Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.04.007
Gabriel Hansmaennel , Fabrice Berna
<div><h3>Context</h3><div>In recent decades, numerous psychotherapy methods have emerged to treat individuals suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. This article focuses on three of them: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Thought Field Therapy (TFT) and Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT). Belonging to the Power Therapies movement, they have been presented as revolutionary methods by their promoters and have been the subject of considerable controversy within the scientific community. However, EMDR is now a standard treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder. TFT and EFT, on the other hand, are still described as “pseudosciences”. In order to gain a better understanding of the factors that explain this difference, we analysed the way in which EMDR, TFT and EFT developed. We therefore looked at the factors which encouraged the emergence of these methods, but also at the opposition they encountered in their respective paths to scientific validation.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>In order to conduct our comparative analysis, we carried out a non-systematic review of the literature. To do this, we consulted reference works and collected articles relating to EMDR, EFT and TFT using several scientific databases. In total, our analysis covered thirty-seven articles, including eleven reviews of literature, eight books and seven other documents (reports, reviews of evidence, treatment guidelines) produced by health care institutions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After a brief presentation of EMDR, TFT and EFT, we first looked at the factors which encouraged their emergence. We identified three of these: the rise of psychotherapies in the second half of the twentieth century, the notion of “concept creep”, and the popularisation of alternative and complementary medicine. It is this combination of factors that has created a favourable context for the emergence of Power Therapies. At the same time, EMDR, TFT and EFT have also been criticised for their inconsistent theoretical foundations, the poor methodological quality of their initial studies, and questionable promotional tactics. For all these reasons, the scientific community has repeatedly labelled them “pseudosciences”.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>These results led us to discuss the notion of “pseudoscience”. At the end of our research, it appeared to us that the various criteria developed to date did not make it possible to draw a clear line between “science” and “pseudoscience”. With this in mind, we took a critical look at how psychotherapies are evaluated, and tried to determine the respective scientific status of EMDR, TFT and EFT. Despite its inconsistent theoretical foundations, EMDR is the method that comes closest to being scientifically valid. EFT, on the other hand, lacks sufficient evidence to prove its effectiveness, but efforts to standardise its practice have been made with a view to facilitating its evaluation. Finally, TFT is t
{"title":"Comment une technique de psychothérapie devient-elle « scientifique » ? Analyse comparée de trois méthodes de traitement du psychotraumatisme jugées « pseudo-scientifiques »","authors":"Gabriel Hansmaennel , Fabrice Berna","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>In recent decades, numerous psychotherapy methods have emerged to treat individuals suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. This article focuses on three of them: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), Thought Field Therapy (TFT) and Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT). Belonging to the Power Therapies movement, they have been presented as revolutionary methods by their promoters and have been the subject of considerable controversy within the scientific community. However, EMDR is now a standard treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder. TFT and EFT, on the other hand, are still described as “pseudosciences”. In order to gain a better understanding of the factors that explain this difference, we analysed the way in which EMDR, TFT and EFT developed. We therefore looked at the factors which encouraged the emergence of these methods, but also at the opposition they encountered in their respective paths to scientific validation.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>In order to conduct our comparative analysis, we carried out a non-systematic review of the literature. To do this, we consulted reference works and collected articles relating to EMDR, EFT and TFT using several scientific databases. In total, our analysis covered thirty-seven articles, including eleven reviews of literature, eight books and seven other documents (reports, reviews of evidence, treatment guidelines) produced by health care institutions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After a brief presentation of EMDR, TFT and EFT, we first looked at the factors which encouraged their emergence. We identified three of these: the rise of psychotherapies in the second half of the twentieth century, the notion of “concept creep”, and the popularisation of alternative and complementary medicine. It is this combination of factors that has created a favourable context for the emergence of Power Therapies. At the same time, EMDR, TFT and EFT have also been criticised for their inconsistent theoretical foundations, the poor methodological quality of their initial studies, and questionable promotional tactics. For all these reasons, the scientific community has repeatedly labelled them “pseudosciences”.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>These results led us to discuss the notion of “pseudoscience”. At the end of our research, it appeared to us that the various criteria developed to date did not make it possible to draw a clear line between “science” and “pseudoscience”. With this in mind, we took a critical look at how psychotherapies are evaluated, and tried to determine the respective scientific status of EMDR, TFT and EFT. Despite its inconsistent theoretical foundations, EMDR is the method that comes closest to being scientifically valid. EFT, on the other hand, lacks sufficient evidence to prove its effectiveness, but efforts to standardise its practice have been made with a view to facilitating its evaluation. Finally, TFT is t","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"183 6","pages":"Pages 673-680"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2023.06.010
Arnaud Leroy , Frédérique Warembourg , Stéphane Duhem , Thomas Fovet , Nicolas Gaud-Le Pierres , Amélie Porte , Emilie Veerapa , Fabien D’Hondt , Guillaume Vaiva
International guidelines indicate that trauma-focused psychotherapeutic treatments are the recommended approach for first line treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the guidelines concerning drug-focused treatment are less consistent and contradictory. Although trauma-focused therapy combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective in treating PTSD, many patients do not respond adequately to this treatment, which stresses the need to develop effective adjuvant therapeutic treatments. In addition, most randomized controlled trials investigating psychological treatments for PTSD exclude patients with psychosis, addiction, bipolar disorder, and suicidal thoughts, and it is crucial to offer effective treatments for these patients. Off-label medication is frequently used in treating these populations, but there is a need to clarify these practices. We thus propose an evidence-based algorithm for the management of PTSD, based on current international literature and taking into consideration suicidal tendencies, the presence of psychiatric disorders (psychotic disorders, bipolar disorders, borderline personality disorders) or addictive disorders, the severity of PTSD, and resistance to treatment.
{"title":"Traitements pharmacologiques dans le trouble de stress post-traumatique : la nécessité d’une stratégie globale","authors":"Arnaud Leroy , Frédérique Warembourg , Stéphane Duhem , Thomas Fovet , Nicolas Gaud-Le Pierres , Amélie Porte , Emilie Veerapa , Fabien D’Hondt , Guillaume Vaiva","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2023.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2023.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>International guidelines indicate that trauma-focused psychotherapeutic treatments are the recommended approach for first line treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the guidelines concerning drug-focused treatment are less consistent and contradictory. Although trauma-focused therapy combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy is effective in treating PTSD, many patients do not respond adequately to this treatment, which stresses the need to develop effective adjuvant therapeutic treatments. In addition, most randomized controlled trials investigating psychological treatments for PTSD exclude patients with psychosis, addiction, bipolar disorder, and suicidal thoughts, and it is crucial to offer effective treatments for these patients. Off-label medication is frequently used in treating these populations, but there is a need to clarify these practices. We thus propose an evidence-based algorithm for the management of PTSD, based on current international literature and taking into consideration suicidal tendencies, the presence of psychiatric disorders (psychotic disorders, bipolar disorders, borderline personality disorders) or addictive disorders, the severity of PTSD, and resistance to treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"183 6","pages":"Pages 651-655"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent public mental health policies on psychotrauma call for the development of research and information aimed at the general public, as well as the creation of new tools to improve the assessment and care of people suffering from the impact of traumatic events. There are also recommendations that these aspects be broken down according to age group (child and adolescent/adult) and conditions of exposure to the traumatic event (simple/complex). The establishment of the psychotherapies, psychotrauma and resilience unit (U2PR) at the university hospital service for child and adolescent psychiatry (SHUPEA) in Brest, France, is based on an experimental approach to treating complex psychotrauma in children and adolescents, focusing on three recommended areas (care, prevention, research). This article sets out its foundations, with the aim of contributing to exchanges with other professionals and services involved in supporting children and adolescents in distress. It describes the project's internal workings, its links with care partners in the departmental medical-social network, the socio-political motives behind the project, the reflections arising from group work, and the theoretical-clinical basis that strategically structures the implementation of its axes.
{"title":"Évaluation et prise en charge du psychotrauma complexe chez l’enfant et l’adolescent : présentation d’un dispositif expérimental","authors":"Mirka Mesquita , Pierre-Antoine Leroux , Nathalie Bruneau , Guillaume Bronsard , Nolwenn Dissaux","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.03.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent public mental health policies on psychotrauma call for the development of research and information aimed at the general public, as well as the creation of new tools to improve the assessment and care of people suffering from the impact of traumatic events. There are also recommendations that these aspects be broken down according to age group (child and adolescent/adult) and conditions of exposure to the traumatic event (simple/complex). The establishment of the psychotherapies, psychotrauma and resilience unit (U2PR) at the university hospital service for child and adolescent psychiatry (SHUPEA) in Brest, France, is based on an experimental approach to treating complex psychotrauma in children and adolescents, focusing on three recommended areas (care, prevention, research). This article sets out its foundations, with the aim of contributing to exchanges with other professionals and services involved in supporting children and adolescents in distress. It describes the project's internal workings, its links with care partners in the departmental medical-social network, the socio-political motives behind the project, the reflections arising from group work, and the theoretical-clinical basis that strategically structures the implementation of its axes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"183 6","pages":"Pages 656-661"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.12.011
Audric Joël Farrié
<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The term sexual minorities refers to an aggregation of various minority groups defined on the basis of sexual orientation, the main ones being lesbians, gays, bisexuals and asexuals. In the field of psychology, there is little research into sexual minorities. Moreover, they are mainly conducted in Anglo-Saxon countries. The limited amount of research on the subject in France is the result of a principle of equality implicit in the scientific community, according to which minority specificities must be erased in favour of an overall perspective that is intended to be non-stigmatising. However, the erasure of these specificities makes the specific needs of sexual minorities invisible and contributes to a gap in the effectiveness of the care offered compared to the sexual majority. The aim of this article, from a psychopathological perspective, is to examine the link between mental health and sexual minorities and to analyse the various interventions tailored to sexual minorities that can reduce psychopathological difficulties. If psychotherapists were to take these specific characteristics into account, they would be able to provide better care for this population and consequently reduce the risk of mental disorders developing or persisting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The literature review was carried out on the EBSCOHOST and CAIRN databases using the following keywords “sexual minorities OR LGBT+ OR homosexuality OR bisexuality OR asexual”; “mental health OR mental disorders OR psychiatric disorders OR depression OR anxiety OR PTSD OR well-being OR social well-being”.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The proportion of sexual minorities in the general population depends on the age of respondents. People born after 1997 identify more as a sexual minority than those born before 1948, with an increase in bisexual identity. Sexual orientation conceptualization could include sexual fluidity and gender expression along with sexual identity, sexual behaviour, romantic attraction and sexual attraction. Sexual minorities are more likely to present depressive and anxiety symptoms and disorders, eating disorders such as anorexia, bulimia and binge eating, and post-traumatic stress disorders. Bisexuals and asexuals are particularly affected. Other minority statuses are also factors to be taken into account. The minority stressors model explains these differences by the pressure of the stigmatising environment and the individual resources available. The closet model approaches them from a developmental point of view. This model, built around coming out, articulates the effect of a stigmatising environment prior to awareness of sexual orientation, awareness which can lead to concealment, and revelation and affirmation of orientation. The interventions identified to directly reduce the psychopathological difficulties of sexual minorities focus on affirmation in the form of psychotherapy. Such therapy aimed the valorisati
{"title":"Santé mentale des minorités sexuelles : disparités, modèles et interventions","authors":"Audric Joël Farrié","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The term sexual minorities refers to an aggregation of various minority groups defined on the basis of sexual orientation, the main ones being lesbians, gays, bisexuals and asexuals. In the field of psychology, there is little research into sexual minorities. Moreover, they are mainly conducted in Anglo-Saxon countries. The limited amount of research on the subject in France is the result of a principle of equality implicit in the scientific community, according to which minority specificities must be erased in favour of an overall perspective that is intended to be non-stigmatising. However, the erasure of these specificities makes the specific needs of sexual minorities invisible and contributes to a gap in the effectiveness of the care offered compared to the sexual majority. The aim of this article, from a psychopathological perspective, is to examine the link between mental health and sexual minorities and to analyse the various interventions tailored to sexual minorities that can reduce psychopathological difficulties. If psychotherapists were to take these specific characteristics into account, they would be able to provide better care for this population and consequently reduce the risk of mental disorders developing or persisting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The literature review was carried out on the EBSCOHOST and CAIRN databases using the following keywords “sexual minorities OR LGBT+ OR homosexuality OR bisexuality OR asexual”; “mental health OR mental disorders OR psychiatric disorders OR depression OR anxiety OR PTSD OR well-being OR social well-being”.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The proportion of sexual minorities in the general population depends on the age of respondents. People born after 1997 identify more as a sexual minority than those born before 1948, with an increase in bisexual identity. Sexual orientation conceptualization could include sexual fluidity and gender expression along with sexual identity, sexual behaviour, romantic attraction and sexual attraction. Sexual minorities are more likely to present depressive and anxiety symptoms and disorders, eating disorders such as anorexia, bulimia and binge eating, and post-traumatic stress disorders. Bisexuals and asexuals are particularly affected. Other minority statuses are also factors to be taken into account. The minority stressors model explains these differences by the pressure of the stigmatising environment and the individual resources available. The closet model approaches them from a developmental point of view. This model, built around coming out, articulates the effect of a stigmatising environment prior to awareness of sexual orientation, awareness which can lead to concealment, and revelation and affirmation of orientation. The interventions identified to directly reduce the psychopathological difficulties of sexual minorities focus on affirmation in the form of psychotherapy. Such therapy aimed the valorisati","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"183 5","pages":"Pages 509-518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2024.01.021
Caroline Benouamer , Emilie Telle , Luca A. Tiberi , Thierry H. Pham
Forensic literature has witnessed a plethora of risk assessment tools, emphasizing on factors increasing recidivism risk. Thus, assessment and care practices of individuals who have offended have gradually evolved when professionals no longer ask what doesn’t work (Nothing works) but what does work (What works) with them. From this positivist forensic psychology perspective, the inclusion of so-called positive factors such as protective or desistance factors is an important issue. A strengths-based approach to risk assessment encourages a more balanced assessment by involving factors mediating, moderating, or even canceling out this risk, specifically protective factors. Despite a strong interest in them, there are many conceptual shortcomings that hinder their use. The existence of these factors is still assumed. While the importance of their integration in assessment is established, their lack of validity hinders it. Hence, the Structured Assessment of PROtective Factors (SAPROF) has been developed to measure exclusively protective factors. The SAPROF assesses internal factors (e.g., intelligence, secure attachment, etc.), motivational factors (e.g., work, leisure activities, etc.), and external factors (e.g., social network, intimate relationship, etc.). An additional version for Individual who have Committed Sexual Offenses (ICSO) has also been developed. The first study consists of a systematized literature review comprising six studies focusing on protective factors identified among ICSOs and the validity of their operational assessment using SAPROF. Main results suggest a poor prediction of the SAPROF. A section of narrative literature focuses on desistance. Desistance paradigm suggests that professionals would be better equipped to deal with individuals who have committed offenses if they were also allowed to guide them and listen to what they think is best for them, rather than insisting that our solutions are best. The principle of What works is therefore complemented by the Why works and How works approaches to rehabilitation by putting offenders back at the heart of the process. As a universal and complex process, desistance involves changes in identity related to exiting the criminal pathway. Therefore, it is a highly individualised and subjective process, whom definitional and operational modalities are still unclear. As with protective factors, narrative literature identifies external and internal factors that might influence the reintegration process. While some desistance factors seem to be common to protective factors such as employment, quality of relationships, or treatment, some non-operational factors are highlighted as narrative discourses or knifing off concept. The second study investigates desistance factors identified through discourses of six male ICSOs on probation or conditional release based on iterative thematic content analysis. Main
{"title":"Facteurs de protection et facteurs de désistance chez les Auteurs d’Infraction à Caractère Sexuel : articulation et clarification","authors":"Caroline Benouamer , Emilie Telle , Luca A. Tiberi , Thierry H. Pham","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.01.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.01.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forensic literature has witnessed a plethora of risk assessment tools, emphasizing on factors increasing recidivism risk. Thus, assessment and care practices of individuals who have offended have gradually evolved when professionals no longer ask what doesn’t work (<em>Nothing works</em>) but what does work (<em>What works</em>) with them. From this positivist forensic psychology perspective, the inclusion of so-called <em>positive</em> factors such as protective or desistance factors is an important issue. A strengths-based approach to risk assessment encourages a more balanced assessment by involving factors mediating, moderating, or even canceling out this risk, specifically protective factors. Despite a strong interest in them, there are many conceptual shortcomings that hinder their use. The existence of these factors is still assumed. While the importance of their integration in assessment is established, their lack of validity hinders it. Hence, the <em>Structured Assessment of PROtective Factors</em> (SAPROF) has been developed to measure exclusively protective factors. The SAPROF assesses internal factors (e.g., intelligence, secure attachment, etc.), motivational factors (e.g., work, leisure activities, etc.), and external factors (e.g., social network, intimate relationship, etc.). An additional version for Individual who have Committed Sexual Offenses (ICSO) has also been developed. The first study consists of a systematized literature review comprising six studies focusing on protective factors identified among ICSOs and the validity of their operational assessment using SAPROF. Main results suggest a poor prediction of the SAPROF. A section of narrative literature focuses on desistance. Desistance paradigm suggests that professionals would be better equipped to deal with individuals who have committed offenses if they were also allowed to guide them and listen to what they think is best for them, rather than insisting that our solutions are best. The principle of <em>What works</em> is therefore complemented by the <em>Why works</em> and <em>How works</em> approaches to rehabilitation by putting offenders back at the heart of the process. As a universal and complex process, desistance involves changes in identity related to exiting the criminal pathway. Therefore, it is a highly individualised and subjective process, whom definitional and operational modalities are still unclear. As with protective factors, narrative literature identifies external and internal factors that might influence the reintegration process. While some desistance factors seem to be common to protective factors such as employment, quality of relationships, or treatment, some non-operational factors are highlighted as narrative discourses or <em>knifing off</em> concept. The second study investigates desistance factors identified through discourses of six male ICSOs on probation or conditional release based on iterative thematic content analysis. Main","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"183 5","pages":"Pages 492-501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The sexuality of elderly people is often surrounded by negative perceptions and prejudices, even among professionals. For children and friends, it can be associated with lechery and an adolescent crisis. When it involves two adults in a home for the dependent elderly, sexual behavior may be controlled or even restricted. However, sexual desire persists despite aging and associated bodily changes. Based on sociological and psychodynamic literature on love and sexuality, this study explores the subjective experiences of widowed elderly people living in nursing homes. Sociologists stress the high expectations towards the couple and the partner as a means of personal fulfillment for all adults. Sexuality is an essential component of the couple, and disturbances in one's love life can manifest themselves in various ways, reflecting individual approaches to love and sexuality. The renunciation of sexuality often leads to the breakup of the couple, and the romantic bond can weaken if the sexual relationship becomes cold and distant. Psychodynamic readings also focus on the experience of mourning. When a deeply invested partner dies, a balance is broken, requiring a painful adjustment process known as mourning. Many elderly people experience social relegation and severe isolation, which is exacerbated when the spouse dies. Some bereaved individuals may engage in new libidinal bonds, while others avoid such romantic interactions, with the deceased spouse occupying all their psychological sphere. Re-engagement in life and the world through projects and activities can accelerate the mourning process.
Objective
This qualitative study aims to understand the subjective experiences of love and sexuality in widowed elderly people and to identify possible connections between these two modalities. This understanding can lead to reflections on the specific support for the elderly, the complex psychology of the aging subject, and potential training needs for caregivers.
Method
This clinical study is based on a qualitative approach. Two interviews, the first non-directive and the second semi-directive, were conducted with nursing home residents. All participants were volunteers selected after a pre-selection based on known data from a residential establishment for dependent elderly people (widowhood, absence of neurodegenerative pathology). They scored above the 5th percentile on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) of the reference sample (age and sociocultural level), allowing them to understand the various questions of the two interviews. We analyzed both the subjective experiences of the subjects and the way they narrated their stories. Indeed, discourse and discursive strategies bear the trace of psychological functions (such as repression, denial and avoidance).
Results/Discussion
During our interviews, we observed a slight reluctance on the part
{"title":"Quelles représentations de l’amour et de la sexualité chez des sujets en EHPAD malgré le veuvage ? Étude clinique exploratoire","authors":"Anne-Valérie Mazoyer , Pauline Thulliez , Christine-Vanessa Cuervo-Lombard","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2025.02.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2025.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>The sexuality of elderly people is often surrounded by negative perceptions and prejudices, even among professionals. For children and friends, it can be associated with lechery and an adolescent crisis. When it involves two adults in a home for the dependent elderly, sexual behavior may be controlled or even restricted. However, sexual desire persists despite aging and associated bodily changes. Based on sociological and psychodynamic literature on love and sexuality, this study explores the subjective experiences of widowed elderly people living in nursing homes. Sociologists stress the high expectations towards the couple and the partner as a means of personal fulfillment for all adults. Sexuality is an essential component of the couple, and disturbances in one's love life can manifest themselves in various ways, reflecting individual approaches to love and sexuality. The renunciation of sexuality often leads to the breakup of the couple, and the romantic bond can weaken if the sexual relationship becomes cold and distant. Psychodynamic readings also focus on the experience of mourning. When a deeply invested partner dies, a balance is broken, requiring a painful adjustment process known as mourning. Many elderly people experience social relegation and severe isolation, which is exacerbated when the spouse dies. Some bereaved individuals may engage in new libidinal bonds, while others avoid such romantic interactions, with the deceased spouse occupying all their psychological sphere. Re-engagement in life and the world through projects and activities can accelerate the mourning process.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This qualitative study aims to understand the subjective experiences of love and sexuality in widowed elderly people and to identify possible connections between these two modalities. This understanding can lead to reflections on the specific support for the elderly, the complex psychology of the aging subject, and potential training needs for caregivers.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This clinical study is based on a qualitative approach. Two interviews, the first non-directive and the second semi-directive, were conducted with nursing home residents. All participants were volunteers selected after a pre-selection based on known data from a residential establishment for dependent elderly people (widowhood, absence of neurodegenerative pathology). They scored above the 5th percentile on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) of the reference sample (age and sociocultural level), allowing them to understand the various questions of the two interviews. We analyzed both the subjective experiences of the subjects and the way they narrated their stories. Indeed, discourse and discursive strategies bear the trace of psychological functions (such as repression, denial and avoidance).</div></div><div><h3>Results/Discussion</h3><div>During our interviews, we observed a slight reluctance on the part","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"183 5","pages":"Pages 526-531"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2023.03.015
Emmanuelle Dufait , Nadine Demogeot
<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this review is to define the feeling of loneliness within a couple while taking into consideration the factors that lead a person to feel lonely in a couple or in a romantic relationship. Our goal is to understand the effects of the feeling of loneliness on these individuals during the global health crisis brought on by COVID-19 and to take these factors into account in designing effective therapeutic care. The different manifestations of loneliness in a couple should also be highlighted.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used the PRISMA methodology to select the relevant studies. The keywords (“Solitude” or “Loneliness”) and (“Couple” or “Married” or “Partnership”) allowed us to select 19 references dealing with the theme. We conducted searches of the following databases: “Cairn”, “PsychInfo and Psycarticle”, “PubMed and Medline”, “ScienceDirect” and finally, “Web of Science” in order to find articles covering a ten-year period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There are different definitions for the subjective experience of loneliness. The review of the literature highlights the fact that loneliness can lead to positive or negative psychological consequences (it can lead to the development of creative capacity or, on the contrary, result in depression in some cases). Attachment patterns have been shown to be the basis for the tolerance of feelings of loneliness. Indeed, an anxious attachment would encourage the couple to avoid the feeling of loneliness. According to the literature, this defensive mechanism of seeking presence in the couple would make it possible to limit the impact of loneliness. This solitude depends on the level of relational quality within the couple. A poor relational quality would lead to greater loneliness and would impact intimate relationships. Loneliness is supposedly not experienced in the same way by men and women: Men seem to be more protected by marriage while women's level of loneliness may be higher because of the household chores they have to do. Men and women would nevertheless remain subject to the phenomena of contamination, i.e., when one of the partners feels lonely, the other will also be lonely. However, it seems that marriage protects against feelings of loneliness and its negative consequences. Loneliness does not have only negative effects. It can be beneficial for developing creativity and finding oneself. The periods of confinement during the COVID-19 crisis provided people with an increase in the amount of time they didn’t normally have on a daily basis. This may have been beneficial for some people and can be associated with positive emotions. Individuals who spent the lockdowns with others felt less alone and experienced less psychological distress. However, confinements did produce some negative effects on couples. The increased stress of the pandemic and the constant proximity led to an increase in spousal abuse. The consequences of confinemen
目的本综述的目的是定义一对夫妇的孤独感，同时考虑到导致一个人在一对夫妇或恋爱关系中感到孤独的因素。我们的目标是了解在2019冠状病毒病带来的全球健康危机期间，孤独感对这些人的影响，并在设计有效的治疗护理时考虑这些因素。夫妻之间不同的孤独表现也应该被强调。方法采用PRISMA方法筛选相关研究。关键词（“孤独”或“孤独”）和（“夫妻”或“已婚”或“伙伴关系”）允许我们选择19个与主题相关的参考文献。我们对以下数据库进行了搜索：“Cairn”、“PsychInfo and Psycarticle”、“PubMed and Medline”、“ScienceDirect”，最后是“Web of Science”，以找到涵盖十年的文章。结果对孤独的主观体验有不同的定义。对文献的回顾强调了这样一个事实，即孤独可以导致积极或消极的心理后果（它可以导致创造性能力的发展，或者相反，在某些情况下导致抑郁）。依恋模式已被证明是容忍孤独感的基础。事实上，焦虑的依恋会鼓励夫妻避免孤独感。根据文献，这种在夫妻中寻求存在感的防御机制可能会限制孤独的影响。这种独处取决于夫妻之间的关系质量。关系质量差会导致更大的孤独感，并会影响亲密关系。据推测，男性和女性经历孤独的方式是不同的：男性似乎更受婚姻的保护，而女性的孤独程度可能更高，因为她们必须做家务。然而，男人和女人仍然会受到污染现象的影响，即当一方感到孤独时，另一方也会感到孤独。然而，婚姻似乎可以防止孤独感及其负面影响。孤独并不只有负面影响。这对发展创造力和发现自我是有益的。在2019冠状病毒病危机期间，人们被隔离的时间增加了，这是他们平时每天没有的时间。这对一些人来说可能是有益的，可以与积极的情绪联系在一起。与他人一起度过封锁的人感到不那么孤独，经历的心理痛苦也更少。然而，分娩确实对夫妻产生了一些负面影响。大流行病造成的压力增加，再加上不断靠近，导致虐待配偶的情况增加。对那些关系已经出现问题的夫妇来说，禁闭的后果是经常分居和/或离婚。潜在的冲突与有限的财政资源、不工作以及感染SARS COV-2的重大风险有关。结论我们回顾的关于孤独感的文章采用了定量的方法，而不利于定性的方面，并且主要集中在孤独感的消极方面。其他学科，如社会学，表明缺乏对孤独感的危险的理解。这些文章相互交叉，并倾向于强调童年时期形成的依恋关系，这是后来生活中孤独感的决定性因素。关系的质量、性别和婚姻状况也是需要考虑的因素。孤独对人际关系的健康有明显的影响，但它并不是人际关系本身的个体特征。它最终表现为一种个人特征，影响对关系质量的评估和对配偶的欣赏。
{"title":"Le sentiment de solitude dans le couple et l’impact de la crise sanitaire : une revue de la littérature","authors":"Emmanuelle Dufait , Nadine Demogeot","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2023.03.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2023.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this review is to define the feeling of loneliness within a couple while taking into consideration the factors that lead a person to feel lonely in a couple or in a romantic relationship. Our goal is to understand the effects of the feeling of loneliness on these individuals during the global health crisis brought on by COVID-19 and to take these factors into account in designing effective therapeutic care. The different manifestations of loneliness in a couple should also be highlighted.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used the PRISMA methodology to select the relevant studies. The keywords (“Solitude” or “Loneliness”) and (“Couple” or “Married” or “Partnership”) allowed us to select 19 references dealing with the theme. We conducted searches of the following databases: “Cairn”, “PsychInfo and Psycarticle”, “PubMed and Medline”, “ScienceDirect” and finally, “Web of Science” in order to find articles covering a ten-year period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There are different definitions for the subjective experience of loneliness. The review of the literature highlights the fact that loneliness can lead to positive or negative psychological consequences (it can lead to the development of creative capacity or, on the contrary, result in depression in some cases). Attachment patterns have been shown to be the basis for the tolerance of feelings of loneliness. Indeed, an anxious attachment would encourage the couple to avoid the feeling of loneliness. According to the literature, this defensive mechanism of seeking presence in the couple would make it possible to limit the impact of loneliness. This solitude depends on the level of relational quality within the couple. A poor relational quality would lead to greater loneliness and would impact intimate relationships. Loneliness is supposedly not experienced in the same way by men and women: Men seem to be more protected by marriage while women's level of loneliness may be higher because of the household chores they have to do. Men and women would nevertheless remain subject to the phenomena of contamination, i.e., when one of the partners feels lonely, the other will also be lonely. However, it seems that marriage protects against feelings of loneliness and its negative consequences. Loneliness does not have only negative effects. It can be beneficial for developing creativity and finding oneself. The periods of confinement during the COVID-19 crisis provided people with an increase in the amount of time they didn’t normally have on a daily basis. This may have been beneficial for some people and can be associated with positive emotions. Individuals who spent the lockdowns with others felt less alone and experienced less psychological distress. However, confinements did produce some negative effects on couples. The increased stress of the pandemic and the constant proximity led to an increase in spousal abuse. The consequences of confinemen","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"183 5","pages":"Pages 481-486"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91079940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2025.03.014
{"title":"Vœu de la Société Médico-Psychologique","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2025.03.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2025.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"183 5","pages":"Pages 471-472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This exploratory study compares the distinctive characteristics of individuals who have consumed child pornography and those who have committed rape. The sample consists of 212 men who have reached the age of majority and have been convicted of a sexual offence. All were followed up in 2022 for therapeutic guidance by the Centre d’Appui Bruxellois. Of these 212 men, 48 had been convicted of child pornography consuming and 100 of rape. Socio-demographic, criminological, victimological and psycho-diagnostic data for all participants were extracted from the court files. This comparison offers crucial perspectives for the development of prevention strategies and therapeutic guidance specific to these sub-groups of sexual offenders.
{"title":"Effet du genre des victimes parmi les consommateurs de pédopornographie et les auteurs de viol : étude exploratoire et résultats préliminaires","authors":"Caroline Benouamer , Bastien Libert , Michèle Janssens , Thierry H. Pham","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.01.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2024.01.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This exploratory study compares the distinctive characteristics of individuals who have consumed child pornography and those who have committed rape. The sample consists of 212 men who have reached the age of majority and have been convicted of a sexual offence. All were followed up in 2022 for therapeutic guidance by the Centre d’Appui Bruxellois. Of these 212 men, 48 had been convicted of child pornography consuming and 100 of rape. Socio-demographic, criminological, victimological and psycho-diagnostic data for all participants were extracted from the court files. This comparison offers crucial perspectives for the development of prevention strategies and therapeutic guidance specific to these sub-groups of sexual offenders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"183 5","pages":"Pages 487-491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2025.03.013
Josué Masson , Karine Mintoff , Émilie Philippe , Mélanie Hermand , Jean-Pierre Bouchard
Assize court jurors, as lay citizens in the judicial system, are exposed to intense stress due to their participation in criminal trials. Given this specific context, the Emergency Medical-Psychological Unit of the Marne (CUMP 51) has implemented an innovative support system aimed at preventing and addressing potential psychopathological reactions. This article describes the foundations, structure, and clinical evaluation of this three-component system: a preventive and psychoeducational intervention, immediate psychological support in the form of debriefing, and post-immediate follow-up for jurors presenting with persistent symptoms. Clinical observations confirm the psychological impact of the juror's role and highlight the relevance of such a support system, while also identifying areas for improvement.
In this interview with Jean-Pierre Bouchard, Josué Masson, Karine Mintoff, Émilie Philippe, and Mélanie Hermand discuss the development and implementation of the support psychological system for assize court jurors, its perception by jurors, and its future perspectives. They present the system, its benefits, limitations, and the challenges they have encountered throughout their experience.
{"title":"Dispositif de soutien psychologique aux jurés d’assises","authors":"Josué Masson , Karine Mintoff , Émilie Philippe , Mélanie Hermand , Jean-Pierre Bouchard","doi":"10.1016/j.amp.2025.03.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amp.2025.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Assize court jurors, as lay citizens in the judicial system, are exposed to intense stress due to their participation in criminal trials. Given this specific context, the Emergency Medical-Psychological Unit of the Marne (CUMP 51) has implemented an innovative support system aimed at preventing and addressing potential psychopathological reactions. This article describes the foundations, structure, and clinical evaluation of this three-component system: a preventive and psychoeducational intervention, immediate psychological support in the form of debriefing, and post-immediate follow-up for jurors presenting with persistent symptoms. Clinical observations confirm the psychological impact of the juror's role and highlight the relevance of such a support system, while also identifying areas for improvement.</div><div>In this interview with Jean-Pierre Bouchard, Josué Masson, Karine Mintoff, Émilie Philippe, and Mélanie Hermand discuss the development and implementation of the support psychological system for assize court jurors, its perception by jurors, and its future perspectives. They present the system, its benefits, limitations, and the challenges they have encountered throughout their experience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7992,"journal":{"name":"Annales medico-psychologiques","volume":"183 5","pages":"Pages 563-568"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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