Archives of oral biology最新文献_第9页

Effects of icariin on dental pulp stem cells and its potential applications in dentin repair 冰片素对牙髓干细胞的影响及其在牙本质修复中的潜在应用。

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Archives of oral biology

Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106112

Ahmed Elhakim , Ukseong Kim , Euiseong Kim , Sukjoon Lee , Jong-Min Lee , Han-Sung Jung , Sunil Kim

Objectives

As dental pulp therapy evolves towards regenerative approaches, biomolecules such as icariin, derived from Epimedium flowers, are being evaluated for their therapeutic potential. This study investigates icariin's effectiveness in promoting odontogenic differentiation in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) in vitro and as a pulp-capping agent in vivo.

Design

The study explored the effects of icariin on hDPSCs at concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 µM. Cell viability and migration assays were conducted to evaluate cytotoxicity and chemotaxis. Odontogenic differentiation was assessed using alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red S (ARS) staining, complemented by real-time PCR and Western blot analyses of key markers such as RUNX family transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1), alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP). Additionally, the in vivo effects of icariin were tested in a rat maxillary molar model, where icariin-treated collagen sponges were used for direct pulp capping to evaluate its potential to induce reparative dentin formation.

Results

Icariin showed no cytotoxic effects on hDPSCs at any tested concentration, enhanced migratory activity in a dose-dependent manner, and significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition. Gene and protein expression analyses revealed a dose-dependent increase in odontogenic differentiation markers in icariin-treated hDPSCs. In vivo, icariin effectively promoted reparative dentin formation in exposed rat pulp.

Conclusions

Icariin enhances odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs and has promising potential as a pulp-capping agent for vital pulp therapy.

目的：随着牙髓治疗向再生方法发展，从淫羊藿花卉中提取的生物大分子（如冰片苷）的治疗潜力正在接受评估。本研究调查了冰片在体外促进人牙髓干细胞（hDPSCs）牙源分化以及在体内作为牙髓覆盖剂的有效性：本研究探讨了浓度为 10、20 和 40 µM 的冰片花素对 hDPSCs 的影响。通过细胞活力和迁移试验来评估细胞毒性和趋化性。使用碱性磷酸酶染色和茜素红 S（ARS）染色评估牙源性分化，并对 RUNX 家族转录因子 2（RUNX2）、胶原 I 型α1 链（COL1A1）、碱性磷酸酶（APL）和牙本质纤溶磷蛋白（DSPP）等关键标记物进行实时 PCR 和 Western 印迹分析。此外，还在大鼠上颌磨牙模型中测试了伊卡丽素的体内效应，使用伊卡丽素处理过的胶原海绵直接覆盖牙髓，以评估其诱导修复性牙本质形成的潜力：结果：在任何测试浓度下，淫羊藿苷都不会对 hDPSCs 产生细胞毒性作用，它能以剂量依赖性方式增强迁移活性，并显著提高碱性磷酸酶活性和钙沉积。基因和蛋白质表达分析表明，经冰醋酸处理的 hDPSCs 中牙本质分化标记物的增加呈剂量依赖性。在体内，冰片素能有效促进暴露的大鼠牙髓中修复性牙本质的形成：淫羊藿苷增强了 hDPSCs 的牙本质分化，有望作为一种牙髓覆盖剂用于牙髓治疗。

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引用次数: 0

DNA damage and cell death in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells: The potential biological effects of cannabidiol 人类口腔鳞状细胞癌细胞的 DNA 损伤和细胞死亡：大麻二酚的潜在生物效应。

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Archives of oral biology

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106110

Monia Billi , Stefano Pagano , Gian Luca Pancrazi , Chiara Valenti , Stefano Bruscoli , Alessandro Di Michele , Marta Febo , Francesco Grignani , Lorella Marinucci

Objective

The present study examined the in vitro effects on oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (HSC-3) of cannabidiol (CBD), the main chemical component of Cannabis, proposed as a novel adjuvant therapy in the treatment of cancers.

Design

Cell viability (MTT assay), morphology (SEM), apoptosis and cell cycle (flow cytometry), and DNA damage (phospho-γ-H2AX immunofluorescence) were evaluated. Cytotoxicity was evaluated with concentrations between 100 µM and 1 µM, and two concentrations were selected for subsequent analysis: 25 µM, as toxic dose, and 6.25 µM, as non-toxic.

Results

CBD caused a dose- and time-dependent reduction in viability of 64 %, 96 %, and 99 % with 25 µM, 50 µM and 100 µM, respectively, after 72 h (p < 0.001), cell cycle arrest in G0-G1 phase with increased apoptosis in particular at 72 h for 25 µM (p < 0.001), significant morphological alterations with 25 µM, still present even at 6.25 µM, and significantly increased cell damage considering a significant increase in the percentage of highly positive cells (5 phosphorylated γH2AX foci), which is around 29 % for 25 µM and 19 % for 6.25 µM after 24 h.

Conclusions

CBD inhibits oral cancer growth causing DNA damage. In general, induced cell cytotoxicity appears to be dose- and time-related. Doses of CBD ≥25 μM showed a high reduction in viability. CBD could possibly represent a new therapeutic molecule for its cytotoxic effects against oral squamous cell carcinoma. The mechanism involved in the suppressive effect caused by CBD needs further investigation.

研究目的本研究探讨了大麻二酚（CBD）对口腔鳞状细胞癌细胞（HSC-3）的体外影响，大麻二酚是大麻的主要化学成分，被认为是治疗癌症的一种新型辅助疗法：设计：评估细胞活力（MTT 试验）、形态（SEM）、凋亡和细胞周期（流式细胞术）以及 DNA 损伤（phospho-γ-H2AX 免疫荧光）。细胞毒性的评估浓度为 100 µM 至 1 µM，并选择了两个浓度进行后续分析：25 µM（有毒剂量）和 6.25 µM（无毒剂量）：72小时后，25 µM、50 µM和100 µM的CBD分别导致64%、96%和99%的存活率下降（p < 0.001），细胞周期停滞在G0-G1期，细胞凋亡增加，特别是在72小时后，25 µM的细胞凋亡增加（p < 0.001），25 µM时细胞形态发生明显改变，即使在6.25 µM时也是如此，细胞损伤显著增加，因为高阳性细胞（5个磷酸化γH2AX病灶）的百分比显著增加，24小时后，25 µM时约为29%，6.25 µM时约为19%：结论：CBD 可抑制口腔癌的生长，造成 DNA 损伤。一般来说，诱导的细胞毒性似乎与剂量和时间有关。CBD ≥25 μM 的剂量可显著降低细胞活力。CBD可能是一种新的治疗分子，它对口腔鳞状细胞癌具有细胞毒性作用。CBD产生抑制作用的机制有待进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Melanoma-inhibiting activity promotes the migration and odontoblastic differentiation of stem cells of apical papilla 黑色素瘤抑制活性可促进根尖乳头干细胞的迁移和牙骨质分化。

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Archives of oral biology

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106109

Huihui Ren , Qingxuan Zhao , Nan Wang , Xiaojing Yuan , Rui Song , Quan Wen , Yuming Zhao

Objective

Melanoma Inhibitory Activity (MIA) has been predominantly studied in the context of melanoma and cartilage development. However, its role in dental pulp development and stem cell behavior remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the expression pattern of MIA in dental pulp tissues and its potential role in the proliferation, migration, and odontoblastic differentiation of stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs).

Design

MIA expression in human pulp tissue was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. SCAPs were cultured in normal and mineralization induction media, with MIA levels monitored via RT-qPCR and Western blot. Cell proliferation was evaluated using the CCK8 assay, while transwell and cell scratch assays were conducted to examine cell migration. The effect of MIA on odontoblastic differentiation was examined by qRT-PCR, Alkaline phosphatase activity assay, and Western blot. siRNA was used to knock down MIA to investigate its effect. A mouse subcutaneous implantation model was used to assess whether MIA promotes odontoblastic differentiation in vivo.

Results

MIA expression was observed in the papilla and odontoblasts layer of the developing pulp. In vitro, MIA expression increased during SCAPs differentiation and was found to significantly enhance migration, and odontoblastic differentiation but not proliferation. Gene knockdown experiments confirmed MIA’s pivotal role in promoting SCAPs migration and differentiation. In vivo, MIA facilitated the formation of dentin-like structures and enhanced pulp-dentin complex regeneration.

Conclusion

MIA plays a crucial role in SCAPs’ migration and differentiation, suggesting its potential application in pulp-dentin regeneration therapies. Further studies are required to fully elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

目的：黑色素瘤抑制活性（MIA）主要是在黑色素瘤和软骨发育的背景下进行研究的。然而，它在牙髓发育和干细胞行为中的作用在很大程度上仍未得到探索。本研究调查了MIA在牙髓组织中的表达模式及其在牙髓根尖乳头干细胞（SCAPs）的增殖、迁移和牙髓分化中的潜在作用：设计：通过免疫组化方法证实 MIA 在人类牙髓组织中的表达。在正常培养基和矿化诱导培养基中培养SCAPs，通过RT-qPCR和Western印迹监测MIA水平。细胞增殖采用 CCK8 试验进行评估，细胞迁移则采用跨孔试验和细胞划痕试验进行检测。通过 qRT-PCR、碱性磷酸酶活性检测和 Western 印迹检测了 MIA 对骨骺分化的影响。用小鼠皮下植入模型评估MIA是否促进了体内颌骨的分化：结果：在发育中的牙髓乳头和牙本质层观察到了MIA的表达。在体外，MIA的表达在SCAPs分化过程中增加，并被发现能显著促进迁移和牙本质分化，但不能促进增殖。基因敲除实验证实了 MIA 在促进 SCAPs 迁移和分化中的关键作用。在体内，MIA 促进了牙本质样结构的形成，并增强了牙髓-牙本质复合体的再生能力：结论：MIA 在 SCAPs 的迁移和分化中起着关键作用，这表明它有可能应用于牙髓-牙本质再生疗法。结论：MIA 对 SCAPs 的迁移和分化起着关键作用，这表明它有可能应用于牙髓-牙本质再生疗法。

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引用次数: 0

Vitamin D serum levels and temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis 维生素 D 血清水平与颞下颌关节紊乱：系统回顾与荟萃分析。

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Archives of oral biology

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106108

Reza Tabrizi , Hooman Khanzadeh , Seyed Sepehr Mirebeigi Jamasbi , Fatemeh Rezaei , Ali Azadi

Objective

This systematic review evaluates the connection between vitamin D serum levels, deficiency, and temporomandibular disorders (TMD), offering a meta-analysis of the existing evidence in this domain.

Design

The Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Pubmed databases were searched for human studies concerning the connection between vitamin D and TMD comprising a control group. A random-effect model with forest plots was used for vitamin D serum levels mean difference (MD), vitamin D deficiency odds ratio (OR), and risk difference (RD) between subjects with and without TMD. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on ethnicity, overall risk of bias, TMD diagnosis method, and study designs. A p-value lower than 0.05 was considered significant. The certainty of the meta-evidence was evaluated according to the GRADE approach.

Results

Of the 2621 identified unique records, 15 studies were included in the study, eight of which were considered for the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed a significant vitamin D deficiency OR (3.85; 95 % CI: 2.35 – 5.43; Certainty: Low) and RD (22 %; 95 % CI: 11 % - 32 %; Certainty: Very low), and vitamin D serum levels MD (-5.03 ng/mL; 95 % CI: −9.92 – −0.13; Certainty: Very low) between subjects with and without TMD. Among subgroup analyses, only the difference in vitamin D MD between Middle Eastern and European patients was significant (P < 0.01).

Conclusion

Considering the low to very low certainty of the evidence, vitamin D serum levels are significantly lower, and vitamin D deficiency is significantly more prevalent in TMD patients.

目的：本系统综述评估了维生素 D 血清水平、缺乏症和颞下颌关节紊乱症（TMD）之间的关系，并提供了该领域现有证据的荟萃分析：本系统综述评估了维生素 D 血清水平、缺乏症和颞下颌关节紊乱症（TMD）之间的联系，并对该领域的现有证据进行了荟萃分析：设计：在 Scopus、ISI Web of Science 和 Pubmed 数据库中搜索了有关维生素 D 与 TMD 之间关系的人类研究，其中包括一个对照组。对患有和未患有 TMD 的受试者之间的维生素 D 血清水平平均差 (MD)、维生素 D 缺乏症几率比 (OR) 和风险差 (RD) 采用了带森林图的随机效应模型。根据种族、总体偏倚风险、TMD 诊断方法和研究设计进行了分组分析。P 值低于 0.05 即为显著。根据 GRADE 方法对元证据的确定性进行了评估：在已识别的 2621 条唯一记录中，有 15 项研究被纳入研究，其中 8 项被考虑进行荟萃分析。荟萃分析显示，有 TMD 和没有 TMD 的受试者之间存在显著的维生素 D 缺乏 OR（3.85；95 % CI：2.35 - 5.43；确定性：低）和 RD（22 %；95 % CI：11 % - 32 %；确定性：极低），以及维生素 D 血清水平 MD（-5.03 ng/mL；95 % CI：-9.92 - 0.13；确定性：极低）。在亚组分析中，只有中东和欧洲患者的维生素 D MD 差异显著（P < 0.01）：考虑到证据的确定性较低至很低，TMD 患者的维生素 D 血清水平明显较低，维生素 D 缺乏症的发病率明显较高。

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引用次数: 0

Interaction between polymorphisms in TNF-⍺ and RANKL genes is associated with the development of persistent apical periodontitis, in Brazilian subjects 在巴西受试者中，TNF-⍺和 RANKL 基因多态性之间的相互作用与持续性根尖牙周炎的发展有关。

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Archives of oral biology

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106106

Igor Bassi Ferreira Petean , Alice Corrêa Silva-Sousa , Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez , Francisco Wanderley Garcia de Paula-Silva , Erika Calvano Küchler , Leonardo Santos Antunes , Raquel Assed Bezerra Segato , Lea Assed Bezerra da Silva , Jardel Francisco Mazzi-Chaves , Fabiane Carneiro Lopes-Olhê , Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto

Objectives

To investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms in suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1), tumor necrosis factor-⍺ (TNF-α) and its receptors 1 and 2 (TNFRSF1A and TNFRSF1B), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-b (RANK), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG), and persistent apical periodontitis (PAP).

Methods

Patients with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis at the time of non-surgical root canal treatment were followed up for at least one year. A total of 423 subjects were included, 172 with signs/symptoms of PAP and 251 with apical periodontitis healed. DNA was extracted from saliva and used for genotyping polymorphisms in SOCS1 (rs243327 and rs33977706), TNF-α (rs1800629), TNFRSF1A (rs1800693), TNFRSF1B (rs1061622), RANK (rs1805034), RANKL (rs1054016) and OPG (rs1032128) by real-time PCR. The frequency of genotypes and alleles was assessed using chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test and odds ratio. Interactions were also tested using multifactor dimensionality reduction (α = 5 %).

Results

In the polymorphism rs1800629 in TNF-α, carrying at least one A risk allele significantly decreased the risk to develop PAP (OR=0.47; 95 %CI: 0.28–0.79; p=0.004). For the polymorphism rs1054016 in RANKL carrying both T risk alleles significantly decreased the risk to develop PAP (OR=0.47; 95 %CI: 0.24–0.92; p=0.027). None of the other polymorphisms evaluated were associated with PAP (p>0.05). A strong interaction was observed among rs1800629, rs1061622 and rs1054016.

Conclusions

Genetic polymorphisms rs1800629 (TNF-α) and rs1054016 (RANKL) had a strong interaction and were associated with a lower risk to develop PAP.

目的研究细胞因子信号转导抑制因子-1（SOCS-1）、肿瘤坏死因子-237A(TNF-α)及其受体1和2（TNFRSF1A和TNFRSF1B）的遗传多态性之间的关联、核因子卡巴-b 受体激活剂（RANK）、核因子卡巴-B 受体激活剂配体（RANKL）和骨保护素（OPG）以及持续性根尖牙周炎（PAP）。研究方法对接受非手术根管治疗时出现牙髓坏死和根尖牙周炎的患者进行至少一年的随访。共纳入 423 名受试者，其中 172 人有牙髓坏死的迹象/症状，251 人的根尖牙周炎已痊愈。研究人员从唾液中提取 DNA，并通过实时 PCR 对 SOCS1（rs243327 和 rs33977706）、TNF-α（rs1800629）、TNFRSF1A（rs1800693）、TNFRSF1B（rs1061622）、RANK（rs1805034）、RANKL（rs1054016）和 OPG（rs1032128）的多态性进行基因分型。使用卡方检验或费雪精确检验和几率比验评估基因型和等位基因的频率。还使用多因素降维法（α = 5 %）对相互作用进行了测试：结果：在 TNF-α 的多态性 rs1800629 中，携带至少一个 A 风险等位基因可显著降低罹患 PAP 的风险（OR=0.47；95 %CI：0.28-0.79；p=0.004）。对于 RANKL 的多态性 rs1054016，携带两个 T 风险等位基因可明显降低罹患 PAP 的风险（OR=0.47；95 %CI：0.24-0.92；p=0.027）。所评估的其他多态性均与 PAP 无关（P>0.05）。在 rs1800629、rs1061622 和 rs1054016 之间观察到强烈的交互作用：结论：rs1800629（TNF-α）和rs1054016（RANKL）的基因多态性具有很强的交互作用，与较低的PAP发病风险相关。

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引用次数: 0

Antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of Thuja orientalis L. extract targeting cariogenic Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212: A combined in-vitro, in-silico study, and cytotoxicity screening 对致龋性粪肠球菌ATCC 29212的抗菌和抗生物膜潜力：体外、计算机研究和细胞毒性筛选

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Archives of oral biology

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106107

Khyati Koul , Ishwerpreet Kaur Jawanda , Thomson Soni , Kashish Madaan , Sunidhi Bhatt , Pranjali Singh , Divyani Sharma , Sonia Bhonchal Bhardwaj , Seema Kumari

Objectives

In this study, we explored the efficacy of methanolic extract of Thuja orientalis (TOME) as a novel antibacterial and antibiofilm agent against a cariogenic bacterium, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212.

Design

Antibacterial susceptibility studies were conducted and surface morphology analysis was performed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Antibiofilm activity was evaluated through both qualitative and quantitative biofilm inhibition assays and validated by microscopic analysis. In-silico molecular docking studies were conducted using the EDock server. The effectiveness of TOME was substantiated by biofilm model on dentin discs and cytotoxicity towards the HaCaT cell line was assessed using the MTT assay.

Results

TOME exhibited significant bactericidal activity with minimum inhibitory concentration of 12.5 mg/mL and additionally, it effectively compromised bacterial cell wall integrity. Qualitative, quantitative and microscopic studies depicted the inhibition of biofilm formation. TOME significantly impacted the production of extracellular polymeric substance and extracellular DNA. Molecular docking studies identified beta-caryophyllene as a potent inhibitor of the Enterococcal surface protein (Esp). Biofilm model depicted the reduction of bacterial load on dentin discs. Additionally, TOME showed reduced cytotoxicity on HaCaT cells, indicating its potential as a safe therapeutic agent.

Conclusion

These findings highlight TOME's promise for developing novel treatments for dental infections and biofilm-associated diseases. Further research should focus on isolating and characterizing the active compounds within TOME, particularly beta-caryophyllene, to elucidate their precise mechanisms of action.

目的：在本研究中，我们探讨了土加甲醇提取物（TOME）作为一种新型抗菌和抗生物膜剂对龋源细菌粪肠球菌ATCC 29212的作用。设计：进行抗菌敏感性研究，并用场发射扫描电镜（FESEM）进行表面形貌分析。通过定性和定量的生物膜抑制实验来评价抗菌膜的活性，并通过显微分析进行验证。利用EDock服务器进行了硅分子对接研究。通过牙本质盘生物膜模型验证了TOME的有效性，并采用MTT法评估了TOME对HaCaT细胞系的细胞毒性。结果：TOME具有显著的杀菌活性，最低抑菌浓度为12.5 mg/mL，并能有效破坏细菌细胞壁的完整性。定性、定量和显微研究描述了生物膜形成的抑制作用。TOME显著影响细胞外聚合物质和细胞外DNA的产生。分子对接研究发现-石竹烯是肠球菌表面蛋白（Esp）的有效抑制剂。生物膜模型描述了牙本质盘细菌负荷的减少。此外，TOME对HaCaT细胞的细胞毒性降低，表明其作为一种安全的治疗剂的潜力。结论：这些发现突出了TOME在开发牙齿感染和生物膜相关疾病的新疗法方面的前景。进一步的研究应集中在分离和表征toma中的活性化合物，特别是-石竹烯，以阐明其确切的作用机制。

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引用次数: 0

Masticatory function and three-dimensional facial morphology of soft tissues: One year after orthognathic surgery 咀嚼功能和面部软组织的三维形态：正颌手术一年后

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Archives of oral biology

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106103

Joana Carolina Martins Simões , Denny Marcos Garcia , Francisco Veríssimo De Mello-Filho , Claudia Maria De Felício , Luciana Vitaliano Voi Trawitzki

Objective

Dentofacial deformities (DFD) require orthodontic treatment, orthognathic surgery, and speech therapy for aesthetic and functional problems. This longitudinal study analyzed changes in masticatory function and three-dimensional (3D) facial soft tissue in patients with Class II and Class III DFD after orthognathic surgery. In addition, the study investigated the relationship between facial measurements, maximum bite force (MBF), and orofacial myofunctional status (OMS).

Design

The sample consisted of 46 participants, including 10 patients with Class II DFD, and 11 patients with Class III DFD. These groups were assessed before (T0) and 6 months (T1) after surgery. Twelve patients who completed the treatment protocol were evaluated 12 months post-surgery (T2). The patient groups were compared with each other and with a control group (CG) of 25 healthy subjects. The participants underwent MBF and clinical evaluation of OMS, including masticatory behavior, using a validated protocol. The 3D facial soft tissue was assessed using laser scanning.

Results

Compared to the CG, DFD patients showed reduced MBF, masticatory behavior, and OMS scores at T0. At T2, there was an improvement in MBF, masticatory, and OMS scores, but differences were observed compared to the CG. Changes in facial soft tissue followed the underlying hard tissue movement resulting from surgery, and reduction of vertical measurements contributed to improvements in masticatory function.

Conclusion

These findings indicated that combined surgery, orthodontic treatment, and speech therapy can lead to a significant improvement in masticatory function and facial soft tissue in DFD patients, although not completely 12 months post-surgery.

目的：牙面畸形（DFD）需要通过正畸治疗、正颌手术和言语治疗来解决美观和功能问题。这项纵向研究分析了 II 级和 III 级 DFD 患者在正颌手术后咀嚼功能和三维（3D）面部软组织的变化。此外，该研究还调查了面部测量值、最大咬合力（MBF）和口面部肌功能状态（OMS）之间的关系：样本由 46 名参与者组成，包括 10 名 II 级 DFD 患者和 11 名 III 级 DFD 患者。这两组患者分别在手术前（T0）和手术后 6 个月（T1）接受评估。对完成治疗方案的 12 名患者进行了术后 12 个月（T2）的评估。患者组之间以及患者组与由 25 名健康人组成的对照组（CG）进行了比较。参试者接受了 MBF 和 OMS 临床评估，包括咀嚼行为，采用的是经过验证的方案。使用激光扫描技术对三维面部软组织进行了评估：结果：与CG相比，DFD患者在T0时的MBF、咀嚼行为和OMS评分均有所下降。T2时，MBF、咀嚼行为和OMS评分有所改善，但与CG相比仍有差异。面部软组织的变化与手术导致的潜在硬组织运动一致，垂直测量的减少有助于咀嚼功能的改善：这些研究结果表明，联合手术、正畸治疗和言语治疗可显著改善 DFD 患者的咀嚼功能和面部软组织，尽管在术后 12 个月仍未完全改善。

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引用次数: 0

Intriguing astrocyte responses in CA1 to reduced and rehabilitated masticatory function: Dorsal and ventral distinct perspectives in adult mice CA1中星形胶质细胞对咀嚼功能减退和恢复的反应耐人寻味：成年小鼠背侧和腹侧的不同视角

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Archives of oral biology

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106097

Micaele Maria Lopes Castro , Fabio Leite do Amaral Junior , Fabíola de Carvalho Chaves de Siqueira Mendes , Daniel Clive Anthony , Dora Maria Tuna de Oliveira Brites , Cristovam Wanderley Picanço Diniz , Marcia Consentino Kronka Sosthenes

Objective

We sought to investigate the plasticity of diet-induced changes in astrocyte morphology of stratum lacunosum-moleculare (SLM) in CA1.

Design

Three diet regimes were adopted in 15 mice, from the 21st postnatal day to 6 months. The first diet regimen was pellet feed, called Hard Diet (HD). The second, with reduced masticatory, received a pellet-diet followed by a powdered-diet, and it was identified as Hard Diet/Soft Diet (HD/SD). Finally, the group with rehabilitated masticatory was named Hard Diet/Soft Diet/Hard Diet (HD/SD/HD). In the end, euthanasia and brain histological processing were performed, in which astrocytic immunoreactivity to glial-fibrillary-acidic-protein (GFAP) was tested. In reconstructed astrocytes, morphometric analysis was performed.

Results

Astrocyte morphometric revealed that changes in masticatory regimens impact astrocyte morphology. In the dorsal CA1, switching from a hard diet to a soft diet led to reductions in most variables, whereas in the ventral, fewer variables were affected, highlighting regional differences in astrocyte responses. Cluster analysis further showed that diet-induced changes in astrocyte morphology were reversible in the dorsal region, but not in the ventral region, indicating a persistent impact on astrocyte diversity and complexity in the ventral even after rehabilitation. Correlation tests between astrocyte morphology and behavioral performance demonstrated disrupted relationships under masticatory stress, with effects persisting after rehabilitation.

Conclusion

Changes in the diet result in significant alterations in astrocyte morphology, suggesting a direct link between dietary modulation and cellular structure. Morphometric analyses revealed distinct alterations in astrocyte morphology in response to changes in the masticatory regimen, with both dorsal/ventral regions displaying notable changes. Moreover, the regional differential effects on astrocytes underscore the complexity of mastication on neuroplasticity and cognitive function.

目的我们试图研究饮食诱导的 CA1 腔隙层（SLM）星形胶质细胞形态变化的可塑性。设计我们对 15 只小鼠从出生后第 21 天到 6 个月采用了三种饮食方案。第一种饮食方案是颗粒饲料，称为硬质饮食（HD）。第二组小鼠咀嚼功能减退，先吃颗粒饲料，再吃粉末饲料，称为硬质饮食/软质饮食（HD/SD）。最后，咀嚼功能得到恢复的一组被命名为硬质饮食/软质饮食/硬质饮食（HD/SD/HD）。最后，进行安乐死和脑组织学处理，检测星形胶质细胞对神经纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）的免疫反应。结果星形胶质细胞形态计量学显示，咀嚼方式的改变会影响星形胶质细胞的形态。在背侧 CA1 中，从硬质饮食转为软质饮食会导致大多数变量的减少，而在腹侧，受影响的变量较少，这突显了星形胶质细胞反应的区域差异。聚类分析进一步表明，饮食诱导的星形胶质细胞形态变化在背侧区域是可逆的，但在腹侧区域则不可逆，这表明即使在康复后，星形胶质细胞的多样性和复杂性在腹侧仍会受到持续影响。星形胶质细胞形态与行为表现之间的相关性测试表明，在咀嚼应激下，两者之间的关系被破坏，康复后影响依然存在。形态计量学分析表明，星形胶质细胞形态随着咀嚼方式的改变而发生明显变化，背侧/腹侧区域均有显著变化。此外，对星形胶质细胞的区域性不同影响凸显了咀嚼对神经可塑性和认知功能的复杂性。

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引用次数: 0

Familial hypodontia in bronze age Northwest China (1046–771BC) 中国西北青铜时代（公元前 1046-771 年）的家族性牙齿发育不全。

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Archives of oral biology

Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106104

Yaohan Wu , Qiang Ma , Baiwei Han , Yuanyuan Shen , Shaoqing Wen

Objective

This research aimed to report hypodontia cases in a Middle Bronze Age high-tier cemetery in China and test the possible hereditary behind hypodontia by performing kinship tests on those individuals.

Design

In this study, dental anomalies were observed on a human skeletal sample (n = 45) uncovered from Yaoheyuan, China. Ancient DNA analysis was subsequently employed on a subsample of the Yaoheyuan individuals (n = 15), including individuals observed hypodontia and individuals randomly sampled from the cemetery for preliminary investigation on the cemetery demography. Kinship estimation tests (READ, TKGWV2, KIN, and F3 test) were subsequently employed.

Results

The Yaoheyuan elite population had a prevalence (n = 7, 15 %) of tooth agenesis in either the maxilla or mandible, with one to two teeth missing. All missing teeth were incisors, except for one individual missing maxillary second molar. Preliminary ancient DNA results indicate that several kinship groups existed among interred individuals, including those with hypodontia, indicating the hereditary origin of these cases.

Conclusions

The prevalence of hypodontia observed on site is high compared to that in both modern East Asian populations and archaeological samples in the Chinese population. The preliminary kinship analysis suggests a case of familial hypodontia. Ancient DNA analysis should be thoroughly conducted in future studies to understand the genetic markers contributing to those hypodontia cases among the Yaoheyuan individuals.

研究目的本研究旨在报告中国青铜时代中期高级墓地中的牙列不齐病例，并通过对这些个体进行亲缘关系测试，检验牙列不齐背后可能存在的遗传性：本研究在中国姚河源出土的人类骨骼样本（n = 45）中观察到牙齿异常。随后，对姚河源的一个子样本（n = 15）进行了古DNA分析，其中包括观察到的牙齿畸形个体，以及为初步调查墓地人口结构而从墓地随机取样的个体。随后采用了亲缘关系估计检验（READ、TKGWV2、KIN和F3检验）：姚河源精英人群的上颌或下颌普遍存在牙齿缺失（n = 7，15%），缺失牙齿数量在 1 到 2 颗之间。除了一颗上颌第二臼齿缺失外，所有缺失的牙齿都是门牙。初步的古 DNA 检测结果表明，被埋葬者（包括牙齿缺失者）之间存在多个亲属群体，这表明这些病例具有遗传性：结论：与现代东亚人群和中国人群的考古样本相比，现场观察到的齿列不齐发生率较高。初步的亲缘关系分析表明这是一例家族性牙齿发育不全。在今后的研究中，应该对古DNA进行深入分析，以了解导致姚河源人牙齿发育不全的遗传标记。

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引用次数: 0

Metabolomic insights into idiopathic xerostomia: The central role of caffeine metabolism in salivary biochemistry 代谢组学对特发性口腔干燥症的启示：咖啡因代谢在唾液生物化学中的核心作用

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Archives of oral biology

Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106102

Feifei Hou , Yuan Cui , Lu Ye , Fangman Chen , Chuanji Wu , Yang Meng , Peiyang Yuan , Xuemei Qiu , Xiaodong Feng , Lu Jiang

Objective

This study aims to delineate the salivary metabolomic profile of patients with idiopathic xerostomia using untargeted metabolomics techniques, with the goal of addressing the lack of clear diagnostic markers and providing insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of the condition.

Design

In this observational, cross-sectional study, saliva samples from 33 patients with idiopathic xerostomia and 34 healthy controls were analyzed using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF MS). Metabolomic profiling was complemented by multivariate statistical analysis to differentiate between affected individuals and controls.

Results

Metabolomic analysis delineated a pronounced differentiation between patients with idiopathic xerostomia and healthy controls. A total of 195 metabolites displayed significant differential expression, each with a variable importance in projection (VIP) greater than 1 and a P-value less than 0.05. Pathway enrichment analysis, according to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), identified 22 metabolites that participated in 18 distinct metabolic pathways. Among these, the caffeine metabolism pathway, characterized by notable alterations in impact values (VIP, P-value, Log2-fold change, Rich factor), emerged as the most significantly disrupted, underscoring its potential role in the pathophysiology of idiopathic xerostomia (P = 0.0000395).

Conclusions

The salivary metabolomic profiling revealed distinct alterations in idiopathic xerostomia, with a significant reduction in caffeine metabolism pathways, underscoring potential neuropathic involvement. This study advances our understanding of the metabolic alterations in xerostomia, suggesting that salivary metabolomics may offer viable biomarkers for diagnosing and understanding the etiology of idiopathic xerostomia. Future research should focus on therapeutic targeting of these metabolic disturbances and evaluating their reversibility with treatment.

目的本研究旨在利用非靶向代谢组学技术描述特发性口腔干燥症患者的唾液代谢组学特征，以解决缺乏明确诊断标志物的问题，并深入了解该病症的病理生理机制。设计在这项观察性横断面研究中，使用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱（UPLC-QTOF MS）分析了33名特发性口干症患者和34名健康对照者的唾液样本。代谢组分析辅以多元统计分析，以区分患者和对照组。共有 195 种代谢物显示出显著的差异表达，每种代谢物在预测中的可变重要性（VIP）均大于 1 且 P 值小于 0.05。根据《京都基因和基因组百科全书》（KEGG）进行的通路富集分析发现，有 22 种代谢物参与了 18 条不同的代谢通路。结论唾液代谢组学分析揭示了特发性口腔干燥症的明显改变，其中咖啡因代谢途径显著减少，突显了潜在的神经病理性参与。这项研究加深了我们对口腔干燥症代谢改变的了解，表明唾液代谢组学可为诊断和了解特发性口腔干燥症的病因提供可行的生物标记物。未来的研究应侧重于针对这些代谢紊乱的治疗，并评估其治疗后的可逆性。

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引用次数: 0