Aquaculture最新文献_第8页

Sub-chronic toxicity of ammonia nitrogen in juvenile hybrid sturgeon: Integrated assessment of histopathology and hematological responses 氨氮对杂交鲟幼鱼的亚慢性毒性：组织病理学和血液学反应的综合评估

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743470

Yuyang Fang , Yiran Mao , Yueping Zheng , Shanza Gul , Youji Wang , Menghong Hu

Ammonia nitrogen, identified as one of the predominant pollutants affecting water quality in aquaculture systems, to investigate the sub-chronic toxicity of ammonia nitrogen (TAN) on juvenile hybrid sturgeon (Huso dauricus ♀ × Acipenser schrenckii ♂), a 60-day gradient exposure experiment was conducted (0, 1, 2, and 4 mg/L TAN; 0.8 ± 0.2 μg/L, 13.91 ± 0.39 μg/L, 21.4 ± 0.3 μg/L, 82.0 ± 0.2 μg/L NH₃-N). Results revealed dose-dependent effects. At 4 mg/L TAN (82.0 ± 0.2 μg/L NH₃-N), gill lamellae exhibited significant deformation and increased spacing, impairing respiratory function. Blood biochemistry showed elevated uric acid (UA) at 4 mg/L TAN (82.0 ± 0.2 μg/L NH₃-N) (p < 0.05), while 2 mg/L TAN (21.4 ± 0.3 μg/L NH₃-N) caused reduced total cholesterol (CHOL) and triglycerides (TG) (p < 0.05), indicating lipid metabolism disruption and renal decline. Growth parameters remained unaffected (p > 0.05), but low concentrations (1–2 mg/L TAN; 13.91 ± 0.39–21.4 ± 0.3 μg/L NH₃-N) reduced the intestine-body ratio, suggesting intestinal dysfunction. However, hybrid sturgeon tolerated≤2 mg/L TAN (≤21.4 ± 0.3 μg/L NH₃-N), while the higher concentrations induced metabolic and histological damage. Based on the results, 1 mg/L of TAN (13.91 ± 0.39 μg/L NH₃-N) could be considered the safe concentration and is recommended for better health and normal physiological functions of sturgeons. Likewise, this study aids in water quality management for sturgeon aquaculture.

氨氮是影响水产养殖系统水质的主要污染物之一，为了研究氨氮（TAN）对杂交鲟幼鱼（Huso dauricus♀× Acipenser schrenckii♂）的亚慢性毒性，进行了60 d梯度暴露试验（0、1、2、4 mg/L TAN; 0.8±0.2 μg/L、13.91±0.39 μg/L、21.4±0.3 μg/L、82.0±0.2 μg/L NH₃-N）。结果显示剂量依赖效应。在4 mg/L TAN（82.0±0.2 μg/L NH₃-N）作用下，鳃片明显变形，间距增大，呼吸功能受损。血液生化显示，4 mg/L TAN（82.0±0.2 μg/L NH₃-N）时尿酸（UA）升高（p < 0.05），而2 mg/L TAN（21.4±0.3 μg/L NH₃-N）导致总胆固醇（CHOL）和甘油三酯（TG）降低（p < 0.05），表明脂质代谢紊乱和肾功能下降。生长参数没有受到影响（p > 0.05），但低浓度（1-2 mg/L TAN; 13.91±0.39-21.4±0.3 μg/L NH₃-N）降低了肠体比，表明肠道功能障碍。然而，杂交鲟耐受≤2 mg/L的TAN(≤21.4±0.3 μg/L NH₃-N)，而较高的浓度会引起代谢和组织损伤。根据上述结果，1 mg/L的TAN（13.91±0.39 μg/L NH₃-N）可以被认为是安全浓度，建议用于改善鲟鱼的健康和正常生理功能。同样，本研究有助于鲟鱼养殖的水质管理。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of chronic ammonia nitrogen stress on intestinal barrier function and microbial composition of Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) 慢性氨氮胁迫对中华鳖肠道屏障功能和微生物组成的影响

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743459

Yujie Ding , Fa Dai , Lujia Su , Qiuya Huang , Feinan Shen , Guoying Qian , Chutian Ge , Jiehao Xu

This study investigated the effects of chronic ammonia‑nitrogen stress (AS1: 2.2 mg NH₃/L; AS2: 4.4 mg NH₃/L) on the intestinal barrier function and gut microbiome of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (CSST, Pelodiscus sinensis). A 35-day non-ionic ammonia exposure significantly elevated serum ammonia (P < 0.001) and urea nitrogen (P < 0.001), with a more pronounced urea nitrogen increase in AS2. Aspartate aminotransferase activity rose significantly only in AS2 (P < 0.01). The intestinal mechanical and chemical barriers were compromised, evidenced by downregulated expression of Occludin (P < 0.001), ZO-1 (P < 0.001), MUC2 (P < 0.001), and LYZ-C (P < 0.001), and reduced goblet cell counts (P < 0.001), with no difference between AS1 and AS2. The NF-κB pathway was modulated, with P50 significantly suppressed in both groups (P < 0.01). Gut microbiota analysis revealed that alpha diversity (Chao1 index) was significantly reduced only in AS1, whereas beta diversity (PCoA) showed relative separation of both exposed groups from the control, with AS1 and AS2 clustering closely. Co-occurrence network analysis demonstrated that microbial interactions became more complex and connected in the AS2 group, indicated by increased nodes, edges, and average degree, suggesting enhanced microbial cooperation under high stress. Taxonomy analysis showed an increased Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, particularly in AS1, and a decline in beneficial genera. Functional prediction highlighted enrichment of stress-resistance pathways in both exposed groups. This study demonstrates that chronic ammonia stress disrupts intestinal barrier integrity, modulates immune signaling, and induces dose-dependent structural and functional dysbiosis in the gut microbiome of CSST. These findings thereby provide a theoretical foundation for optimizing aquaculture water quality management and disease prevention strategies.

研究了慢性氨氮胁迫（AS1: 2.2 mg NH3/L; AS2: 4.4 mg NH3/L）对华鳖肠道屏障功能和肠道微生物群的影响。35天的非离子型氨暴露显著提高了血清氨（P < 0.001）和尿素氮（P < 0.001），其中尿素氮在AS2中增加更为明显。谷草转氨酶活性仅在AS2组显著升高（P < 0.01）。肠道机械和化学屏障受损，Occludin （P < 0.001）、ZO-1 （P < 0.001）、MUC2 （P < 0.001）和LYZ-C （P < 0.001）表达下调，杯状细胞计数减少（P < 0.001）， AS1和AS2之间无差异。NF-κB通路受到调节，两组P50均显著降低（P < 0.01）。肠道微生物群分析显示，只有AS1组的α多样性（Chao1指数）显著降低，而β多样性（PCoA）与对照组相对分离，AS1和AS2紧密聚集。共现网络分析表明，微生物相互作用在AS2组中变得更加复杂和连接，表现为节点、边和平均度的增加，表明高应激下微生物的合作增强。分类学分析显示拟杆菌门/厚壁菌门比值增加，特别是在AS1，而有益属下降。功能预测强调了两个暴露组的应力抵抗通路的富集。本研究表明，慢性氨应激破坏肠道屏障完整性，调节免疫信号，并诱导CSST肠道微生物群的剂量依赖性结构和功能失调。这些研究结果为优化水产养殖水质管理和疾病预防策略提供了理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis of Byssal thread production, mechanical properties, and composition in diploid and triploid Mytilus edulis 二倍体和三倍体紫贻贝丝线产量、力学性能和成分的比较分析

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743469

Kevin Osterheld , John Davidson , Luc A. Comeau , Tiago Hori , José M.F. Babarro , Isabelle Marcotte , Alexandre A. Arnold , Christian Pellerin , Richard Saint-Louis , Réjean Tremblay

Mussel fall-off continues to pose a major challenge for suspension-culture farming, leading to substantial crop losses. Although studies on juvenile mussels (<30 mm) have indicated that triploids may exhibit enhanced byssal thread attachment and reduced fall-off, their performance in adult mussels remains insufficiently explored. In this study, we investigated the production, mechanical strength, biochemical composition, and structural features of byssal threads in diploid and triploid mussels of commercial size (>50 mm). We also calculated metabolic and filtration rates, as well as scope for growth. Our results revealed that triploid mussels produced 25 % more byssal threads with significantly enhanced mechanical properties. Triploid mussels conditioned at 20 °C exhibited a 48 % higher clearance rate, a 57 % greater scope for growth, and a 40 % stronger valve (breaking strength) compared to diploids. These findings suggest that triploid mussels over 50 mm have superior attachment strength relative to wild mussels, primarily due to increased thread production.

贻贝的脱落继续对悬浮养殖构成重大挑战，导致大量作物损失。尽管对幼贻贝（30毫米）的研究表明，三倍体可能表现出增强的足丝附着和减少脱落，但它们在成年贻贝中的表现仍未得到充分的探讨。在这项研究中，我们研究了二倍体和三倍体商业尺寸（>50 mm）贻贝的大丝线的生产、机械强度、生化成分和结构特征。我们还计算了代谢率和过滤率，以及生长空间。我们的研究结果表明，三倍体贻贝产生的丝线多25%，机械性能显著提高。在20°C条件下，三倍体贻贝的清除率比二倍体高48%，生长范围比二倍体大57%，阀门（断裂强度）比二倍体高40%。这些结果表明，与野生贻贝相比，50毫米以上的三倍体贻贝具有更强的附着强度，主要是由于螺纹产量增加。

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引用次数: 0

Metabolomic and transcriptomic insights into PUFA enrichment in hybrid scallops: Implications for nutritional enhancement and seafood quality 代谢组学和转录组学对杂交扇贝PUFA富集的研究：对营养增强和海鲜品质的影响

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743465

Jiaxi Chang , Junhao Zhang , Longfei Chu , Ancheng Liu , Xiaoxing Zhao , Zhaosong Xu , Baojun Zhao , Qifan Zeng , Jia Lv , Jian Liu , Chunde Wang , Qiang Xing , Zhenmin Bao

Scallops represent a premium marine source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), with hybrid varieties demonstrating superior nutritional profiles. Our integrated metabolomic-transcriptomic analysis of reciprocal hybrids (Argopecten irradians × A. purpuratus, IP and A. purpuratus × A. irradians, PI) revealed a significant expansion in both the content (∼2800 mg/100 g, heterosis >93 %) and the total mass of fatty acids (FA) per individual (> 800 mg/individual, heterosis >400 %). Notably, these hybrids showed a remarkable optimization of EPA + DHA (∼1100 mg/100 g, accounting for ∼40 % of FAs), making it easier to meet the daily nutritional intake. A strong positive correlation between free fatty acid (FFA) and total FA content (Pearson's r = 0.967, P < 0.05) indicated synergistic improvements in both nutritional quality and potential stress resilience in hybrids. The adductor muscle—the primary edible tissue—exhibited the highest PUFA proportion (∼65 %) among tissues with histological observations of abundant intermuscular lipid droplets, thereby enhancing its economic value. Notably, maternal inheritance shaped FA composition, while paternal sub-genomic expression revealed a dual mechanism for PUFA accumulation: upregulated mitochondria fatty acid biosynthetic genes (OXSM, HSD, HTD2, 1.6–2.5 folds) and cytoplasmic ACOT enhancing PUFA production, coupled with downregulated (0.0–0.9 folds) catabolic pathways (LA/ARA/EPA/DHA catabolism). Specifically, the coordinated induction of antioxidant systems (EPHX 3.9-folds, GPX4–1.8folds) enhanced oxidative stability—a determinant of seafood quality. Our findings support hybridization effectively produces omega-3-rich scallops and reveals molecular targets for enhanced shellfish aquaculture.

扇贝是多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）的优质海洋来源，杂交品种显示出优越的营养特征。我们对互反杂种（aropecten irradians × a . purpuratus， IP和a . purpuratus × a . irradians， PI）的综合代谢组学-转录组学分析显示，其含量（~ 2800 mg/100 g，杂种优势>； 93%）和个体脂肪酸总质量（>； 800 mg/个体，杂种优势>； 400%）均显著增加。值得注意的是，这些杂交种的EPA + DHA含量显著优化（约1100 mg/100 g，占FAs的约40%），使其更容易满足日营养摄入量。游离脂肪酸（FFA）与总FA含量呈显著正相关（Pearson’s r = 0.967, P < 0.05），表明杂交种的营养品质和潜在的逆境抵御能力均有协同提高。内收肌-主要的可食用组织-在组织中显示出最高的PUFA比例（~ 65%），组织学观察到丰富的肌间脂滴，从而提高了其经济价值。值得注意的是，母系遗传决定了FA的组成，而父系亚基因组表达揭示了PUFA积累的双重机制：线粒体脂肪酸生物合成基因（OXSM、HSD、HTD2, 1.6-2.5倍）和细胞质ACOT增强PUFA的产生，同时分解代谢途径（LA/ARA/EPA/DHA分解代谢）下调（0.0-0.9倍）。具体来说，抗氧化系统（EPHX 3.9倍，gpx4 - 1.8倍）的协同诱导增强了氧化稳定性，这是海产品质量的决定因素。我们的研究结果支持杂交有效地生产富含omega-3的扇贝，并揭示了增强贝类水产养殖的分子靶点。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated brain and testis transcriptomic analyses reveal the benefits of sandy environmental enrichment in Senegalese sole male (Solea senegalensis) reproduction 综合脑和睾丸转录组学分析揭示了沙质环境富集对塞内加尔独雄（塞内加尔独雄）生殖的益处

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743468

Elvira Fatsini , Sandra Ramos-Júdez , François Chauvigné , Joan Cerdà , Catarina Oliveira , Elsa Cabrita

This study investigates the effects of physical enrichment (sand substrate) on the gonadal development and transcriptomics of juvenile Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis). A total of 1500 fish were distributed into six outdoor fiberglass tanks, three of which included a 2 cm layer of sand to simulate physical enrichment. Throughout a two-year study, the fish were sampled at four intervals, corresponding to developmental stages ranging from juvenile, pre-pubertal to adult. Blood, testis, and brain tissues were collected at each sampling point to analyse hormonal profiles (estradiol, testosterone, follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones) and gene expression. Histological analysis of testicular tissue was used to assess the germ cell development stages, while RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to evaluate the impact of physical enrichment on transcriptomic profiles in both the brain and testes. Sandy environmental enrichment is associated with increased testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels. Bioinformatics analysis identified differentially expressed genes (DETs) associated with reproduction, immune response, and metabolism. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated that important terms and pathways associated with the process of spermatogenesis, cognition and metabolism where differentially enriched between males maintained in sand and fiberglass. These results provided new insights into how environmental enrichment influences reproductive physiology and molecular mechanisms in cultured Senegalese sole from very early stages.

本研究探讨了物理富集（沙底物）对塞内加尔鳎幼鱼性腺发育和转录组学的影响。共有1500条鱼被分配到6个室外玻璃纤维水箱中，其中3个水箱中有一层2厘米的沙子来模拟物理富集。在为期两年的研究中，研究人员分四个阶段对这些鱼进行取样，分别对应于从幼年、青春期前到成年的发育阶段。在每个采样点采集血液、睾丸和脑组织，分析激素谱（雌二醇、睾酮、促卵泡激素和促黄体激素）和基因表达。睾丸组织的组织学分析用于评估生殖细胞发育阶段，而RNA测序（RNA-seq）用于评估物理富集对大脑和睾丸转录组谱的影响。沙质环境富集与睾酮和黄体生成素水平升高有关。生物信息学分析确定了与生殖、免疫反应和代谢相关的差异表达基因（DETs）。GO和KEGG富集分析表明，与精子发生、认知和代谢过程相关的重要术语和途径在沙和玻璃纤维中存在差异富集。这些结果为环境富集如何影响塞内加尔鳎早期的生殖生理和分子机制提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of dietary vitamin C supplementation on the homeostasis of aquaponic systems in iron-enriched environment 饲粮补充维生素C对富铁环境下水培系统稳态的影响

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743445

Jin-Jiang Yan , Xiao-Long Luo , Rauan Abdessan , Xiao-Xiao Zhang , Meruyert Zhumanova , Hong Ji

Aquaponics often faces iron deficiency, yet iron excess jeopardizes fish health. To investigate whether vitamin C (VC) can mitigate iron-induced oxidative stress and tissue damage via its antioxidant properties, a 50-day experiment was conducted using diets with graded VC levels (0–1080 mg/kg) in a mirror carp-lettuce aquaponic system under iron-enriched conditions. Results showed that VC supplementation at 120–360 mg/kg significantly improved fish growth, crude protein content, and lettuce biomass (P < 0.05). The VC360 group exhibited the highest activities of keydigestive enzymes (P < 0.05). Furthermore, VC ameliorated histopathological changes in the intestine, gill, and liver, improved water quality, and alleviated oxidative stress, as evidenced by reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and elevated total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary VC at 120–360 mg/kg effectively alleviates iron-induced oxidative stress and tissue damage, thereby enhancing system productivity and stability through improved digestive metabolism, tissue health, and water quality.

鱼菜共生经常面临缺铁的问题，而过量的铁会危害鱼的健康。为了研究维生素C （VC）是否能通过其抗氧化特性减轻铁诱导的氧化应激和组织损伤，在富铁条件下，在镜鱼-生菜水培系统中进行了为期50天的试验，试验饲料中VC水平为0 ~ 1080 mg/kg。结果表明，饲粮中添加120 ~ 360 mg/kg的VC显著提高了鱼体生长、粗蛋白质含量和生菜生物量（P < 0.05）。VC360组关键消化酶活性最高（P < 0.05）。此外，VC改善了肠、鳃和肝脏的组织病理学改变，改善了水质，缓解了氧化应激，这可以通过降低丙二醛（MDA）和提高总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）来证明（P < 0.05）。综上所述，饲粮VC水平为120 ~ 360 mg/kg，可有效缓解铁诱导的氧化应激和组织损伤，通过改善消化代谢、组织健康和水质，提高系统生产力和稳定性。

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引用次数: 0

Integrating geometric morphometrics and GWAS to reveal the genetic basis of body shape variation in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) 结合几何形态计量学和GWAS揭示大黄鱼体型变异的遗传基础

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743455

Wei Liu , Yuhang Wang , Miaosheng Feng , Jiaying Wang , Junjia Zeng , Yacheng Deng , Fei Pu , Ning Li , Peng Xu

Consumer preference for slender-bodied large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) has made body shape an economically important trait in aquaculture. In this study, we integrated geometric morphometrics and genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) to investigate the genetic architecture of body shape variation in large yellow croaker. A composite morphological index combining caudal peduncle height and condition factor effectively classified individuals into two distinct morphotypes: slender (SL) and stout (ST). Geometric morphometric analyses confirmed significant shape differences between SL and ST individuals across age groups. Notably, SL fish exhibited significantly higher critical swimming speeds than ST fish, likely due to their more streamlined body profiles and thinner trunks. GWAS using the binary trait identified multiple significant SNPs on chromosome 17 in the male population, leading to the detection of 54 candidate genes. Among them, tmem38b, ric1, sema4d, tbx3, herc1, grp, and pgam2 are potentially involved in skeletal development and may contribute to the observed body shape divergence. Functional enrichment further highlighted pathways related to cell signaling, morphogenesis, and amino acid metabolism. These findings offer novel insights into the genetic basis of body shape variation in large yellow croaker and provide valuable markers for future marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.

消费者对体型纤细的大黄鱼（Larimichthys crocea）的偏好使体型成为水产养殖中一个重要的经济特征。本研究采用几何形态计量学和全基因组关联分析（GWAS）相结合的方法研究了大黄鱼体型变异的遗传结构。结合尾柄高度和条件因子的复合形态指数有效地将个体分为细长型（SL）和粗壮型（ST）两种不同的形态型。几何形态计量学分析证实，不同年龄组的SL和ST个体之间存在显著的形状差异。值得注意的是，SL鱼比ST鱼表现出更高的临界游泳速度，这可能是由于它们更流线型的身体轮廓和更薄的躯干。GWAS利用二元性状在男性群体的17号染色体上发现了多个显著snp，从而检测到54个候选基因。其中，tmem38b、ric1、sema4d、tbx3、herc1、grp和pgam2可能参与骨骼发育，并可能导致观察到的体型差异。功能富集进一步强调了与细胞信号传导、形态发生和氨基酸代谢相关的途径。这些发现为大黄鱼体型变异的遗传基础提供了新的见解，并为未来的育种计划中的标记辅助选择提供了有价值的标记。

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引用次数: 0

Cardiac transcriptomic analysis of thermal stress and recovery reveals dynamic metabolic regulation in the Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri) 热应激和恢复的心脏转录组学分析揭示了致孔扇贝（Chlamys farreri）的动态代谢调节

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743464

Shaoxuan Wu , Danyang Wang , Xiangfu Kong , Xinghai Zhu , Zujing Yang , Lisui Bao , Yangfan Wang , Jingjie Hu , Zhenmin Bao

Ongoing global warming and the increasing frequency of marine heatwaves have posed substantial challenges to the shellfish industry. Identifying genes associated with heat tolerance is crucial for breeding thermally resilient varieties. The Arrhenius breakpoint temperature (ABT), derived from cardiac function analysis, has been widely applied as a reliable indicator of heat tolerance in bivalves. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this trait remain poorly understood, particularly in the Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri), an economically important species in China. This study investigated the response of scallop hearts to heat stress and recovery by assessing antioxidant capacity, cardiac morphology, and transcriptomic profiles. We found that antioxidant enzyme activities peaked at ABT but declined sharply following heart failure. Despite this impairment, cardiac function exhibited significant recovery within seven days. Cardiac transcriptomic profiling revealed that the initial heat stress response in Zhikong scallops is characterized by immune activation rather than metabolic adjustment; however, subsequent cardiac dysfunction is primarily driven by energy deficiency, prompting a compensatory shift toward fatty acid oxidation and proteolysis. Notably, CfCTRB1-like was identified as a key gene closely linked to thermal tolerance in Zhikong scallop. RNA interference of this gene markedly reduced the heat tolerance of C. farreri, confirming its functional role in thermoregulation. Collectively, these findings provide novel mechanistic insights and identify a potential molecular biomarker for heat tolerance, offering valuable resources for the selective breeding of thermotolerant scallop varieties.

持续的全球变暖和日益频繁的海洋热浪给贝类产业带来了巨大的挑战。鉴定与耐热性相关的基因对于培育耐热品种至关重要。阿累尼乌斯断点温度（Arrhenius breakpoint temperature， ABT）是由心功能分析得出的，作为双壳类动物耐热性的可靠指标，得到了广泛的应用。然而，这一特性背后的分子机制尚不清楚，特别是在中国具有重要经济价值的物种—直孔扇贝（Chlamys farreri）中。本研究通过评估抗氧化能力、心脏形态和转录组谱来研究扇贝心脏对热应激和恢复的反应。我们发现抗氧化酶活性在ABT时达到峰值，但在心力衰竭后急剧下降。尽管有这种损伤，心脏功能在7天内明显恢复。心脏转录组学分析显示，致空扇贝的初始热应激反应以免疫激活而非代谢调节为特征；然而，随后的心功能障碍主要是由能量缺乏引起的，促使代偿性转向脂肪酸氧化和蛋白质水解。值得注意的是，CfCTRB1-like被鉴定为知空扇贝耐热性密切相关的关键基因。该基因的RNA干扰显著降低了法利梭菌的耐热性，证实了其在体温调节中的功能作用。总的来说，这些发现提供了新的机制见解，并确定了潜在的耐热性分子生物标志物，为耐热扇贝品种的选择性育种提供了宝贵的资源。

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引用次数: 0

Regulatory effects of dietary lipid sources on growth, physiological responses, fatty acid composition, and lipid metabolism in juvenile silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) 饲料脂肪源对银鲳鱼幼鱼生长、生理反应、脂肪酸组成和脂质代谢的调节作用

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743456

Xuran Liu , Wenli Zhao , Yangguang Bao , Yixin Gu , Shunshun Tao , Óscar Monroig , Juan Carlos Navarro , Tingting Zhu , Peng Sun , Qicun Zhou , Min Jin

A 70-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate how different dietary lipid sources affect growth performance, physiological status, fatty acid deposition, and hepatic lipid metabolism in juvenile silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) (initial weight: 2.92 ± 0.07 g). Four experimental diets, equal in protein and lipid content, incorporated fish oil (FO), palm oil (PO), soybean oil (SO), and linseed oil (LO) as the main lipid source, respectively. FO and LO-fed fish achieved significantly greater final body weight (FW), weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), and feeding efficiency (FE) than those in fish fed PO. PO markedly elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities while lowering glucose (GLU) level, suggesting hepatic impairment. PO also significantly reduced lipid content in both liver and muscle. Fatty acid profiles in tissues closely reflected dietary composition, with FO enhancing n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) accumulation, SO and LO enriching n-6 and α-linolenic acid (ALA), respectively. Ultrastructural analysis revealed intact mitochondria and lipid droplets in FO, SO, and LO groups, while PO induced mitochondrial damage. SO upregulated lipogenetic metabolism genes (srebp-1c, accα, fas, and g6pd) expressions, while LO and PO upregulated lipolysis-related genes (pparα, lpl, atgl, and hsl) expressions. Overall, these results validate that dietary lipid sources influence the growth and hepatic health of silver pomfret by modulating fatty acid profiles, liver ultrastructure, and lipid metabolic pathways, with FO identified as the most favorable source for optimal growth and liver health in silver pomfret.

本试验旨在研究不同饲料脂肪源对银鲳鱼幼鱼（初始体重：2.92±0.07 g）生长性能、生理状态、脂肪酸沉积和肝脏脂质代谢的影响。4种蛋白质和脂肪含量相等的试验饲粮，分别以鱼油（FO）、棕榈油（PO）、大豆油（SO）和亚麻籽油（LO）为主要脂肪源。鱼油和鱼油的最终体重（FW）、增重（WG）、特定生长率（SGR）和摄食效率（FE）均显著高于鱼油。PO显著提高血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）活性，降低葡萄糖（GLU）水平，提示肝功能损害。PO还显著降低了肝脏和肌肉的脂质含量。组织中脂肪酸分布与饲料组成密切相关，鱼油促进了n-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LC-PUFAs）的积累，鱼油和鱼油分别丰富了n-6和α-亚麻酸（ALA）。超微结构分析显示，鱼油组、大豆油组和鱼油组线粒体和脂滴完整，而鱼油组线粒体损伤。SO上调脂质代谢基因（srebp-1c、accα、fas和g6pd）表达，LO和PO上调脂质代谢相关基因（pparα、lpl、atgl和hsl）表达。综上所述，这些结果验证了饲料中脂肪源通过调节脂肪酸谱、肝脏超微结构和脂质代谢途径来影响鲳鱼的生长和肝脏健康，其中鱼油被认为是鲳鱼最佳生长和肝脏健康的最有利来源。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the potential environmental impacts of land-based salmon farming in Iceland through life cycle assessment 通过生命周期评估评估冰岛陆上鲑鱼养殖的潜在环境影响

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture

Pub Date : 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743461

Clara M. Vásquez-Mejía , María Gudjónsdóttir , Hildur Inga Sveinsdóttir , Alessandro Manzardo , Ólafur Ögmundarson

Salmon farming has a low feed conversion ratio and provides high-quality protein with relatively low environmental input. In Iceland, production is currently 45,000 t annually and is projected to reach 245,000 t by 2033, over 30 % of which is expected from land-based systems. This study assessed the potential environmental impacts of land-based Atlantic salmon farming using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), with a functional unit of 1 t of salmon produced in land-based farms in Iceland in 2021. A hypothetical scenario investigated the avoided environmental burdens of utilizing the salmon manure as fertilizer based solely on its nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, instead of producing synthetic fertilizer. In addition, a sensitivity analysis tested four electricity mix scenarios: the default Ecoinvent Icelandic electricity mix (Scenario 0), an LCA-based Icelandic energy mix (Scenario 1), the residual mix accounting for Guarantees of Origin (GOs) certificates (Scenario 2), and the Ecoinvent European mix (Scenario 3). For Scenario 0, impacts per functional unit were: 1.4 t CO₂ eq (Global Warming Potential), 8 kg SO₂ eq (Terrestrial Acidification), 0.6 kg P eq (Freshwater Eutrophication), 582 m²a crop eq (Land Use), and 8659 m³ world eq (Water Scarcity Footprint). These results reflect relatively low environmental burdens compared to similar studies in other countries, largely due to Iceland's renewable energy. However, results from scenario 3 in the sensitivity analysis led to a GWP increase by 377 %, due to its large fossil-based composition. These results stress the importance of energy sourcing in shaping environmental outcomes and can guide impact reduction strategies for future land-based salmon farming in Iceland.

养殖鲑鱼饲料转化率低，环境投入相对较低，可提供优质蛋白质。在冰岛，目前的年产量为45,000吨，预计到2033年将达到24.5万吨，其中30%以上的产量预计来自陆基系统。本研究使用生命周期评估（LCA）评估了陆地大西洋鲑鱼养殖的潜在环境影响，其功能单位为2021年冰岛陆地养殖场生产的1吨鲑鱼。一个假设的场景调查了利用鲑鱼粪便作为肥料的避免环境负担，仅基于其氮、磷和钾的含量，而不是生产合成肥料。此外，敏感性分析测试了四种电力组合情景：默认的Ecoinvent冰岛电力组合（情景0）、基于lca的冰岛能源组合（情景1）、占原产地保证（GOs）证书的剩余组合（情景2）和Ecoinvent欧洲电力组合（情景3）。对于情景0，每个功能单位的影响为：1.4 t CO2当量（全球变暖潜势）、8 kg SO2当量（陆地酸化）、0.6 kg磷当量（淡水富营养化）、582 m2a作物当量（土地利用）和8659 m3世界当量（缺水足迹）。与其他国家的类似研究相比，这些结果反映出相对较低的环境负担，这主要归功于冰岛的可再生能源。然而，在敏感性分析中，情景3的结果导致全球升温潜能值增加了377%，这是由于其大量的化石基成分。这些结果强调了能源采购在形成环境结果方面的重要性，并可以指导冰岛未来陆上鲑鱼养殖的减少影响战略。

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引用次数: 0