Pub Date : 1993-06-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1993.10640940
M. J. Sagers
A specialist on the energy industries of the former USSR assesses trends in the production of oil, natural gas, coal, and electrical power during 1992 and thereafter, and surveys prospects for performance based on developments through June of 1993. Particular attention is devoted to the impacts of changing organizational and pricing policies on energy production, the effects of disrupted interenterprise linkages as a result of the USSR's disintegration, and the possible effects on export prospects of changes in the level of domestic consumption and foreign demand. Coverage includes information about major joint-venture extraction projects and proposed export pipelines. 9 tables, references.
{"title":"The Energy Industries of the Former USSR: A Mid-Year Survey","authors":"M. J. Sagers","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1993.10640940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640940","url":null,"abstract":"A specialist on the energy industries of the former USSR assesses trends in the production of oil, natural gas, coal, and electrical power during 1992 and thereafter, and surveys prospects for performance based on developments through June of 1993. Particular attention is devoted to the impacts of changing organizational and pricing policies on energy production, the effects of disrupted interenterprise linkages as a result of the USSR's disintegration, and the possible effects on export prospects of changes in the level of domestic consumption and foreign demand. Coverage includes information about major joint-venture extraction projects and proposed export pipelines. 9 tables, references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"15 1","pages":"341-414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640940","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59717212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-05-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1993.10640937
David R. Marples
An international authority on the effects of the Chernobyl' nuclear power station accident surveys the emerging controversy over the severity of its impact upon the health of the population of Belarus', the republic most seriously affected by the radiation release. A broad spectrum of assessments is analyzed, ranging from those which are inclined to attribute negligible health impacts to the disaster to those citing dramatic increases in the incidence of thyroid cancer among children in the most severely impacted oblasts as a possible precursor of significant long-term health risks to the population at large. 1 map, 1 table, 17 references.
{"title":"A Correlation Between Radiation and Health Problems in Belarus","authors":"David R. Marples","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1993.10640937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640937","url":null,"abstract":"An international authority on the effects of the Chernobyl' nuclear power station accident surveys the emerging controversy over the severity of its impact upon the health of the population of Belarus', the republic most seriously affected by the radiation release. A broad spectrum of assessments is analyzed, ranging from those which are inclined to attribute negligible health impacts to the disaster to those citing dramatic increases in the incidence of thyroid cancer among children in the most severely impacted oblasts as a possible precursor of significant long-term health risks to the population at large. 1 map, 1 table, 17 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"34 1","pages":"281-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640937","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59717068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-05-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1993.10640939
I. Bass, Leslie Dienes
An economist and senior economic geographer assess severe, uneven spatial impacts of demilitarization of economic activity in the former USSR. Drawing upon a large body of recent classified, unpublished information, the authors sketch in the geography of a “hidden” sector, consisting of the defense industry and gold and diamond mining. Analysis of the resulting spatial patterns reveals nodes of highly concentrated hidden-sector activity that are vulnerable to economic adversities caused by reduced military orders and severed production linkages. Particular attention is devoted to Russia and Ukraine, two republics inheriting the bulk of the former Union's hidden-sector infrastructure. 1 table, 16 references.
{"title":"Defense Industry Legacies and Conversion in the Post-Soviet Realm","authors":"I. Bass, Leslie Dienes","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1993.10640939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640939","url":null,"abstract":"An economist and senior economic geographer assess severe, uneven spatial impacts of demilitarization of economic activity in the former USSR. Drawing upon a large body of recent classified, unpublished information, the authors sketch in the geography of a “hidden” sector, consisting of the defense industry and gold and diamond mining. Analysis of the resulting spatial patterns reveals nodes of highly concentrated hidden-sector activity that are vulnerable to economic adversities caused by reduced military orders and severed production linkages. Particular attention is devoted to Russia and Ukraine, two republics inheriting the bulk of the former Union's hidden-sector infrastructure. 1 table, 16 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"34 1","pages":"302-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640939","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59717147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-05-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1993.10640938
A. R. Bond, R. Levine
The status of Russia's access to manganese—a vital ferroalloy raw material—upon the disintegration of the USSR is examined. Russian manganese reserves are assessed from the perspective of ore quality and quantity in light of the disruption of once-steady supply relationships, current demand for manganese ferroalloys in the Russian steel industry, the capacity (or lack of same) of Russian ferroalloy plants to produce various manganese ferroalloys, the impact of modernization in Russian ferrous metallurgy on manganese consumption, and other factors that could affect Russian manganese demand in the future. 10 references.
{"title":"The Manganese Shortfall in Russia","authors":"A. R. Bond, R. Levine","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1993.10640938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640938","url":null,"abstract":"The status of Russia's access to manganese—a vital ferroalloy raw material—upon the disintegration of the USSR is examined. Russian manganese reserves are assessed from the perspective of ore quality and quantity in light of the disruption of once-steady supply relationships, current demand for manganese ferroalloys in the Russian steel industry, the capacity (or lack of same) of Russian ferroalloy plants to produce various manganese ferroalloys, the impact of modernization in Russian ferrous metallurgy on manganese consumption, and other factors that could affect Russian manganese demand in the future. 10 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"34 1","pages":"293-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640938","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59717135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-04-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1993.10640927
A. R. Bond, R. Clem, C. D. Harris, T. Heleniak, Robert A. Lewis, M. J. Sagers, L. Schwartz, D. Shaw, D. V. Atta, V. Winston
A panel of geographers, demographers, and political scientists debates a broad spectrum of urgent social issues confronting the successor states of the former USSR. Particular emphasis is given to an examination of problems emerging as a result of unequal rates of population and labor force growth; interethnic tensions; the “stranding” of members of particular nationalities (e.g., Russians) outside officially recognized homelands as former SSR boundaries become international borders; refugee flows generated by armed conflicts; fractious industry-government-labor relations in the economy; unemployment; and divergent policies and attitudes toward privatization in city (housing) and countryside (peasant farms). 7 tables, 7 graphs, 6 maps, 68 references.
{"title":"Geography of Human Resources in the Post-Soviet Realm: A Panel","authors":"A. R. Bond, R. Clem, C. D. Harris, T. Heleniak, Robert A. Lewis, M. J. Sagers, L. Schwartz, D. Shaw, D. V. Atta, V. Winston","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1993.10640927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640927","url":null,"abstract":"A panel of geographers, demographers, and political scientists debates a broad spectrum of urgent social issues confronting the successor states of the former USSR. Particular emphasis is given to an examination of problems emerging as a result of unequal rates of population and labor force growth; interethnic tensions; the “stranding” of members of particular nationalities (e.g., Russians) outside officially recognized homelands as former SSR boundaries become international borders; refugee flows generated by armed conflicts; fractious industry-government-labor relations in the economy; unemployment; and divergent policies and attitudes toward privatization in city (housing) and countryside (peasant farms). 7 tables, 7 graphs, 6 maps, 68 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"34 1","pages":"219-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640927","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59717026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-03-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1993.10640926
G. Stevenson
An American economist stationed in the former USSR, based on interviews and data gathering at different levels of the territorial-administrative hierarchy, examines the evolution of processes of budget formation and still pervasive income redistribution in Belarus'. Considerable attention is devoted to the functioning of mechanisms of allocating and redistributing expenditures and collecting revenues among urban rayons in Minsk city and among oblast-level units in Belarus'. A particular focus is documentation of the devolution of responsibility for social spending from the central government to local levels of authority, as well as mechanisms through which local governments attempt to respond to pressing human needs. 8 tables, 8 references.
{"title":"Changing Patterns of Fiscal Interdependence: Social Financing and Expenditure in Belarus'","authors":"G. Stevenson","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1993.10640926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640926","url":null,"abstract":"An American economist stationed in the former USSR, based on interviews and data gathering at different levels of the territorial-administrative hierarchy, examines the evolution of processes of budget formation and still pervasive income redistribution in Belarus'. Considerable attention is devoted to the functioning of mechanisms of allocating and redistributing expenditures and collecting revenues among urban rayons in Minsk city and among oblast-level units in Belarus'. A particular focus is documentation of the devolution of responsibility for social spending from the central government to local levels of authority, as well as mechanisms through which local governments attempt to respond to pressing human needs. 8 tables, 8 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"34 1","pages":"185-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640926","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59716979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-03-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1993.10640924
A. Treyvish, K. Pandit, A. R. Bond
{"title":"Macrostructural Employment Shifts and Urbanization in the Former USSR: An International Perspective","authors":"A. Treyvish, K. Pandit, A. R. Bond","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1993.10640924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640924","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"34 1","pages":"157-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640924","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59716971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-02-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1993.10640921
Leslie Dienes
A senior American economist and geographer specializing in energy and regional development issues examines engineering and geological constraints on Russian oil production for the decade of the 1990s and their implications for production costs and exports. The study is based on the Russian and world literature, as well as recent personal interviews with Russian specialists. It critically evaluates the relationship between general economic conditions and the health of the oil industry and assesses the realism of a state long-term plan for oil production in light of reserve characteristics and production cost trends in the 1990s. 2 maps, 7 graphs, 5 tables, 37 references.
{"title":"Prospects for Russian Oil in the 1990s: Reserves and Costs","authors":"Leslie Dienes","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1993.10640921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640921","url":null,"abstract":"A senior American economist and geographer specializing in energy and regional development issues examines engineering and geological constraints on Russian oil production for the decade of the 1990s and their implications for production costs and exports. The study is based on the Russian and world literature, as well as recent personal interviews with Russian specialists. It critically evaluates the relationship between general economic conditions and the health of the oil industry and assesses the realism of a state long-term plan for oil production in light of reserve characteristics and production cost trends in the 1990s. 2 maps, 7 graphs, 5 tables, 37 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"34 1","pages":"79-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640921","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59716886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-02-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1993.10640922
R. Rose, Yevgeniy Tikhomirov
Drawing upon an innovative program of surveys in Russia and Eastern Europe, a prominent Western public policy specialist and Russian geographer present an important empirical study demonstrating a wide diffusion of subsistence food production by both urban and rural households in Eastern Europe and by urban households in Russia. With access to land, rather than occupational specialization, determining who grows food in the stressful 1990s, the paper, based on an extensive survey in 1991 and 1992 with 3,550 Bulgarian, Czechoslovak, and Polish respondents and 2,100 Russian, reveals that most people in the post-Soviet realm consume the food that they produce. 1 diagram, 7 tables, 25 references.
{"title":"Who Grows Food in Russia and Eastern Europe","authors":"R. Rose, Yevgeniy Tikhomirov","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1993.10640922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640922","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing upon an innovative program of surveys in Russia and Eastern Europe, a prominent Western public policy specialist and Russian geographer present an important empirical study demonstrating a wide diffusion of subsistence food production by both urban and rural households in Eastern Europe and by urban households in Russia. With access to land, rather than occupational specialization, determining who grows food in the stressful 1990s, the paper, based on an extensive survey in 1991 and 1992 with 3,550 Bulgarian, Czechoslovak, and Polish respondents and 2,100 Russian, reveals that most people in the post-Soviet realm consume the food that they produce. 1 diagram, 7 tables, 25 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"34 1","pages":"111-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640922","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59716927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-02-01DOI: 10.1080/10605851.1993.10640923
M. J. Sagers, V. Kryukov
An American expert on the energy and chemical industry of the former USSR and a Russian specialist and economic advisor to the government of Tyumen' Oblast survey current problems in hydrocarbon processing (e.g., the petrochemical industry) in the former USSR's most important oil and gas producing region. The paper also traces the evolution of the hydrocarbon processing industry through three stages of its development, identifies major factors influencing that development, and examines changes that will be affecting the way that it functions in the future. 4 tables, 19 references.
{"title":"The Hydrocarbon Processing Industry In West Siberia","authors":"M. J. Sagers, V. Kryukov","doi":"10.1080/10605851.1993.10640923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640923","url":null,"abstract":"An American expert on the energy and chemical industry of the former USSR and a Russian specialist and economic advisor to the government of Tyumen' Oblast survey current problems in hydrocarbon processing (e.g., the petrochemical industry) in the former USSR's most important oil and gas producing region. The paper also traces the evolution of the hydrocarbon processing industry through three stages of its development, identifies major factors influencing that development, and examines changes that will be affecting the way that it functions in the future. 4 tables, 19 references.","PeriodicalId":85331,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography","volume":"34 1","pages":"127-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10605851.1993.10640923","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59716937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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