Ikatan Dokter, Indonesia Wilayah, Jawa Timur, Nur Sophia, Matin, Regina Ayu Fristiyanti, Safrina Dewi, N. Nurdiana, S. Santoso, B. Rahardjo
Introduction: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is an infection of the vaginal mucosa that extends to the vulva due to excessive growth of Candida albicans, causing a progressive decrease of Lactobacillus spp., as the main of normal flora. Decrease in the number of Lactobacillus spp. causes a reduction of lactic acid production that it was causing increasing vaginal pH. The increase in pH is due to the progressive growth of C. albicans colonies in the vaginal mucosa. In addition, the mechanism of candidiasis is also influenced by the secretion of virulence factors by C. albicans. Secreted Aspartyl Protease-5 (SAP5) is the dominant virulence factor that plays a role in changing the morphology of yeast cells into hyphae. This study aims to identify the correlation between SAP5 levels and vaginal pH. Material and Methods: This research was conducted in vivo using a sample of Rattus norvegicus with a posttest randomized experimental group design approach. This study has two groups, i.e., Negative Control (NC) and Positive Control group (PC). SAP5 and pH samples were taken from vaginal fluids and then measured using ELISA and a digital pH meter. The statistical analysis used was Pearson Correlation to analyze the correlation between SAP5 and pH levels. Results: There was a strong correlation (R=0.846) that means the increase of SAP5 is related to the increase of vaginal acidity in the PC group. Conclusion: The increase in SAP5 levels is directly followed by an increase in the pH value of vaginal fluids,
{"title":"Correlation between Secreted Aspartyl Protease-5 (SAP5) on Increasing Vaginal Acidity in Vulvovaginal Candidiasis","authors":"Ikatan Dokter, Indonesia Wilayah, Jawa Timur, Nur Sophia, Matin, Regina Ayu Fristiyanti, Safrina Dewi, N. Nurdiana, S. Santoso, B. Rahardjo","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.116","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is an infection of the vaginal mucosa that extends to the vulva due to excessive growth of Candida albicans, causing a progressive decrease of Lactobacillus spp., as the main of normal flora. Decrease in the number of Lactobacillus spp. causes a reduction of lactic acid production that it was causing increasing vaginal pH. The increase in pH is due to the progressive growth of C. albicans colonies in the vaginal mucosa. In addition, the mechanism of candidiasis is also influenced by the secretion of virulence factors by C. albicans. Secreted Aspartyl Protease-5 (SAP5) is the dominant virulence factor that plays a role in changing the morphology of yeast cells into hyphae. This study aims to identify the correlation between SAP5 levels and vaginal pH.\u0000Material and Methods: This research was conducted in vivo using a sample of Rattus norvegicus with a posttest randomized experimental group design approach. This study has two groups, i.e., Negative Control (NC) and Positive Control group (PC). SAP5 and pH samples were taken from vaginal fluids and then measured using ELISA and a digital pH meter. The statistical analysis used was Pearson Correlation to analyze the correlation between SAP5 and pH levels.\u0000Results: There was a strong correlation (R=0.846) that means the increase of SAP5 is related to the increase of vaginal acidity in the PC group.\u0000Conclusion: The increase in SAP5 levels is directly followed by an increase in the pH value of vaginal fluids,","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82268633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked disorder presenting in early childhood and characterized by proximal muscle weakness and calf hypertrophy in affected boys associated with a functional deficiency of dystrophin. The incidence of these cases reached 1 in 3500-6000 male births. Research at RSUPN Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) showed that DMD is the second most frequent neuromuscular disorder in children regardless there is no prevalence data available yet in Indonesia. It is quite complicated to diagnose DMD due to the limited facilities of genetic testing and its high cost. Case Presentation: A 7-year-old boy came with the main complaint of weakness in both legs progressively two years before admission. He had to hold onto the floor and then both knees when started to stand. There was a history of motor and speech delay but family history was denied. Vital signs and nutritional status were within normal. Laboratory examination revealed significantly elevated levels of CK, ALT, and AST. The EMG result supported the presence of myopathy. Due to a lack of facilities, genetic testing or muscle biopsy could not be done. He received prednisone once a day with a 14 mg dose and was scheduled to attend regular physiotherapy. Conclusion: In a limited facilities area, the clinician should have a suspicion of DMD not only by anamnesis and clinical features, but also by considering the elevated levels of CK and myopathies on EMG.
{"title":"Suspicion of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy in A 7-Year-Old Madurese Boy: A Rare Case Report","authors":"Suci Rizalah Islamiyah, Garata Dwi, Yulia Nurul Putri, Suci Rizalah","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.88","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked disorder presenting in early childhood and characterized by proximal muscle weakness and calf hypertrophy in affected boys associated with a functional deficiency of dystrophin. The incidence of these cases reached 1 in 3500-6000 male births. Research at RSUPN Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) showed that DMD is the second most frequent neuromuscular disorder in children regardless there is no prevalence data available yet in Indonesia. It is quite complicated to diagnose DMD due to the limited facilities of genetic testing and its high cost.\u0000Case Presentation: A 7-year-old boy came with the main complaint of weakness in both legs progressively two years before admission. He had to hold onto the floor and then both knees when started to stand. There was a history of motor and speech delay but family history was denied. Vital signs and nutritional status were within normal. Laboratory examination revealed significantly elevated levels of CK, ALT, and AST. The EMG result supported the presence of myopathy. Due to a lack of facilities, genetic testing or muscle biopsy could not be done. He received prednisone once a day with a 14 mg dose and was scheduled to attend regular physiotherapy.\u0000Conclusion: In a limited facilities area, the clinician should have a suspicion of DMD not only by anamnesis and clinical features, but also by considering the elevated levels of CK and myopathies on EMG.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90670122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
All parts of Indonesia need medical doctors, but it is not a simple thing to be solved. The world of medicine in Indonesia faces many internal problems, specifically regarding medical doctor distribution. Where do the medical doctors in Indonesia reside? Recently many areas in Indonesia experienced a ratio between doctors and population of more than 1 : 1000. Data From the Indonesia Medical Council (KKI) and Indonesia Medical doctor association (IDI) in the year 2023 total number of medical doctors are 214,878 doctors, dominated by general physician 165,453 doctors, and followed by doctors specialist 49,425. Total dentists are 41,940, and dentist specialists are 5,201. The fundamental problems, according to population ratios, is related to geographical and demographic handicap because Indonesia is an archipelago country with more than 17,000 islands with more than 280 million populations, with many specific problems in access, communication, transportation system, socio-economic, cultural, and leadership.
{"title":"Shortages of Medical Doctors in Indonesia, Is It True?","authors":"Sutrisno, MD, PhD, OG (REI)","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.121","url":null,"abstract":"All parts of Indonesia need medical doctors, but it is not a simple thing to be solved. The world of medicine in Indonesia faces many internal problems, specifically regarding medical doctor distribution. Where do the medical doctors in Indonesia reside? Recently many areas in Indonesia experienced a ratio between doctors and population of more than 1 : 1000. Data From the Indonesia Medical Council (KKI) and Indonesia Medical doctor association (IDI) in the year 2023 total number of medical doctors are 214,878 doctors, dominated by general physician 165,453 doctors, and followed by doctors specialist 49,425. Total dentists are 41,940, and dentist specialists are 5,201. The fundamental problems, according to population ratios, is related to geographical and demographic handicap because Indonesia is an archipelago country with more than 17,000 islands with more than 280 million populations, with many specific problems in access, communication, transportation system, socio-economic, cultural, and leadership.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84361901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akhyar Nur Uhud, B. Welantika, Senda Sulvain, T. Y. Aden
Introduction: Enhanced Recovery After Caesarean Surgery (ERACS) is a new concept that combines various evidence-based perioperative care to reduce post-operative complications and accelerate patient recovery after Caesarean Surgery (C-Section). The advantages of the ERACS Protocol, including accelerating patients' recoveries, shortening hospital stays, and reducing post-operative complications, make it suitable to be applied in floating hospitals. The problem is whether this protocol can be applied if it is carried out in a floating hospital with all its limitations. We would like to present our case series with modified ERACS protocol in Floating Hospital Ksatria Airlangga. Case Presentation: We present 4 patients scheduled for elective C-Section. Neuraxial opioids with low-dose morphine, the most frequently used technique in ERACS, were not administered due to its unavailability in Ksatria Airlangga Floating Hospital. We provide pre-emptive analgesia and multimodal analgesia to obtain adequate perioperative analgesia. All patients were admitted to the nearest public health centre for post-operative observation and discharged after 1 to 2 days. Satisfaction was achieved in all patients without any significant postoperative complications. Conclusion: The ERACS protocols’ main goal can be achieved even under limited conditions, but several adjustments are required according to the available resources.
剖宫产术后增强恢复(Enhanced Recovery After Caesarean Surgery, ERACS)是一种结合各种循证围手术期护理的新概念，旨在减少剖宫产术后并发症，加速患者恢复。ERACS方案具有加速患者康复、缩短住院时间、减少术后并发症等优点，适合在浮动医院推广应用。问题是，如果在具有所有局限性的流动医院执行该协议，是否可以适用。我们想介绍我们在Ksatria Airlangga浮动医院采用修改后的ERACS方案的病例系列。病例介绍:我们报告了4例计划择期剖腹产的患者。由于Ksatria Airlangga流动医院无法提供低剂量吗啡，因此没有使用ERACS中最常用的低剂量吗啡的轴向阿片类药物。我们提供了先发制人的镇痛和多模式的镇痛，以获得足够的围手术期镇痛。所有患者均在最近的公共卫生中心接受术后观察，1 ~ 2天后出院。所有患者均满意，无明显术后并发症。结论:在有限的条件下，ERACS协议的主要目标是可以实现的，但需要根据现有资源进行一些调整。
{"title":"Implementation of Early Recovery After Caesarean Surgery Protocol in Floating Hospital (Case Series)","authors":"Akhyar Nur Uhud, B. Welantika, Senda Sulvain, T. Y. Aden","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.67","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Enhanced Recovery After Caesarean Surgery (ERACS) is a new concept that combines various evidence-based perioperative care to reduce post-operative complications and accelerate patient recovery after Caesarean Surgery (C-Section). The advantages of the ERACS Protocol, including accelerating patients' recoveries, shortening hospital stays, and reducing post-operative complications, make it suitable to be applied in floating hospitals. The problem is whether this protocol can be applied if it is carried out in a floating hospital with all its limitations. We would like to present our case series with modified ERACS protocol in Floating Hospital Ksatria Airlangga.\u0000Case Presentation: We present 4 patients scheduled for elective C-Section. Neuraxial opioids with low-dose morphine, the most frequently used technique in ERACS, were not administered due to its unavailability in Ksatria Airlangga Floating Hospital. We provide pre-emptive analgesia and multimodal analgesia to obtain adequate perioperative analgesia. All patients were admitted to the nearest public health centre for post-operative observation and discharged after 1 to 2 days. Satisfaction was achieved in all patients without any significant postoperative complications.\u0000Conclusion: The ERACS protocols’ main goal can be achieved even under limited conditions, but several adjustments are required according to the available resources.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80532789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ikatan Dokter, Indonesia Wilayah, Jawa Timur, María Antonia, Barbara Batu Mali, Siskanita Nur Fitriana, S. Sutrisno, H. Khotimah, Wayan Arsana Wiyasa, W. Indrawan
Introduction: Endometriosis is a medical condition in which there is abnormal growth of tissue resembling the endometrium outside the uterus. It can cause symptoms of pain and/or infertility. The current medical therapy focuses on reducing estradiol levels or stimulating progesterone response. One of the most effective options for medical treatment is the use of GnRH analogs. Dienogest have a direct anti-inflammatory effect on endometriotic stromal cells. However, a comparison of the anti-inflammatory effects of these drugs on IFN-Ɣ has not been previously investigated. Therefore, this study aims to compare the effects of reducing IFN-Ɣ by both Dienogest and Leuprolide Acetat in a mouse model. Material and Methods: This study employed a post-test only control group design and involved 4 groups, namely the negative control group, positive control group, and two treatment groups: one group administered Dienogest at a dosage of 0.0052 milligrams per day for 14 days, and the other administered Leuprolide Acetat at a dosage of 0.00975 milligrams once every 5 days for a period of 14 days. Serum IFN-Ɣ levels were measured using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The data were subsequently analyzed using IBM SPSS 25 with One-Way ANOVA test. Results: This study demonstrated that Leuprolide Acetat significantly decreased serum levels of IFN-Ɣ, whereas Dienogest actually increased the levels . Conclusion: In a mouse model of endometriosis (Mus musculus), Leuprolide Acetat effectively reduced the levels of IFN-Ɣ (pro-inflammatory). Conversely, Dienogest increased the levels of IFN-Ɣ (anti-inflammatory) in the mouse model of endometriosis.
{"title":"Comparison of the Effects of Dienogest and Leuprolide Acetat on Serum Interferon (IFN-Ɣ) Levels in a Mouse Model of Endometriosis (Mus musculus)","authors":"Ikatan Dokter, Indonesia Wilayah, Jawa Timur, María Antonia, Barbara Batu Mali, Siskanita Nur Fitriana, S. Sutrisno, H. Khotimah, Wayan Arsana Wiyasa, W. Indrawan","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.111","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Endometriosis is a medical condition in which there is abnormal growth of tissue resembling the endometrium outside the uterus. It can cause symptoms of pain and/or infertility. The current medical therapy focuses on reducing estradiol levels or stimulating progesterone response. One of the most effective options for medical treatment is the use of GnRH analogs. Dienogest have a direct anti-inflammatory effect on endometriotic stromal cells. However, a comparison of the anti-inflammatory effects of these drugs on IFN-Ɣ has not been previously investigated. Therefore, this study aims to compare the effects of reducing IFN-Ɣ by both Dienogest and Leuprolide Acetat in a mouse model.\u0000Material and Methods: This study employed a post-test only control group design and involved 4 groups, namely the negative control group, positive control group, and two treatment groups: one group administered Dienogest at a dosage of 0.0052 milligrams per day for 14 days, and the other administered Leuprolide Acetat at a dosage of 0.00975 milligrams once every 5 days for a period of 14 days. Serum IFN-Ɣ levels were measured using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The data were subsequently analyzed using IBM SPSS 25 with One-Way ANOVA test.\u0000Results: This study demonstrated that Leuprolide Acetat significantly decreased serum levels of IFN-Ɣ, whereas Dienogest actually increased the levels .\u0000Conclusion: In a mouse model of endometriosis (Mus musculus), Leuprolide Acetat effectively reduced the levels of IFN-Ɣ (pro-inflammatory). Conversely, Dienogest increased the levels of IFN-Ɣ (anti-inflammatory) in the mouse model of endometriosis.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90392057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a condition in which ovarian function decreases or follicles are depleted in women aged less than 40 years. Calcium, along with vitamin D, is a mineral with many benefits for the reproduction system. This review is written to observe the effect of calcium on ovarian fertility biomarkers in premature ovarian failure. Methods: The literatures search was conducted utilizing numerous search engines, namely PubMed, Cochrane, Springer, Science Direct, Nature, and Google Scholar. Article publication year was restricted from 2016 to 2022. Article search keywords included “calcium”, “vitamin D”, “premature ovarian failure”, “premature ovarian insufficiency”, “amenorrhoea”, “ovarian reserve biomarkers”, “estradiol”, “follicle stimulating hormone”, and “luteinizing hormone”. Article selection was performed using the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols guidelines (PRISMA-P). The first author’s name, publication year, samples number, age range of subjects, duration of data collection, geographical setting, study design, and conclusions of research results were extracted from the selected paper. Results: 8397 articles were obtained from the six search engines. 13 articles met the inclusion criteria. Research conducted by Iran reported a significant correlation between vitamin D levels and AMH levels (p<0.001). In comparison, the research in Bangladesh showed a significant positive correlation between vitamin D levels and AMH levels (r=0.433; p=0.001) and vitamin D levels and AFC values (r=0.419; r=0.001). However, 11 other researchers reported contradictory results. Conclusion: The calcium and vitamin D effect on reproductive health related to POF occurrence is still inconsistent. Therefore, observational and experimental research is needed to analyze this topic.
{"title":"The Effect of Calcium on Biomarkers of Ovarian Fertility in Premature Ovarian Failure: A Systematic Review","authors":"Sutrisno Sutrisno, None Tri Aji Bangun Nuswantoro","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.29","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a condition in which ovarian function decreases or follicles are depleted in women aged less than 40 years. Calcium, along with vitamin D, is a mineral with many benefits for the reproduction system. This review is written to observe the effect of calcium on ovarian fertility biomarkers in premature ovarian failure. Methods: The literatures search was conducted utilizing numerous search engines, namely PubMed, Cochrane, Springer, Science Direct, Nature, and Google Scholar. Article publication year was restricted from 2016 to 2022. Article search keywords included “calcium”, “vitamin D”, “premature ovarian failure”, “premature ovarian insufficiency”, “amenorrhoea”, “ovarian reserve biomarkers”, “estradiol”, “follicle stimulating hormone”, and “luteinizing hormone”. Article selection was performed using the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols guidelines (PRISMA-P). The first author’s name, publication year, samples number, age range of subjects, duration of data collection, geographical setting, study design, and conclusions of research results were extracted from the selected paper. Results: 8397 articles were obtained from the six search engines. 13 articles met the inclusion criteria. Research conducted by Iran reported a significant correlation between vitamin D levels and AMH levels (p<0.001). In comparison, the research in Bangladesh showed a significant positive correlation between vitamin D levels and AMH levels (r=0.433; p=0.001) and vitamin D levels and AFC values (r=0.419; r=0.001). However, 11 other researchers reported contradictory results. Conclusion: The calcium and vitamin D effect on reproductive health related to POF occurrence is still inconsistent. Therefore, observational and experimental research is needed to analyze this topic.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135444608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Endometriosis is the endometrial tissue proliferation outside the uterine space. Anti-angiogenic agents from different groups of substances are currently being discussed as promising therapies for the treatment of endometriosis in the future, one of which is therapy using the phytoestrogen genistein. At the molecular level, genistein's effects on cells include inhibition of proliferation, induction of differentiation, apoptosis, and cell arrest in the cell cycle, which are related to the transforming growth factor. Genistein inhibits cell growth by modulating the signal-transforming growth factor pathway. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Proquest from its inception to December 2022 to collect observational and interventional studies of Genistein consumption in endometriosis mice. Two authors independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. Safety analysis was assessed through TNF-α and IL-6 values of estrogen expression. Results: No significant difference in the values of IL-6 and TNF-α in rats with endometriosis that were given genistein at these three doses. However, if analyzed further, the IL-6 outcome compared to the 0.78mg/day dose most affected the IL-6 value between the two groups, and the TNF-α output compared to the 0.78 mg/day dose most affected the TNF-α value between the two groups. So, a genistein dose of 0.78 mg/day can affect IL-6 and TNF-α in mice with endometriosis. Conclusion: Genistein modulated estrogen expression of TNF-α and IL-6 at all doses, but the best dose for its effect was 0.78 mg/day.
{"title":"Genistein Effect on Estrogen Receptor especially Interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Mice Model of Endometriosis: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Sutrisno Sutrisno, Lovin Destikatari","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i1.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i1.90","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Endometriosis is the endometrial tissue proliferation outside the uterine space. Anti-angiogenic agents from different groups of substances are currently being discussed as promising therapies for the treatment of endometriosis in the future, one of which is therapy using the phytoestrogen genistein. At the molecular level, genistein's effects on cells include inhibition of proliferation, induction of differentiation, apoptosis, and cell arrest in the cell cycle, which are related to the transforming growth factor. Genistein inhibits cell growth by modulating the signal-transforming growth factor pathway.\u0000Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Proquest from its inception to December 2022 to collect observational and interventional studies of Genistein consumption in endometriosis mice. Two authors independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. Safety analysis was assessed through TNF-α and IL-6 values of estrogen expression.\u0000Results: No significant difference in the values of IL-6 and TNF-α in rats with endometriosis that were given genistein at these three doses. However, if analyzed further, the IL-6 outcome compared to the 0.78mg/day dose most affected the IL-6 value between the two groups, and the TNF-α output compared to the 0.78 mg/day dose most affected the TNF-α value between the two groups. So, a genistein dose of 0.78 mg/day can affect IL-6 and TNF-α in mice with endometriosis.\u0000Conclusion: Genistein modulated estrogen expression of TNF-α and IL-6 at all doses, but the best dose for its effect was 0.78 mg/day.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79425190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The use of digital devices has increased across all age groups and professional fields, making them inseparable from everyday life. This increase in the duration of screen-based activities causes various symptoms of eye health problems. This study aimed to determine the prediction of the relationship and influence between Screen-Based Activity (SBA) and the incidence of Digital Eye Syndrome (DES) in children aged 9-12 years in Peniwen Village, Malang. Material and Methods: This study used a cross-sectional analytical observational design. There were 62 respondents in the research samples, or the same number as the total population. The analysis technique used in this study is the Partial Leas Square (PLS) modeling technique with testing using software such as SmartPLS (v3.2.9). Results: Based on the results of the analysis, obtained t-count (23.821) is greater than the t-table (1.96), meaning that there is a relationship and influence between SBA variables on DES. The correlation coefficient of SBA to DES is positive 0.818 which means the higher the Screen Based Activity, the higher the risk of Digital Eye Strain. The use of handphone (X2) is an indicator of SBA with the highest correlation strength of 88.1%. Conclusion: There is an association between the duration of Screen Based Activity and the incidence of Digital Eye Strain in children. The higher the Screen Based Activity, the higher the risk of Digital Eye Strain. In addition, the use of handphones has the highest correlation in influencing the occurrence of Digital Eye Strain in school-age children in Peniwen Village.
数字设备的使用在各个年龄段和专业领域都有所增加，使它们与日常生活密不可分。看屏幕时间的增加会导致眼睛健康问题的各种症状。本研究旨在预测玛琅彭尼文村9-12岁儿童屏幕活动(Screen-Based Activity, SBA)与数字眼综合征(Digital Eye Syndrome, DES)发病率的关系及影响。材料和方法:本研究采用横断面分析观察设计。调查样本中有62名受访者，与总人口数量相同。本研究中使用的分析技术是偏最小二乘(PLS)建模技术，并使用SmartPLS (v3.2.9)等软件进行测试。结果:根据分析结果，所得t-count(23.821)大于t-table(1.96)，说明SBA各变量对DES存在相关性和影响，SBA与DES的相关系数为正0.818，说明Screen Based Activity越高，数字眼疲劳的风险越高。手机使用(X2)是SBA的一个指标，相关强度最高，为88.1%。结论:基于屏幕的活动时间与儿童数字眼疲劳发生率之间存在关联。屏幕活动越频繁，数字眼疲劳的风险就越高。此外，手机使用对培尼文村学龄儿童数码眼疲劳发生的影响相关性最高。
{"title":"Analysis of Screen Based Activity on Digital Eye Strain in School-Age Children in Peniwen Village, Malang, East Java","authors":"Minarni Wartiningsih","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i1.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i1.98","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The use of digital devices has increased across all age groups and professional fields, making them inseparable from everyday life. This increase in the duration of screen-based activities causes various symptoms of eye health problems. This study aimed to determine the prediction of the relationship and influence between Screen-Based Activity (SBA) and the incidence of Digital Eye Syndrome (DES) in children aged 9-12 years in Peniwen Village, Malang.\u0000Material and Methods: This study used a cross-sectional analytical observational design. There were 62 respondents in the research samples, or the same number as the total population. The analysis technique used in this study is the Partial Leas Square (PLS) modeling technique with testing using software such as SmartPLS (v3.2.9).\u0000Results: Based on the results of the analysis, obtained t-count (23.821) is greater than the t-table (1.96), meaning that there is a relationship and influence between SBA variables on DES. The correlation coefficient of SBA to DES is positive 0.818 which means the higher the Screen Based Activity, the higher the risk of Digital Eye Strain. The use of handphone (X2) is an indicator of SBA with the highest correlation strength of 88.1%.\u0000Conclusion: There is an association between the duration of Screen Based Activity and the incidence of Digital Eye Strain in children. The higher the Screen Based Activity, the higher the risk of Digital Eye Strain. In addition, the use of handphones has the highest correlation in influencing the occurrence of Digital Eye Strain in school-age children in Peniwen Village.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78298585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_46_23
K. Shailaja, K. Senthilkumaran, Ubaidulla Uthumansha
Background: Curcumin (CUR) has the potential to treat diabetes, but its low oral bioavailability makes it challenging to use in the treatment of chronic conditions. Objectives: To investigate in vitro–in vivo correlation (IVIVC) of oral biodegradable CUR nanoparticles (NPs) for sustained treatment regimen of diabetics. Materials and Methods: In this study, CUR biodegradable NPs were prepared using Box–Behnken design to optimize the concentration of polymer and process parameters. Results: The optimized formulation was prepared using the values obtained from the Box-Behenken method, 2.5 %w/v of polymer, 3 % w/v of TPP, and 2534 rpm of stirring speed and the actual response was observed 192.31±6.82 nm particle size, 84.26±2.87 % of entrapment efficiency, and 95.22±1.81 % of drug release (Q24 h) with the desirability function of 0.910 which indicated that the model is valid. In vitro release of curcumin from nanoparticles showed prolonged drug release up to 24 h. CUR-NPs administered orally were found to have longer Tmax, higher Cmax, larger AUC, and larger MRT compared to plain CUR. IVIVC model linear regression plots (R2= 0.9949) were obtained by plotting the graph with percent absorbed versus percent dissolved for CUR-NPs. IVIVCs were established for demonstrating the relationship between in vivo absorption and in vitro release. Conclusions: From the results, it can be concluded that this novel CUR-loaded NPs have potential to improve its therapeutic efficacy.
{"title":"In vitro‒in vivo correlation of oral biodegradable curcumin nanoparticles for sustained treatment regimen of diabetics","authors":"K. Shailaja, K. Senthilkumaran, Ubaidulla Uthumansha","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_46_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_46_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Curcumin (CUR) has the potential to treat diabetes, but its low oral bioavailability makes it challenging to use in the treatment of chronic conditions. Objectives: To investigate in vitro–in vivo correlation (IVIVC) of oral biodegradable CUR nanoparticles (NPs) for sustained treatment regimen of diabetics. Materials and Methods: In this study, CUR biodegradable NPs were prepared using Box–Behnken design to optimize the concentration of polymer and process parameters. Results: The optimized formulation was prepared using the values obtained from the Box-Behenken method, 2.5 %w/v of polymer, 3 % w/v of TPP, and 2534 rpm of stirring speed and the actual response was observed 192.31±6.82 nm particle size, 84.26±2.87 % of entrapment efficiency, and 95.22±1.81 % of drug release (Q24 h) with the desirability function of 0.910 which indicated that the model is valid. In vitro release of curcumin from nanoparticles showed prolonged drug release up to 24 h. CUR-NPs administered orally were found to have longer Tmax, higher Cmax, larger AUC, and larger MRT compared to plain CUR. IVIVC model linear regression plots (R2= 0.9949) were obtained by plotting the graph with percent absorbed versus percent dissolved for CUR-NPs. IVIVCs were established for demonstrating the relationship between in vivo absorption and in vitro release. Conclusions: From the results, it can be concluded that this novel CUR-loaded NPs have potential to improve its therapeutic efficacy.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"40 1","pages":"184 - 190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82641996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_29_23
R. Yadav
Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 4 (CPEB 4) is a family member of CPEB proteins that are involved in regulating posttranscriptional expression of mRNAs. These proteins act by binding to cytoplasmic polyadenylation element of genes at their untranslated region with the conservation site of UUUUUAU. CPEB 4 proteins are responsible for modulating gene expression by the process of translational activation or repression by polyadenylation event. Overexpression of CPEB 4 gene has been reported in several classes of cancer such as gastric cancer, neuronal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. CPEB 4 sometimes acts like oncogene and can cause different types of cancer. CPEB 4 protein has been studied in detail in the current research. CPEB 4 protein structure was retrieved from the PDB database with PDB ID: 5DIF and total of 25 ligands were selected through a literature survey, chemical databases, etc., to perform molecular interaction study, docking method was used. Glide docking was done using Schrodinger software, and results were analyzed. Result shows that 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-chromen-4-one (PubChem ID: 5281670) ligand has stable interaction with a Glide score of −8.26 and shows bonds with CPEB 4 protein at positions Lys(A: 924), Gly(B: 791), Asn(A: 879), and Thr(A: 878). These findings can help in modeling suitable ligands against the CPEB 4 protein responsible for several types of cancers.
{"title":"Mining of small interacting ligands with cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 4","authors":"R. Yadav","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_29_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_29_23","url":null,"abstract":"Cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 4 (CPEB 4) is a family member of CPEB proteins that are involved in regulating posttranscriptional expression of mRNAs. These proteins act by binding to cytoplasmic polyadenylation element of genes at their untranslated region with the conservation site of UUUUUAU. CPEB 4 proteins are responsible for modulating gene expression by the process of translational activation or repression by polyadenylation event. Overexpression of CPEB 4 gene has been reported in several classes of cancer such as gastric cancer, neuronal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. CPEB 4 sometimes acts like oncogene and can cause different types of cancer. CPEB 4 protein has been studied in detail in the current research. CPEB 4 protein structure was retrieved from the PDB database with PDB ID: 5DIF and total of 25 ligands were selected through a literature survey, chemical databases, etc., to perform molecular interaction study, docking method was used. Glide docking was done using Schrodinger software, and results were analyzed. Result shows that 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-chromen-4-one (PubChem ID: 5281670) ligand has stable interaction with a Glide score of −8.26 and shows bonds with CPEB 4 protein at positions Lys(A: 924), Gly(B: 791), Asn(A: 879), and Thr(A: 878). These findings can help in modeling suitable ligands against the CPEB 4 protein responsible for several types of cancers.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"201 1","pages":"207 - 211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79941536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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