiosis, the control group consisted of 7 healthy dogs. Blood samples were taken from both groups. While the levels of TAC, TOC and ALB in the blood serums of the groups were measured using a commercial kit, the levels of total thiol (TT), native thiol (NT) and IMA were measured using the method. The OSI and disulphide (Ds) levels were calculated using the formula. When compared with the control group, TAC and ALB levels significantly decreased, whereas the levels of TOC and OSI elevated in the babesiosis group (p<0.05). No difference was found between the groups in terms of NT, TT, Ds, and IMA levels and the ratios of NT/TT, Ds/TT, and Ds/NT (p˃0.05). A negative significant correlation was found between TAC and OSI and between Ds/NT and NT, TT and NT/TT (p<0.05; p<0.001, respectively). A significant positive correlation was found between NT and TT and NT/TT and between TT and NT/TT (p<0.001). The areas under the ROC curve of the variables TAC, TOC, OSI and ALB were found to be 0.918, 0.796, 0.980 and 1, respectively. The results showed that TAC, TOC, OSI and ALB performed diagnostically in the assessment of elevated oxidative stress in dogs with babesiosis.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81418207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Roshdy, R. Khalil, Hani latif, T. Saad, M. Tanekhy
This study aimed to determine and identify the common bacterial infection in different stages of cultured sea bass during the different season. In addition Eexperimentally infected the sea bass with the Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahemolyticus. The aquarium trial was carried out with European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in private fish farm at Borg El-Arab, Alexandria governorate Egypt. At total 50 of seabass was used during the study. The study lasted 10 weeks, starting with 50 ± 5 gram /fish. Prior to the start of the trial, the fish were fed with a commercial diet (45 percent CP, crude protein). Water quality parameters were monitored during fish acclimatization and throughout the trial. Water temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen remained within acceptable ranges for marine production during the trial. Our study concluded that, Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahemolyticus causes a great losses in cluttered sea bass Dicentrarchus Labrax reared in cages The presence of histopathological lesions in the internal organs clearly explained the septicemic nature of Vibrio infection. Altogether, the full confirmation of Vibrio infection ought to incorporate, examination of fishes for the visible clinical signs, postmortem examination, isolation of the causative agent using specific media and biochemical tests, and histopathological examination of the internal organs as a proof of septicemic nature of the Vibrio infection. The sensitivity test revealed sensitive to ciprofloxacin (Cipro 5μg), novobiocine (NV 30 μg), intermediate sensitivity was found to Oxytetracycline (OT 30 μg) while, the resistance was observed to amoxicillin (Aml 10 μg) and colisitine sulphate (CT 10 μg)
{"title":"Diseases problems in cluttered sea bass Dicentrarchus Labrax reared in cages from Fingerlings until marketing size in Mariout Valley at King Mariout in Alexandria province","authors":"M. Roshdy, R. Khalil, Hani latif, T. Saad, M. Tanekhy","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.126197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.126197","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine and identify the common bacterial infection in different stages of cultured sea bass during the different season. In addition Eexperimentally infected the sea bass with the Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahemolyticus. The aquarium trial was carried out with European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in private fish farm at Borg El-Arab, Alexandria governorate Egypt. At total 50 of seabass was used during the study. The study lasted 10 weeks, starting with 50 ± 5 gram /fish. Prior to the start of the trial, the fish were fed with a commercial diet (45 percent CP, crude protein). Water quality parameters were monitored during fish acclimatization and throughout the trial. Water temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen remained within acceptable ranges for marine production during the trial. Our study concluded that, Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahemolyticus causes a great losses in cluttered sea bass Dicentrarchus Labrax reared in cages The presence of histopathological lesions in the internal organs clearly explained the septicemic nature of Vibrio infection. Altogether, the full confirmation of Vibrio infection ought to incorporate, examination of fishes for the visible clinical signs, postmortem examination, isolation of the causative agent using specific media and biochemical tests, and histopathological examination of the internal organs as a proof of septicemic nature of the Vibrio infection. The sensitivity test revealed sensitive to ciprofloxacin (Cipro 5μg), novobiocine (NV 30 μg), intermediate sensitivity was found to Oxytetracycline (OT 30 μg) while, the resistance was observed to amoxicillin (Aml 10 μg) and colisitine sulphate (CT 10 μg)","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85532989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pathogenic Escherichia coli is one of the most main food borne pathogen causing serious problem particular for human through food of animal origin such as meat and dairy products. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, antibiogram pattern and molecular identification of some putative virulence genes of pathogenic E.coli recovered from human and food sources. A total of 200 samples from minced meat, (50) Karish cheese, (50) human stool sample (50) and human urine samples (50) were collected for bacteriological identification before being subjected to serological and molecular analysis. The results revealed that 123 (61.5%) were positive for E. coli species on MacConkey ager while only 35 isolates were give green metallic sheen colonies on EMB. Of these 35 isolates, 16 isolates (45.7%) were identified as pathogenic E.coli through biofilm activity on congo red medium (back color colonies). The serological identification of 16 these E.coli strains revealed that EHEC was the most prevalent serotype and found in 8 (50%) followed by EPEC and ETEC 4(25%) for each serotype. All isolates showed high sensitivity test and found that amikacin, nitrofurantoin, gentamicin, amoxicillin /clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, and Ceftriaxone exhibit highly sensitivity with 100, 100, 87.5, 75, 62.5, and 62.5% respectively while resistance was recorded for penicillin, tetracycline, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole and colistin with 75, 75, 50% and 50% respectively. The PCR assay was applied to identify fimA, eaeA, and sxt1virulence genes by using specific primers sets. The results reported that out of screening 10 stains , fimA gene was found in all examined strains (100%), while the eaeA gene was detected in 5 (50%) with no detection of sxt1 gene. In conclusion, the obtained results provide an important data about the relation between human disease and consumption of meat and milk products and understand the epidemiology and disease occurrence.
{"title":"Prevalence, Antibiogram Pattern and Molecular Identification of pathogenic E. coli recovered from Different Sources","authors":"E. Abdeen","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.155327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.155327","url":null,"abstract":"Pathogenic Escherichia coli is one of the most main food borne pathogen causing serious problem particular for human through food of animal origin such as meat and dairy products. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, antibiogram pattern and molecular identification of some putative virulence genes of pathogenic E.coli recovered from human and food sources. A total of 200 samples from minced meat, (50) Karish cheese, (50) human stool sample (50) and human urine samples (50) were collected for bacteriological identification before being subjected to serological and molecular analysis. The results revealed that 123 (61.5%) were positive for E. coli species on MacConkey ager while only 35 isolates were give green metallic sheen colonies on EMB. Of these 35 isolates, 16 isolates (45.7%) were identified as pathogenic E.coli through biofilm activity on congo red medium (back color colonies). The serological identification of 16 these E.coli strains revealed that EHEC was the most prevalent serotype and found in 8 (50%) followed by EPEC and ETEC 4(25%) for each serotype. All isolates showed high sensitivity test and found that amikacin, nitrofurantoin, gentamicin, amoxicillin /clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, and Ceftriaxone exhibit highly sensitivity with 100, 100, 87.5, 75, 62.5, and 62.5% respectively while resistance was recorded for penicillin, tetracycline, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole and colistin with 75, 75, 50% and 50% respectively. The PCR assay was applied to identify fimA, eaeA, and sxt1virulence genes by using specific primers sets. The results reported that out of screening 10 stains , fimA gene was found in all examined strains (100%), while the eaeA gene was detected in 5 (50%) with no detection of sxt1 gene. In conclusion, the obtained results provide an important data about the relation between human disease and consumption of meat and milk products and understand the epidemiology and disease occurrence.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75810668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Hendam, H. Ghanem, Basma H. Marghani, Usama Ismail, A. Ateya
The objective of this study was to explore mRNA levels of immune, growth and lipogenic markers in Holstein Fresian, Simmental and Brown Swiss calves. For this purpose, a total of 180 healthy male calves of three cattle breeds (Holstein Friesian, Simmental and Brown Swiss) with 60 animals from each breed were integrated in this study. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein from each individual calf using vacutainer needle into tubes containing disodium EDTA as an anticoagulant for RNA extraction. There was a significant difference between the three breeds in birth weights of calves, weaning weight of calves, body weights at both 4 months of age and body weight at 6 months of age with the Simmental breed showing the highest value for each parameter. The expression pattern of TLR2, TLR4, TLR6 and BDEF5 genes was significantly up-regulated in Brown Swiss calves compared to Holstein Friesian and Simmental (P<0.05) as evidenced by the diminished levels of ΔCT. However, levels of IGF-1, LPL, SCD and ACACA were significantly up-regulated in Simmental compared to Holstein Fresian and Brown Swiss calves as proved by lowered values of ΔCT in Simmental than Holstein Fresian and Brown Swiss. The results herein indicated that gene expression profile of investigated markers could be used as biomarkers for rigorous selection for immune and growth traits in cattle.
{"title":"Gene Expression of Immune, Growth and Lipogenic Markers in Holstein, Simmental and Brown Swiss Calves","authors":"B. Hendam, H. Ghanem, Basma H. Marghani, Usama Ismail, A. Ateya","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.104939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.104939","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to explore mRNA levels of immune, growth and lipogenic markers in Holstein Fresian, Simmental and Brown Swiss calves. For this purpose, a total of 180 healthy male calves of three cattle breeds (Holstein Friesian, Simmental and Brown Swiss) with 60 animals from each breed were integrated in this study. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein from each individual calf using vacutainer needle into tubes containing disodium EDTA as an anticoagulant for RNA extraction. There was a significant difference between the three breeds in birth weights of calves, weaning weight of calves, body weights at both 4 months of age and body weight at 6 months of age with the Simmental breed showing the highest value for each parameter. The expression pattern of TLR2, TLR4, TLR6 and BDEF5 genes was significantly up-regulated in Brown Swiss calves compared to Holstein Friesian and Simmental (P<0.05) as evidenced by the diminished levels of ΔCT. However, levels of IGF-1, LPL, SCD and ACACA were significantly up-regulated in Simmental compared to Holstein Fresian and Brown Swiss calves as proved by lowered values of ΔCT in Simmental than Holstein Fresian and Brown Swiss. The results herein indicated that gene expression profile of investigated markers could be used as biomarkers for rigorous selection for immune and growth traits in cattle.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"29 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76738624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was performed on 24 calves aged about 30-100 days old, fourteen calves were suffering from signs of pulmonary affections including fever, bilateral muco-purulent nasal discharge, cough and abnormal lung sounds upon auscultation and these calves were enrolled as pulmonary affected group. The other ten calves were apparently clinically healthy as proved by clinical examination and were used as a control healthy group. Blood and serum samples were collected from healthy and diseased calves (before and after treatment). Hematological analysis of diseased calves before treatment showed a significant decrease in the value of RBCs and Hb, with no significant changes in the value of PCV between healthy and diseased calves before and after treatment. The total leucocytic count showed a significant increase in its value in diseased calves with significant increase in neutrophils and lymphocyte (%) as compared with healthy ones. Serum biochemical analysis of pulmonary affected calves showed hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia and hyperkalemia as compared with healthy control calves. Activities of serum AST, ALT showed significant elevations in pulmonary affected calves with no significant changes in levels of total and direct bilirubin as compared with healthy calves. Analysis of acute phase protein of diseased calves before treatment showed a significant increase in values of Haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA), Ceruloplasmin (Cp) and C - reactive protein (CRP) as compared with their levels after treatment and in healthy calves.
{"title":"Clinical, hematological, serum biochemical, and acute phase protein indices in pulmonary affected calves","authors":"M. Ismail, A. Metwally, Zeinab Khamees, M. A.","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.143086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.143086","url":null,"abstract":"This study was performed on 24 calves aged about 30-100 days old, fourteen calves were suffering from signs of pulmonary affections including fever, bilateral muco-purulent nasal discharge, cough and abnormal lung sounds upon auscultation and these calves were enrolled as pulmonary affected group. The other ten calves were apparently clinically healthy as proved by clinical examination and were used as a control healthy group. Blood and serum samples were collected from healthy and diseased calves (before and after treatment). Hematological analysis of diseased calves before treatment showed a significant decrease in the value of RBCs and Hb, with no significant changes in the value of PCV between healthy and diseased calves before and after treatment. The total leucocytic count showed a significant increase in its value in diseased calves with significant increase in neutrophils and lymphocyte (%) as compared with healthy ones. Serum biochemical analysis of pulmonary affected calves showed hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia and hyperkalemia as compared with healthy control calves. Activities of serum AST, ALT showed significant elevations in pulmonary affected calves with no significant changes in levels of total and direct bilirubin as compared with healthy calves. Analysis of acute phase protein of diseased calves before treatment showed a significant increase in values of Haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA), Ceruloplasmin (Cp) and C - reactive protein (CRP) as compared with their levels after treatment and in healthy calves.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"2 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78631659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The goal of this study was to evaluate some of the bacterial microorganisms that contribute to the summer mass mortality syndrome in Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) kept in captivity in the Kafr El-Sheikh governorate. The fish samples were from five private fish farms with high mortality. Hundred diseased Nile tilapia fish (weighing 100–150 g) were collected from these farms (20 samples from each farm). The fish were examined at the farm to detect the clinical signs. The collected samples were sent to the lab for postmortem examination, bacteriological examination, and an antibiogram (sensitivity test) of isolated bacteria. The examined fish farms suffered from mass mortalities; the affected fish displayed respiratory symptoms, dark coloration of the skin, hemorrhagic skin lesions, ulceration, exophthalmia, and ascetics. PM examination showed congestion with enlargement and adhesion of the internal organs (liver, spleen) with abdominal fluid. The isolated bacteria were Aeromonas spp. (28%), Pseudomonas spp. (16%), and Edwardsiella tarda (5%). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify primers targeting gyrB as well as the detection of some virulence genes of Aeromonas hydrophila using one set of primers targeting the detection of the virulent genes AST gene (331bp), Lip gene (382 bp) and Alt gene (442bp). All nine PCR examined isolates were positive for the gyrB-conserved gene, and five examined samples were positive for three genes except sample number 2, which was negative for the Lip gene and the Alt gene. The result of the sensitivity test revealed that isolated bacteria were resistant to Erythromycin, Sulfamethazole Trimethoprim, and Lincomycin, while they were sensitive to Doxycycline and Enrofloxacin. Treatment of farm number 3 with doxycycline for 10 days and farm number 4 with Florfenicol for 10 days resulted in a significant decrease in mortality rates and an improvement in the health status of the fish.
{"title":"A Field Study of Some Bacterial Causes of Mass Mortality Syndrome in Nile Tilapia Fish Farms with a Treatment Trial","authors":"M. Abdou, A. Gamal, A. Saif, Alaa Bryka, A. Zaid","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.148115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.148115","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this study was to evaluate some of the bacterial microorganisms that contribute to the summer mass mortality syndrome in Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) kept in captivity in the Kafr El-Sheikh governorate. The fish samples were from five private fish farms with high mortality. Hundred diseased Nile tilapia fish (weighing 100–150 g) were collected from these farms (20 samples from each farm). The fish were examined at the farm to detect the clinical signs. The collected samples were sent to the lab for postmortem examination, bacteriological examination, and an antibiogram (sensitivity test) of isolated bacteria. The examined fish farms suffered from mass mortalities; the affected fish displayed respiratory symptoms, dark coloration of the skin, hemorrhagic skin lesions, ulceration, exophthalmia, and ascetics. PM examination showed congestion with enlargement and adhesion of the internal organs (liver, spleen) with abdominal fluid. The isolated bacteria were Aeromonas spp. (28%), Pseudomonas spp. (16%), and Edwardsiella tarda (5%). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify primers targeting gyrB as well as the detection of some virulence genes of Aeromonas hydrophila using one set of primers targeting the detection of the virulent genes AST gene (331bp), Lip gene (382 bp) and Alt gene (442bp). All nine PCR examined isolates were positive for the gyrB-conserved gene, and five examined samples were positive for three genes except sample number 2, which was negative for the Lip gene and the Alt gene. The result of the sensitivity test revealed that isolated bacteria were resistant to Erythromycin, Sulfamethazole Trimethoprim, and Lincomycin, while they were sensitive to Doxycycline and Enrofloxacin. Treatment of farm number 3 with doxycycline for 10 days and farm number 4 with Florfenicol for 10 days resulted in a significant decrease in mortality rates and an improvement in the health status of the fish.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80401526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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