Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741790
Alshimaa Abu-Bakr Mohammed , Adel Hassan Saadd , Safaa E. Abdo , Sabreen E. Fadl , Awatef Hamed Hamouda
The purpose of this work trial was to determine the true impact of spirulina and rosemary in a combination treatment on Nile tilapia performance before experimental infection. Moreover, the effects of these treatments on the liver and kidney functions, the histology of certain organs, and the expression of certain antioxidant and immune-related genes in the liver tissue both before and after Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) infection are also included. To achieve this purpose, four diets were prepared: the first was free of additives as a control group (Con), the second contained (SP) spirulina at 7.5 g/kg of diet, the third contained (RM) rosemary at a rate of 10 g/kg of diet, and the fourth one contained rosemary and spirulina as a SP + RM group. The results of the different parameters indicated the growth-stimulant effects of rosemary and spirulina either alone or in a combination when compared with the control group (P ≤ 0.05), with a superior effect to combination treatment. In addition, improved hematological parameters, immunological assays, phagocytic activity and index, and expression of antioxidant and immune-related genes occurred before and after infection. Moreover, there were positive effects of spirulina and rosemary without pathological lesions in the different organs before infection and fewer lesions after infection.
{"title":"Immunomodulatory and growth promotors effects of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and/or Spirulina with respect to some gene expression on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Aswan Governorate","authors":"Alshimaa Abu-Bakr Mohammed , Adel Hassan Saadd , Safaa E. Abdo , Sabreen E. Fadl , Awatef Hamed Hamouda","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this work trial was to determine the true impact of spirulina and rosemary in a combination treatment on Nile tilapia performance before experimental infection. Moreover, the effects of these treatments on the liver and kidney functions, the histology of certain organs, and the expression of certain antioxidant and immune-related genes in the liver tissue both before and after <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> (<em>A. hydrophila</em>) infection are also included. To achieve this purpose, four diets were prepared: the first was free of additives as a control group (Con), the second contained (SP) spirulina at 7.5 g/kg of diet, the third contained (RM) rosemary at a rate of 10 g/kg of diet, and the fourth one contained rosemary and spirulina as a SP + RM group. The results of the different parameters indicated the growth-stimulant effects of rosemary and spirulina either alone or in a combination when compared with the control group (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.05), with a superior effect to combination treatment. In addition, improved hematological parameters, immunological assays, phagocytic activity and index, and expression of antioxidant and immune-related genes occurred before and after infection. Moreover, there were positive effects of spirulina and rosemary without pathological lesions in the different organs before infection and fewer lesions after infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 741790"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741793
Jordi Guillen , Frank Asche , Antonio Borriello , Natacha Carvalho , Jean-Noël Druon , Taryn Garlock , Ignacio Llorente , Diego Macias
While global aquaculture production has been highly successful in terms of production growth in recent decades, most developed countries including the European Union (EU) have not participated in this development to a significant extent. As recently as the 1970s, several EU countries were global leaders in aquaculture production, primarily focusing on filter feeders such as mussels and oysters. However, aquaculture production in the EU has largely stagnated over the past few decades. Despite political support, investment and research efforts over the last three decades, environmental regulations and competition with other activities have slowed down or even halted production growth in many cases. Recent EU legislation aimed at boosting food security and sustainable food systems, recognise aquaculture as a major potential contributor, focusing for example on sustainable or low environmental impact aquaculture, e.g. the production of low trophic level species. In this context, this article aims to contribute to the understanding of the EU aquaculture sector by examining the stagnation in production and its causes. We investigate the evolution of the EU aquaculture production in weight and value, as well as its average trophic level, length and diversity of the species produced. Results indicate an increase in the diversity of species produced, but a decline in the production of low trophic level species over the last two decades, and an increase in more challenging high trophic levels species, raising the overall average trophic level of the production. The decline in mussel and oyster production is mainly due to environmental and, to a lesser degree, economic factors. The rapid growth of carnivorous fish, such as seabream, seabass and salmon has slowed down since 2000, mainly due to regulations aiming at limiting environmental impacts.
{"title":"What is happening to the European Union aquaculture production? Investigating its stagnation and sustainability","authors":"Jordi Guillen , Frank Asche , Antonio Borriello , Natacha Carvalho , Jean-Noël Druon , Taryn Garlock , Ignacio Llorente , Diego Macias","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741793","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741793","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While global aquaculture production has been highly successful in terms of production growth in recent decades, most developed countries including the European Union (EU) have not participated in this development to a significant extent. As recently as the 1970s, several EU countries were global leaders in aquaculture production, primarily focusing on filter feeders such as mussels and oysters. However, aquaculture production in the EU has largely stagnated over the past few decades. Despite political support, investment and research efforts over the last three decades, environmental regulations and competition with other activities have slowed down or even halted production growth in many cases. Recent EU legislation aimed at boosting food security and sustainable food systems, recognise aquaculture as a major potential contributor, focusing for example on sustainable or low environmental impact aquaculture, e.g. the production of low trophic level species. In this context, this article aims to contribute to the understanding of the EU aquaculture sector by examining the stagnation in production and its causes. We investigate the evolution of the EU aquaculture production in weight and value, as well as its average trophic level, length and diversity of the species produced. Results indicate an increase in the diversity of species produced, but a decline in the production of low trophic level species over the last two decades, and an increase in more challenging high trophic levels species, raising the overall average trophic level of the production. The decline in mussel and oyster production is mainly due to environmental and, to a lesser degree, economic factors. The rapid growth of carnivorous fish, such as seabream, seabass and salmon has slowed down since 2000, mainly due to regulations aiming at limiting environmental impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 741793"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741795
Yang Zhao , Waqas Waqas , Wenxiao Cui , Shaopan Ye , Weifeng Gao , Qingyu Zhang , Zhen Lin , Di Zhu , Feng Lin , Mhd Ikhwanuddin , Hongyu Ma
In modern aquaculture, inter-specific hybridization enhances traits, but its effects on embryonic development and growth in mud crabs (genus Scylla) remain underexplored. This study investigated the embryonic development and growth performance of Scylla paramamosain, Scylla serrata, and their hybrid offsprings from reciprocal crosses. We found that S. paramamosain and the hybrid (S. paramamosain ♀ × S. serrata ♂) produced smaller eggs with shorter development periods than S. serrata and the hybrid (S. serrata ♀ × S. paramamosain ♂). Both hybrids exhibited higher growth rates in the crablet stage than their purebred parents. Notably, the hybrid (S. serrata ♀ × S. paramamosain ♂) demonstrated significant heterosis in body weight and height, while the hybrid (S. paramamosain ♀ × S. serrata ♂) showed single-parent heterosis. While the shape of the frontal lobe spines in hybrids depended on the male parent. Development durations varied, with the longest observed in the hybrid (S. paramamosain ♂ × S. serrata ♀). Discriminant analysis of growth traits showed high accuracy across developmental stages, supporting the potential of inter-specific hybridization for enhancing mud crab aquaculture. This research provides valuable insights and germplasm resources for the aquaculture industry.
在现代水产养殖中，种间杂交可提高性状，但其对泥蟹（Scylla 属）胚胎发育和生长的影响仍未得到充分探索。本研究调查了副螯蟹（Scylla paramamosain）、鮨蟹（Scylla serrata）及其杂交后代的胚胎发育和生长性能。我们发现，与S. serrata和杂交种（S. serrata ♀ × S. paramamosain ♂）相比，S. paramamosain和杂交种（S. paramamosain ♀ × S. serrata ♂）产生的卵更小，发育期更短。与纯种亲本相比，两种杂交种在幼虫期的生长率都较高。值得注意的是，杂交种（S. serrata ♀ × S. paramamosain ♂）在体重和体高方面表现出显著的异交性，而杂交种（S. paramamosain ♀ × S. serrata ♂）则表现出单亲异交性。杂交种额叶刺的形状取决于雄性亲本。发育期长短不一，杂交种（S. paramamosain ♂ × S. serrata ♀）的发育期最长。对各发育阶段生长性状的判别分析显示出较高的准确性，支持了种间杂交在提高泥蟹养殖水平方面的潜力。该研究为水产养殖业提供了宝贵的见解和种质资源。
{"title":"Comparative analysis of embryonic development and growth performance among two mud crab species and their hybrids","authors":"Yang Zhao , Waqas Waqas , Wenxiao Cui , Shaopan Ye , Weifeng Gao , Qingyu Zhang , Zhen Lin , Di Zhu , Feng Lin , Mhd Ikhwanuddin , Hongyu Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In modern aquaculture, inter-specific hybridization enhances traits, but its effects on embryonic development and growth in mud crabs (genus <em>Scylla</em>) remain underexplored. This study investigated the embryonic development and growth performance of <em>Scylla paramamosain</em>, <em>Scylla serrata</em>, and their hybrid offsprings from reciprocal crosses. We found that <em>S. paramamosain</em> and the hybrid (<em>S. paramamosain</em> ♀ × <em>S. serrata</em> ♂) produced smaller eggs with shorter development periods than <em>S. serrata</em> and the hybrid (<em>S. serrata</em> ♀ × <em>S. paramamosain</em> ♂). Both hybrids exhibited higher growth rates in the crablet stage than their purebred parents. Notably, the hybrid (<em>S. serrata</em> ♀ × <em>S. paramamosain</em> ♂) demonstrated significant heterosis in body weight and height, while the hybrid (<em>S. paramamosain</em> ♀ × <em>S. serrata</em> ♂) showed single-parent heterosis. While the shape of the frontal lobe spines in hybrids depended on the male parent. Development durations varied, with the longest observed in the hybrid (<em>S. paramamosain</em> ♂ × <em>S. serrata</em> ♀). Discriminant analysis of growth traits showed high accuracy across developmental stages, supporting the potential of inter-specific hybridization for enhancing mud crab aquaculture. This research provides valuable insights and germplasm resources for the aquaculture industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 741795"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study investigated environmental impacts associated with greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, economic Fish in Fish out ratio (eFIFO), waste outputs, and food-feed competition of feeding diets containing the filamentous fungus Paecilomyces variotii (PEKILO®) to Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) pre-smolts. To achieve this, a feeding trial was conducted using four experimental diets. The control diet was based on fishmeal, soy protein concentrate, and wheat gluten meal. Diets 1, 2, and 3 were formulated so that P. variotii replaced 5, 10, and 20 % of the crude protein (CP) content of the control diet originating mainly from fishmeal, soy protein concentrate, and wheat gluten meal. Dietary inclusion of P. variotii affected simulated environmental indices such as GHG emission (P < 0.001); this index was P. variotii-dose-dependent, as illustrated by negative linear models (P < 0.001, adjusted R-squared = 0.96). Dietary inclusion of P. variotii was negatively correlated with eFIFO (P < 0.001, adjusted R-squared = 0.82). Dietary inclusion of P. variotii reduced food-competition feedstuff (FCF) in the diets (P < 0.001), as well as the amount of FCF to produce one kg of Atlantic salmon (P < 0.001). Relative to the control diet, solid nitrogen waste output, expressed as g kg−1 fish produced, was increased (P < 0.0001) in fish fed Diet 3. Conversely, linear decreases in solid phosphorous, magnesium and potassium (P < 0.0001) wastes expressed as g kg−1 fish produced were associated with increasing dietary inclusion of P. variotii. Likewise, linear decreases in dissolved nitrogen, magnesium, and potassium (P < 0.0001) wastes were observed with increasing replacement of the CP content of the control diet with P. variotii. Based on this assessment, P. variotii is a relevant alternative protein source with a low environmental footprint for use in Atlantic salmon feeds. Future novel feeds for Atlantic salmon should expand the use of alternative protein- and lipid-rich materials with a low ecological footprint that are produced according to a circular bioeconomy principle and utilize non-food-competing feedstuff (NFCF) such as P. variotii to move the industry towards sustainability.
{"title":"Environmental impacts of the filamentous fungi Paecilomyces variotii (PEKILO®) as a novel protein source in feeds for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)","authors":"Jamie M. Hooft , Hung Quang Tran , Ruth Montero , Byron Morales-Lange , Vlastimil Stejskal , Liv Torunn Mydland , Margareth Øverland","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigated environmental impacts associated with greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, economic Fish in Fish out ratio (eFIFO), waste outputs, and food-feed competition of feeding diets containing the filamentous fungus <em>Paecilomyces variotii</em> (PEKILO®) to Atlantic salmon (<em>Salmo salar</em>) pre-smolts. To achieve this, a feeding trial was conducted using four experimental diets. The control diet was based on fishmeal, soy protein concentrate, and wheat gluten meal. Diets 1, 2, and 3 were formulated so that <em>P. variotii</em> replaced 5, 10, and 20 % of the crude protein (CP) content of the control diet originating mainly from fishmeal, soy protein concentrate, and wheat gluten meal. Dietary inclusion of <em>P. variotii</em> affected simulated environmental indices such as GHG emission (<em>P</em> < 0.001); this index was <em>P. variotii</em>-dose-dependent, as illustrated by negative linear models (<em>P</em> < 0.001, adjusted R-squared = 0.96). Dietary inclusion of <em>P. variotii</em> was negatively correlated with eFIFO (<em>P</em> < 0.001, adjusted R-squared = 0.82). Dietary inclusion of <em>P. variotii</em> reduced food-competition feedstuff (FCF) in the diets (<em>P</em> < 0.001), as well as the amount of FCF to produce one kg of Atlantic salmon (<em>P</em> < 0.001). Relative to the control diet, solid nitrogen waste output, expressed as g kg<sup>−1</sup> fish produced, was increased (<em>P</em> < 0.0001) in fish fed Diet 3. Conversely, linear decreases in solid phosphorous, magnesium and potassium (<em>P</em> < 0.0001) wastes expressed as g kg<sup>−1</sup> fish produced were associated with increasing dietary inclusion of <em>P. variotii</em>. Likewise, linear decreases in dissolved nitrogen, magnesium, and potassium (<em>P</em> < 0.0001) wastes were observed with increasing replacement of the CP content of the control diet with <em>P. variotii</em>. Based on this assessment, <em>P. variotii</em> is a relevant alternative protein source with a low environmental footprint for use in Atlantic salmon feeds. Future novel feeds for Atlantic salmon should expand the use of alternative protein- and lipid-rich materials with a low ecological footprint that are produced according to a circular bioeconomy principle and utilize non-food-competing feedstuff (NFCF) such as <em>P. variotii</em> to move the industry towards sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 741779"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741788
Jennifer L. Ruesink , C. Haleh Mawson , Brian Allen , Jeffrey Barrett , David Beugli , Steven Booth , Laura Butler , Bill Dewey , Cinde R. Donoghue , Brett R. Dumbauld , Kristine Feldman , Zachary Forster , S. Maria Garcia , Jackson A. Gross , Bobbi Hudson , Wesley W. Hull , Vikram Iyer , Aspen Katla , Laura Kraft , Blair Paul , Kim D. Patten
<div><div>Bivalve aquaculture benefits from non-chemical, operational-scale pest management tools to sustain or increase production. Mechanical methods to control a bioturbating pest (burrowing shrimp <em>Neotrypaea californiensis</em>) have been tested in Washington State (USA), providing a roadmap for other regions affected by native or widespread pests. These shrimp smother and bury ground-cultured oysters on tidal flats even when the shrimp are at low densities. Therefore, control methods with high efficacy are required, also considering non-target effects and costs to implement. From 2002 to 2023, 55 mechanical control trials were carried out, plus two shell-addition trials from earlier research. Methods included: 1) surface barriers, 2) shrimp removal, 3) sediment disruption, and 4) physical conditions intended to cause direct mortality (e.g. electricity, heat). Data were compiled through a meta-analysis framework, in which effect size was calculated as the log response ratio of treated relative to reference plots. Most surface barriers were not effective because they were penetrated by shrimp or insufficiently anchored; an exception was application of five inches (12.7 cm) of gravel. Shrimp removal was effective with a water-jet technique developed to collect shrimp for bait at low tide, but efforts to deploy multiple jets with a towed mechanized device were unsuccessful. Sediment disruption through surface compaction was the most common farm-scale approach but insufficiently reduced shrimp densities, whereas consolidating sediment with vibration to 1 m depth had high efficacy but has been applied only in small plots. Effect sizes were not available for any field trials of direct mortality methods, but energy required to kill shrimp was calculated from laboratory studies (1–50 kW-hr m<sup>−3</sup> in water, and higher energy required in saturated sediment). Across all field methods, efficacy improved with effort (person-hours per area). Sediment showed reduced penetrability and increased muddiness following treatment. Non-target effects on infauna included both positive and negative effect sizes, consistent with a community change following a reduction in shrimp density. In the six studies measuring epibenthic species, no overall positive response to control of shrimp occurred, even though the reason for control is to protect surface-dwelling species from bioturbation by shrimp. This outcome illustrates the importance of pairing efficacy in terms of reduction of shrimp and improvement of farming. The vertical position of <em>N. californiensis</em> below nearly a meter of water-saturated sediment, along with an innate tolerance to pressure and anoxia, has placed them out of reach of most attempted mechanical methods. Although progress has been made in recent years, mechanical control options remain limited that can be carried out without permits and that economically reduce shrimp to densities compatible with benthic shellfish aquaculture a
{"title":"Efficacy, non-target impacts, and costs of mechanical control options against a bioturbator in bivalve aquaculture","authors":"Jennifer L. Ruesink , C. Haleh Mawson , Brian Allen , Jeffrey Barrett , David Beugli , Steven Booth , Laura Butler , Bill Dewey , Cinde R. Donoghue , Brett R. Dumbauld , Kristine Feldman , Zachary Forster , S. Maria Garcia , Jackson A. Gross , Bobbi Hudson , Wesley W. Hull , Vikram Iyer , Aspen Katla , Laura Kraft , Blair Paul , Kim D. Patten","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bivalve aquaculture benefits from non-chemical, operational-scale pest management tools to sustain or increase production. Mechanical methods to control a bioturbating pest (burrowing shrimp <em>Neotrypaea californiensis</em>) have been tested in Washington State (USA), providing a roadmap for other regions affected by native or widespread pests. These shrimp smother and bury ground-cultured oysters on tidal flats even when the shrimp are at low densities. Therefore, control methods with high efficacy are required, also considering non-target effects and costs to implement. From 2002 to 2023, 55 mechanical control trials were carried out, plus two shell-addition trials from earlier research. Methods included: 1) surface barriers, 2) shrimp removal, 3) sediment disruption, and 4) physical conditions intended to cause direct mortality (e.g. electricity, heat). Data were compiled through a meta-analysis framework, in which effect size was calculated as the log response ratio of treated relative to reference plots. Most surface barriers were not effective because they were penetrated by shrimp or insufficiently anchored; an exception was application of five inches (12.7 cm) of gravel. Shrimp removal was effective with a water-jet technique developed to collect shrimp for bait at low tide, but efforts to deploy multiple jets with a towed mechanized device were unsuccessful. Sediment disruption through surface compaction was the most common farm-scale approach but insufficiently reduced shrimp densities, whereas consolidating sediment with vibration to 1 m depth had high efficacy but has been applied only in small plots. Effect sizes were not available for any field trials of direct mortality methods, but energy required to kill shrimp was calculated from laboratory studies (1–50 kW-hr m<sup>−3</sup> in water, and higher energy required in saturated sediment). Across all field methods, efficacy improved with effort (person-hours per area). Sediment showed reduced penetrability and increased muddiness following treatment. Non-target effects on infauna included both positive and negative effect sizes, consistent with a community change following a reduction in shrimp density. In the six studies measuring epibenthic species, no overall positive response to control of shrimp occurred, even though the reason for control is to protect surface-dwelling species from bioturbation by shrimp. This outcome illustrates the importance of pairing efficacy in terms of reduction of shrimp and improvement of farming. The vertical position of <em>N. californiensis</em> below nearly a meter of water-saturated sediment, along with an innate tolerance to pressure and anoxia, has placed them out of reach of most attempted mechanical methods. Although progress has been made in recent years, mechanical control options remain limited that can be carried out without permits and that economically reduce shrimp to densities compatible with benthic shellfish aquaculture a","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 741788"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741786
Emily Whitmore , Christopher Davis , Thomas Safford
Over the past decade, the aquaculture industry in Maine has experienced steady growth. With this growth, farmers are facing new challenges–one particularly complicated challenge being social acceptance. As a result, Maine farmers have become hyper aware of their social license to operate and are actively working to gain their community's trust using a wide range of practices. To date, most of the research investigating social license in aquaculture focuses on large-scale finfish farms, as they are often more environmentally and socially impactful and draw more public attention. Through in-depth interviews with 30 Maine shellfish and seaweed farmers, this study demonstrates that social license to operate is also relevant for small to medium scale, low-trophic farms. Further, this study outlines farmer's social license work, a term that describes the various deliberate practices undertaken by businesses to obtain and maintain their social license. From proactive, voluntary outreach, to responsible operating practices, to offering tangible community benefits, farmers in Maine are crafting businesses that align with local values in an attempt to build genuine community support. Social license practices are deeply integrated into their businesses and this benefits both the farm and the broader community.
{"title":"Working the ground game: How Maine shellfish and seaweed farmers are building social license to operate","authors":"Emily Whitmore , Christopher Davis , Thomas Safford","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past decade, the aquaculture industry in Maine has experienced steady growth. With this growth, farmers are facing new challenges–one particularly complicated challenge being social acceptance. As a result, Maine farmers have become hyper aware of their social license to operate and are actively working to gain their community's trust using a wide range of practices. To date, most of the research investigating social license in aquaculture focuses on large-scale finfish farms, as they are often more environmentally and socially impactful and draw more public attention. Through in-depth interviews with 30 Maine shellfish and seaweed farmers, this study demonstrates that social license to operate is also relevant for small to medium scale, low-trophic farms. Further, this study outlines farmer's <em>social license work,</em> a term that describes the various deliberate practices undertaken by businesses to obtain and maintain their social license. From proactive, voluntary outreach, to responsible operating practices, to offering tangible community benefits, farmers in Maine are crafting businesses that align with local values in an attempt to build genuine community support. Social license practices are deeply integrated into their businesses and this benefits both the farm and the broader community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 741786"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741767
Yina Shao , Tianyu Lu , Sikou Shen , Chenghua Li
Extracellular traps (ETs) is a novel host-defense mechanism for the immobilization and killing of invading microorganisms, of which pseudokinase mixed lineage kinase-like protein (MLKL) is necessary for ET formation. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of various stimulations (including classic ET inducers and pathogen) on ET formation in the coelomocytes of invertebrate sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Our results show that stimulation of sea cucumber coelomocytes with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), zymosan, Vibrio splendidus AJ01, and AJ01 flagella all led to the formation of typical ET fibers, which can be further digested by DNase I. This finding suggests that DNA is an essential component of coelomocyte ETs. Meanwhile, the signals of histones H2A and H2B transferred to extracellular spaces and colocalized with AJ01, which indicates that histones are also crucial components of coelomocyte ETs. Scanning electron microscopy observation and antimicrobial activity analysis successfully revealed that AJ01 was trapped and killed by ET fibers, and this finding implies the antimicrobial role of sea cucumber coelomocyte ETs. More importantly, silencing and inhibition of AjMLKL after AJ01 infection not only considerably depressed ET generation but also increased the survival rate of AJ01. All our results indicate that AjMLKL mediates sea cucumber ET formation and plays critical roles during pathogen infection.
细胞外陷阱（ETs）是一种新型的宿主防御机制，用于固定和杀死入侵的微生物，其中伪激酶混合系激酶样蛋白（MLKL）是ET形成的必要条件。在此，我们旨在研究各种刺激（包括经典的ET诱导剂和病原体）对无脊椎动物海参（Apostichopus japonicus）腹腔细胞ET形成的影响。我们的研究结果表明，用光滑醇-12-肉豆蔻酸 13-乙酸酯（PMA）、玉米素、灿烂弧菌 AJ01 和 AJ01 鞭毛刺激海参腹腔细胞都会导致典型 ET 纤维的形成，这些纤维可被 DNase I 进一步消化。同时，组蛋白H2A和H2B的信号转移到细胞外空间并与AJ01共定位，这表明组蛋白也是螺旋体ET的重要组成部分。扫描电镜观察和抗菌活性分析成功揭示了AJ01被ET纤维捕获并杀死，这一发现暗示了海参腹腔细胞ETs的抗菌作用。更重要的是，在AJ01感染后沉默和抑制AjMLKL，不仅大大抑制了ET的生成，而且提高了AJ01的存活率。所有这些结果表明，AjMLKL介导海参ET的形成，并在病原体感染过程中发挥关键作用。
{"title":"MLKL promotes extracellular trap releasing in Vibrio splendidus AJ01-challenged coelomocytes of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus","authors":"Yina Shao , Tianyu Lu , Sikou Shen , Chenghua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extracellular traps (ETs) is a novel host-defense mechanism for the immobilization and killing of invading microorganisms, of which pseudokinase mixed lineage kinase-like protein (MLKL) is necessary for ET formation. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of various stimulations (including classic ET inducers and pathogen) on ET formation in the coelomocytes of invertebrate sea cucumber <em>Apostichopus japonicus</em>. Our results show that stimulation of sea cucumber coelomocytes with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), zymosan, <em>Vibrio splendidus</em> AJ01, and AJ01 flagella all led to the formation of typical ET fibers, which can be further digested by DNase I. This finding suggests that DNA is an essential component of coelomocyte ETs. Meanwhile, the signals of histones H2A and H2B transferred to extracellular spaces and colocalized with AJ01, which indicates that histones are also crucial components of coelomocyte ETs. Scanning electron microscopy observation and antimicrobial activity analysis successfully revealed that AJ01 was trapped and killed by ET fibers, and this finding implies the antimicrobial role of sea cucumber coelomocyte ETs. More importantly, silencing and inhibition of <em>Aj</em>MLKL after AJ01 infection not only considerably depressed ET generation but also increased the survival rate of AJ01. All our results indicate that <em>Aj</em>MLKL mediates sea cucumber ET formation and plays critical roles during pathogen infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 741767"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741787
Kofi Britwum , John C. Bernard
Given pressure on wild fish stocks, aquaculture has worked to develop farmed seafood markets. While farmed seafood should be more sustainable, consumers may lack confidence in its sustainability and may have food safety concerns. Using a sample of 266 seafood consumers in the US state of Maine, the study examined preferences for wild-caught and farmed salmon based on safety perceptions of the latter. Most preferred wild-caught, but this declined with lower food safety concerns. Additionally, willingness to pay for certified sustainably farmed versus non-certified farmed salmon was compared, revealing higher premiums with greater confidence in food safety. The industry should improve food safety perceptions and promote its benefits as a sustainable seafood source.
{"title":"Willingness to pay for farmed salmon: Balancing sustainability and safety perceptions","authors":"Kofi Britwum , John C. Bernard","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given pressure on wild fish stocks, aquaculture has worked to develop farmed seafood markets. While farmed seafood should be more sustainable, consumers may lack confidence in its sustainability and may have food safety concerns. Using a sample of 266 seafood consumers in the US state of Maine, the study examined preferences for wild-caught and farmed salmon based on safety perceptions of the latter. Most preferred wild-caught, but this declined with lower food safety concerns. Additionally, willingness to pay for certified sustainably farmed versus non-certified farmed salmon was compared, revealing higher premiums with greater confidence in food safety. The industry should improve food safety perceptions and promote its benefits as a sustainable seafood source.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 741787"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-20DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741771
Paige C. Miles , Thomas S. Mock , Matthew K. Jago , Michael J. Salini , Richard P. Smullen , David S. Francis
Gut transit rate is an important component of the digestive process in fish, particularly in the context of aquaculture, where factors such as rearing temperature and dietary formulation impact on-farm performance. As such, developing and validating research methodologies that explore these critical physiological responses in fish is vital in the context of precision aquaculture practices. However, there are inherent methodological constraints of gut transit rate assessments, particularly when assessing the effect of sampling on the stress response of fish. In light of this, the present study aimed to assess the gut transit rate and plasma cortisol levels of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) subjected to the more commonly applied, repeated sampling model that results in multiple tanks disturbances (e.g., 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 h post-feed) in comparison to one requiring only a singular tank disturbance at one of the designated time points. An inert beaded marker was integrated into diet formulations to determine the transit rate of digesta in three major gastrointestinal tract regions: the stomach, mid-intestine, and distal intestine over a period of 48 h following the provision of food. A significantly higher plasma cortisol concentration was recorded in fish subjected to a repeated disturbance, particularly at 16 h post feed (22.99 ± 6.88 ng mL−1), compared to fish sampled from tanks subjected to a single sampling event (11.35 ± 0.92 ng mL−1). Despite this, gut transit rate was generally unaffected by sampling design over the duration of the study with both groups of fish displaying a similar rate of gut transit. This suggests that repeated tank sampling (i.e. sampling multiple fish from the same tank at multiple timepoints) is suitable to assess gut transit rate in fish as it does not significantly confound gut transit rate assessments. It is envisioned that this data will contribute to the growing understanding of the digestive process of Atlantic salmon and the relationship with stress response in fish and experimental design. Moreover, it should strengthen future studies aimed at assessing key digestive processes in cultured species.
肠道转运率是鱼类消化过程的重要组成部分，尤其是在水产养殖中，饲养温度和日粮配方等因素都会影响养殖绩效。因此，在精准水产养殖实践中，开发和验证探索鱼类这些关键生理反应的研究方法至关重要。然而，肠道转运率评估存在固有的方法限制，尤其是在评估取样对鱼类应激反应的影响时。有鉴于此，本研究旨在评估大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar）的肠道转运率和血浆皮质醇水平，与只需要在一个指定时间点对水槽进行单次干扰的模式相比，前者采用了更常用的重复采样模式，导致水槽受到多次干扰（如投喂后 2、4、8、16 和 24 小时）。在日粮配方中加入惰性珠状标记物，以测定提供食物后 48 小时内消化物在胃部、中肠道和远端肠道这三个主要胃肠道区域的转运率。与单次采样（11.35 ± 0.92 ng mL-1）相比，多次受到干扰的鱼类血浆皮质醇浓度明显较高，尤其是在投喂食物后 16 小时（22.99 ± 6.88 ng mL-1）。尽管如此，在整个研究期间，两组鱼的肠道转运率基本不受取样设计的影响，表现出相似的肠道转运率。这表明，重复水槽取样（即在多个时间点对同一水槽中的多条鱼进行取样）适用于评估鱼类的肠道转运率，因为它不会对肠道转运率评估产生重大影响。预计这些数据将有助于进一步了解大西洋鲑的消化过程以及与鱼类应激反应和实验设计之间的关系。此外，它还能加强今后旨在评估养殖物种关键消化过程的研究。
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Pub Date : 2024-10-20DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741785
Kieren Searle , Abdul Lathiff Inamul Hassan , Thomas S. Mock , Giovanni M. Turchini , Timothy D. Clark , David S. Francis
Abalone diets continue to be refined to suit the physiological and macronutrient requirements of different aged abalone under various seasonal conditions, primarily through dietary protein manipulation. Recently, dietary macro-algae supplementation has gained interest as an promoter of health and growth in abalone. In this study, the effects of three graded levels of dietary protein (35, 41 and 47 %) and 15 % dietary supplementation of dried and ground Ulva lactuca on the digestion and excretion processes in juvenile Australian hybrid abalone (Haliotis rubra x H. laevigata) were investigated through analysis of metabolic oxygen consumption () and nitrogen excretion () during meal digestion and assimilation. Trials were conducted at three farm-relevant acclimation temperatures (12, 17 and 22 °C), and abalone acclimated to the highest temperature were additionally subjected to a simulated heatwave. Within the ranges of 35 and 47 % dietary crude protein, no differences were observed in total postprandial energy use, however, significant differences were observed between the three temperatures. Similarly, differences in nitrogen excretion were observed across temperatures but not across dietary protein treatments. Dietary supplementation of U. lactuca led to significantly higher peak and total throughout the postprandial period at 22 °C. Additionally, total excretion was higher at 17 °C when abalone were fed the U. lactuca supplemented diet. No differences in survival were observed between any of the dietary treatments when juvenile abalone underwent the simulated heatwave, however, the 15 % U. lactuca treatment did exhibit consistently higher . This information is useful for abalone farmers and feed formulators in developing season-specific diet formulations, particularly regarding macro-algae supplementation.
人们不断改进鲍鱼的日粮，以适应不同年龄的鲍鱼在不同季节条件下对生理和宏量营养素的需求，主要是通过日粮蛋白质的处理。最近，日粮中添加大型藻类作为鲍鱼健康和生长的促进剂引起了人们的兴趣。在本研究中，通过分析膳食消化和同化过程中的代谢耗氧量（ṀO2）和氮排泄量（ṀNH4+-N），研究了三种不同水平的膳食蛋白质（35%、41%和47%）和15%的膳食干莼补充剂对澳大利亚杂交鲍（Haliotis rubra x H. laevigata）幼鲍消化和排泄过程的影响。试验在三个养殖场相关的适应温度（12、17 和 22 °C）下进行，适应最高温度的鲍鱼还要经受模拟热浪的考验。在日粮粗蛋白含量为 35% 和 47% 的范围内，餐后总能量消耗无差异，但三种温度之间存在显著差异。同样，不同温度下的氮排泄量也有差异，但不同日粮蛋白质处理的氮排泄量没有差异。在 22 °C的整个餐后期间，膳食中补充乳酸乌头碱会导致峰值和总ṀO2显著升高。此外，在 17 °C时，鲍鱼摄入添加了乳酸菌的日粮时，NH4+-N的总排泄量较高。当幼鲍经历模拟热浪时，没有观察到任何饮食处理之间的存活率差异，然而，15 % 的 U. lactuca 处理确实表现出持续较高的ṀO2。这些信息对鲍鱼养殖者和饲料配方设计师开发针对不同季节的日粮配方，特别是关于大型藻类的补充很有帮助。
{"title":"Investigating effects of dietary protein manipulation and Ulva lactuca supplementation on the postprandial metabolism and nitrogen excretion of Australian hybrid abalone","authors":"Kieren Searle , Abdul Lathiff Inamul Hassan , Thomas S. Mock , Giovanni M. Turchini , Timothy D. Clark , David S. Francis","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2024.741785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abalone diets continue to be refined to suit the physiological and macronutrient requirements of different aged abalone under various seasonal conditions, primarily through dietary protein manipulation. Recently, dietary macro-algae supplementation has gained interest as an promoter of health and growth in abalone. In this study, the effects of three graded levels of dietary protein (35, 41 and 47 %) and 15 % dietary supplementation of dried and ground <em>Ulva lactuca</em> on the digestion and excretion processes in juvenile Australian hybrid abalone (<em>Haliotis rubra x H. laevigata</em>) were investigated through analysis of metabolic oxygen consumption (<span><math><msub><mover><mi>M</mi><mo>̇</mo></mover><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></msub></math></span>) and nitrogen excretion (<span><math><msub><mover><mi>M</mi><mo>̇</mo></mover><mrow><msubsup><mi>NH</mi><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo>−</mo><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) during meal digestion and assimilation. Trials were conducted at three farm-relevant acclimation temperatures (12, 17 and 22 °C), and abalone acclimated to the highest temperature were additionally subjected to a simulated heatwave. Within the ranges of 35 and 47 % dietary crude protein, no differences were observed in total postprandial energy use, however, significant differences were observed between the three temperatures. Similarly, differences in nitrogen excretion were observed across temperatures but not across dietary protein treatments. Dietary supplementation of <em>U. lactuca</em> led to significantly higher peak and total <span><math><msub><mover><mi>M</mi><mo>̇</mo></mover><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></msub></math></span> throughout the postprandial period at 22 °C. Additionally, total <span><math><msubsup><mi>NH</mi><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo>−</mo><mi>N</mi></math></span> excretion was higher at 17 °C when abalone were fed the <em>U. lactuca</em> supplemented diet. No differences in survival were observed between any of the dietary treatments when juvenile abalone underwent the simulated heatwave, however, the 15 % <em>U. lactuca</em> treatment did exhibit consistently higher <span><math><msub><mover><mi>M</mi><mo>̇</mo></mover><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></msub></math></span>. This information is useful for abalone farmers and feed formulators in developing season-specific diet formulations, particularly regarding macro-algae supplementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 741785"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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