Nihal Abdelkader, M. Kammar, H. Ahmed, Ahmed Korritum
A retrospective study of corneo-conjunctival disorders was conducted on 71 dogs at several private pet clinics in Alexandria in Egypt between 2019 and 2022 to determine the incidence of corneo-conjunctival disorders among different breeds, ages, and sexes of dogs using descriptive statistical tools. The overall incidence of corneo-conjunctival disorders in dogs was (35.50%) of the total ocular disorders encountered with Golden retriever breed being the most affected. The majority of corneo-conjunctival affections were met with dogs less than 1 year of age with the cornea being the most affected anatomical location. Corneal Ulcer was the most frequently diagnosed clinical condition. It was also seen that males were affected more than females.
{"title":"Clinical And Surgical Assessments of Disorders of Conjunctiva and Cornea in Dogs: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Nihal Abdelkader, M. Kammar, H. Ahmed, Ahmed Korritum","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.151681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.151681","url":null,"abstract":"A retrospective study of corneo-conjunctival disorders was conducted on 71 dogs at several private pet clinics in Alexandria in Egypt between 2019 and 2022 to determine the incidence of corneo-conjunctival disorders among different breeds, ages, and sexes of dogs using descriptive statistical tools. The overall incidence of corneo-conjunctival disorders in dogs was (35.50%) of the total ocular disorders encountered with Golden retriever breed being the most affected. The majority of corneo-conjunctival affections were met with dogs less than 1 year of age with the cornea being the most affected anatomical location. Corneal Ulcer was the most frequently diagnosed clinical condition. It was also seen that males were affected more than females.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86988075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eman R. Hassan, Hossam A. Ibrahim, Michael M. Shawky, G. Hamad, M. Wahab
Recently, researchers have been more interested in natural than synthetic antioxidants because consumers and industry prefer foods with natural antioxidants to synthetic ones. During past two decades, many researchers tested essential oils like morenga and wheat germ because they contain chemical compounds that can increase or enhance shelf-life of foods, make them more resistant to oxidation, slow down the microbial or fungal growth, and show positive effect on their physiochemical properties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial effect of two essential oils (morenga and wheat germ) to be used as natural preservative in Chicken fillet, So they were applied as natural preservative in Chicken fillet at three concentrations (0.2%, 0.5% and 1%) and compared with negative control and positive control (BHT) and the TBARS, DNPH, pH value, WHC and microbial load was evaluated through a storage period of 12 days and at 4 °C, during storage the treatment showed a results superior to that of the synthetic antioxidant with a lower TBARS value, carbonyl content and microbial load. These findings show that this essential oils at the level of 1% is very effective against lipid and protein oxidation, and a powerful antimicrobial in chicken fillet and is a promising natural antioxidant and antimicrobial replacing the synthetic preservatives in meat processing
{"title":"Influence of Natural Antioxidants from Essential Oils on Shelf Life of Chicken Fillet","authors":"Eman R. Hassan, Hossam A. Ibrahim, Michael M. Shawky, G. Hamad, M. Wahab","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.131448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.131448","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, researchers have been more interested in natural than synthetic antioxidants because consumers and industry prefer foods with natural antioxidants to synthetic ones. During past two decades, many researchers tested essential oils like morenga and wheat germ because they contain chemical compounds that can increase or enhance shelf-life of foods, make them more resistant to oxidation, slow down the microbial or fungal growth, and show positive effect on their physiochemical properties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial effect of two essential oils (morenga and wheat germ) to be used as natural preservative in Chicken fillet, So they were applied as natural preservative in Chicken fillet at three concentrations (0.2%, 0.5% and 1%) and compared with negative control and positive control (BHT) and the TBARS, DNPH, pH value, WHC and microbial load was evaluated through a storage period of 12 days and at 4 °C, during storage the treatment showed a results superior to that of the synthetic antioxidant with a lower TBARS value, carbonyl content and microbial load. These findings show that this essential oils at the level of 1% is very effective against lipid and protein oxidation, and a powerful antimicrobial in chicken fillet and is a promising natural antioxidant and antimicrobial replacing the synthetic preservatives in meat processing","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"415 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84898581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The goal of this study was to evaluate some of the bacterial microorganisms that contribute to the summer mass mortality syndrome in Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) kept in captivity in the Kafr El-Sheikh governorate. The fish samples were from five private fish farms with high mortality. Hundred diseased Nile tilapia fish (weighing 100–150 g) were collected from these farms (20 samples from each farm). The fish were examined at the farm to detect the clinical signs. The collected samples were sent to the lab for postmortem examination, bacteriological examination, and an antibiogram (sensitivity test) of isolated bacteria. The examined fish farms suffered from mass mortalities; the affected fish displayed respiratory symptoms, dark coloration of the skin, hemorrhagic skin lesions, ulceration, exophthalmia, and ascetics. PM examination showed congestion with enlargement and adhesion of the internal organs (liver, spleen) with abdominal fluid. The isolated bacteria were Aeromonas spp. (28%), Pseudomonas spp. (16%), and Edwardsiella tarda (5%). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify primers targeting gyrB as well as the detection of some virulence genes of Aeromonas hydrophila using one set of primers targeting the detection of the virulent genes AST gene (331bp), Lip gene (382 bp) and Alt gene (442bp). All nine PCR examined isolates were positive for the gyrB-conserved gene, and five examined samples were positive for three genes except sample number 2, which was negative for the Lip gene and the Alt gene. The result of the sensitivity test revealed that isolated bacteria were resistant to Erythromycin, Sulfamethazole Trimethoprim, and Lincomycin, while they were sensitive to Doxycycline and Enrofloxacin. Treatment of farm number 3 with doxycycline for 10 days and farm number 4 with Florfenicol for 10 days resulted in a significant decrease in mortality rates and an improvement in the health status of the fish.
{"title":"A Field Study of Some Bacterial Causes of Mass Mortality Syndrome in Nile Tilapia Fish Farms with a Treatment Trial","authors":"M. Abdou, A. Gamal, A. Saif, Alaa Bryka, A. Zaid","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.148115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.148115","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this study was to evaluate some of the bacterial microorganisms that contribute to the summer mass mortality syndrome in Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) kept in captivity in the Kafr El-Sheikh governorate. The fish samples were from five private fish farms with high mortality. Hundred diseased Nile tilapia fish (weighing 100–150 g) were collected from these farms (20 samples from each farm). The fish were examined at the farm to detect the clinical signs. The collected samples were sent to the lab for postmortem examination, bacteriological examination, and an antibiogram (sensitivity test) of isolated bacteria. The examined fish farms suffered from mass mortalities; the affected fish displayed respiratory symptoms, dark coloration of the skin, hemorrhagic skin lesions, ulceration, exophthalmia, and ascetics. PM examination showed congestion with enlargement and adhesion of the internal organs (liver, spleen) with abdominal fluid. The isolated bacteria were Aeromonas spp. (28%), Pseudomonas spp. (16%), and Edwardsiella tarda (5%). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify primers targeting gyrB as well as the detection of some virulence genes of Aeromonas hydrophila using one set of primers targeting the detection of the virulent genes AST gene (331bp), Lip gene (382 bp) and Alt gene (442bp). All nine PCR examined isolates were positive for the gyrB-conserved gene, and five examined samples were positive for three genes except sample number 2, which was negative for the Lip gene and the Alt gene. The result of the sensitivity test revealed that isolated bacteria were resistant to Erythromycin, Sulfamethazole Trimethoprim, and Lincomycin, while they were sensitive to Doxycycline and Enrofloxacin. Treatment of farm number 3 with doxycycline for 10 days and farm number 4 with Florfenicol for 10 days resulted in a significant decrease in mortality rates and an improvement in the health status of the fish.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80401526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was designed to reveal the diagnostic efficiency of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), oxidative stress index (OSI), thiol/disulphide homeostasis (TDH), albumin (ALB) and ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA) parameters in the assessment of oxidative stress in dogs with babesiosis. While the babesiosis group consisted of a total of 7 dogs with clinical and parasitological (ELISA) diagnoses of babesiosis, the control group consisted of 7 healthy dogs. Blood samples were taken from both groups. While the levels of TAC, TOC and ALB in the blood serums of the groups were measured using a commercial kit, the levels of total thiol (TT), native thiol (NT) and IMA were measured using the method. The OSI and disulphide (Ds) levels were calculated using the formula. When compared with the control group, TAC and ALB levels significantly decreased, whereas the levels of TOC and OSI elevated in the babesiosis group (p<0.05). No difference was found between the groups in terms of NT, TT, Ds, and IMA levels and the ratios of NT/TT, Ds/TT, and Ds/NT (p˃0.05). A negative significant correlation was found between TAC and OSI and between Ds/NT and NT, TT and NT/TT (p<0.05; p<0.001, respectively). A significant positive correlation was found between NT and TT and NT/TT and between TT and NT/TT (p<0.001). The areas under the ROC curve of the variables TAC, TOC, OSI and ALB were found to be 0.918, 0.796, 0.980 and 1, respectively. The results showed that TAC, TOC, OSI and ALB performed diagnostically in the assessment of elevated oxidative stress in dogs with babesiosis.
{"title":"Investigation of Thiol-Disulphide Homeostasis, Total Oxidant-Antioxidant and Ischaemia-Modified Albumin Levels in Dogs with Babesiosis","authors":"M. Tarhan, Y. Değer, B. Oğuz, U. Ozdek","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.145761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.145761","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to reveal the diagnostic efficiency of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant capacity (TOC), oxidative stress index (OSI), thiol/disulphide homeostasis (TDH), albumin (ALB) and ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA) parameters in the assessment of oxidative stress in dogs with babesiosis. While the babesiosis group consisted of a total of 7 dogs with clinical and parasitological (ELISA) diagnoses of babesiosis, the control group consisted of 7 healthy dogs. Blood samples were taken from both groups. While the levels of TAC, TOC and ALB in the blood serums of the groups were measured using a commercial kit, the levels of total thiol (TT), native thiol (NT) and IMA were measured using the method. The OSI and disulphide (Ds) levels were calculated using the formula. When compared with the control group, TAC and ALB levels significantly decreased, whereas the levels of TOC and OSI elevated in the babesiosis group (p<0.05). No difference was found between the groups in terms of NT, TT, Ds, and IMA levels and the ratios of NT/TT, Ds/TT, and Ds/NT (p˃0.05). A negative significant correlation was found between TAC and OSI and between Ds/NT and NT, TT and NT/TT (p<0.05; p<0.001, respectively). A significant positive correlation was found between NT and TT and NT/TT and between TT and NT/TT (p<0.001). The areas under the ROC curve of the variables TAC, TOC, OSI and ALB were found to be 0.918, 0.796, 0.980 and 1, respectively. The results showed that TAC, TOC, OSI and ALB performed diagnostically in the assessment of elevated oxidative stress in dogs with babesiosis.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81418207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Hendam, H. Ghanem, Basma H. Marghani, Usama Ismail, A. Ateya
The objective of this study was to explore mRNA levels of immune, growth and lipogenic markers in Holstein Fresian, Simmental and Brown Swiss calves. For this purpose, a total of 180 healthy male calves of three cattle breeds (Holstein Friesian, Simmental and Brown Swiss) with 60 animals from each breed were integrated in this study. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein from each individual calf using vacutainer needle into tubes containing disodium EDTA as an anticoagulant for RNA extraction. There was a significant difference between the three breeds in birth weights of calves, weaning weight of calves, body weights at both 4 months of age and body weight at 6 months of age with the Simmental breed showing the highest value for each parameter. The expression pattern of TLR2, TLR4, TLR6 and BDEF5 genes was significantly up-regulated in Brown Swiss calves compared to Holstein Friesian and Simmental (P<0.05) as evidenced by the diminished levels of ΔCT. However, levels of IGF-1, LPL, SCD and ACACA were significantly up-regulated in Simmental compared to Holstein Fresian and Brown Swiss calves as proved by lowered values of ΔCT in Simmental than Holstein Fresian and Brown Swiss. The results herein indicated that gene expression profile of investigated markers could be used as biomarkers for rigorous selection for immune and growth traits in cattle.
{"title":"Gene Expression of Immune, Growth and Lipogenic Markers in Holstein, Simmental and Brown Swiss Calves","authors":"B. Hendam, H. Ghanem, Basma H. Marghani, Usama Ismail, A. Ateya","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.104939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.104939","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to explore mRNA levels of immune, growth and lipogenic markers in Holstein Fresian, Simmental and Brown Swiss calves. For this purpose, a total of 180 healthy male calves of three cattle breeds (Holstein Friesian, Simmental and Brown Swiss) with 60 animals from each breed were integrated in this study. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein from each individual calf using vacutainer needle into tubes containing disodium EDTA as an anticoagulant for RNA extraction. There was a significant difference between the three breeds in birth weights of calves, weaning weight of calves, body weights at both 4 months of age and body weight at 6 months of age with the Simmental breed showing the highest value for each parameter. The expression pattern of TLR2, TLR4, TLR6 and BDEF5 genes was significantly up-regulated in Brown Swiss calves compared to Holstein Friesian and Simmental (P<0.05) as evidenced by the diminished levels of ΔCT. However, levels of IGF-1, LPL, SCD and ACACA were significantly up-regulated in Simmental compared to Holstein Fresian and Brown Swiss calves as proved by lowered values of ΔCT in Simmental than Holstein Fresian and Brown Swiss. The results herein indicated that gene expression profile of investigated markers could be used as biomarkers for rigorous selection for immune and growth traits in cattle.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"29 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76738624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pathogenic Escherichia coli is one of the most main food borne pathogen causing serious problem particular for human through food of animal origin such as meat and dairy products. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, antibiogram pattern and molecular identification of some putative virulence genes of pathogenic E.coli recovered from human and food sources. A total of 200 samples from minced meat, (50) Karish cheese, (50) human stool sample (50) and human urine samples (50) were collected for bacteriological identification before being subjected to serological and molecular analysis. The results revealed that 123 (61.5%) were positive for E. coli species on MacConkey ager while only 35 isolates were give green metallic sheen colonies on EMB. Of these 35 isolates, 16 isolates (45.7%) were identified as pathogenic E.coli through biofilm activity on congo red medium (back color colonies). The serological identification of 16 these E.coli strains revealed that EHEC was the most prevalent serotype and found in 8 (50%) followed by EPEC and ETEC 4(25%) for each serotype. All isolates showed high sensitivity test and found that amikacin, nitrofurantoin, gentamicin, amoxicillin /clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, and Ceftriaxone exhibit highly sensitivity with 100, 100, 87.5, 75, 62.5, and 62.5% respectively while resistance was recorded for penicillin, tetracycline, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole and colistin with 75, 75, 50% and 50% respectively. The PCR assay was applied to identify fimA, eaeA, and sxt1virulence genes by using specific primers sets. The results reported that out of screening 10 stains , fimA gene was found in all examined strains (100%), while the eaeA gene was detected in 5 (50%) with no detection of sxt1 gene. In conclusion, the obtained results provide an important data about the relation between human disease and consumption of meat and milk products and understand the epidemiology and disease occurrence.
{"title":"Prevalence, Antibiogram Pattern and Molecular Identification of pathogenic E. coli recovered from Different Sources","authors":"E. Abdeen","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.155327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.155327","url":null,"abstract":"Pathogenic Escherichia coli is one of the most main food borne pathogen causing serious problem particular for human through food of animal origin such as meat and dairy products. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, antibiogram pattern and molecular identification of some putative virulence genes of pathogenic E.coli recovered from human and food sources. A total of 200 samples from minced meat, (50) Karish cheese, (50) human stool sample (50) and human urine samples (50) were collected for bacteriological identification before being subjected to serological and molecular analysis. The results revealed that 123 (61.5%) were positive for E. coli species on MacConkey ager while only 35 isolates were give green metallic sheen colonies on EMB. Of these 35 isolates, 16 isolates (45.7%) were identified as pathogenic E.coli through biofilm activity on congo red medium (back color colonies). The serological identification of 16 these E.coli strains revealed that EHEC was the most prevalent serotype and found in 8 (50%) followed by EPEC and ETEC 4(25%) for each serotype. All isolates showed high sensitivity test and found that amikacin, nitrofurantoin, gentamicin, amoxicillin /clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, and Ceftriaxone exhibit highly sensitivity with 100, 100, 87.5, 75, 62.5, and 62.5% respectively while resistance was recorded for penicillin, tetracycline, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole and colistin with 75, 75, 50% and 50% respectively. The PCR assay was applied to identify fimA, eaeA, and sxt1virulence genes by using specific primers sets. The results reported that out of screening 10 stains , fimA gene was found in all examined strains (100%), while the eaeA gene was detected in 5 (50%) with no detection of sxt1 gene. In conclusion, the obtained results provide an important data about the relation between human disease and consumption of meat and milk products and understand the epidemiology and disease occurrence.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75810668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramota Lawal, Tagang Aluwong, Musa Suleiman, Lateef Adeniran, Monday Onakpa, Peter Ajagbonna
Diabetes mellitus is a significant public health problem worldwide. Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetes as it is one of the inevitable outcomes of the cellular process. The present study aims to investigate the putative antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant efficacy of limonene and vitamin E compared with metformin, a standard drug for the therapy of diabetes. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg of alloxan. There was a significant (P<0.05) increase in body weight of rats treated with limonene, vitamin E, and combinatory therapy of limonene and vitamin E compared to the untreated diabetic group which showed a decrease in weight. Combinatory therapy treatment of limonene and vitamin E showed a significant difference (P<0.05) when compared with the groups treated with limonene, vitamin E, and metformin. The combinatory therapy also reduced blood glucose levels, significantly (P < 0.05) compared to the non-diabetic treated group treated with limonene and the group treated with vitamin E. Also, the combined treated group ameliorated the effect of diabetes on total cholesterol, triglyceride concentration, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein. Treatment with limonene and vitamin E, significantly (P< 0.05) ameliorated diabetic effect on MDA concentration and SOD activity. Pathological lesions observed in the pancreas treated with limonene, vitamin E, and combinatory therapy of limonene and vitamin E showed normal tissue architecture compared to the group treated with metformin. It was concluded that limonene and vitamin E exerted significant anti-diabetic and anti-hyperglycaemic effects in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
{"title":"D-Limonene and Vitamin E Combinatory Therapy Stimulate Erythropoiesis and Repair Of Β-Cells Atrophy in Alloxan–Induced Diabetic Rats","authors":"Ramota Lawal, Tagang Aluwong, Musa Suleiman, Lateef Adeniran, Monday Onakpa, Peter Ajagbonna","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.106781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.106781","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is a significant public health problem worldwide. Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetes as it is one of the inevitable outcomes of the cellular process. The present study aims to investigate the putative antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant efficacy of limonene and vitamin E compared with metformin, a standard drug for the therapy of diabetes. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg of alloxan. There was a significant (P<0.05) increase in body weight of rats treated with limonene, vitamin E, and combinatory therapy of limonene and vitamin E compared to the untreated diabetic group which showed a decrease in weight. Combinatory therapy treatment of limonene and vitamin E showed a significant difference (P<0.05) when compared with the groups treated with limonene, vitamin E, and metformin. The combinatory therapy also reduced blood glucose levels, significantly (P < 0.05) compared to the non-diabetic treated group treated with limonene and the group treated with vitamin E. Also, the combined treated group ameliorated the effect of diabetes on total cholesterol, triglyceride concentration, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein. Treatment with limonene and vitamin E, significantly (P< 0.05) ameliorated diabetic effect on MDA concentration and SOD activity. Pathological lesions observed in the pancreas treated with limonene, vitamin E, and combinatory therapy of limonene and vitamin E showed normal tissue architecture compared to the group treated with metformin. It was concluded that limonene and vitamin E exerted significant anti-diabetic and anti-hyperglycaemic effects in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"156 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135261762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Areej Shehata, Mostafa Kassem, Mahmoud Kammar, Howaida Ahmed
The present anesthetic investigation was aimed to evaluate anesthetic clinico-physiological and hematobiochemical effects in addition to the anesthetic properties of propofol or ketamine premedicated with diazepam . For this purpose, 12 apparently healthy dogs were randomly divided into Two groups: A and B. All dogs were premedicated with Diazepam (0.2mg/kg Bwt/IM) then intravenous anesthesia was induced in group A with propofol intravenous (1mg/kg Bwt) ,while group B with ketamine intravenous (5 mg/kg Bwt). Blood samples were collected from the Two groups 15 minutes before anesthesia induction, then at (15, 30, 45 and 60) minutes after treatments for the hemato-biochemical evaluation, and for clinico-physiological observations. A slight alteration in some physiological parameters and hemato-biochemical values was observed after anesthesia induction, but it still safe to induce general anesthesia in dogs. in conclusion, the present anesthetic investigation showed the longest period of anesthesia with complete muscle relaxation following intravenous ketamine injection than propofol in premedicated dogs with diazepam.
{"title":"Anesthetic and clinical assessments of I/V propofol versus ketamine in Dogs premedicated with diazepam","authors":"Areej Shehata, Mostafa Kassem, Mahmoud Kammar, Howaida Ahmed","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.159481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.159481","url":null,"abstract":"The present anesthetic investigation was aimed to evaluate anesthetic clinico-physiological and hematobiochemical effects in addition to the anesthetic properties of propofol or ketamine premedicated with diazepam . For this purpose, 12 apparently healthy dogs were randomly divided into Two groups: A and B. All dogs were premedicated with Diazepam (0.2mg/kg Bwt/IM) then intravenous anesthesia was induced in group A with propofol intravenous (1mg/kg Bwt) ,while group B with ketamine intravenous (5 mg/kg Bwt). Blood samples were collected from the Two groups 15 minutes before anesthesia induction, then at (15, 30, 45 and 60) minutes after treatments for the hemato-biochemical evaluation, and for clinico-physiological observations. A slight alteration in some physiological parameters and hemato-biochemical values was observed after anesthesia induction, but it still safe to induce general anesthesia in dogs. in conclusion, the present anesthetic investigation showed the longest period of anesthesia with complete muscle relaxation following intravenous ketamine injection than propofol in premedicated dogs with diazepam.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135447653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present study, a total of 273 commercial Cobb chicks were subjectively divided into seven groups to evaluate the effects of a probiotic mixture, prebiotic (Isomaltooligosaccharide), and their combination additions on growth performance, intestinal microbiome, caecal colonisation of Salmonella of broilers challenged with S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium. The groups included G01: basal diet (negative control), G02; basal diet and challenged with Salmonella on 3rd day of life (positive control), G03: received probiotic mixture in drinking water and then challenged with Salmonella, G04: received prebiotic in feed and then orally challenged with Salmonella, G05: received probiotic mix and prebiotic (synbiotic) and then challenged with Salmonella, G06: received probiotic mix in drinking water, and G07: received prebiotic in the feed. The obtained data exhibited that probiotic mixture, prebiotic, and synbiotic supplements noteworthy, upgraded growth performance, reduced total Salmonella counts, and augmented the total numbers of Lactobacillus and Enterococcus in the caeca of challenged birds compared with those of challenge untreated group. Compared to the probiotic mix and prebiotic single supplements, the synbiotic effects were notable. Also, probiotic mixture and prebiotic supplements significantly enhanced growth performance and adjusted the caecum microbial composition of uninfected birds compared with those of the uninfected untreated group. In conclusion, probiotic mixture, prebiotic, and in particular, synbiotic supplements could enhance growth performance and increase Lactobacillus and Enterococcus population counts in caeca of broilers experimentally challenged with S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium.
{"title":"Effects of Probiotics and Prebiotics and their Combinations on Growth Performance and Intestinal Microbiota of Broilers Infected with Mixed Salmonellae","authors":"R. Tarabees, S. A., A. S, D. A, EL A, Gaber M","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.143849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.143849","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, a total of 273 commercial Cobb chicks were subjectively divided into seven groups to evaluate the effects of a probiotic mixture, prebiotic (Isomaltooligosaccharide), and their combination additions on growth performance, intestinal microbiome, caecal colonisation of Salmonella of broilers challenged with S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium. The groups included G01: basal diet (negative control), G02; basal diet and challenged with Salmonella on 3rd day of life (positive control), G03: received probiotic mixture in drinking water and then challenged with Salmonella, G04: received prebiotic in feed and then orally challenged with Salmonella, G05: received probiotic mix and prebiotic (synbiotic) and then challenged with Salmonella, G06: received probiotic mix in drinking water, and G07: received prebiotic in the feed. The obtained data exhibited that probiotic mixture, prebiotic, and synbiotic supplements noteworthy, upgraded growth performance, reduced total Salmonella counts, and augmented the total numbers of Lactobacillus and Enterococcus in the caeca of challenged birds compared with those of challenge untreated group. Compared to the probiotic mix and prebiotic single supplements, the synbiotic effects were notable. Also, probiotic mixture and prebiotic supplements significantly enhanced growth performance and adjusted the caecum microbial composition of uninfected birds compared with those of the uninfected untreated group. In conclusion, probiotic mixture, prebiotic, and in particular, synbiotic supplements could enhance growth performance and increase Lactobacillus and Enterococcus population counts in caeca of broilers experimentally challenged with S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74554617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hanim S Heikal, Hanan Elsyd, Rania Tahan, H. Mahboub
Abstract: The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of crossing pure Gimmizah or Bandara (local breeds) with pure Ross (a foreign breed) on growth rate, and the expression of IGF genes. Two local breeds, Gimmizah (G) and Bandara (B), plus one exotic strain of meat-type Ross 308 (R) parents, were used. Combinations of these genotypes were tested on a total of 120 birds from three pure parents. The 180 hatched chicks were divided into three purebreds G×G, B×B, and R×R and three crossbreds R×G, R×B, and G×R and reared for 7 weeks. Body weight and weight gain were recorded for each genetic group. The feed intake and feed conversion ratio were calculated. At the 7th week of age, tissue samples from breast muscle and pituitary gland were collected for IGF gene mRNA expression analysis. The results revealed that the R×R chicks displayed significantly higher final body weight, average daily weight gain, and average daily feed intake when compared to the G×G, B×B, and other crossbred chick lines. While both R×B and G×R crossbred chicks had significantly higher final body weights and average daily weight gains than R×G crossbred chicks and local chicks (G×G and B×B). A better feed conversion ratio was observed in G×R, B×B, R×R and R×B chicks. Crossbred lines (R×B and G×R) had higher dressing percentages than R×G and local breeds. The highest muscular expression of the IGF-II gene was recorded in R×G chicks, while the other crossbred lines, R×B and G×R expressed higher levels of the IGF-II gene than purebred lines. In relation to IGF-I*, R×B chicks had higher relative expression of this gene than other crossbred and purebred lines. When compared to other crossbred lines (R×B and G×R), the expression of IGF-I in brain tissues was significantly higher in the R×G crossbred line. IGF-II and IGF-I* expression levels in brain tissue were higher in the R×G chicks compared to the G×R, G×G, B×B, and R×R chicks. It was concluded that crossing pure Gimmizah or Bandara, as local breeds, with pure Ross 308, as a foreign breed, improved growth traits in the obtained crossbred chicks.
{"title":"Impact of Crossbreeding Between Local and Foreign Strains on the Growth Traits and the Expression of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Genes on Their Chicks","authors":"Hanim S Heikal, Hanan Elsyd, Rania Tahan, H. Mahboub","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.138355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.138355","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of crossing pure Gimmizah or Bandara (local breeds) with pure Ross (a foreign breed) on growth rate, and the expression of IGF genes. Two local breeds, Gimmizah (G) and Bandara (B), plus one exotic strain of meat-type Ross 308 (R) parents, were used. Combinations of these genotypes were tested on a total of 120 birds from three pure parents. The 180 hatched chicks were divided into three purebreds G×G, B×B, and R×R and three crossbreds R×G, R×B, and G×R and reared for 7 weeks. Body weight and weight gain were recorded for each genetic group. The feed intake and feed conversion ratio were calculated. At the 7th week of age, tissue samples from breast muscle and pituitary gland were collected for IGF gene mRNA expression analysis. The results revealed that the R×R chicks displayed significantly higher final body weight, average daily weight gain, and average daily feed intake when compared to the G×G, B×B, and other crossbred chick lines. While both R×B and G×R crossbred chicks had significantly higher final body weights and average daily weight gains than R×G crossbred chicks and local chicks (G×G and B×B). A better feed conversion ratio was observed in G×R, B×B, R×R and R×B chicks. Crossbred lines (R×B and G×R) had higher dressing percentages than R×G and local breeds. The highest muscular expression of the IGF-II gene was recorded in R×G chicks, while the other crossbred lines, R×B and G×R expressed higher levels of the IGF-II gene than purebred lines. In relation to IGF-I*, R×B chicks had higher relative expression of this gene than other crossbred and purebred lines. When compared to other crossbred lines (R×B and G×R), the expression of IGF-I in brain tissues was significantly higher in the R×G crossbred line. IGF-II and IGF-I* expression levels in brain tissue were higher in the R×G chicks compared to the G×R, G×G, B×B, and R×R chicks. It was concluded that crossing pure Gimmizah or Bandara, as local breeds, with pure Ross 308, as a foreign breed, improved growth traits in the obtained crossbred chicks.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"372 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72615218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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