Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102344
Suman Bhattacharya, Pierre-Andre Cazade, Krishna Hari, Tara Ryan, Lynette Keeney, Charlie O'Mahony, Sarah Guerin
Biomolecular piezoelectrics, such as amino acids and peptides, exhibit significant shear piezoelectric responses in single crystal form. However, naturally occurring longitudinal piezoelectricity is rare and, when present, is dampened due to the multi-directional self-assembly in polycrystalline device layers. Here we utilise cocrystallisation to engineer a multicomponent crystalline salt hydrate of (+)Mandelic Acid and LLysine, (). This material exhibits a predicted single crystal longitudinal piezoelectric response of d = 3.5 pC/N. In polycrystalline form, grows as an assembly of plates which increases the measured longitudinal piezoelectricity to 11 pC/N in its macroscopic solid-state. This is due to contributions from the shear piezoelectric response d = 10.8 pC/N, originating from the presence of plates oriented at acute angles relative to the surface. The brittleness of the crystals ( = 37 GPa) is overcome by reinforcing the substrate-free piezoelectric disc with a thin polymer coating to prevent flaking. Structural analysis confirms that the triclinic structure of gives rise to this increased response due to the relative orientations of individual crystallites. Confined crystallisation of this multi-component form with a plate-like morphology, results in macroscopic self-assembly of an amino acid cocrystal that allows for the harvesting of higher shear piezoelectricity, but in a facile longitudinal configuration.
氨基酸和肽等生物分子压电体在单晶形式下表现出显著的剪切压电响应。然而，天然存在的纵向压电现象非常罕见，即使存在，也会因多晶器件层中的多向自组装而受到抑制。在这里，我们利用共晶技术，设计出了(+)扁桃酸和 LLysine 的多组分结晶盐水合物（）。这种材料显示出预测的单晶纵向压电响应 d = 3.5 pC/N。在多晶形态下，它生长为一个板组件，在其宏观固态下，测量到的纵向压电性增加到 11 pC/N。这是由于剪切压电响应 d = 10.8 pC/N 的贡献，而剪切压电响应是由于相对于表面成锐角的板的存在而产生的。晶体的脆性（= 37 GPa）可通过在无基底压电圆盘上加固一层薄聚合物涂层来克服，以防止剥落。结构分析证实，由于单个晶体的相对取向，三菱结构导致了响应的增加。这种具有板状形态的多组分限制结晶导致了氨基酸共晶的宏观自组装，从而可以获得更高的剪切压电性，但只能以简单的纵向配置获得。
{"title":"Harvesting of shear piezoelectricity in a molded multicomponent crystal disc","authors":"Suman Bhattacharya, Pierre-Andre Cazade, Krishna Hari, Tara Ryan, Lynette Keeney, Charlie O'Mahony, Sarah Guerin","doi":"10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102344","url":null,"abstract":"Biomolecular piezoelectrics, such as amino acids and peptides, exhibit significant shear piezoelectric responses in single crystal form. However, naturally occurring longitudinal piezoelectricity is rare and, when present, is dampened due to the multi-directional self-assembly in polycrystalline device layers. Here we utilise cocrystallisation to engineer a multicomponent crystalline salt hydrate of (+)Mandelic Acid and LLysine, (). This material exhibits a predicted single crystal longitudinal piezoelectric response of d = 3.5 pC/N. In polycrystalline form, grows as an assembly of plates which increases the measured longitudinal piezoelectricity to 11 pC/N in its macroscopic solid-state. This is due to contributions from the shear piezoelectric response d = 10.8 pC/N, originating from the presence of plates oriented at acute angles relative to the surface. The brittleness of the crystals ( = 37 GPa) is overcome by reinforcing the substrate-free piezoelectric disc with a thin polymer coating to prevent flaking. Structural analysis confirms that the triclinic structure of gives rise to this increased response due to the relative orientations of individual crystallites. Confined crystallisation of this multi-component form with a plate-like morphology, results in macroscopic self-assembly of an amino acid cocrystal that allows for the harvesting of higher shear piezoelectricity, but in a facile longitudinal configuration.","PeriodicalId":8066,"journal":{"name":"Applied Materials Today","volume":"192 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102343
Szymon Obrębowski, Kamila Ćwik, Shreyas Srivatsa, Tadeusz Uhl, Jacek Jagielski, Anna Wolska, Marcin Klepka, Zeinab Khosravizadeh, Rafał Jakieła, Małgorzata Trzyna-Sowa, Tomasz Wojciechowski, Nevill Gonzalez Szwacki, Wojciech Marynowski, Janusz Lewiński, Rafał Zybała, Michał A. Borysiewicz
Robust means of MXene functionalization are needed to industrialize the huge research interest that these materials see. Although there have been many reports on functionalized MXenes used for vapor sensing, most have focused on non-uniform additives such as nanoparticles, polymers, graphene etc. resulting in outstanding results, however achieved with techniques difficult to reproduce consistently. In this work a new approach to MXene functionalization for VOC sensing is proposed - implantation of screen printed MXene films with selected metal ions. This approach is highly reproducible and uniform on its own, but also yields no metallic phases in the films leading to classical doping. Using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy the processes taking place TiCT during implantation are explained. The ion distribution is modeled and measured using secondary ion mass spectrometry, as well as discuss the limitations of the technique. Finally, it is shown that by setting together an array of virgin and Ni, Cu and Pd-doped TiCT electrodes, it is possible to differentiate between 5 VOC and water in the operationally relevant range. This approach shows a blueprint for functionalization with other ions using implantation not only for sensing, but also for other MXene applications.
{"title":"Ion implanted MXene electrodes for selective VOC sensors","authors":"Szymon Obrębowski, Kamila Ćwik, Shreyas Srivatsa, Tadeusz Uhl, Jacek Jagielski, Anna Wolska, Marcin Klepka, Zeinab Khosravizadeh, Rafał Jakieła, Małgorzata Trzyna-Sowa, Tomasz Wojciechowski, Nevill Gonzalez Szwacki, Wojciech Marynowski, Janusz Lewiński, Rafał Zybała, Michał A. Borysiewicz","doi":"10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102343","url":null,"abstract":"Robust means of MXene functionalization are needed to industrialize the huge research interest that these materials see. Although there have been many reports on functionalized MXenes used for vapor sensing, most have focused on non-uniform additives such as nanoparticles, polymers, graphene etc. resulting in outstanding results, however achieved with techniques difficult to reproduce consistently. In this work a new approach to MXene functionalization for VOC sensing is proposed - implantation of screen printed MXene films with selected metal ions. This approach is highly reproducible and uniform on its own, but also yields no metallic phases in the films leading to classical doping. Using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy the processes taking place TiCT during implantation are explained. The ion distribution is modeled and measured using secondary ion mass spectrometry, as well as discuss the limitations of the technique. Finally, it is shown that by setting together an array of virgin and Ni, Cu and Pd-doped TiCT electrodes, it is possible to differentiate between 5 VOC and water in the operationally relevant range. This approach shows a blueprint for functionalization with other ions using implantation not only for sensing, but also for other MXene applications.","PeriodicalId":8066,"journal":{"name":"Applied Materials Today","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102347
Jiayi Geng, Yunzhu Shi, Pere Barriobero-Vila, Meiyuan Jiao, Yihuan Cao, Yu Tang, Jingzhi He, Chao Ma, Yan Ma, Zhifeng Lei, Zhaoping Lu
NiTi-based composites possess great potential for concurrently improving both mechanical and functional properties. However, relying on traditional alloy design principles limits the design space and greatly hinders the advancement of high-performance NiTi-based composites. The concept of high-entropy alloys has expanded the compositional landscape, unveiling unique structural characteristics for alloy design and providing new prospects for addressing these limitations. Here, we report a compositionally complex NiTi-based composite that exhibits exceptional strength and ductility, along with remarkable recoverable strain. The composite, NiTi(NbMoTaW) (at.%), comprises a 78.0 % B2 NiTi matrix, a 19.2 % Nb-Mo-Ta-W-Ti-Ni compositionally complex body-centered cubic (BCC) phase, and a small amount of TiNi. Notably, this composite demonstrates an engineering compressive strength of 3274 MPa, with a compressive fracture strain of 44.2 % and a maximum recoverable strain of 7.3 % (5.6 % elastic strain and 1.7 % inelastic recoverable strain). These outstanding mechanical properties result from the unique structural characteristics of the compositionally complex phase and the lattice strain matching induced by phase transitions. The substantial recoverable strain was obtained through the reversible B2⇌R⇌B19′ phase transition. This work not only innovates a new category of high-performance NiTi-based composites but also extends the applicability of the high-entropy concept.
{"title":"Ultrastrong and ductile NiTi-based composite with large recoverable strain mediated by a compositionally complex phase","authors":"Jiayi Geng, Yunzhu Shi, Pere Barriobero-Vila, Meiyuan Jiao, Yihuan Cao, Yu Tang, Jingzhi He, Chao Ma, Yan Ma, Zhifeng Lei, Zhaoping Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102347","url":null,"abstract":"NiTi-based composites possess great potential for concurrently improving both mechanical and functional properties. However, relying on traditional alloy design principles limits the design space and greatly hinders the advancement of high-performance NiTi-based composites. The concept of high-entropy alloys has expanded the compositional landscape, unveiling unique structural characteristics for alloy design and providing new prospects for addressing these limitations. Here, we report a compositionally complex NiTi-based composite that exhibits exceptional strength and ductility, along with remarkable recoverable strain. The composite, NiTi(NbMoTaW) (at.%), comprises a 78.0 % B2 NiTi matrix, a 19.2 % Nb-Mo-Ta-W-Ti-Ni compositionally complex body-centered cubic (BCC) phase, and a small amount of TiNi. Notably, this composite demonstrates an engineering compressive strength of 3274 MPa, with a compressive fracture strain of 44.2 % and a maximum recoverable strain of 7.3 % (5.6 % elastic strain and 1.7 % inelastic recoverable strain). These outstanding mechanical properties result from the unique structural characteristics of the compositionally complex phase and the lattice strain matching induced by phase transitions. The substantial recoverable strain was obtained through the reversible B2⇌R⇌B19′ phase transition. This work not only innovates a new category of high-performance NiTi-based composites but also extends the applicability of the high-entropy concept.","PeriodicalId":8066,"journal":{"name":"Applied Materials Today","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mesenchymal stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising approach for the treatment of myocardial infarction. However, the challenge of low cell survival and retention post injection, particularly under the high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress at the infarct site, has hindered their clinical application. Additionally, traditional drug delivery methods, such as intravenous injection, cannot meet the demand for long-term stem cell residence at the infarct site, which is another critical issue that impedes the therapeutic efficacy of stem cells. Herein, we synthesized indocyanine green-enriched Prussian blue nanozyme, called PB@PEI@ICG, which not only possessed remarkable ROS scavenging capability but also exhibited superior fluorescent tracer property. Subsequently, we engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with PB@PEI@ICG by co-culture and found that the introduction of the nanozyme significantly enhanced mitophagy by BNIP3 and PINK1 pathways, which in turn promoted ROS scavenging and protected MSCs from cell death induced by the harsh infarct microenvironment. Furthermore, we employed pericardial injection as an alternative delivery method to prolong the residence time of MSCs at the infarct site, enabling real-time tracking via the fluorescence property of the nanozymes. The results demonstrated that PB@PEI@ICG nanozyme could significantly improve the survival and retention of MSCs at the infarct site, thereby enhancing the therapeutic effect for myocardial infarction. In conclusion, this study presents a novel strategy for stem cell therapy in myocardial infarction by using mitophagy-enhancing nanozyme to scavenge ROS for enhancing the therapeutic potential of stem cells.
{"title":"Nanozyme-enhanced mitophagy to improve the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells in myocardial infarction therapy","authors":"Zeyi Sun, Tianxiao Mei, Yuanfeng Xin, Tianhao Tan, Muladili Mutailipu, Laihai Zhang, Tieyan Li, Hao Cao, Yihui Hu, Zhongmin Liu, Wenjun Le","doi":"10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102333","url":null,"abstract":"Mesenchymal stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising approach for the treatment of myocardial infarction. However, the challenge of low cell survival and retention post injection, particularly under the high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress at the infarct site, has hindered their clinical application. Additionally, traditional drug delivery methods, such as intravenous injection, cannot meet the demand for long-term stem cell residence at the infarct site, which is another critical issue that impedes the therapeutic efficacy of stem cells. Herein, we synthesized indocyanine green-enriched Prussian blue nanozyme, called PB@PEI@ICG, which not only possessed remarkable ROS scavenging capability but also exhibited superior fluorescent tracer property. Subsequently, we engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with PB@PEI@ICG by co-culture and found that the introduction of the nanozyme significantly enhanced mitophagy by BNIP3 and PINK1 pathways, which in turn promoted ROS scavenging and protected MSCs from cell death induced by the harsh infarct microenvironment. Furthermore, we employed pericardial injection as an alternative delivery method to prolong the residence time of MSCs at the infarct site, enabling real-time tracking via the fluorescence property of the nanozymes. The results demonstrated that PB@PEI@ICG nanozyme could significantly improve the survival and retention of MSCs at the infarct site, thereby enhancing the therapeutic effect for myocardial infarction. In conclusion, this study presents a novel strategy for stem cell therapy in myocardial infarction by using mitophagy-enhancing nanozyme to scavenge ROS for enhancing the therapeutic potential of stem cells.","PeriodicalId":8066,"journal":{"name":"Applied Materials Today","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102328
Shubham Purwar, Anumita Bose, Achintya Low, Satyendra Singh, R. Venkatesh, Awadhesh Narayan, Setti Thirupathaiah
Topological superconductors are an exciting class of quantum materials from the point of view of the fundamental sciences and potential technological applications. Here, we report on the successful introduction of superconductivity in a ferromagnetic layered skyrmion system CrTe, obtained by the Sn intercalation, below a transition temperature of 3.5 K. We observe several interesting physical properties, such as superconductivity, magnetism, and the topological Hall effect, simultaneously in this system. Despite the magnetism and Meissner effects being anisotropic, the superconductivity observed from the in-plane electrical resistivity () is nearly isotropic between and , suggesting separate channels of conduction electrons responsible for the superconductivity and magnetism of this system, which is also supported by our spin-resolved DFT calculations. We identify two orders of higher carrier density in superconducting SnCrTe than the parent CrTe. A jump in the specific heat is noticed around the with a volume fraction of 33%, confirming the bulk superconductivity in SnCrTe. In addition to the introduction of superconductivity, tuning of topological Hall properties is noticed with Sn intercalation. Our observation of superconductivity in a skyrmion lattice brings up a new class of topological quantum materials.
从基础科学和潜在技术应用的角度来看，拓扑超导体是一类令人兴奋的量子材料。在此，我们报告了在铁磁层状锡离子体系 CrTe 中成功引入超导性的情况，该体系是通过掺杂锡而获得的，过渡温度低于 3.5 K。我们在该体系中同时观察到了几种有趣的物理特性，如超导性、磁性和拓扑霍尔效应。尽管磁性和迈斯纳效应是各向异性的，但从平面内电阻率（）观察到的超导性在 和 之间几乎是各向同性的，这表明该系统的超导性和磁性是由不同的传导电子通道造成的，我们的自旋分辨 DFT 计算也支持这一点。我们发现超导 SnCrTe 中的载流子密度比母体 CrTe 高两个数量级。当体积分数达到 33% 时，比热会出现跃迁，这证实了 SnCrTe 的体超导性。除了引入超导性之外，我们还发现掺杂锡还能调整拓扑霍尔特性。我们在锡铂晶格中观察到的超导性带来了一类新的拓扑量子材料。
{"title":"Sn0.06Cr[formula omitted]Te[formula omitted]: A skyrmion superconductor","authors":"Shubham Purwar, Anumita Bose, Achintya Low, Satyendra Singh, R. Venkatesh, Awadhesh Narayan, Setti Thirupathaiah","doi":"10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102328","url":null,"abstract":"Topological superconductors are an exciting class of quantum materials from the point of view of the fundamental sciences and potential technological applications. Here, we report on the successful introduction of superconductivity in a ferromagnetic layered skyrmion system CrTe, obtained by the Sn intercalation, below a transition temperature of 3.5 K. We observe several interesting physical properties, such as superconductivity, magnetism, and the topological Hall effect, simultaneously in this system. Despite the magnetism and Meissner effects being anisotropic, the superconductivity observed from the in-plane electrical resistivity () is nearly isotropic between and , suggesting separate channels of conduction electrons responsible for the superconductivity and magnetism of this system, which is also supported by our spin-resolved DFT calculations. We identify two orders of higher carrier density in superconducting SnCrTe than the parent CrTe. A jump in the specific heat is noticed around the with a volume fraction of 33%, confirming the bulk superconductivity in SnCrTe. In addition to the introduction of superconductivity, tuning of topological Hall properties is noticed with Sn intercalation. Our observation of superconductivity in a skyrmion lattice brings up a new class of topological quantum materials.","PeriodicalId":8066,"journal":{"name":"Applied Materials Today","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102341
Yijun Mei, Jingyi Hu, Yuanyuan Cao, Xueyu Gao, Lu Tang, Wei Wang
Hydrogel exhibits a promising application prospect for multimodal cancer therapy in clinic compared with other conventional drug delivery platforms, which is predominantly attributed to its excellent biocompatibility, local injectability and retention, sustained drug release behavior, multiple administration approaches, and flexible drug loading capacity. Hydrogel can be further classified into physical, chemical, and multiple crosslinked hydrogels according to the formation mechanisms. The emergence of hydrogel enables antineoplastic agents to be delivered in much broader routes compared with numerous traditional carriers. Intratumoral injection, peritumoral injection, and postoperative implantation are regarded as the three momentous approaches for administrating macroscopic hydrogel, while nanoscopic hydrogel can also be applied through intravenous injection. In addition, both monotherapy and combination therapy against cancer are available to be realized through hydrogel delivery system, providing a valuable opportunity to enhance antitumor effect and achieve synergistic efficacy. Recently, several hydrogel products have already been approved by FDA, exerting essential roles against cancer in clinic. Meanwhile, there have also been various types of hydrogel delivery systems for cancer therapy in clinical trial stage. To sum up, hydrogel is a versatile drug delivery platform with good clinical translation potential, offering a promising and meaningful strategy for cancer therapy.
与其他传统给药平台相比，水凝胶在临床多模式癌症治疗方面具有广阔的应用前景，这主要归功于其出色的生物相容性、局部注射性和保留性、持续释药行为、多种给药方法和灵活的载药能力。根据形成机制，水凝胶可进一步分为物理水凝胶、化学水凝胶和多重交联水凝胶。与众多传统载体相比，水凝胶的出现使抗肿瘤药物的给药途径更加广泛。瘤内注射、瘤周注射和术后植入被认为是施用大分子水凝胶的三种重要方法，而纳米水凝胶也可通过静脉注射施用。此外，通过水凝胶给药系统还可以实现抗癌单药治疗和联合治疗，为增强抗肿瘤效果和实现协同疗效提供了宝贵的机会。最近，一些水凝胶产品已获得 FDA 批准，在临床上发挥了重要的抗癌作用。与此同时，各种类型的水凝胶癌症治疗给药系统也已进入临床试验阶段。总之，水凝胶是一种多功能给药平台，具有良好的临床转化潜力，为癌症治疗提供了一种有前景、有意义的策略。
{"title":"Versatile hydrogel-based drug delivery platform for multimodal cancer therapy from bench to bedside","authors":"Yijun Mei, Jingyi Hu, Yuanyuan Cao, Xueyu Gao, Lu Tang, Wei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102341","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogel exhibits a promising application prospect for multimodal cancer therapy in clinic compared with other conventional drug delivery platforms, which is predominantly attributed to its excellent biocompatibility, local injectability and retention, sustained drug release behavior, multiple administration approaches, and flexible drug loading capacity. Hydrogel can be further classified into physical, chemical, and multiple crosslinked hydrogels according to the formation mechanisms. The emergence of hydrogel enables antineoplastic agents to be delivered in much broader routes compared with numerous traditional carriers. Intratumoral injection, peritumoral injection, and postoperative implantation are regarded as the three momentous approaches for administrating macroscopic hydrogel, while nanoscopic hydrogel can also be applied through intravenous injection. In addition, both monotherapy and combination therapy against cancer are available to be realized through hydrogel delivery system, providing a valuable opportunity to enhance antitumor effect and achieve synergistic efficacy. Recently, several hydrogel products have already been approved by FDA, exerting essential roles against cancer in clinic. Meanwhile, there have also been various types of hydrogel delivery systems for cancer therapy in clinical trial stage. To sum up, hydrogel is a versatile drug delivery platform with good clinical translation potential, offering a promising and meaningful strategy for cancer therapy.","PeriodicalId":8066,"journal":{"name":"Applied Materials Today","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The occurrence of severe skin burns may lead to delayed wound healing and persistent scarring. Agents that promote angiogenesis hold great promise for enhancing the effectiveness of wound healing, while modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and anti-fibrotic cytokines exhibits significant potential in alleviating scars. In this study, a novel hyaluronic acid- chitooligosaccharides/europium (HA-CE) sponge was prepared. HA-CE sponge were highly absorbent and could scavenge free radicals, as well as promoted macrophages polarized toward M2. HA-CE sponge also promoted the angiogenesis, which was related to the increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. The expression of CD26 in fibroblast was down-regulated and the transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3) was elevated by HA-CE sponge. The HA-CE sponge in the burnt wound model enhanced angiogenesis and anti-inflammatory responses, thereby accelerating healing of burnt wounds and ameliorating scarring-related factors to inhibit scar formation. These findings identified HA-CE sponge had potential to be developed as a dressing for burnt skin wound.
{"title":"Europium-based complex crosslinked with hyaluronic acid sponge with controllable adaptive capability to promote effective scarless regeneration of burn wound","authors":"Xiuhong Huang, Liqin Zheng, Lihua Li, Licheng Lin, Zonghua Liu, Changren Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102340","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of severe skin burns may lead to delayed wound healing and persistent scarring. Agents that promote angiogenesis hold great promise for enhancing the effectiveness of wound healing, while modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and anti-fibrotic cytokines exhibits significant potential in alleviating scars. In this study, a novel hyaluronic acid- chitooligosaccharides/europium (HA-CE) sponge was prepared. HA-CE sponge were highly absorbent and could scavenge free radicals, as well as promoted macrophages polarized toward M2. HA-CE sponge also promoted the angiogenesis, which was related to the increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. The expression of CD26 in fibroblast was down-regulated and the transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3) was elevated by HA-CE sponge. The HA-CE sponge in the burnt wound model enhanced angiogenesis and anti-inflammatory responses, thereby accelerating healing of burnt wounds and ameliorating scarring-related factors to inhibit scar formation. These findings identified HA-CE sponge had potential to be developed as a dressing for burnt skin wound.","PeriodicalId":8066,"journal":{"name":"Applied Materials Today","volume":"303 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bioelectronic medicine, involving physiologically relevant biophysical stimulation and piezoelectric biomaterials is perceived to transform the field of regenerative bioelectronics. The combinatorial effect has shown remarkable potential in guiding cell behavior and promoting the development of functional tissue-engineered constructs. Smart piezoelectric biomaterials, capable of generating electric charges under mechanical stress or deformation, have emerged as key players in tissue engineering applications. This comprehensive review explores the interplay between electrical stimulation, piezoelectric biomaterials, and cell functionality in regeneration of neural, bone, cardiac, skin, and vascular tissues. The inherent electrical activity (biopiezoelectricity) empowers piezoelectric scaffolds to replicate natural processes in the extracellular matrix. The synergy between surface charge polarization or electric field stimulation and the functional properties of piezoelectric biomaterials have been critically analyzed. These analyses demonstrate how such synergistic effects can modulate cell functionality and tissue regeneration. Moreover, the integration of data science approaches has the potential to optimize the design of piezoelectric scaffolds for specific tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
{"title":"Interplay of piezoelectricity and electrical stimulation in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine","authors":"Kuntal Kumar Das, Bikramjit Basu, Pralay Maiti, Ashutosh Kumar Dubey","doi":"10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102332","url":null,"abstract":"Bioelectronic medicine, involving physiologically relevant biophysical stimulation and piezoelectric biomaterials is perceived to transform the field of regenerative bioelectronics. The combinatorial effect has shown remarkable potential in guiding cell behavior and promoting the development of functional tissue-engineered constructs. Smart piezoelectric biomaterials, capable of generating electric charges under mechanical stress or deformation, have emerged as key players in tissue engineering applications. This comprehensive review explores the interplay between electrical stimulation, piezoelectric biomaterials, and cell functionality in regeneration of neural, bone, cardiac, skin, and vascular tissues. The inherent electrical activity (biopiezoelectricity) empowers piezoelectric scaffolds to replicate natural processes in the extracellular matrix. The synergy between surface charge polarization or electric field stimulation and the functional properties of piezoelectric biomaterials have been critically analyzed. These analyses demonstrate how such synergistic effects can modulate cell functionality and tissue regeneration. Moreover, the integration of data science approaches has the potential to optimize the design of piezoelectric scaffolds for specific tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.","PeriodicalId":8066,"journal":{"name":"Applied Materials Today","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141776095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent advancements in neuromorphic computing driven by memristors, which emulate biological synapses and neurons, have spurred the development of innovative information technologies. To extend memristor applications to artificial nervous systems, electronic receptors are crucial for converting external stimuli into signals for the internal nervous system. Key requirements for integrating neuron devices into neuromorphic computing include achieving threshold behavior, minimizing power consumption, and ensuring compatibility with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Hafnium-based ferroelectric memristors are known for their robust ferroelectric properties at nanoscales and compatibility with CMOS technology. However, their non-volatile resistive switching has historically limited their suitability for neuron sensory applications requiring threshold switching. This study demonstrates threshold switching behavior in a TiN/HfZrO(HZO)/TiO/TiN heterostructure by incorporating a nanoscale TiO interfacial layer as an oxygen reservoir. This layer facilitates the formation of oxygen vacancies within the ferroelectric HZO layer, serving as internal charge trap sites. As a result, hafnium-based ferroelectric memristors exhibit volatile switching characteristics, enabling them to function as nociceptive devices through internal charge trapping and detrapping mechanisms. These volatile memristors are suitable for artificial nociceptor systems requiring responses such as threshold detection, relaxation, allodynia, and hyperalgesia to external stimuli. This capability opens avenues for developing advanced humanoid robots capable of rapid adaptation and response in challenging environments such as outer space or hazardous conditions, leveraging real-time sensory processing for effective operation and survival.
忆阻器可模拟生物突触和神经元，其驱动的神经形态计算领域的最新进展推动了创新信息技术的发展。要将忆阻器的应用扩展到人工神经系统，电子受体对于将外部刺激转化为内部神经系统的信号至关重要。将神经元器件集成到神经形态计算中的关键要求包括实现阈值行为、最大限度地降低功耗以及确保与互补金属氧化物半导体（CMOS）技术的兼容性。铪基铁电忆阻器以其在纳米尺度上的稳健铁电特性和与 CMOS 技术的兼容性而著称。然而，它们的非易失性电阻开关历来限制了它们在需要阈值开关的神经元传感应用中的适用性。本研究通过在 TiN/HfZrO(HZO)/TiO/TiN 异质结构中加入纳米级 TiO 界面层作为储氧层，展示了阈值开关行为。该层有助于在铁电 HZO 层中形成氧空位，作为内部电荷阱点。因此，铪基铁电记忆晶体管具有挥发性开关特性，使其能够通过内部电荷捕获和分离机制发挥痛觉器件的功能。这些挥发性忆阻器适用于需要对外部刺激做出阈值检测、松弛、异动感和超痛感等反应的人工痛觉感受器系统。这种能力为开发先进的仿人机器人开辟了道路，使其能够在具有挑战性的环境（如外太空或危险条件）中快速适应和响应，利用实时感官处理实现有效操作和生存。
{"title":"Artificial nociceptor based on interface engineered ferroelectric volatile memristor","authors":"Joonbong Lee, Myeong Seop Song, Woo-Sung Jang, Hojin Lee, Sangwoo Lee, Turgun Boynazarov, Young-Min Kim, Seung Chul Chae, Haider Abbas, Taekjib Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102346","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advancements in neuromorphic computing driven by memristors, which emulate biological synapses and neurons, have spurred the development of innovative information technologies. To extend memristor applications to artificial nervous systems, electronic receptors are crucial for converting external stimuli into signals for the internal nervous system. Key requirements for integrating neuron devices into neuromorphic computing include achieving threshold behavior, minimizing power consumption, and ensuring compatibility with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Hafnium-based ferroelectric memristors are known for their robust ferroelectric properties at nanoscales and compatibility with CMOS technology. However, their non-volatile resistive switching has historically limited their suitability for neuron sensory applications requiring threshold switching. This study demonstrates threshold switching behavior in a TiN/HfZrO(HZO)/TiO/TiN heterostructure by incorporating a nanoscale TiO interfacial layer as an oxygen reservoir. This layer facilitates the formation of oxygen vacancies within the ferroelectric HZO layer, serving as internal charge trap sites. As a result, hafnium-based ferroelectric memristors exhibit volatile switching characteristics, enabling them to function as nociceptive devices through internal charge trapping and detrapping mechanisms. These volatile memristors are suitable for artificial nociceptor systems requiring responses such as threshold detection, relaxation, allodynia, and hyperalgesia to external stimuli. This capability opens avenues for developing advanced humanoid robots capable of rapid adaptation and response in challenging environments such as outer space or hazardous conditions, leveraging real-time sensory processing for effective operation and survival.","PeriodicalId":8066,"journal":{"name":"Applied Materials Today","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141931149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-19DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102336
Jijiang He, Hongyu Zhang, Sehrina Eshon, Weike Zhang, Martin Saunders, Jeffrey M. Gordon, Hui Tong Chua
The first potentially scalable synthesis of core-shell tungsten disulfide (WS) nano-onions comprising a pure-tungsten core encased in WS shells (W@WS) is reported. Although W@WS nano-onions were achieved in earlier studies, all methods engendered practical drawbacks such as the need for toxic reagents, inherently customized small-scale processes, long reaction times, complex multi-step processes, and long reaction times, which precluded commercialization and widespread impact. Here, a promising, novel and scalable alternative is depicted which surmounts the limitations of previous procedures: the one-pot, catalyst-free, safe, rapid, high-temperature lamp ablation method, which starts with precursor 2H-WS, and is devoid of toxic chemicals. The major applications are exceptional solid lubricants stable at high temperatures, and excellent catalytic activity. Moreover, pure tungsten web-like nanostructures never before observed or predicted were found among the products - a finding of basic scientific value, awaiting the identification of major applications. Hollow WS nano-onions and nanotubes also emerged, but in far smaller quantities, and for understandable reasons that are addressed. Electron micrographs and a variety of material characterization methods permitted deducing reaction mechanisms that entailed (a) WS decomposing into elemental sulfur and tungsten, and, in parallel, (b) WS exfoliating into nano-platelets that bent and closed upon themselves. Some tungsten nanospheres independently conjoined to form the yet undiscovered pure-tungsten nano-webs. The formation of molten tungsten at temperatures well below the bulk's melting point was accounted for from the substantial melting-point depression as nanosphere diameter decreases.
{"title":"Singular tungsten disulfide core-shell and pure tungsten nanostructures","authors":"Jijiang He, Hongyu Zhang, Sehrina Eshon, Weike Zhang, Martin Saunders, Jeffrey M. Gordon, Hui Tong Chua","doi":"10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102336","url":null,"abstract":"The first potentially scalable synthesis of core-shell tungsten disulfide (WS) nano-onions comprising a pure-tungsten core encased in WS shells (W@WS) is reported. Although W@WS nano-onions were achieved in earlier studies, all methods engendered practical drawbacks such as the need for toxic reagents, inherently customized small-scale processes, long reaction times, complex multi-step processes, and long reaction times, which precluded commercialization and widespread impact. Here, a promising, novel and scalable alternative is depicted which surmounts the limitations of previous procedures: the one-pot, catalyst-free, safe, rapid, high-temperature lamp ablation method, which starts with precursor 2H-WS, and is devoid of toxic chemicals. The major applications are exceptional solid lubricants stable at high temperatures, and excellent catalytic activity. Moreover, pure tungsten web-like nanostructures never before observed or predicted were found among the products - a finding of basic scientific value, awaiting the identification of major applications. Hollow WS nano-onions and nanotubes also emerged, but in far smaller quantities, and for understandable reasons that are addressed. Electron micrographs and a variety of material characterization methods permitted deducing reaction mechanisms that entailed (a) WS decomposing into elemental sulfur and tungsten, and, in parallel, (b) WS exfoliating into nano-platelets that bent and closed upon themselves. Some tungsten nanospheres independently conjoined to form the yet undiscovered pure-tungsten nano-webs. The formation of molten tungsten at temperatures well below the bulk's melting point was accounted for from the substantial melting-point depression as nanosphere diameter decreases.","PeriodicalId":8066,"journal":{"name":"Applied Materials Today","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141775819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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