Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_87_22
S. Idris, A. Fathuldeen, Ahmed Majeed Al-Shammari, E. Khalifah, F. Alrashid, Abdulaziz Alqahtani, F. Alenazi, S. Alruwaili, M. Alshmmri
Objectives: The goal of this study was to explore medical students' perceptions, assess their experiences, and identify obstacles to e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to understand the factors behind its adoption and application as a learning means in the surgery module. Materials and Methods: Data were gathered from undergraduate medical students, at the University of Hail, KSA, in their surgery module using an electronic questionnaire. Subsequently, SPSS version 25.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) has been used for analysis. Results: The study included 72 students, with a participation rate of 85.7%. Students positively perceived technology (M = 4.024 ± 0.94 and P < 0.001). Most respondents (79.5%) claimed that e-learning required less time for studying than the conventional learning technique (M = 4.14 ± 1.052 and P < 0.001). They had positive perceptions of the implications of e-learning (M = 3.92 ± 0.89 and P < 0.001). Regarding the perception toward instructors, 53.9% admitted that when instructors use computer technologies, it adequately met their needs. The mean agreeability to online quizzes was high (M = 3.8264 ± 0.910). More than half preferred the blended style of learning. A-70.9% interested in using e-learning (M = 3.83 ± 1.278 and P < 0.001). There was no statistical difference among genders (P > 0.05). Conclusion: This study addresses the determinants behind the adoption and use of e-learning within the surgery module. Therefore, it will support the event of a rational approach to an effective application of e-learning and look at it as a positive initiative toward development and alteration.
{"title":"Perspectives of Medical Students on E-Learning in the Surgery Module","authors":"S. Idris, A. Fathuldeen, Ahmed Majeed Al-Shammari, E. Khalifah, F. Alrashid, Abdulaziz Alqahtani, F. Alenazi, S. Alruwaili, M. Alshmmri","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_87_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_87_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The goal of this study was to explore medical students' perceptions, assess their experiences, and identify obstacles to e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to understand the factors behind its adoption and application as a learning means in the surgery module. Materials and Methods: Data were gathered from undergraduate medical students, at the University of Hail, KSA, in their surgery module using an electronic questionnaire. Subsequently, SPSS version 25.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) has been used for analysis. Results: The study included 72 students, with a participation rate of 85.7%. Students positively perceived technology (M = 4.024 ± 0.94 and P < 0.001). Most respondents (79.5%) claimed that e-learning required less time for studying than the conventional learning technique (M = 4.14 ± 1.052 and P < 0.001). They had positive perceptions of the implications of e-learning (M = 3.92 ± 0.89 and P < 0.001). Regarding the perception toward instructors, 53.9% admitted that when instructors use computer technologies, it adequately met their needs. The mean agreeability to online quizzes was high (M = 3.8264 ± 0.910). More than half preferred the blended style of learning. A-70.9% interested in using e-learning (M = 3.83 ± 1.278 and P < 0.001). There was no statistical difference among genders (P > 0.05). Conclusion: This study addresses the determinants behind the adoption and use of e-learning within the surgery module. Therefore, it will support the event of a rational approach to an effective application of e-learning and look at it as a positive initiative toward development and alteration.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75537253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_90_22
R. A. Al-Naggar, M. Osman
Introduction: Pharmacological approaches to hyperlipidemia are used in practice to lower lipids, but the benefits in lowering lipid levels also lead to some adverse effects. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to find out how almonds and almond oil affect blood lipids. Methodology: The studies in this systematic review were chosen systematically by searching Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase from the earliest date to March 2021. Two authors independently screened titles and abstracts, followed by screening. Search strategy was conducted using the following keywords: Almond, Prunus, Prunus dulcis, amygdalus, oleum amygdalae, P. amygdalus, Prunus dulcis, Prunus amygdalus dulcis, and P. dulcis; human, person, subject, people, patient, participant, individual, volunteer, elder, senior, geriatric, women, men, adult, woman, and man; and LDL, Lipid, Lipid Profile, blood profile, HDL, Low Density Lipoprotein, TAG, Triglyceride, Triacylglycerol, High Density Lipoprotein, Cholesterol, Lipid regulation, TG Lipid Distribution, Total Cholesterol, Cholesterol, TC Lipid Distribution, cholesterol, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL, LDL-C, lipoprotein, hyperlipidaemia, hypercholesterolaemia, and hyperlipaemia. Results: Overall, the studies demonstrate a significant outcome of almond or almond oil on lowering blood lipid levels, except in three studies. We included 40 clinical trials. In all studies, the average daily intake of almonds was between 10 and 100 g/day. For almond oil, it was 500 ml of almond oil daily. The duration of almond consumption ranged from 3 to 30 weeks. Sample sizes in all strata ranged from 12 to 128 participants. In the 17 strata, subjects were described as generally healthy and in 5 strata as overweight or obese. Conclusions: Consuming almonds or almond oil has a significant effect on lowering lipids.
导读:治疗高脂血症的药理学方法在实践中被用于降低血脂，但降低血脂水平的好处也导致一些不良反应。因此，本系统综述的目的是找出杏仁和杏仁油是如何影响血脂的。方法:本系统综述的研究是通过检索Cochrane、PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和Embase，从最早的日期到2021年3月进行系统选择的。两位作者独立筛选题目和摘要，然后进行筛选。搜索策略采用以下关键词:杏仁、李子、桃李、杏仁、杏仁油、杏仁木、桃李、桃李、桃李;人、人、受试者、人、病人、参与者、个体、志愿者、老年人、老年人、老年人、女性、男性、成人、女性和男性;LDL、脂质、脂质谱、血液谱、HDL、低密度脂蛋白、TAG、甘油三酯、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白、胆固醇、脂质调节、TG脂质分布、总胆固醇、胆固醇、TC脂质分布、胆固醇、总胆固醇、HDL- c、LDL- c、脂蛋白、高脂血症、高胆固醇血症和高脂血症。结果:总的来说，除了三项研究外，研究表明杏仁或杏仁油在降低血脂水平方面有显著的效果。我们纳入了40项临床试验。在所有研究中，杏仁的平均每日摄入量在10到100克/天之间。至于杏仁油，则是每天500毫升。食用杏仁的时间从3到30周不等。所有阶层的样本量从12到128人不等。在17个层次中，受试者被描述为总体健康，在5个层次中被描述为超重或肥胖。结论:食用杏仁或杏仁油具有显著的降脂作用。
{"title":"The Effects of Consuming Almonds and Almond Oil on Blood Lipids: A Systematic Review","authors":"R. A. Al-Naggar, M. Osman","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_90_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_90_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pharmacological approaches to hyperlipidemia are used in practice to lower lipids, but the benefits in lowering lipid levels also lead to some adverse effects. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to find out how almonds and almond oil affect blood lipids. Methodology: The studies in this systematic review were chosen systematically by searching Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase from the earliest date to March 2021. Two authors independently screened titles and abstracts, followed by screening. Search strategy was conducted using the following keywords: Almond, Prunus, Prunus dulcis, amygdalus, oleum amygdalae, P. amygdalus, Prunus dulcis, Prunus amygdalus dulcis, and P. dulcis; human, person, subject, people, patient, participant, individual, volunteer, elder, senior, geriatric, women, men, adult, woman, and man; and LDL, Lipid, Lipid Profile, blood profile, HDL, Low Density Lipoprotein, TAG, Triglyceride, Triacylglycerol, High Density Lipoprotein, Cholesterol, Lipid regulation, TG Lipid Distribution, Total Cholesterol, Cholesterol, TC Lipid Distribution, cholesterol, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL, LDL-C, lipoprotein, hyperlipidaemia, hypercholesterolaemia, and hyperlipaemia. Results: Overall, the studies demonstrate a significant outcome of almond or almond oil on lowering blood lipid levels, except in three studies. We included 40 clinical trials. In all studies, the average daily intake of almonds was between 10 and 100 g/day. For almond oil, it was 500 ml of almond oil daily. The duration of almond consumption ranged from 3 to 30 weeks. Sample sizes in all strata ranged from 12 to 128 participants. In the 17 strata, subjects were described as generally healthy and in 5 strata as overweight or obese. Conclusions: Consuming almonds or almond oil has a significant effect on lowering lipids.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85011863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_34_23
GYasmeen Imtiaz, A Abinaya
Background: Two-wheelers are the most important means of commuting as they provide fast transportation at a low cost in India. Acquired sitting posture for a prolonged period on the bike increases the fatigue level of the Lumbopelvic muscles. Objective: The study aims to find out whether there is a difference in Lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar range of motion (ROM) between bike riders and non-bike riders and to find out the acute effect of isolated muscle activation exercises on Lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM among bike riders. Methodology and Procedure: It is a quasi-experimental study in which the lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM were measured for both bike riders (15) and nonbike riders (15). Isolated lumbopelvic muscle activation exercises were given to bike riders. Postintervention measurement of lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM was measured after 10 days. Outcome measures: were manual muscle testing, modified MRC grading for muscle strength and modified-modified Schober test for lumbar ROM. Results and Conclusion: Results show that the bike riders group has significantly reduced lumbopelvic muscle power and lumbar spine ROM than nonbike riders and isolated lumbopelvic muscle activation exercise has a significant effect on lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM in bike riders.
{"title":"Isolated muscle activation exercises on lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar range of motion among bike riders","authors":"GYasmeen Imtiaz, A Abinaya","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_34_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_34_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Two-wheelers are the most important means of commuting as they provide fast transportation at a low cost in India. Acquired sitting posture for a prolonged period on the bike increases the fatigue level of the Lumbopelvic muscles. Objective: The study aims to find out whether there is a difference in Lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar range of motion (ROM) between bike riders and non-bike riders and to find out the acute effect of isolated muscle activation exercises on Lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM among bike riders. Methodology and Procedure: It is a quasi-experimental study in which the lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM were measured for both bike riders (15) and nonbike riders (15). Isolated lumbopelvic muscle activation exercises were given to bike riders. Postintervention measurement of lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM was measured after 10 days. Outcome measures: were manual muscle testing, modified MRC grading for muscle strength and modified-modified Schober test for lumbar ROM. Results and Conclusion: Results show that the bike riders group has significantly reduced lumbopelvic muscle power and lumbar spine ROM than nonbike riders and isolated lumbopelvic muscle activation exercise has a significant effect on lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM in bike riders.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135104447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The increasing concern regarding body image perception has prompted research attention, particularly among individuals pursuing business management degrees. This study is set within a multi-disciplinary university in Tamil Nadu and focuses on examining the body image perception of business management majors. Aim and Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the relationship between body image perception, personality traits, and resilience among business management majors. The study seeks to understand whether certain factors such as body needs, feelings of inferiority, positive body attitude, and personality traits are linked to resilience levels. MATERIALS AND Methods: The study included 114 participants (N=114) who were enrolled as business management majors in the university. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire that was adapted from established scales. The Body Image Appreciation Scale and Overall Appearance Evaluation from the Body Self Image Questionnaire-Short Form were utilized to assess body image perception. Resilience was measured using the Brief Resilience Scale, and personality traits were evaluated using Eysenck’s Personality Questionnaire. Results: The findings revealed significant associations among various factors. Positive body attitude, feelings of inferiority, and body needs were found to be linked with levels of resilience. Additionally, personality traits demonstrated a connection with resilience levels. A majority of business majors exhibited a positive body image perception, along with average resilience levels. The study indicated that those with extroverted, stable, or neurotic personality traits had similar resilience levels. However, a notable proportion of participants displayed negative body image perceptions, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of investigating body image perception among business management majors. The results suggest a correlation between body image perception, personality traits, and resilience levels. While most participants displayed a positive body image and normal resilience, the presence of negative body image perceptions among a considerable subset highlights the necessity for interventions aimed at addressing this concern. Such interventions could contribute to the overall well-being and success of individuals pursuing business management degrees.
{"title":"Body image perception and mental well-being among university students","authors":"KousalyaV Kumar, MAyesha Siddiqua, Tamilselvan Pachiyappan, Ragukumar Venugopal","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_51_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_51_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The increasing concern regarding body image perception has prompted research attention, particularly among individuals pursuing business management degrees. This study is set within a multi-disciplinary university in Tamil Nadu and focuses on examining the body image perception of business management majors. Aim and Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the relationship between body image perception, personality traits, and resilience among business management majors. The study seeks to understand whether certain factors such as body needs, feelings of inferiority, positive body attitude, and personality traits are linked to resilience levels. MATERIALS AND Methods: The study included 114 participants (N=114) who were enrolled as business management majors in the university. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire that was adapted from established scales. The Body Image Appreciation Scale and Overall Appearance Evaluation from the Body Self Image Questionnaire-Short Form were utilized to assess body image perception. Resilience was measured using the Brief Resilience Scale, and personality traits were evaluated using Eysenck’s Personality Questionnaire. Results: The findings revealed significant associations among various factors. Positive body attitude, feelings of inferiority, and body needs were found to be linked with levels of resilience. Additionally, personality traits demonstrated a connection with resilience levels. A majority of business majors exhibited a positive body image perception, along with average resilience levels. The study indicated that those with extroverted, stable, or neurotic personality traits had similar resilience levels. However, a notable proportion of participants displayed negative body image perceptions, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of investigating body image perception among business management majors. The results suggest a correlation between body image perception, personality traits, and resilience levels. While most participants displayed a positive body image and normal resilience, the presence of negative body image perceptions among a considerable subset highlights the necessity for interventions aimed at addressing this concern. Such interventions could contribute to the overall well-being and success of individuals pursuing business management degrees.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135106004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: In this era of rapidly rising health-care costs, generic medications offer a more cost-effective alternative to branded medications. Aims: The main objective of this study is to evaluate junior (resident) doctors’ knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the prescription of generic medications in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Settings and Design: It is an observational, cross-sectional study held at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: An online, prevalidated questionnaire was used for this study. Results: A total response of 102 resident doctors was recorded. 75.70% (78) of the participants responded positively that generic medicines are cheaper than branded medicines. 68.90% (71) of participants had knowledge regarding Jan Aushadhi Yojana and generic medicine stores. About 90.30% (93) of participants positively suggested conducting a training program to increase the awareness regarding generic medicines and 86.40% (89) of participants suggested promoting the use of generic medicines. However, 26.20% (27) of participants had not read any article on generic medicines and 30.10% (31) participants disagreed with the substitution of a branded drug with a generic medicine by pharmacists. Sixty-five percent (67) of the participants preferred to prescribe generic medicines and 79.60% (82) of participants suggested that they are willing to encourage the patients to use generic medicines. Conclusions: Our study found that the resident doctors were well-versed in the idea of generic medications and their advantages. However, promoting training initiatives, setting up workshops, running journal club meetings, continuing medical education, etc., need to be planned to boost the number of prescriptions for generic drugs.
{"title":"Study of knowledge, attitude, and practice of prescribing generic medicines by resident doctors at a tertiary care teaching hospital","authors":"KeshaAjaykumar Parmar, SnehHemantbhai Dudhia, MaulinDhiren Mehta","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_60_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_60_23","url":null,"abstract":"Context: In this era of rapidly rising health-care costs, generic medications offer a more cost-effective alternative to branded medications. Aims: The main objective of this study is to evaluate junior (resident) doctors’ knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the prescription of generic medications in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Settings and Design: It is an observational, cross-sectional study held at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: An online, prevalidated questionnaire was used for this study. Results: A total response of 102 resident doctors was recorded. 75.70% (78) of the participants responded positively that generic medicines are cheaper than branded medicines. 68.90% (71) of participants had knowledge regarding Jan Aushadhi Yojana and generic medicine stores. About 90.30% (93) of participants positively suggested conducting a training program to increase the awareness regarding generic medicines and 86.40% (89) of participants suggested promoting the use of generic medicines. However, 26.20% (27) of participants had not read any article on generic medicines and 30.10% (31) participants disagreed with the substitution of a branded drug with a generic medicine by pharmacists. Sixty-five percent (67) of the participants preferred to prescribe generic medicines and 79.60% (82) of participants suggested that they are willing to encourage the patients to use generic medicines. Conclusions: Our study found that the resident doctors were well-versed in the idea of generic medications and their advantages. However, promoting training initiatives, setting up workshops, running journal club meetings, continuing medical education, etc., need to be planned to boost the number of prescriptions for generic drugs.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135106012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_80_23
NessrinGhazi Alabdallat, Hana Alanazi, Hadeel Alyenbaawi, Sahar Aldosari, Sadaf Jahan
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the HCV NAT test and HIV NAT test in the recognition of the presence of RNA of HCV and HIV in blood samples from blood donors. Materials and Methods: We collected 2124 specimens of blood from male volunteer blood donors with their age group of 18–60 years who were visiting the blood bank of King Khalid Hospital, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia, from January 2021 to May 2022. The samples from each donor were screened for anti-HCV and HIV Ab-Ag by commercial immunoassays and for qualitative assessments of RNA of HIV-1, HIV-2, and HCV in plasma specimens from each donor of blood by NAT testing. Results: Of the 2124 blood donors studied, 10 (0.47%) were positive for anti-HCV. HCV-NAT testing was non-reactive in all Anti-HCV -positive subjects 100% (10/10), and 1/2114 (0,05%) for Anti-HCV- negative donors was reactive and 2113 (99.95%) were non-reactive. HIV-NAT testing was nonreactive in 100% (2124/2124) of HIV Ab-Ag-negative subjects. Conclusions: The effectiveness of introducing the NAT test was attempted to be evaluated as the implementation of NAT technology has to be thoroughly evaluated for the actual yield in blood safety achieved must be assessed.
{"title":"Evaluation of hepatitis C virus nucleic acid testing and HIV nucleic acid testing for blood donors","authors":"NessrinGhazi Alabdallat, Hana Alanazi, Hadeel Alyenbaawi, Sahar Aldosari, Sadaf Jahan","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_80_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_80_23","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the HCV NAT test and HIV NAT test in the recognition of the presence of RNA of HCV and HIV in blood samples from blood donors. Materials and Methods: We collected 2124 specimens of blood from male volunteer blood donors with their age group of 18–60 years who were visiting the blood bank of King Khalid Hospital, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia, from January 2021 to May 2022. The samples from each donor were screened for anti-HCV and HIV Ab-Ag by commercial immunoassays and for qualitative assessments of RNA of HIV-1, HIV-2, and HCV in plasma specimens from each donor of blood by NAT testing. Results: Of the 2124 blood donors studied, 10 (0.47%) were positive for anti-HCV. HCV-NAT testing was non-reactive in all Anti-HCV -positive subjects 100% (10/10), and 1/2114 (0,05%) for Anti-HCV- negative donors was reactive and 2113 (99.95%) were non-reactive. HIV-NAT testing was nonreactive in 100% (2124/2124) of HIV Ab-Ag-negative subjects. Conclusions: The effectiveness of introducing the NAT test was attempted to be evaluated as the implementation of NAT technology has to be thoroughly evaluated for the actual yield in blood safety achieved must be assessed.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135106194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The highly contagious nature of the coronavirus and improper management of biomedical waste (BMW) may have severe ill effects on the ecosystem. Hence, a study was conducted to evaluate dental health professional knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding biomedical waste management (BWM) during COVID-19 in the National Capital Region of India. Materials and Methods: A structured, self-administered questionnaire was developed regarding BMW management during COVID-19 and distributed among dental health professionals in dental teaching institution. The collected data was analyzed using Chi-square test along with the one-way analysis of variance, and P < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: More than half of the participants were unaware of the correct disposal of pharmaceutical waste and did not change their masks according to the guidelines given by the Central Pollution Control Board during pandemic. The mean knowledge score of faculty was found to be significantly higher when compared to undergraduate and postgraduate students. Conclusions: This study revealed that the level of knowledge regarding BMW management was inadequate among all the participants in the survey. Hence, dental health professionals should be educated regarding the hazards associated with improper waste disposal at all levels and trained in proper BMW management.
{"title":"Knowledge and compliance for current guidelines of biomedical waste management among dental health professionals of national capital region during COVID 19 pandemic","authors":"Ritu Gupta, Lavanya Rohatgi, Vikram Arora, Anubhav Sharma, Shivangi Varshney, Sana Bashir","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_79_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_79_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The highly contagious nature of the coronavirus and improper management of biomedical waste (BMW) may have severe ill effects on the ecosystem. Hence, a study was conducted to evaluate dental health professional knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding biomedical waste management (BWM) during COVID-19 in the National Capital Region of India. Materials and Methods: A structured, self-administered questionnaire was developed regarding BMW management during COVID-19 and distributed among dental health professionals in dental teaching institution. The collected data was analyzed using Chi-square test along with the one-way analysis of variance, and P < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: More than half of the participants were unaware of the correct disposal of pharmaceutical waste and did not change their masks according to the guidelines given by the Central Pollution Control Board during pandemic. The mean knowledge score of faculty was found to be significantly higher when compared to undergraduate and postgraduate students. Conclusions: This study revealed that the level of knowledge regarding BMW management was inadequate among all the participants in the survey. Hence, dental health professionals should be educated regarding the hazards associated with improper waste disposal at all levels and trained in proper BMW management.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135828750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Gingival recession, characterized by root surface exposure due to apical gingival margin migration, is a prevalent condition in the general populace, frequently prompting patient intervention. Mucogingival therapy may be indicated for recession control, plaque management, and dentin hypersensitivity; nevertheless, the consideration of esthetics correction as a therapeutic rationale is increasingly significant in contemporary clinical practice. Objective: The goal of this case series was to evaluate the most esthetic root coverage procedure of the three procedures performed. Methods: Patients with localized recession were treated with three different root coverage procedures, namely the free gingival graft (FGG), connective tissue graft + coronally repositioned flap (CTG + CAF), and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) + coronally positioned flap. The root coverage procedures were assessed for the root coverage esthetic score (RES) system after 6 months. The RES scores of these procedures were compared to determine if one procedure offered a greater esthetic result over the other. Results: All three procedures were effective in obtaining root coverage and improved clinical parameters. However, CTG with CAF, along with complete root coverage (CRC), produced a better esthetic outcome than other root coverage procedures compared in this case series. The success of root coverage procedures is based on the overall esthetic outcome along with CRC. Thus through the incorporation of the RES into everyday clinical practice, clinicians can enhance the accuracy and consistency of their evaluations, leading to improved patient care and optimizing treatment planning.
{"title":"Evaluation of root coverage procedures using root coverage esthetic score system – A case series","authors":"Sangamithra Sidharthan, KVijay Babu, Swetha Subramanian, Arjumand Farooqui, Prerna Ubale","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_82_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_82_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gingival recession, characterized by root surface exposure due to apical gingival margin migration, is a prevalent condition in the general populace, frequently prompting patient intervention. Mucogingival therapy may be indicated for recession control, plaque management, and dentin hypersensitivity; nevertheless, the consideration of esthetics correction as a therapeutic rationale is increasingly significant in contemporary clinical practice. Objective: The goal of this case series was to evaluate the most esthetic root coverage procedure of the three procedures performed. Methods: Patients with localized recession were treated with three different root coverage procedures, namely the free gingival graft (FGG), connective tissue graft + coronally repositioned flap (CTG + CAF), and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) + coronally positioned flap. The root coverage procedures were assessed for the root coverage esthetic score (RES) system after 6 months. The RES scores of these procedures were compared to determine if one procedure offered a greater esthetic result over the other. Results: All three procedures were effective in obtaining root coverage and improved clinical parameters. However, CTG with CAF, along with complete root coverage (CRC), produced a better esthetic outcome than other root coverage procedures compared in this case series. The success of root coverage procedures is based on the overall esthetic outcome along with CRC. Thus through the incorporation of the RES into everyday clinical practice, clinicians can enhance the accuracy and consistency of their evaluations, leading to improved patient care and optimizing treatment planning.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135104433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyze the antimicrobial utilization pattern using the World Health Organization (WHO) indicators with the ultimate goal of ensuring rational drug use to evaluate the policies and procedures in the hospital for the appropriate use of antimicrobials using hospital indicators and prescribing indicators. Materials and Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in the southern part of India, where data from the pharmacy section and 125 patient records each from general medicine, surgery, and intensive care unit patients were taken. Antimicrobials’ prescription and utilization patterns in tertiary care were analyzed using the WHO hospital and prescribing indicators. Results: The hospital indicators were up to the expected level of the WHO standards with standard treatment guidelines (STGs), hospital formulary, and the critical list of antimicrobials available on the assessment day. None of the antibiotics were out of stock during the study period. Around 55.4% of admitted patients were prescribed antibiotics in the prescribing indicators, with the average number of antibiotics per patient being 1.591. With almost 99.7% of antibiotics are prescribed from the hospital formulary list and around 3003.7 INR as the average cost per hospitalization. The average duration of treatment was 4.96 days, with 74.3% of pneumonia patients treated according to the STG. The antimicrobials prescribed with the generic name were only 17.58%. Conclusions: The prescribing pattern of antimicrobial agents in our study site was satisfactory in hospital indicators but less than optimal in a few prescribing indicators, indicating the need for the root cause analysis for less than optimum results.
{"title":"Assessment of antimicrobial utilization pattern using World Health Organization indicators in a tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Swathi Acharya, Nandana Sharma, VenkateshKrishna Mohan","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_74_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_74_23","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyze the antimicrobial utilization pattern using the World Health Organization (WHO) indicators with the ultimate goal of ensuring rational drug use to evaluate the policies and procedures in the hospital for the appropriate use of antimicrobials using hospital indicators and prescribing indicators. Materials and Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in the southern part of India, where data from the pharmacy section and 125 patient records each from general medicine, surgery, and intensive care unit patients were taken. Antimicrobials’ prescription and utilization patterns in tertiary care were analyzed using the WHO hospital and prescribing indicators. Results: The hospital indicators were up to the expected level of the WHO standards with standard treatment guidelines (STGs), hospital formulary, and the critical list of antimicrobials available on the assessment day. None of the antibiotics were out of stock during the study period. Around 55.4% of admitted patients were prescribed antibiotics in the prescribing indicators, with the average number of antibiotics per patient being 1.591. With almost 99.7% of antibiotics are prescribed from the hospital formulary list and around 3003.7 INR as the average cost per hospitalization. The average duration of treatment was 4.96 days, with 74.3% of pneumonia patients treated according to the STG. The antimicrobials prescribed with the generic name were only 17.58%. Conclusions: The prescribing pattern of antimicrobial agents in our study site was satisfactory in hospital indicators but less than optimal in a few prescribing indicators, indicating the need for the root cause analysis for less than optimum results.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135104438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_104_22
S. Kothawade, V. Pande
Context: Antihypertensive effects were achieved by quickly hydrolyzing candesartan cilexetil (CC), an inactive prodrug of candesartan, into active candesartan during absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Due to its weak water solubility, CC has an inadequate intestinal absorption and a low oral bioavailability. Aim: The goal of this study was to make the medication CC more soluble in water. Materials and Methods: Low viscosity hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) E5LV was used to prepare the solid dispersions through spray drying. Results: Study of dissolution, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and X-ray diffraction characterized the prepared solid dispersions. CC amorphized from its crystallized state, as shown by the findings from the SEM, DSC, and X-ray powder diffraction experiments. Comparing pure CC and solid dispersion, the dissolution rate was higher with the former. The surfactant and wetting property of HPMC E5LV slowed devitrification and had an anti-plasticization impact, increasing the solubility and stability of the solid dispersion. Conclusion: The final results indicated that the CC, a weakly water-soluble medication, dissolved much better in the solid dispersions.
{"title":"Formulation optimization of solid dispersion of candesartan cilexetil","authors":"S. Kothawade, V. Pande","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_104_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_104_22","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Antihypertensive effects were achieved by quickly hydrolyzing candesartan cilexetil (CC), an inactive prodrug of candesartan, into active candesartan during absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Due to its weak water solubility, CC has an inadequate intestinal absorption and a low oral bioavailability. Aim: The goal of this study was to make the medication CC more soluble in water. Materials and Methods: Low viscosity hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) E5LV was used to prepare the solid dispersions through spray drying. Results: Study of dissolution, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and X-ray diffraction characterized the prepared solid dispersions. CC amorphized from its crystallized state, as shown by the findings from the SEM, DSC, and X-ray powder diffraction experiments. Comparing pure CC and solid dispersion, the dissolution rate was higher with the former. The surfactant and wetting property of HPMC E5LV slowed devitrification and had an anti-plasticization impact, increasing the solubility and stability of the solid dispersion. Conclusion: The final results indicated that the CC, a weakly water-soluble medication, dissolved much better in the solid dispersions.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76861135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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