Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology最新文献

{"title":"Protective and Curative Potential of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Corchorus olitorius against Potassium Bromate-Induced Renal Toxicity","authors":"I. Abali, M. U. Nwobodo, C. Uche, O. Otuka, K. Chikezie, O. Omole, E. Ezirim, A. I. Airaodion","doi":"10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i2291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i2291","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The objective of this study was to assess the protective and curative potential of ethanol leaf extract of Corchorus olitorius against potassium bromate (KBrO3)-induced renal toxicity. \u0000Methodology: Corchorus olitorius was extracted using a soxhlet extractor and ethanol as the solvent. After becoming accustomed to the lab, 24 mature male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to groups A, B, C, and D. Group A received oral distilled water as treatment. Animals in groups B, C, and D got 100 mg/kg body weight of potassium bromate while groups C and D also received 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight of Corchorus olitorius respectively. Fresh potassium bromate and groups C and D extract were administered to rats every day by oral gavage. After taking the drug for the recommended 28 days, blood and kidney samples were collected. Renal biomarkers were evaluated using conventional methods. \u0000Results: Significant (P0.05) increase in the serum concentrations of creatinine, urea, uric acid, sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl–), and bicarbonate (HCO3–) were observed following potassium bromate administration in comparison to the control group. KBrO3 poisoning also increased the levels of the inflammatory proteins interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-) in the kidneys compared to the control group. Yet when KBrO3 and C. olitorius leaf extract were administered together, levels of all kidney indicators were significantly reduced in a dosage-dependent manner, with 200 mg/kg being the most efficient dose. \u0000Conclusion: This study found that C. olitorius leaf extract, particularly at the higher dose of 200 mg/kg, was successful in reducing a number of the parameters examined that had been negatively impacted by KBrO3. It may be advantageous to include C. olitorius leaf in edible products that may contain KBrO3, such as flour, bread, or cakes, as it is a well-known dietary prebiotic with established safety profiles in humans. Further research is required to determine whether C. olitorius leaves can reduce the toxicity of KBrO3 in human organs and other animal strains, as well as perhaps treat it.","PeriodicalId":8498,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84881962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in Fat-mass and Obesity-associated (FTO) Genes and Allelic Distribution in Some Selected Ethnic Populations in Niger Delta, Nigeria","authors":"N. O. Ekpete, I. Elekima, H. Brown, E. Osaji, B. Igbinaduwa, P. Nnanna, E. O. Nwachuku","doi":"10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i2290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i2290","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To evaluate variations in FTO genes and allelic distribution in some ethnic populations in Niger Delta, Nigeria. \u0000Study Design:  Case-controlled observational study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Delta State and Safety Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Enugu, Nigeria, between March 2020 and February 2022. \u0000Methodology: The association between sixteen (16) Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the FTO gene and some biomarkers of obesity and type 2 diabetes subjects (78 cases and 20 controls) from four different tribes in the Niger Delta region, Nigeria. Multistage sampling method was employed in the subject selection. The subjects were first separated into two groups – new cases (less than a year of diagnosis as Diabetic) and old cases (one year & above). Equal number of samples was then randomly collected from each of the cluster groups. Ten millilitres of blood were collected into EDTA for genotyping using Illumina NextSeq 2000 sequencing platform. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium statistical test was used to determine the variation in distribution of the alleles and genotypes within the study population while allelic frequencies were calculated by gene counting. Chi-square (and fisher’s test where chi-square was not applicable) and Odd Ratio (OR) were performed to determine the significant differences and associated risks respectively of the allelic and genotypic frequencies of Type 2 diabetic (T2D) and non-diabetic subjects of the FTO gene variants. \u0000Results: The results of Hardy-Weinberg Statistical Test, Genotype and Allelic Distribution of FTO gene Variants in Obese/T2D Subjects in Different Tribes of Niger Delta are presented in Tables(1-4) for rs73609956 (C>T), rs116753298 (T>C), rs201041270 (A>G), rs531215275 (A>C), rs146056278 (C>T), rs1410999299 (G>A), rs79206939 (A>G), rs145884431(G>A), rs61743972 (G>A), rs201496428 (C>T), rs146138389 (T>C), rs886052102 (A>G), rs144743617 (G>A), rs886052103 (T>A), rs9939609 (A>T) and rs8050136 (A>C). However, no significant differences in analyzed genotype frequencies were found between T2D and healthy controls. \u0000Conclusion:  Knowledge of the dominant SNPs in some ethnic groups, may provide platform to delay its expression through informed wise choice of lifestyle change and proper dieting.","PeriodicalId":8498,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83157989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Acute Effects of Cadmium Toxicity on Serum Total Protein, Albumin and Globulin in Male Albino Wistar Rats Treated with Ethanol leaf Extracts of Tapinanthus bangwensis and Mangifera indica","authors":"N. E. Essien, P. M. Bobson, U. Essien, I. J. Archibong, J. O. Effiong","doi":"10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i2289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i2289","url":null,"abstract":"Acute impacts of heavy metal exposure on serum total protein (TP), albumin (AL) and globulin (GL) in male albino Wistar rats treated with ethanol leaf extracts of Tapinanthus bangwensis and Mangifera indica were evaluated. Twenty-five (25) animals (125-250 g) were randomly assigned five groups of five rats each. Groups 1-4 were orally administered with cadmium chloride (30 %) below its LD50, (267 mg/kg) each for three times at 2 days interval before treatment with the plant extracts. Groups 1 and 2 were later treated with 300 mg/kg of T. bangwensis and M. indica respectively. Group 3 was treated with 300 mg/kg combined extracts of the two plants at 50:50 dosage ratio while group 4 and 5 were not treated with the plant extracts and served as positive and normal control respectively. Animals in each group were allowed free access to commercial rat mash and water throughput two weeks of treatment which was done daily via oral route. After the fourteen (14) days experimentation, the results revealed a significant increase (P<0.05) in serum total protein in group 2 and 3 when compared to group 1. No significant difference (P>0.05) was observed in group 1 compared to the positive and normal controls. Group 2 showed significant increase (P<0.05) when compared to groups 3 and 5. Group 3 showed significant increase (P<0.05) when compared to groups 4 and 5, but with no significant difference (P>0.05) in group 4 compared to group 5. Serum albumin level showed significant increase (P<0.05) in group 1 when compared to group 2 and 3, but with no significant difference (P>0.05) compared to groups 4 and 5. Significant decrease in group 2 (P<0.05) when compared to group 4. Group 4 compared to group 5. Significant increase in serum albumin was revealed in group 4 when compared to group 5. Serum globulin recorded significant decrease (P<0.05) in group 1 compared to group 2 and 3, but with no significant difference (P>0.05) compared to group 4 and 5. Group 2 showed significant increase (P<0.05) when compared to groups 4 and 5. Group 3 recorded significant increase (P<0.05) in serum globulin when compared to Group 4, but with no significant difference (P>0.05) compared to group 5. The implications of these results are that human should not be exposed to heavy metals to avid toxicity, also if exposed the extracts used could be administered to ameliorate. ","PeriodicalId":8498,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74969135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Effects of Car Wash Detergents and Biosurfactants (Rhamnolipids) on the Soil Environment: In Search of a Greener Alternative","authors":"Rinret Anthony Best, Jalmet Sinkit Youmnan, Tama Sudhir Caleb, Rejoice Helma Abimiku","doi":"10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i2288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i2288","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study investigates the comparative effects of synthetic car wash and a bio-based surfactant detergent, biotensidon, on the soil environment. \u0000Study Design: Evaluation studies. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Geology and Woodland laboratory at William Smith Building, University of Keele, in 2018. \u0000Methodology: 1000 g of Topsoil purchased from a local store was dried in the oven at 1100C for 24 hours and its moisture content was determined. 100 g of the soil was irrigated with diluted detergents and cleaning solutions for 5 days. The leachates were then collected and analyzed for pH and Electrical Conductivity (EC) and further analyzed with Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) while the soil sample pellets were with X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) machine. \u0000Results: The colour of soil leachate when physically observed was consistently almost clear for tap water, light yellow for the biotensidon detergent and dark brown for the car wash detergent. For the pH for the same period, the soil leachates were between neutral and mildly alkaline among the different samples. However, for EC, the maximum EC recorded was in soil irrigated with Car Wash Detergent (1157, 1181, 1242, 1390 and 1876 µS/cm) for all of the 5 days. This is followed by soil irrigated with BioTensidon (732, 757, 796, 799 and 836 µS/cm) for the same period while the minimum EC was recorded in soil irrigated with tap water (456, 487, 500, 505 and 553 µS/cm) for the 5 days. The IR analysis of soil leachates showed peak values that did not differ with all the three leachates collected each day, while the XRF analysis showed the major elements SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 to be the most dominant for analyzed samples. \u0000Conclusion: Both detergents examined had similar compositions of ingredients for making detergents. Some of these ingredients are well known to be harmful to humans, soil, water and plants, and these compositions vary between the detergents. Both detergents also have similar compositions of microelements that are essential for plant growth and some that are toxic to plants. However, the car wash detergents showed no amount of the element Lead (Pb). The car wash detergents significantly bleached organic fractions of the topsoil when examined physically. An 8% soil pH increase and 43% soil EC increase were recorded after 5 days of testing by car wash detergents when compared to the biosurfactants. Also, biosurfactants were shown to contain some toxic concentrations that may be unsafe.","PeriodicalId":8498,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89244293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interleukin-6 and Ferritin as Prognosticators in SARS-CoV-2 Patients from Kashmir, North India","authors":"I. Farooq, Rafiqa Eachkoti, M. Tanvir, S. Hussain, S. Farooq, Ifrah Jan, S. Saleem, S. Majid","doi":"10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i1287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i1287","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Identifying early predictive biomarkers of disease severity and disease outcome is fundamental for the practical management of Covid -19 patients. Although prognostic value of several Pro- and inflammatory markers have been determined in different population studies, however, it remained to be determined in SARS-CoV-2 patients from Kashmir. Aim: To evaluate the predictive value of ferritin and IL-6 levels in RT- PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients from Kashmir. Study Design: A Cohort Study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was done at Government Medical College, Srinagar Kashmir, North India between October 2020 to November 2021. Method: Here, we estimated ferritin and IL-6 levels respectively by chemiluminescent method on fully automated immune analyzer and by ELISA in a cohort of 100 RT-PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients, which were followed twice (14th and 28th day) for a period of  one month. Results: Based on estimated ferritin levels, the cohort was categorized into Mild = <500 ng/ml, Moderate = ≥500-<1500, and High = ≥1500ng/ml. Also patients were grouped as Mild = 0-<10pg/ml, Moderate = ≥10-<80pg/ml and High =≥80pg/ml based on Interleukin IL-6 levels. Correlation analysis of SARS-CoV-2 patients of varying ferritin levels with disease severity revealed a percent increase in the number of patients of stage 3 severity as ferritin levels increased from mild, to moderate and high levels. Similarly, a percent increase in the number of SARS-CoV-2 patients of increased severity was found as IL-6 levels increased from mild to moderate and high levels. Further, the ROC analysis of ferritin and IL-6 levels with disease outcome suggested both ferritin and IL-6 as early predictive markers of poor disease outcome. However, IL-6, with AUC =0.70 and sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 62%, is a better early predictive marker of poor disease outcome than ferritin with AUC=0.66 at sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 68% in SARS-CoV-2 patients from Kashmir. Further ROC analysis of patients with very high ferritin levels (>1500ng/ml) alone suggests it as an early predictive marker of patients with hyperinflammatory phenotype. Conclusion: Estimation of ferritin and IL-6 levels as simple complementary early prognostic markers that are helpful in clinical decision-making and selecting appropriate treatment options in SARS-CoV-2 patients from Kashmir, North India.","PeriodicalId":8498,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77259313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report Occurrence of CIT and DHA AmpC β-lactamase Gene in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pnuemoniae from Clinical Sample in South Eastern, Nigeria","authors":"Peace Oluchi Akpu, Henrietta Onyinye Uzoeto, Ikemesit Udeme Peter, Onyinye Lovette Nomeh, Agabus Chidiebube Nwuzo, Rebecca Chinenye Ogba, Ifeanyichukwu Romanus Iroha","doi":"10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i1285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i1285","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Over time, the enzymes AmpC β-lactamases have become more significant, due to their roles in antibiotic resistance among enterobacteriaceace especially in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pnuemoniae. Due to increase multidrug resistant express by AmpC β-lactamases producing bacteria strain, the patients care in several hospital has been severely hampered. Hence, this study was designed to assess the occurrence of CIT and DHA AmpC β-lactamase gene in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pnuemoniae from clinical sample in south eastern, Nigeria \u0000Methodology: This study was conducted over an 8-month period on sixteen (16) non-repetitive clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pnuemoniae collected from medical microbiology laboratory unit of Alex Ekweume Federal University Teaching Hospital in Abakaliki, Nigeria. The isolates were further identified using Standard microbiological Techniques and screened for cefoxitin resistance using a disc diffusion assay, followed by phenotypic tests using phenyl boronic acid assays for confirmation of AmpC β-lactamases production. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were further screen for AmpC β-lactamase CIT and DHA genotype by polymerase chain reactions \u0000Result: Of the sixteen (16) confirmed phenotypic AmpC β-lactamase producing bacteria, 100% of the AmpC β-lactamase genes (DHA and CIT) were detected in E. coli from wound and urine samples from both male and female patients. The overall proportion of AmpC β-lactamases gene in Klebsiella pneumoniae were DHA (100 %) and CIT (100 %), in both male and female. \u0000Conclusion: This study indicate the occurrence of CIT and DHA AmpC genotype. The detection of AmpC β-lactamases in this study is of clinically importance as such bacteria are often MDR. Thus, being aware of the presence of AmpC β-lactamase-producing bacteria could be very beneficial for achieving more accurate epidemiological results as well as controlling their spread, while surveillance is required to track any further dissemination and emergence of other AmpC β-lactamase genotypes.","PeriodicalId":8498,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81151163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Dimethyl Biguanide as a Potential Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease in Rats","authors":"Hamed A. Abosharaf, Yasmin Elsonbaty, E. Tousson, Tarek M. Mohamed","doi":"10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i1283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i1283","url":null,"abstract":"Amis: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most rapidly growing diseases in recent times. Despite extensive research to find an appropriate medicine, there has been no effective drug until now. \u0000Study Design: The present study was designated to investigate the therapeutic impact of antihyperglycemic dimethyl biguanide on Alzheimer’s disease symptoms. \u0000Methodology: Alzheimer’s disease was induced in male rats by AlCl3 and D-galactose at doses of 50 and 120 mg/kg daily for one month. Then, for the next four weeks, rats were given oral dimethyl biguanide (200 mg/kg daily). \u0000Results: The obtained data indicated an increase in the arrival time of the AD rat group (G2) compared to the control group (G1). In addition, the AD rat group showed an elevation in glucose level, oxidative stress, liver, and kidney function. Importantly, dimethyl biguanide was able to ameliorate these unpleasant outcomes in G3. Interestingly, dimethyl biguanide was able to reduce GFAB immunoreactivity in the dimethyl biguanide -treated group (G3) compared to the AD group (G2). \u0000Conclusion: In fact, dimethyl biguanide can delay the symptomatology of AD.","PeriodicalId":8498,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75775677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Diversity and Phytochemical Studies on Selected Ecotypes of Utasi (Gongronema latifolium) Plant Using Microsatellite Markers","authors":"Nelson, Anita Y., Godwin M. Ubi, Egbaji Covenant","doi":"10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i1284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i1284","url":null,"abstract":"Diversity and phytochemical studies were carried out on twelve ecotypes of utasi, Gongronema latifolium using simple sequence repeats markers. Screening of ten (10) trinucleotide SSR primers, produced  4 primers that were able to amplify the DNA from all the plant ecotype. A total of 34 bands were amplified from the 4 SSR primers which include SSR 2, SSR 3, SSR 1 and SSR 4. Out of the amplified products using the 4 primers, 17 were found to be polymorphic with an average of 9 bands per primer. The number of amplification products per primer ranged between 10 in SSR 4 to 12 in SSR 2 with SSR 1 having the least number of bands (1). The sequences of the 4 random primers used in this study along with the number of bands generated and the number of polymorphic bands. The results of genetic analysis of the Gongronema latifolium ecotypes delineated the 12 ecotypes into five cluster groups. Results of phytochemical analysis of leaves of Gongronema latifolium showed (Table 2) mean saponin (2.09 ±0.01%), mean tannin (1.17 ± 0.01%), mean flavonoid (2.53 ±0.01%), mean polyphenol (4.60 ± 0.01%) and mean reducing compound (7.92 ± 0.01%).The phytochemical indices of the least 1.17+ 0.01% and highest 7.92+ 0.01% were constituted by tannins and reducing compounds, respectively. Thus, the study suggested the need for future exploitation of Gongronema latifolium leaves for phytochemical contents due to their high medicinal value.","PeriodicalId":8498,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"315 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78918645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterosis and Estimation of General and Specific Combining Ability as Base for Selected Superior Recombination of the Some Crossed Cotton Genotypes","authors":"W. Yehia, A. M. Abdelbary, A. Mohamed, H. Kotb, M. M. Sherif","doi":"10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i1282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajbgmb/2023/v13i1282","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to determine the general and specific combining abilities and heterosis of some cotton genotypes for yield, its components and fiber traits using line x tester mating design. Nine parents (six line and three testers) were crossed in a line x tester mating design in 2020 season. Nine parents along with their eighteen F1 crosses were studied in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during 2021 at Sakha. Agricultural. Research. Station. Kafr El-Sheikh, Governorate, Egypt. Based on line x tester analysis, the variance due to genotypes, parents, crosses and parent vs. cross exhibited significant differences (P. 0.01) for most yield, yield components and fiber traits. The variance due to GCA of lines x testers and SCA of line x tester interactions were highly significant for most studied traits, indicating the importance of both additive and non-additive gene actions in controlling these traits. The estimates of GCA and SCA effects revealed that the parent and some crosses were having desirable and significantly GCA and SCA effects, respectively. High mean performances and significantly GCA effects values were observed of line Giza 92, Giza 75 and tester Giza 97 for most studied traits, hence, these parents can be used as for generation superior cotton hybrids. The best values of mean performances, SCA effects and heterosis were found in the combinations Giza 94 x Giza 92, Giza 97 x Suvin for most yield and yield components and the cross Giza 97 x (Giza 75 x Sea) for yield and fiber traits. These crosses are considered as the promising crosses to be used in breeding programs for produce hybrid cotton and improvement for these traits in Egypt.","PeriodicalId":8498,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87222826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Characterization of Carbapenemase Encoding Genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Tertiary Healthcare in South Eastern Nigeria","authors":"Rebecca Chinenye Ogba, Onyinye Lovette Nomeh, C. I. Edemekong, A. C. Nwuzo, Peace Oluchi Akpu, I. Peter, I. Iroha","doi":"10.9734/ajbgmb/2022/v12i4281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajbgmb/2022/v12i4281","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: In recent years, the rate of carbapenemase encoding gene in P. aeruginosa has increased worldwide and has become of great concern since it’s significantly restricts the therapeutic options for patients in Tertiary health care. Therefore, there’s a need for molecular characterization of carbapenemase encoding genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Tertiary Healthcare in South Eastern Nigeria. \u0000Methodology: A total of twelve (12) Pseudomonas aeruginosa positive culture of Urine (n=5), Wound swab (n=5), Catheter tip (n=2) were collected from Alex Ekwueme Federal University Hospital Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki (AE-FUTHA), Ebonyi State, South eastern Nigeria.  The Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain confirmation was performed using VITEK 2 System and the bacteria were further screen for carbapemase encoding gene by PCR specific primer. \u0000Results: Molecular amplification of carbapenemase encoding genes revealed that blaNDM and blaIPM accounted 12 (100%) across all sample source. Among the various sample sources, blaKPC was found 1(8.3%) in Urine, wound swab 3(25.0%), and Catheter tip 1(8.3%), while blaVIM was found 2(16.7%), 2(16.7%) and 0(0.0%) in Urine, wound swab and Catheter tip respectively. Co-expression of blaNDM + blaIMP accounted 5(41.6 %), 5(41.6 %) and 2(16.7 %) in Urine, wound swab and Catheter tip respectively. Co-expression of blaKPC + blaNDM + blaVIM + blaIMP + blaOXA was only detected in urine 1(8.3 %). \u0000Conclusion: The current study gives an account of the presence of carbapenemase-encoding genes in P. aeruginosa. The expression of carbapenemase-encoding genes may be the mainstay of phenotypic MDR. As a result, physicians, other medical professionals, researchers, and public health policymakers must be kept up to date on the spread of carbapenemase-encoding genes. In addition, strict infection prevention and control strategies, as well as antimicrobial stewardship programs, are highly desirable in admission healthcare facilities where carbapenemase-encoding genes are spreading.","PeriodicalId":8498,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90509826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}