Applied Ocean Research最新文献_第4页

Behaviour of monopile-gravity-shallow bucket hybrid foundation for offshore wind turbine under cyclic load in sandy soil 砂质土中海上风力发电机组单桩-重力-浅桶混合地基循环荷载特性

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, OCEAN

Applied Ocean Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.apor.2026.104955

Xinyao Li , Yi Tan , Yifei Sun , Min Zhang , Wei Duan , Zean Xiao

This paper investigates the behavior of a monopile-gravity-shallow bucket (MGB) hybrid foundation for offshore wind turbines (OWTs) under cyclic loading conditions. The study aims to understand the long-term performance of the hybrid foundation, focusing on accumulative deflection, rotation prediction, stiffness degradation, and post-cyclic bearing capacity. A series of 1 g model tests were conducted to evaluate the foundation's response to both monotonic and cyclic lateral loads in dense sand, with varying aspect ratios and cyclic load parameters. The results indicate that the bucket diameter significantly influences the accumulative rotation, as larger diameters leading to reduced deflection under cyclic loading. The study also examines the effects of cyclic load magnitude ratio (ζ_b) and symmetry ratio (ζ_c) on the foundation's performance, revealing that higher ζ_b values lead to greater accumulative rotation, while the two-way loading results in larger deflections compared to the one-way loading. The dimensionless analysis demonstrates that the MGB foundation exhibits a significantly slower cumulative deformation rate than monopile and suction bucket foundations, with regression models incorporating the two loading parameters further developed to predict rotation angles. Additionally, the foundation's stiffness tends to increase after long-term cyclic loading in dense soil condition. The post-cyclic monotonic bearing capacity of the hybrid foundation was found to be higher than its pre-cyclic capacity, suggesting improved soil densification around the foundation. The findings provide some insights for the design and optimization of hybrid foundations for OWTs under long-term cyclic loading.

研究了海上风力机单桩-重力-浅桶混合地基在循环荷载作用下的性能。该研究旨在了解混合地基的长期性能，重点关注累积挠度、旋转预测、刚度退化和循环后承载力。在不同的长径比和循环荷载参数下，进行了一系列1g模型试验，以评估致密砂中基础对单调和循环侧向荷载的响应。结果表明：斗体直径对累积旋转有显著影响，在循环荷载作用下，斗体直径越大，挠度越小；研究还考察了循环荷载幅值比（ζb）和对称比（ζc）对地基性能的影响，表明相对于单向加载，较高的ζb值导致更大的累积旋转，而双向加载导致更大的挠度。无因次分析表明，MGB基础的累积变形速率明显低于单桩和吸力桶基础，并进一步建立了包含两种荷载参数的回归模型来预测旋转角度。此外，在致密土条件下，长期循环荷载作用后，地基刚度有增大的趋势。混合地基循环后单调承载力高于循环前单调承载力，表明地基周围土体致密化程度有所提高。研究结果可为长期循环荷载作用下wot混合地基的设计与优化提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

Missing data imputation for an ocean research station based on multi-layer perceptron neural network 基于多层感知器神经网络的海洋研究站缺失数据输入

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, OCEAN

Applied Ocean Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.apor.2026.104956

Nam-Hoon Kim , Sung-Hwan Park , Jin-Yong Jeong , Jin-Yong Choi , Ki-Young Heo , Yongchim Min , Jung-Woon Choi

Missing data from ocean research stations pose significant challenges for accurate oceanographic modeling and analysis. Such data gaps frequently occur during summer typhoon seasons and often persist for extended periods due to severe weather conditions. This study introduces a multi-layer perceptron neural network for missing data imputation, using reanalysis datasets as inputs. Reanalysis products were used as reference data to provide contextual information on potential ocean conditions during the missing periods. The model was trained on periods with available observations, learning to leverage reanalysis data as supplementary inputs while aligning with observed patterns. The trained network was then applied to the missing periods, effectively using reanalysis data to reconstruct gaps caused by typhoon-related disruptions. The imputation results indicate that the proposed model performs effectively in filling long-term data gaps, demonstrating robustness and reliability. By leveraging reanalysis data for gap imputation, the method achieves high accuracy in reconstructing missing values and significantly improves the completeness and utility of datasets from ocean research stations for both scientific and operational purposes.

海洋研究站数据的缺失对精确的海洋学建模和分析提出了重大挑战。这种数据缺口经常发生在夏季台风季节，并且由于恶劣的天气条件往往持续较长时间。本研究使用再分析数据集作为输入，引入多层感知器神经网络用于缺失数据的输入。再分析产品被用作参考数据，以提供在缺失期间潜在海洋状况的背景信息。该模型在具有可用观察值的时间段进行训练，学习利用再分析数据作为补充输入，同时与观察到的模式保持一致。然后将训练好的网络应用于缺失的时期，有效地使用再分析数据来重建台风相关中断造成的缺口。结果表明，该模型能够有效地填补长期数据缺口，具有较好的鲁棒性和可靠性。该方法利用再分析数据进行缺口补入，实现了缺失值重建的高精度，显著提高了海洋研究站数据集的完整性和实用性。

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引用次数: 0

Aerodynamic modeling and wake characterization of a 15-MW offshore wind turbine: Insights from blade-resolved URANS simulations 15兆瓦海上风力涡轮机的空气动力学建模和尾流特性：来自叶片分辨率URANS模拟的见解

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, OCEAN

Applied Ocean Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.apor.2026.104935

Cong Yi , Shenglei Fu , Shangru Jia , Shuyu Yan , Haoran Yang , Hongbo Zhu

As offshore wind turbines continue to scale up beyond 15 MW, their aerodynamic complexity and wake interactions present significant modeling and performance prediction challenges. This study investigates the aerodynamic behavior and wake characteristics of the IEA-15MW reference wind turbine using high-fidelity three-dimensional CFD simulations based on the URANS framework with the SST

k - ω

turbulence model. A series of blade-resolved simulations are conducted across a range of below-rated wind speeds to evaluate flow separation phenomena, spanwise force distribution, and local blade aerodynamics. The results reveal a nearly constant angle of attack (AOA) prior to pitch control engagement, with decreasing separation from root to mid-span and significant tip loss effects near the blade edge. A comparative analysis with Blade Element Momentum Theory (BEMT) demonstrates that BEMT overestimates the axial induction velocity and aerodynamic loading, which is attributed to an overprediction of the axial induction factor and limitations in the tip loss corrections. However, despite these differences in the force distribution along the blade, the results show comparable overall power estimates. Furthermore, the wake recovery process is governed by distinct mechanisms in the hub and tip regions: viscous and turbulent diffusion dominate recovery near the hub, whereas velocity shear primarily drives recovery in the tip region. In the far wake, the tip and hub vortices begin to interact and merge, enhancing the overall velocity recovery of the wake. Collectively, the findings provide critical insights into advanced aerodynamic modeling, accurate performance evaluation, and effective wake management strategies for next-generation ultra-large offshore wind turbines.

随着海上风力涡轮机的规模继续扩大到15兆瓦以上，其空气动力学复杂性和尾流相互作用给建模和性能预测带来了重大挑战。基于URANS框架和SST k−ω湍流模型，采用高保真三维CFD模拟方法研究了IEA-15MW参考风力机的气动特性和尾迹特性。在低于额定风速的范围内进行了一系列叶片解析模拟，以评估流动分离现象、展向力分布和叶片局部空气动力学。结果表明，在螺距控制啮合之前，攻角（AOA）几乎是恒定的，从根部到跨中之间的分离减少，叶缘附近的叶尖损失效应显著。与叶片单元动量理论（BEMT）的对比分析表明，BEMT高估了轴向诱导速度和气动载荷，这是由于对轴向诱导因子的高估和叶尖损失修正的局限性。然而，尽管沿着叶片的力分布存在这些差异，但结果显示出可比较的总体功率估计。此外，尾迹恢复过程受轮毂和叶尖区域的不同机制控制：粘性和湍流扩散主导着轮毂附近的恢复，而速度剪切主要驱动叶尖区域的恢复。在远尾流中，叶尖和轮毂涡开始相互作用并合并，增强了尾流的整体速度恢复。总的来说，这些发现为下一代超大型海上风力涡轮机的先进空气动力学建模、准确的性能评估和有效的尾流管理策略提供了重要的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Down-scale marine hydrodynamic analysis at the Norwegian coast from metocean to FSI—The NORA-SARAH open framework 挪威海岸从海洋到fsi - NORA-SARAH开放框架的小尺度海洋水动力分析

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, OCEAN

Applied Ocean Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.apor.2026.104944

Widar Weizhi Wang , Konstantinos Christakos , Csaba Pákozdi , Hans Bihs

Offshore wave studies often assume Gaussian processes and homogeneous wave fields. However, as waves approach the shoreline, complex coastal topo-bathymetry induces transformations such as shoaling, refraction, diffraction, reflection, and breaking, leading to increased nonlinearity and site-specific wave characteristics. This complexity necessitates detailed site-specific studies for coastal infrastructure design and blue economy planning.

This work presents a dynamical downscaling procedure for analyzing wave–structure interactions from offshore metocean conditions. The open-access NORA3 and NORA10EI hindcast databases define offshore seastates and wind conditions, which are propagated to nearshore regions using the phase-averaged wave model SWAN. The outputs inform phase-resolving simulations with the fully nonlinear potential flow solver REEF3D::FNPF, incorporating an Arbitrary Eulerian–Lagrangian (ALE) method to compute wave forces via Morison’s formulation and to screen for severe wave loads, which are further examined using the fully viscous Navier–Stokes solver REEF3D::CFD. A one-way hydrodynamic coupling (HDC) between the potential flow and viscous solvers ensures accurate information transfer.

The proposed NORA-SARAH framework, integrating NORA databases with SWAN-REEF3D-ALE-HDC, offers a robust approach for complex coastal environments. A case study in Southern Norway demonstrates its advantages over traditional significant wave height (

H_{s}

)-based or phase-averaged modeling-based practices, highlighting the necessity of this downscaling method.

近海波浪研究通常采用高斯过程和均匀波场。然而，当波浪接近海岸线时，复杂的海岸地形测深引起了诸如浅滩、折射、衍射、反射和破碎等变换，导致非线性和特定地点的波浪特征增加。这种复杂性需要对沿海基础设施设计和蓝色经济规划进行详细的具体研究。这项工作提出了一种动态降尺度程序，用于分析近海海洋条件下的波结构相互作用。开放获取的NORA3和NORA10EI后发数据库定义了海上海况和风况，并使用相位平均波浪模型SWAN将其传播到近岸地区。输出结果为全非线性势流求解器REEF3D::FNPF的相位解析模拟提供了信息，该模拟结合了任意欧拉-拉格朗日（ALE）方法，通过Morison公式计算波浪力，并筛选严重的波浪载荷，进一步使用全粘性Navier-Stokes求解器REEF3D::CFD进行了检查。势流和粘性求解器之间的单向流体动力耦合（HDC）确保了准确的信息传递。提出的NORA- sarah框架将NORA数据库与SWAN-REEF3D-ALE-HDC集成在一起，为复杂的沿海环境提供了一种强大的方法。挪威南部的一个案例研究表明，该方法优于传统的基于显著波高（Hs）或基于相位平均建模的方法，强调了这种降尺度方法的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Study on the characteristics of underwater radiated noise induced by cabin airborne noise: Model testing and numerical simulation 舱室机载噪声诱发水下辐射噪声特性研究：模型试验与数值模拟

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, OCEAN

Applied Ocean Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.apor.2026.104947

Haichao Li , Jialong Wang , Heyan Xu , Fuzhen Pang , Tianyi Hang

The vibration and acoustic radiation characteristics of reinforced cylindrical shells under airborne noise excitation in underwater compartments were investigated using experimental and numerical simulation approaches. A numerical simulation model of the cylindrical shell structure was developed, and its accuracy was validated through experimental data. Acoustic radiation measurements were conducted in an anechoic tank for the reinforced cylindrical shell under white noise, fixed-frequency, and in-service load excitations. By comparing the experimental results with numerical simulations, the effectiveness of the analytical method for studying compartment airborne noise excitation characteristics was validated. The experimental and numerical results demonstrate that, within the frequency range of 100 Hz to 10 kHz, the simulation outcomes exhibit good overall agreement with the experimental measurements, with a maximum discrepancy of 4 dB between the two datasets. This further confirms the reliability of the proposed analytical framework for assessing airborne noise excitation characteristics in underwater compartments.

采用实验和数值模拟相结合的方法，研究了水下舱室加强型圆柱壳在空气噪声激励下的振动和声辐射特性。建立了圆柱壳结构的数值模拟模型，并通过实验数据验证了模型的准确性。在消声箱中对加筋圆柱壳进行了白噪声、固定频率和在役载荷激励下的声辐射测量。通过实验结果与数值模拟结果的对比，验证了该分析方法研究舱室空气噪声激励特性的有效性。实验和数值结果表明，在100 Hz ~ 10 kHz的频率范围内，模拟结果与实验测量值总体吻合，最大误差为4 dB。这进一步证实了所提出的用于评估水下舱室空气噪声激励特性的分析框架的可靠性。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of wave–current interaction on the dynamic response of a floating offshore wind turbine: A CFD investigation 波流相互作用对浮式海上风力机动力响应的影响：CFD研究

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, OCEAN

Applied Ocean Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.apor.2026.104928

Yiyong Dong , Weikai Tan , Kaiqing Luo , Yuzhu Pearl Li , Jing Yuan

Floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) are critical for deep-water renewable energy, but their dynamic response under combined wind, wave, and current conditions involves complex, nonlinear interactions that challenge accurate prediction. This study presents a high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model within the OpenFOAM framework, incorporating a new coupled wind–wave–current inlet boundary condition. The integrated numerical approach couples a multiphase flow solver (olaFlow), an actuator line model (ALM) for aerodynamics, a dynamic mooring model (MoorDyn), and a six-degree-of-freedom motion solver. Simulations under both normal and extreme conditions reveal that while the mean surge excitation force follows a linear superposition of individual environmental loads, the resulting mean displacement deviates significantly under large motions due to mooring system nonlinearity. In contrast, wave–current interaction (WCI) profoundly amplifies the wave-frequency surge response, with surge amplitudes increasing up to fourfold under normal conditions and doubling under extreme conditions. This amplification affects the overall platform motions and influences nacelle dynamics. As a result, it induces fluctuations in power output and thrust loading, undermining power generation stability and posing risks to blade safety and platform integrity. The study concludes that fully coupled simulations are essential for realistic FOWT design and assessment.

浮式海上风力涡轮机（FOWTs）对于深水可再生能源至关重要，但它们在风、波和电流条件下的动态响应涉及复杂的非线性相互作用，这对准确预测提出了挑战。本研究提出了一个在OpenFOAM框架内的高保真计算流体动力学（CFD）模型，其中包含了一个新的耦合风波-流入口边界条件。集成数值方法将多相流求解器（olaFlow）、空气动力学执行器线模型（ALM）、动态系泊模型（MoorDyn）和六自由度运动求解器耦合在一起。在正常和极端条件下的模拟表明，虽然平均激波激振力遵循单个环境载荷的线性叠加，但由于系泊系统的非线性，在大运动下产生的平均位移会显著偏离。相比之下，波流相互作用（WCI）极大地放大了波频浪涌响应，在正常条件下浪涌幅度增加了四倍，在极端条件下增加了一倍。这种放大会影响整个平台的运动和机舱动力学。导致输出功率和推力载荷波动，影响发电稳定性，对叶片安全和平台完整性构成威胁。研究结果表明，全耦合仿真对于实际的FOWT设计和评估至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

A hybrid machine learning and physics-based model to predict the fatigue life of free-spanning pipelines 一种混合机器学习和基于物理的模型来预测自由跨越管道的疲劳寿命

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, OCEAN

Applied Ocean Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.apor.2026.104948

Ali Karrech , Mohammed Abdelsalam , Hongwei An , Fraser Bransby , Scott Draper , Phil Watson

Predicting the dynamic response of a free-spanning subsea pipeline is complicated because of the intricate interactions dependent on the seabed behaviour, pipeline deformation and hydrodynamics. Traditionally, deterministic modelling techniques based on analytical, numerical and/or empirical solutions have been employed for predicting the response of subsea pipelines and inferring their fatigue damage. However, uncertainties in external loading conditions due to the stochastic nature of hydrodynamic forces pose challenges, necessitating innovative approaches for robust estimation. In this paper, we propose a novel methodology, termed Gaussian-Fourier latent force modelling (GFLFM) for stochastic pipeline fatigue analysis, which integrates Gaussian processes (GP), random Fourier features (RFF), latent force modelling (LFM), and fatigue damage assessment. This framework combines physics-based partial differential equations (PDEs) describing the system dynamics with GP regression to infer latent input forces; it is cast to address the limitations of deterministic approaches. GFLFM facilitates the accurate prediction of subsea pipeline responses while quantifying uncertainties. The proposed GFLFM framework offers a promising avenue for modelling and predicting the behaviour of free-spanning subsea pipelines. Integrating machine learning techniques with physics-based models enables more accurate predictions while accounting for uncertainties, thereby enhancing the reliability and sustainability of offshore infrastructure design and maintenance strategies.

由于海底行为、管道变形和流体动力学等因素的相互作用，预测自由跨越海底管道的动力响应是非常复杂的。传统上，基于解析、数值和/或经验解的确定性建模技术已被用于预测海底管道的响应和推断其疲劳损伤。然而，由于水动力的随机性，外部加载条件的不确定性带来了挑战，需要创新的鲁棒估计方法。在本文中，我们提出了一种新的方法，称为高斯-傅立叶潜力建模（GFLFM）用于随机管道疲劳分析，它集成了高斯过程（GP）、随机傅立叶特征（RFF）、潜力建模（LFM）和疲劳损伤评估。该框架将描述系统动力学的基于物理的偏微分方程（PDEs）与GP回归相结合，以推断潜在的输入力；它旨在解决确定性方法的局限性。GFLFM有助于准确预测海底管道响应，同时量化不确定性。所提出的GFLFM框架为模拟和预测自由跨越海底管道的行为提供了一个有前途的途径。将机器学习技术与基于物理的模型相结合，可以在考虑不确定性的同时实现更准确的预测，从而提高海上基础设施设计和维护策略的可靠性和可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical investigation of the unsteady multiphase flow around a supercavitating vehicle with scarfed gas jets 带斜向射流的超空泡飞行器非定常多相流数值研究

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, OCEAN

Applied Ocean Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.apor.2026.104958

Zehui Qu, Yigan Zhang, Yonghao Ye, Baiyan He, Huaping Liu

To address tail slamming during high-speed water entry, this study proposes an active stabilization method using scarfed gas jets at the tail, enhancing vehicle attitude control through the reactive forces of the jets and the interference it generates. Numerical simulations of the supersonic gas jet flows within the natural supercavity are conducted using the RANS turbulence model coupled with the mixture multiphase flow model. The evolution of the gas-vapor-liquid multiphase flow field and nozzle thrust characteristics under different cavitation numbers and angles of attack (AOAs) are analyzed, and the potential effects and dynamic mechanisms of the scarfed jets on vehicle motion stability are investigated. The results show that jet control induces bidirectional axial expansion of the gas bubbles, thereby increasing the clearance between the vehicle tail and the cavity boundary. The asymmetric inflow modifies the operating state of the vertically opposed nozzles, leading to an underexpanded leeward jet and an overexpanded windward jet. The resulting asymmetric redistribution of wall pressure is identified as the primary source of pitching moment variation, surpassing the contribution of direct jet thrust. The scarfed gas jet promotes a nose-down restoring tendency at α = 2° and suppresses a nose-up overturning tendency at α = 4°, effectively enhancing the attitude stability of the vehicle. As the cavitation number increases, the reduction in supercavity volume, along with the wetted exhaust section and high-pressure gas accumulation on the leeward side of the tail, diminishes the control effectiveness.

为了解决高速入水时尾翼撞击的问题，本研究提出了一种利用尾翼斜切气体射流的主动稳定方法，通过射流的反作用力及其产生的干扰增强飞行器的姿态控制。采用RANS湍流模型和混合多相流模型对天然超空腔内超声速气体射流进行了数值模拟。分析了不同空化数和攻角（AOAs）下气-气-液多相流场的演变和喷嘴推力特性，探讨了斜切射流对飞行器运动稳定性的潜在影响及其动力机制。结果表明：射流控制诱导了气泡的双向轴向膨胀，从而增大了车辆尾部与空腔边界之间的间隙；不对称流入改变了垂直对置喷嘴的工作状态，导致背风射流膨胀不足和迎风射流膨胀过度。由此产生的壁面压力的不对称重新分布被认为是俯仰力矩变化的主要来源，超过了直接射流推力的贡献。在α = 2°处，斜切气体射流促进了机头向下的恢复趋势，抑制了机头向上的倾覆趋势，有效地提高了飞行器的姿态稳定性。随着空化次数的增加，超空腔体积的减小，以及尾部背风侧的湿化排气段和高压气体积聚，降低了控制效果。

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引用次数: 0

Transforming metocean data into motion predictions: A review of very short-term predictions of floating body motions 将海洋数据转化为运动预测：对漂浮体运动的极短期预测的回顾

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, OCEAN

Applied Ocean Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.apor.2026.104934

Shen Mei , Shao Fei , Xu Qian , Li Jiandong , Weng Kaiqiang

This paper introduces a novel, phase-based classification framework for the very short-term prediction (VSTP) of floating body motions to resolve the ambiguities and overlaps inherent in traditional algorithm-based classifications. The proposed framework organizes existing approaches into three forecasting phases, i.e., wave-field measurement, wave-field forecasting, and wave-to-motion mapping. It identifies four major model categories: wave forecasting, hydrodynamic, adaptive filtering, and historical data–driven models. Notably, this structure clarifies the functional roles of different methodologies and resolves long-standing classification ambiguities. Furthermore, a bibliometric analysis of the literature from 2015–2025 demonstrates that research activity has increasingly shifted toward data-centric approaches. Indeed, publications on historical data–driven models increased from 8 in 2015 to 39 in 2024, corresponding to a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of approximately 20%, while adaptive filtering models exhibited even faster growth, rising from 5 to 32 studies with a CAGR of about 25%. In contrast, wave forecasting models showed moderate growth, increasing from 2 to a peak of 15 before declining to 11, whereas hydrodynamic model studies remained relatively stable at 0–7 publications per year. Comparative performance analysis reveals that no single model consistently outperforms others across key criteria, including prediction accuracy, forecasting horizon, interpretability, and real-time applicability. Instead, future advances in VSTP are likely to rely on multi-model fusion, improved wave-sensing technologies, data augmentation for extreme sea states, and uncertainty-aware forecasting, all of which are essential for reliable deployment in safety-critical offshore operations.

本文引入了一种新的基于相位的浮体运动极短期预测（VSTP）分类框架，以解决传统基于算法的分类中固有的歧义和重叠。提出的框架将现有的预测方法分为三个阶段，即波场测量、波场预测和波-运动映射。它确定了四个主要的模型类别：波浪预测、水动力、自适应滤波和历史数据驱动模型。值得注意的是，这种结构澄清了不同方法的功能角色，并解决了长期存在的分类歧义。此外，对2015-2025年文献的文献计量分析表明，研究活动越来越多地转向以数据为中心的方法。事实上，历史数据驱动模型的出版物从2015年的8篇增加到2024年的39篇，对应的复合年增长率（CAGR）约为20%，而自适应滤波模型的增长更快，从5篇增加到32篇，复合年增长率约为25%。相比之下，波浪预报模型呈现温和增长，从2个增加到峰值15个，然后下降到11个，而水动力模型研究保持相对稳定，每年发表0-7篇。比较性能分析表明，没有一个模型在预测精度、预测范围、可解释性和实时适用性等关键标准上始终优于其他模型。相反，VSTP的未来发展可能依赖于多模型融合、改进的海浪传感技术、极端海况的数据增强和不确定性感知预测，所有这些对于在安全关键的海上作业中可靠部署至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

On the role of long-term seawater exposure in the response of air-backed composites to hydrodynamic loading: An experimental study 长期海水暴露对气背复合材料水动力响应的影响：一项实验研究

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, OCEAN

Applied Ocean Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.apor.2026.104943

Nicco Ulbricht , Birendra Chaudhary , Jana Awadalla , Helio Matos , Maurizio Porfiri

Fiber-reinforced polymer composites are widely used in naval applications due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and resistance to corrosion. However, their long-term behavior under seawater exposure and dynamic loading remains elusive. Despite extensive research on pristine composites, few studies have examined the dynamic behavior of seawater-degraded fiber-reinforced polymer composites. Here, we investigate the influence of long-term seawater degradation on the dynamic response of fiberglass epoxy plates subjected to hydrodynamic loading in an air-backed configuration, mimicking the response to wave slamming or underwater explosions. The fiberglass epoxy plates were weathered in artificial seawater under accelerated conditions for up to eight weeks. Using three-dimensional digital image correlation and planar particle image velocimetry, we capture the coupled structural dynamics and flow physics of air-backed loading. Our results show that seawater degradation results in a significant reduction in stiffness, evidenced by larger displacements and a corresponding reduction in the hydrodynamic loading during the initial phase of the plate’s oscillation. These findings advance the understanding of fluid–structure interactions in seawater-weathered composites and underscore the importance of accounting for environmental degradation in the design of naval structures.

纤维增强聚合物复合材料因其高强度重量比和耐腐蚀性能而广泛应用于舰船。然而，它们在海水暴露和动力载荷下的长期行为仍然是难以捉摸的。尽管对原始复合材料进行了广泛的研究，但很少有研究对海水降解纤维增强聚合物复合材料的动态行为进行研究。在这里，我们研究了长期海水降解对玻璃纤维环氧树脂板在气背结构下受水动力载荷的动力响应的影响，模拟了波浪撞击或水下爆炸的响应。玻璃纤维环氧板在人工海水中加速风化长达8周。利用三维数字图像相关技术和平面粒子图像测速技术，捕捉了气背载荷的耦合结构动力学和流动物理特性。我们的研究结果表明，海水退化会导致刚度的显著降低，这可以通过更大的位移和相应的板振荡初始阶段水动力载荷的减少来证明。这些发现促进了对海水风化复合材料中流体-结构相互作用的理解，并强调了在船舶结构设计中考虑环境退化的重要性。

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引用次数: 0