Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.6648
A. Różańska, Joanna Szymczyk, Ludwika Kujawa, Karolina Balcerzak
Classics of Polish Design. Furniture Icons from the Polish People's Republic (PRL) presents a review of the best Polish furniture designs from the Polish People's Republic: the 1950s and 1960s. The paper continues the series devoted to the "Classical Polish Design", presenting the results of research on Polish post-war furniture and the icons of Polish design, carried out within the framework of dissertations in the Department of Wood Technology in the Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW). Some of the innovative furniture designs have been analysed in the hereby article. We present a chronologically organised review of designs that aspired to become breakthrough and timeless (design icons), with the author's background and the furniture's style, structure and materials.
{"title":"Classics of Polish Design. Furniture Icons from the Polish People's Republic (PRL)","authors":"A. Różańska, Joanna Szymczyk, Ludwika Kujawa, Karolina Balcerzak","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.6648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6648","url":null,"abstract":"Classics of Polish Design. Furniture Icons from the Polish People's Republic (PRL) presents a review of the best Polish furniture designs from the Polish People's Republic: the 1950s and 1960s. The paper continues the series devoted to the \"Classical Polish Design\", presenting the results of research on Polish post-war furniture and the icons of Polish design, carried out within the framework of dissertations in the Department of Wood Technology in the Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW). Some of the innovative furniture designs have been analysed in the hereby article. We present a chronologically organised review of designs that aspired to become breakthrough and timeless (design icons), with the author's background and the furniture's style, structure and materials.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":8020,"journal":{"name":"Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83464354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.6880
I. Betlej
Profile of enzymes in samples of bacterial cellulose film treated with Trametes versicolor and Coniophora puteana. The paper presents the results of research showing the profile of hydrolytic enzymes synthesized by fungi that cause decomposition of wood during growth on film samples made of bacterial cellulose. The performed analyzes allowed for the conclusion that the presence of cellulose in the culture medium stimulates the fungal cells to synthesize full groups of enzymes that are not produced on the agarmaltose medium. Among the synthesized enzymes, both species of fungi produced two enzymes: β - glucosidase and N-acetyl-β - glucuronidase with the highest observed activity.
{"title":"Enzyme profile in samples of bacterial cellulose film treated with Trametes\u0000versicolor and Coniophora puteana","authors":"I. Betlej","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.6880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6880","url":null,"abstract":"Profile of enzymes in samples of bacterial cellulose film treated with Trametes versicolor and \u0000Coniophora puteana. The paper presents the results of research showing the profile of hydrolytic enzymes \u0000synthesized by fungi that cause decomposition of wood during growth on film samples made of bacterial \u0000cellulose. The performed analyzes allowed for the conclusion that the presence of cellulose in the culture \u0000medium stimulates the fungal cells to synthesize full groups of enzymes that are not produced on the agarmaltose medium. Among the synthesized enzymes, both species of fungi produced two enzymes: β - glucosidase \u0000and N-acetyl-β - glucuronidase with the highest observed activity.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":8020,"journal":{"name":"Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87504590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.6707
E. Dobrowolska, Andrzej Klimczak
Temperature distribution in beech wood during vacuum drying. The temperature distribution and changes in humidity in beech wood in the form of friezes during drying in a vacuum were analysed. The intensity of the occurring phenomena of desorption and the volumetric flow of moisture through the anatomical structures of the wood, depending on the absolute pressure and the temperature of the process, was determined. It was found that the fastest temperature increase took place in the subsurface layers directly adjacent to the heating plates. The introduction of conditioning between the drying phases made it possible to even out the humidity and temperature distribution in the entire element. On the basis of the analysis of changes taking place between the volumes of the three components of wood, it was found that the volume of moisture in the form of vapor removed in the initial phase of drying is over 20 times greater than the volume of voids in wood structures, and in the following phases it decreases to 0.27. The average volume of vapour removed from 1 m3 of wood at the temperature of 55℃ is 13.9 m3/h, decreasing in the following phases to 9.1 m3/h at the drying temperature of 60℃ and then 3.1 m3/h at the temperature of 65℃. The drying rates for these phases reach the value of 0.15%/h, 0.17%/h and 0.075%/h, respectively. Direct measurements of wood moisture, made during the experimental course of the drying process at an absolute pressure of 150 hPa, follow the equivalent moisture, determined on the basis of the Hailwood-Horrobin model, taking into account the appropriate calculation factors.
{"title":"Temperature distribution in beech wood during vacuum drying","authors":"E. Dobrowolska, Andrzej Klimczak","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.6707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6707","url":null,"abstract":"Temperature distribution in beech wood during vacuum drying. The temperature distribution and changes in humidity in beech wood in the form of friezes during drying in a vacuum were analysed. The intensity of the occurring phenomena of desorption and the volumetric flow of moisture through the anatomical structures of the wood, depending on the absolute pressure and the temperature of the process, was determined. It was found that the fastest temperature increase took place in the subsurface layers directly adjacent to the heating plates. The introduction of conditioning between the drying phases made it possible to even out the humidity and temperature distribution in the entire element. On the basis of the analysis of changes taking place between the volumes of the three components of wood, it was found that the volume of moisture in the form of vapor removed in the initial phase of drying is over 20 times greater than the volume of voids in wood structures, and in the following phases it decreases to 0.27. The average volume of vapour removed from 1 m3 of wood at the temperature of 55℃ is 13.9 m3/h, decreasing in the following phases to 9.1 m3/h at the drying temperature of 60℃ and then 3.1 m3/h at the temperature of 65℃. The drying rates for these phases reach the value of 0.15%/h, 0.17%/h and 0.075%/h, respectively. Direct measurements of wood moisture, made during the experimental course of the drying process at an absolute pressure of 150 hPa, follow the equivalent moisture, determined on the basis of the Hailwood-Horrobin model, taking into account the appropriate calculation factors.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":8020,"journal":{"name":"Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76199719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.6649
Aneta Gumowska, G. Kowaluk
The quality of the wood bonding depending on the method of applying the selected thermoplastic biopolymers. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of the method of applying the biopolymer on the surface of bonding solid wood elements on the quality of the obtained adhesive connection. The results of conducted mechanical research show that the highest average value of shear strength was observed for birch lamellas bonded with PLA, both with the first and second method of application. In case of estimating the quality of the bonding of wooden elements, better results were achieved for PLA and the second method of application the "green" adhesive.
{"title":"The quality of the wood bonding depending on the method of applying the selected thermoplastic biopolymers","authors":"Aneta Gumowska, G. Kowaluk","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.6649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6649","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of the wood bonding depending on the method of applying the selected thermoplastic biopolymers. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of the method of applying the biopolymer on the surface of bonding solid wood elements on the quality of the obtained adhesive connection. The results of conducted mechanical research show that the highest average value of shear strength was observed for birch lamellas bonded with PLA, both with the first and second method of application. In case of estimating the quality of the bonding of wooden elements, better results were achieved for PLA and the second method of application the \"green\" adhesive.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":8020,"journal":{"name":"Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76487483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.6650
Szymon korpa, M. Niedbała
RFID technology is being widely used in most areas that are supported by ERP systems. With the help of RFID tags and readers placed at various locations throughout a furniture company, the presence of various objects in the factory can be monitored in real time. Readers receiving information from RFID tags can transmit it directly into the system and create databases or initiate business processes. The basic resources that can be tracked using RFID are human and machine resources as well as warehoused inventories, spare parts, tools, semi-finished and finished products. The only condition that must be met by the tracked object is that it can be tagged. The furniture industry is continuously growing. With factories expanding to tens of thousands of square metres and employing thousands of workers, knowledge of who or what is where at any given time is very important for optimising plant operations. Being able to gain this knowledge in real time is very useful and saves a lot of resources over the long term. Monitoring of resources in an ERP system using RFID technology is very popular nowadays. The improvement of the implemented solution leads to an ever increasing degree of control. However, it is important to maintain it at an optimal level, because otherwise it may unnecessarily disturb employees in their daily duties or generate more work for them without returning a measurable benefit.
{"title":"ERP Systems Enhanced with RFID Technology in Furniture Industry","authors":"Szymon korpa, M. Niedbała","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.6650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6650","url":null,"abstract":"RFID technology is being widely used in most areas that are supported by ERP systems. With the help of RFID tags and readers placed at various locations throughout a furniture company, the presence of various objects in the factory can be monitored in real time. Readers receiving information from RFID tags can transmit it directly into the system and create databases or initiate business processes. The basic resources that can be tracked using RFID are human and machine resources as well as warehoused inventories, spare parts, tools, semi-finished and finished products. The only condition that must be met by the tracked object is that it can be tagged. The furniture industry is continuously growing. With factories expanding to tens of thousands of square metres and employing thousands of workers, knowledge of who or what is where at any given time is very important for optimising plant operations. Being able to gain this knowledge in real time is very useful and saves a lot of resources over the long term. Monitoring of resources in an ERP system using RFID technology is very popular nowadays. The improvement of the implemented solution leads to an ever increasing degree of control. However, it is important to maintain it at an optimal level, because otherwise it may unnecessarily disturb employees in their daily duties or generate more work for them without returning a measurable benefit.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":8020,"journal":{"name":"Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84776987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.6689
G. Kowaluk, Aleksandra Jeżo
Compression strength-focused properties of wood composites induced by density. The aim of this study was to analyse the contractual compression strength and modulus of elasticity under compression of ten commercially available wood composites of various thickness, density, structure and surface finish. Density and density profiles have also been performed. The tests showed that there is no significant dependence of the compression strength and MOEC on the density of composites.
{"title":"Compression strength-focused properties of wood composites induced by density","authors":"G. Kowaluk, Aleksandra Jeżo","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.6689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6689","url":null,"abstract":"Compression strength-focused properties of wood composites induced by density. The aim of this study was to analyse the contractual compression strength and modulus of elasticity under compression of ten commercially available wood composites of various thickness, density, structure and surface finish. Density and density profiles have also been performed. The tests showed that there is no significant dependence of the compression strength and MOEC on the density of composites.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":8020,"journal":{"name":"Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology","volume":"207 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80451548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.6897
J. Biernacka, S. Oleńska
The review of the financial strategies of Polish pulp and paper companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the financial strategy undertaken by the polish pulp and paper companies listed on Warsaw Stock Exchange in 2018 - 2020. In this paper three most frequently used indicators characterising company’s financing strategy were analysed, namely: equity capital share in total capital, equity capital share in fixed assets and long-term debt share in total debt. The calculations used data from publicly available quarterly financial statements of the analysed enterprises for the period from 1st quarter of 2018 to 3rd quarter of 2020. The calculations showed that Kompap has a more moderate policy of financing its activity. The second company, Arctic Paper, was characterized by a more risky approach to the financing strategy.
{"title":"The review of the financial strategies of Polish pulp and paper companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange","authors":"J. Biernacka, S. Oleńska","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.6897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6897","url":null,"abstract":"The review of the financial strategies of Polish pulp and paper companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the financial strategy undertaken by the polish pulp and paper companies listed on Warsaw Stock Exchange in 2018 - 2020. In this paper three most frequently used indicators characterising company’s financing strategy were analysed, namely: equity capital share in total capital, equity capital share in fixed assets and long-term debt share in total debt. The calculations used data from publicly available quarterly financial statements of the analysed enterprises for the period from 1st quarter of 2018 to 3rd quarter of 2020. The calculations showed that Kompap has a more moderate policy of financing its activity. The second company, Arctic Paper, was characterized by a more risky approach to the financing strategy.","PeriodicalId":8020,"journal":{"name":"Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83145159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.6639
J. Gawron, M. Marchwicka
Color changes of ash wood (Fraxinus excelsior L.) caused by thermal modification in air and steam. Ash wood samples of 20x20x30 mm were subjected to thermal modification in different conditions. The thermal modification was conducted in air at 190 °C and in steam at 160 °C. For both environments modification lasted 2, 6 and 10 hours. Samples color parameters were measured before and after thermal modification on the basis of the mathematical CIELab color space model. Changes in all parameters (L, a and b) were observed, the highest in lightness (L) - darker color. The total color difference (ΔE) and chromaticity change (ΔC) were calculated for all samples. The highest value of ΔE was obtained for wood modified in the air at 190 °C for 10 h. The highest value of ΔC was obtained for wood modified in steam at 160 °C for 10 h. However, the value obtained for wood modified in the air at 190 °C for 10 h were only slightly lower.
{"title":"Color changes of ash wood (Fraxinus excelsior L.) caused by thermal modification in air and steam","authors":"J. Gawron, M. Marchwicka","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.6639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6639","url":null,"abstract":"Color changes of ash wood (Fraxinus excelsior L.) caused by thermal modification in air and steam. Ash wood samples of 20x20x30 mm were subjected to thermal modification in different conditions. The thermal modification was conducted in air at 190 °C and in steam at 160 °C. For both environments modification lasted 2, 6 and 10 hours. Samples color parameters were measured before and after thermal modification on the basis of the mathematical CIELab color space model. Changes in all parameters (L, a and b) were observed, the highest in lightness (L) - darker color. The total color difference (ΔE) and chromaticity change (ΔC) were calculated for all samples. The highest value of ΔE was obtained for wood modified in the air at 190 °C for 10 h. The highest value of ΔC was obtained for wood modified in steam at 160 °C for 10 h. However, the value obtained for wood modified in the air at 190 °C for 10 h were only slightly lower.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":8020,"journal":{"name":"Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87635931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.6644
E. Grzegorzewska
The availability of organizational resources and the degree of internationalization of furniture companies - the empirical research findings. The article presents the results of empirical research carried out in 100 medium and large furniture companies. The availability of organizational resources was assessed in the group of furniture manufacturers using the Likert scale. The respondents indicated that the highest availability, taking into account the average score for all surveyed companies, was obtained in the case of financial and material resources. It should be emphasized, however, that the remaining categories of resources were also characterized by a relatively high level of availability. The differences were noticed in the groups of enterprises considering the degree of internationalization. The highest availability of all resources was indicated by respondents from companies operating mainly in foreign markets. Moreover, the relationship between the level of availability of organizational resources and the degree of internationalization of the surveyed enterprises was checked. For this purpose, the Spearman's rho correlation coefficient was used. Such a relationship was confirmed in the case of human resources and information resources. The research shows that higher availability of the indicated resources occurs in enterprises showing a greater degree of involvement in foreign activities.
{"title":"The availability of organizational resources and the degree of internationalization of furniture companies - the empirical research findings","authors":"E. Grzegorzewska","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.6644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6644","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of organizational resources and the degree of internationalization of furniture companies - the empirical research findings. The article presents the results of empirical research carried out in 100 medium and large furniture companies. The availability of organizational resources was assessed in the group of furniture manufacturers using the Likert scale. The respondents indicated that the highest availability, taking into account the average score for all surveyed companies, was obtained in the case of financial and material resources. It should be emphasized, however, that the remaining categories of resources were also characterized by a relatively high level of availability. The differences were noticed in the groups of enterprises considering the degree of internationalization. The highest availability of all resources was indicated by respondents from companies operating mainly in foreign markets. Moreover, the relationship between the level of availability of organizational resources and the degree of internationalization of the surveyed enterprises was checked. For this purpose, the Spearman's rho correlation coefficient was used. Such a relationship was confirmed in the case of human resources and information resources. The research shows that higher availability of the indicated resources occurs in enterprises showing a greater degree of involvement in foreign activities.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":8020,"journal":{"name":"Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78298520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.6878
M. Niedbała
The effect of the use of a soil improver based on waste brown coal on the enzymatic activity of soil in the cultivation of Paulownia hybrids (Paulownia Siebold & Zuccarini, 1835). An important element in controlling the condition of the soil and the plants grown on it are tests of the enzymatic activity of the soil matrix. One of the greatest advantages of using enzyme tests is the ability to make an assessment that also includes other non-measurable factors that affect soil health and condition. The diagnosed changes in soil enzymatic activity are the best parameter for determining the biochemical processes taking place there. This article describes the enzymatic activity of lessive soils on which the Paulownia hybrid variety is cultivated and a soil improver based on waste brown coal is used
{"title":"The effect of the use of a soil improver based on waste brown coal on the \u0000enzymatic activity of soil in the cultivation of Paulownia hybrids (Paulownia\u0000Siebold & Zuccarini, 1835)","authors":"M. Niedbała","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0015.6878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6878","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of the use of a soil improver based on waste brown coal on the enzymatic activity of soil in the cultivation of Paulownia hybrids (Paulownia Siebold & Zuccarini, 1835). An important element in controlling the condition of the soil and the plants grown on it are tests of the enzymatic activity of the soil matrix. One of the greatest advantages of using enzyme tests is the ability to make an assessment that also includes other non-measurable factors that affect soil health and condition. The diagnosed changes in soil enzymatic activity are the best parameter for determining the biochemical processes taking place there. This article describes the enzymatic activity of lessive soils on which the Paulownia hybrid variety is cultivated and a soil improver based on waste brown coal is used\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":8020,"journal":{"name":"Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78961971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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