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Perspectives of Medical Students on E-Learning in the Surgery Module 医学生对外科模块电子学习的看法
IF 0.4 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_87_22
S. Idris, A. Fathuldeen, Ahmed Majeed Al-Shammari, E. Khalifah, F. Alrashid, Abdulaziz Alqahtani, F. Alenazi, S. Alruwaili, M. Alshmmri
Objectives: The goal of this study was to explore medical students' perceptions, assess their experiences, and identify obstacles to e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to understand the factors behind its adoption and application as a learning means in the surgery module. Materials and Methods: Data were gathered from undergraduate medical students, at the University of Hail, KSA, in their surgery module using an electronic questionnaire. Subsequently, SPSS version 25.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) has been used for analysis. Results: The study included 72 students, with a participation rate of 85.7%. Students positively perceived technology (M = 4.024 ± 0.94 and P < 0.001). Most respondents (79.5%) claimed that e-learning required less time for studying than the conventional learning technique (M = 4.14 ± 1.052 and P < 0.001). They had positive perceptions of the implications of e-learning (M = 3.92 ± 0.89 and P < 0.001). Regarding the perception toward instructors, 53.9% admitted that when instructors use computer technologies, it adequately met their needs. The mean agreeability to online quizzes was high (M = 3.8264 ± 0.910). More than half preferred the blended style of learning. A-70.9% interested in using e-learning (M = 3.83 ± 1.278 and P < 0.001). There was no statistical difference among genders (P > 0.05). Conclusion: This study addresses the determinants behind the adoption and use of e-learning within the surgery module. Therefore, it will support the event of a rational approach to an effective application of e-learning and look at it as a positive initiative toward development and alteration.
目的:本研究的目的是探讨医学生在COVID-19大流行期间对电子学习的看法,评估他们的经历,并确定障碍,以及了解其作为外科模块学习手段的采用和应用背后的因素。材料和方法:使用电子问卷从KSA Hail大学的本科医科学生的外科模块中收集数据。随后,SPSS version 25.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA)被用于分析。结果:共纳入72名学生,参与率为85.7%。学生积极感知科技(M = 4.024±0.94,P < 0.001)。大多数受访者(79.5%)认为网络学习比传统学习方法所需的学习时间更少(M = 4.14±1.052,P < 0.001)。他们对网络学习的影响有积极的认知(M = 3.92±0.89,P < 0.001)。在对教师的看法方面,53.9%的人承认教师使用计算机技术可以充分满足他们的需求。对在线测验的平均接受度较高(M = 3.8264±0.910)。超过一半的学生更喜欢混合式学习方式。A-70.9%对使用电子学习感兴趣(M = 3.83±1.278,P < 0.001)。性别间差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论:本研究解决了外科模块中采用和使用电子学习背后的决定因素。因此,它将支持一种合理的方法来有效地应用电子学习,并将其视为发展和变革的积极举措。
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引用次数: 0
The Effects of Consuming Almonds and Almond Oil on Blood Lipids: A Systematic Review 食用杏仁和杏仁油对血脂的影响:一项系统综述
IF 0.4 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_90_22
R. A. Al-Naggar, M. Osman
Introduction: Pharmacological approaches to hyperlipidemia are used in practice to lower lipids, but the benefits in lowering lipid levels also lead to some adverse effects. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to find out how almonds and almond oil affect blood lipids. Methodology: The studies in this systematic review were chosen systematically by searching Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase from the earliest date to March 2021. Two authors independently screened titles and abstracts, followed by screening. Search strategy was conducted using the following keywords: Almond, Prunus, Prunus dulcis, amygdalus, oleum amygdalae, P. amygdalus, Prunus dulcis, Prunus amygdalus dulcis, and P. dulcis; human, person, subject, people, patient, participant, individual, volunteer, elder, senior, geriatric, women, men, adult, woman, and man; and LDL, Lipid, Lipid Profile, blood profile, HDL, Low Density Lipoprotein, TAG, Triglyceride, Triacylglycerol, High Density Lipoprotein, Cholesterol, Lipid regulation, TG Lipid Distribution, Total Cholesterol, Cholesterol, TC Lipid Distribution, cholesterol, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL, LDL-C, lipoprotein, hyperlipidaemia, hypercholesterolaemia, and hyperlipaemia. Results: Overall, the studies demonstrate a significant outcome of almond or almond oil on lowering blood lipid levels, except in three studies. We included 40 clinical trials. In all studies, the average daily intake of almonds was between 10 and 100 g/day. For almond oil, it was 500 ml of almond oil daily. The duration of almond consumption ranged from 3 to 30 weeks. Sample sizes in all strata ranged from 12 to 128 participants. In the 17 strata, subjects were described as generally healthy and in 5 strata as overweight or obese. Conclusions: Consuming almonds or almond oil has a significant effect on lowering lipids.
导读:治疗高脂血症的药理学方法在实践中被用于降低血脂,但降低血脂水平的好处也导致一些不良反应。因此,本系统综述的目的是找出杏仁和杏仁油是如何影响血脂的。方法:本系统综述的研究是通过检索Cochrane、PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和Embase,从最早的日期到2021年3月进行系统选择的。两位作者独立筛选题目和摘要,然后进行筛选。搜索策略采用以下关键词:杏仁、李子、桃李、杏仁、杏仁油、杏仁木、桃李、桃李、桃李;人、人、受试者、人、病人、参与者、个体、志愿者、老年人、老年人、老年人、女性、男性、成人、女性和男性;LDL、脂质、脂质谱、血液谱、HDL、低密度脂蛋白、TAG、甘油三酯、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白、胆固醇、脂质调节、TG脂质分布、总胆固醇、胆固醇、TC脂质分布、胆固醇、总胆固醇、HDL- c、LDL- c、脂蛋白、高脂血症、高胆固醇血症和高脂血症。结果:总的来说,除了三项研究外,研究表明杏仁或杏仁油在降低血脂水平方面有显著的效果。我们纳入了40项临床试验。在所有研究中,杏仁的平均每日摄入量在10到100克/天之间。至于杏仁油,则是每天500毫升。食用杏仁的时间从3到30周不等。所有阶层的样本量从12到128人不等。在17个层次中,受试者被描述为总体健康,在5个层次中被描述为超重或肥胖。结论:食用杏仁或杏仁油具有显著的降脂作用。
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引用次数: 0
Isolated muscle activation exercises on lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar range of motion among bike riders 单独肌肉激活练习对骑自行车者腰骨盆肌肉力量和腰椎活动范围的影响
Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_34_23
GYasmeen Imtiaz, A Abinaya
Background: Two-wheelers are the most important means of commuting as they provide fast transportation at a low cost in India. Acquired sitting posture for a prolonged period on the bike increases the fatigue level of the Lumbopelvic muscles. Objective: The study aims to find out whether there is a difference in Lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar range of motion (ROM) between bike riders and non-bike riders and to find out the acute effect of isolated muscle activation exercises on Lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM among bike riders. Methodology and Procedure: It is a quasi-experimental study in which the lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM were measured for both bike riders (15) and nonbike riders (15). Isolated lumbopelvic muscle activation exercises were given to bike riders. Postintervention measurement of lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM was measured after 10 days. Outcome measures: were manual muscle testing, modified MRC grading for muscle strength and modified-modified Schober test for lumbar ROM. Results and Conclusion: Results show that the bike riders group has significantly reduced lumbopelvic muscle power and lumbar spine ROM than nonbike riders and isolated lumbopelvic muscle activation exercise has a significant effect on lumbopelvic muscle strength and lumbar ROM in bike riders.
背景:在印度,两轮车是最重要的通勤工具,因为它们提供了快速、低成本的交通工具。在自行车上长时间的坐姿会增加腰骨盆肌肉的疲劳程度。目的:研究骑自行车者与非骑自行车者腰骨盆肌肉力量和腰椎活动度(ROM)是否存在差异,并了解单独肌肉激活运动对骑自行车者腰骨盆肌肉力量和腰椎活动度的急性影响。方法和程序:这是一项准实验研究,其中测量了骑自行车(15)和不骑自行车(15)的腰骨盆肌肉力量和腰椎ROM。对骑自行车的人进行单独的腰骨盆肌肉激活练习。干预后10天测量腰骨盆肌肉力量和腰椎ROM。结果测量:采用手工肌肉测试、改良MRC肌力分级和改良-改良Schober腰椎ROM测试。结果与结论:骑自行车组腰骨盆肌肉力量和腰椎ROM明显低于非骑自行车组,单独的腰骨盆肌肉激活运动对骑自行车者腰骨盆肌肉力量和腰椎ROM有显著影响。
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引用次数: 0
Body image perception and mental well-being among university students 大学生身体意象感知与心理健康
Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_51_23
KousalyaV Kumar, MAyesha Siddiqua, Tamilselvan Pachiyappan, Ragukumar Venugopal
Background: The increasing concern regarding body image perception has prompted research attention, particularly among individuals pursuing business management degrees. This study is set within a multi-disciplinary university in Tamil Nadu and focuses on examining the body image perception of business management majors. Aim and Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the relationship between body image perception, personality traits, and resilience among business management majors. The study seeks to understand whether certain factors such as body needs, feelings of inferiority, positive body attitude, and personality traits are linked to resilience levels. MATERIALS AND Methods: The study included 114 participants (N=114) who were enrolled as business management majors in the university. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire that was adapted from established scales. The Body Image Appreciation Scale and Overall Appearance Evaluation from the Body Self Image Questionnaire-Short Form were utilized to assess body image perception. Resilience was measured using the Brief Resilience Scale, and personality traits were evaluated using Eysenck’s Personality Questionnaire. Results: The findings revealed significant associations among various factors. Positive body attitude, feelings of inferiority, and body needs were found to be linked with levels of resilience. Additionally, personality traits demonstrated a connection with resilience levels. A majority of business majors exhibited a positive body image perception, along with average resilience levels. The study indicated that those with extroverted, stable, or neurotic personality traits had similar resilience levels. However, a notable proportion of participants displayed negative body image perceptions, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of investigating body image perception among business management majors. The results suggest a correlation between body image perception, personality traits, and resilience levels. While most participants displayed a positive body image and normal resilience, the presence of negative body image perceptions among a considerable subset highlights the necessity for interventions aimed at addressing this concern. Such interventions could contribute to the overall well-being and success of individuals pursuing business management degrees.
背景:对身体形象感知的日益关注引起了研究的关注,特别是在攻读商业管理学位的个人中。本研究设置在泰米尔纳德邦的一所多学科大学,重点研究商业管理专业学生的身体形象感知。目的与目的:本研究旨在探讨工商管理专业学生身体形象知觉、人格特质与心理弹性之间的关系。该研究试图了解某些因素,如身体需求、自卑感、积极的身体态度和个性特征是否与恢复能力水平有关。材料与方法:研究纳入114名(N=114)大学工商管理专业学生。数据收集使用半结构化的问卷调查,从既定的尺度改编。采用“身体自我形象问卷-短表”中的“身体形象欣赏量表”和“整体外貌评价”来评估身体形象感知。采用简要心理弹性量表测量心理弹性,采用艾森克人格问卷评估人格特征。结果:各因素之间存在显著的相关性。研究发现,积极的身体态度、自卑感和身体需求与恢复力水平有关。此外,性格特征与恢复能力水平有关。大多数商科专业的学生表现出积极的身体形象感知,以及平均的弹性水平。研究表明,那些性格外向、稳定或神经质的人有相似的恢复能力水平。然而,相当比例的参与者表现出负面的身体形象感知,这强调了有针对性干预的必要性。结论:本研究强调了调查企业管理专业学生身体形象感知的重要性。结果表明,身体形象感知、人格特质和恢复力水平之间存在相关性。虽然大多数参与者表现出积极的身体形象和正常的恢复能力,但在相当一部分人中存在消极的身体形象感知,这凸显了旨在解决这一问题的干预措施的必要性。这些干预措施可能有助于追求商业管理学位的个人的整体福祉和成功。
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引用次数: 0
Study of knowledge, attitude, and practice of prescribing generic medicines by resident doctors at a tertiary care teaching hospital 某三级教学医院住院医师开非专利药的知识、态度和实践研究
Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_60_23
KeshaAjaykumar Parmar, SnehHemantbhai Dudhia, MaulinDhiren Mehta
Context: In this era of rapidly rising health-care costs, generic medications offer a more cost-effective alternative to branded medications. Aims: The main objective of this study is to evaluate junior (resident) doctors’ knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the prescription of generic medications in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Settings and Design: It is an observational, cross-sectional study held at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: An online, prevalidated questionnaire was used for this study. Results: A total response of 102 resident doctors was recorded. 75.70% (78) of the participants responded positively that generic medicines are cheaper than branded medicines. 68.90% (71) of participants had knowledge regarding Jan Aushadhi Yojana and generic medicine stores. About 90.30% (93) of participants positively suggested conducting a training program to increase the awareness regarding generic medicines and 86.40% (89) of participants suggested promoting the use of generic medicines. However, 26.20% (27) of participants had not read any article on generic medicines and 30.10% (31) participants disagreed with the substitution of a branded drug with a generic medicine by pharmacists. Sixty-five percent (67) of the participants preferred to prescribe generic medicines and 79.60% (82) of participants suggested that they are willing to encourage the patients to use generic medicines. Conclusions: Our study found that the resident doctors were well-versed in the idea of generic medications and their advantages. However, promoting training initiatives, setting up workshops, running journal club meetings, continuing medical education, etc., need to be planned to boost the number of prescriptions for generic drugs.
背景:在这个医疗保健费用迅速上升的时代,非专利药物提供了一个更具成本效益的替代品牌药物。目的:本研究的主要目的是评估三级教学医院初级(住院)医生对仿制药处方的知识、态度和做法。背景和设计:这是一项在三级护理教学医院进行的观察性横断面研究。材料与方法:本研究采用在线预验证问卷。结果:共记录102名住院医师的反馈。75.70%(78人)的受访者积极回应仿制药比品牌药便宜。68.90%(71)的参与者了解简·奥沙迪瑜伽法和仿制药商店。90.30%(93人)的参会者积极建议开展非专利药认知培训,86.40%(89人)的参会者积极建议推广非专利药使用。然而,26.20%(27人)的参与者没有阅读过任何关于仿制药的文章,30.10%(31人)的参与者不同意药剂师用仿制药替代品牌药。65%(67人)的受访医生倾向于开具仿制药,79.60%(82人)的受访医生表示愿意鼓励患者使用仿制药。结论:我们的研究发现住院医师对仿制药的概念及其优势都很了解。然而,需要计划促进培训倡议、设立讲习班、举办期刊俱乐部会议、继续医学教育等,以增加仿制药处方的数量。
{"title":"Study of knowledge, attitude, and practice of prescribing generic medicines by resident doctors at a tertiary care teaching hospital","authors":"KeshaAjaykumar Parmar, SnehHemantbhai Dudhia, MaulinDhiren Mehta","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_60_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_60_23","url":null,"abstract":"Context: In this era of rapidly rising health-care costs, generic medications offer a more cost-effective alternative to branded medications. Aims: The main objective of this study is to evaluate junior (resident) doctors’ knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the prescription of generic medications in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Settings and Design: It is an observational, cross-sectional study held at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: An online, prevalidated questionnaire was used for this study. Results: A total response of 102 resident doctors was recorded. 75.70% (78) of the participants responded positively that generic medicines are cheaper than branded medicines. 68.90% (71) of participants had knowledge regarding Jan Aushadhi Yojana and generic medicine stores. About 90.30% (93) of participants positively suggested conducting a training program to increase the awareness regarding generic medicines and 86.40% (89) of participants suggested promoting the use of generic medicines. However, 26.20% (27) of participants had not read any article on generic medicines and 30.10% (31) participants disagreed with the substitution of a branded drug with a generic medicine by pharmacists. Sixty-five percent (67) of the participants preferred to prescribe generic medicines and 79.60% (82) of participants suggested that they are willing to encourage the patients to use generic medicines. Conclusions: Our study found that the resident doctors were well-versed in the idea of generic medications and their advantages. However, promoting training initiatives, setting up workshops, running journal club meetings, continuing medical education, etc., need to be planned to boost the number of prescriptions for generic drugs.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135106012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of hepatitis C virus nucleic acid testing and HIV nucleic acid testing for blood donors 献血者丙型肝炎病毒核酸检测和HIV核酸检测的评价
Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_80_23
NessrinGhazi Alabdallat, Hana Alanazi, Hadeel Alyenbaawi, Sahar Aldosari, Sadaf Jahan
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the HCV NAT test and HIV NAT test in the recognition of the presence of RNA of HCV and HIV in blood samples from blood donors. Materials and Methods: We collected 2124 specimens of blood from male volunteer blood donors with their age group of 18–60 years who were visiting the blood bank of King Khalid Hospital, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia, from January 2021 to May 2022. The samples from each donor were screened for anti-HCV and HIV Ab-Ag by commercial immunoassays and for qualitative assessments of RNA of HIV-1, HIV-2, and HCV in plasma specimens from each donor of blood by NAT testing. Results: Of the 2124 blood donors studied, 10 (0.47%) were positive for anti-HCV. HCV-NAT testing was non-reactive in all Anti-HCV -positive subjects 100% (10/10), and 1/2114 (0,05%) for Anti-HCV- negative donors was reactive and 2113 (99.95%) were non-reactive. HIV-NAT testing was nonreactive in 100% (2124/2124) of HIV Ab-Ag-negative subjects. Conclusions: The effectiveness of introducing the NAT test was attempted to be evaluated as the implementation of NAT technology has to be thoroughly evaluated for the actual yield in blood safety achieved must be assessed.
目的:评价HCV NAT检测和HIV NAT检测对献血者血液样本中HCV和HIV RNA的识别作用。材料与方法:从2021年1月至2022年5月在沙特阿拉伯Al-Majmaah哈立德国王医院血库就诊的18-60岁男性志愿献血者中采集了2124份血液标本。通过商业免疫分析对每个供血者的样本进行抗HCV和HIV抗体- ag筛查,并通过NAT检测对每个供血者血浆标本中HIV-1、HIV-2和HCV的RNA进行定性评估。结果:在研究的2124名献血者中,抗- hcv阳性10人(0.47%)。所有抗- hcv阳性受试者的HCV-NAT检测100%(10/10)无反应,抗- hcv阴性供者的1/2114(0.05%)无反应,2113(99.95%)无反应。HIV- nat检测在100%(2124/2124)的HIV ab - ag阴性受试者中无反应。结论:引入NAT检测的有效性有待于对NAT技术的实施进行彻底的评估,血液安全的实际产量也有待于评估。
{"title":"Evaluation of hepatitis C virus nucleic acid testing and HIV nucleic acid testing for blood donors","authors":"NessrinGhazi Alabdallat, Hana Alanazi, Hadeel Alyenbaawi, Sahar Aldosari, Sadaf Jahan","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_80_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_80_23","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the HCV NAT test and HIV NAT test in the recognition of the presence of RNA of HCV and HIV in blood samples from blood donors. Materials and Methods: We collected 2124 specimens of blood from male volunteer blood donors with their age group of 18–60 years who were visiting the blood bank of King Khalid Hospital, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia, from January 2021 to May 2022. The samples from each donor were screened for anti-HCV and HIV Ab-Ag by commercial immunoassays and for qualitative assessments of RNA of HIV-1, HIV-2, and HCV in plasma specimens from each donor of blood by NAT testing. Results: Of the 2124 blood donors studied, 10 (0.47%) were positive for anti-HCV. HCV-NAT testing was non-reactive in all Anti-HCV -positive subjects 100% (10/10), and 1/2114 (0,05%) for Anti-HCV- negative donors was reactive and 2113 (99.95%) were non-reactive. HIV-NAT testing was nonreactive in 100% (2124/2124) of HIV Ab-Ag-negative subjects. Conclusions: The effectiveness of introducing the NAT test was attempted to be evaluated as the implementation of NAT technology has to be thoroughly evaluated for the actual yield in blood safety achieved must be assessed.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135106194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Knowledge and compliance for current guidelines of biomedical waste management among dental health professionals of national capital region during COVID 19 pandemic COVID - 19大流行期间国家首都地区牙科卫生专业人员对现行生物医学废物管理指南的了解和遵守情况
Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_79_22
Ritu Gupta, Lavanya Rohatgi, Vikram Arora, Anubhav Sharma, Shivangi Varshney, Sana Bashir
Introduction: The highly contagious nature of the coronavirus and improper management of biomedical waste (BMW) may have severe ill effects on the ecosystem. Hence, a study was conducted to evaluate dental health professional knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding biomedical waste management (BWM) during COVID-19 in the National Capital Region of India. Materials and Methods: A structured, self-administered questionnaire was developed regarding BMW management during COVID-19 and distributed among dental health professionals in dental teaching institution. The collected data was analyzed using Chi-square test along with the one-way analysis of variance, and P < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: More than half of the participants were unaware of the correct disposal of pharmaceutical waste and did not change their masks according to the guidelines given by the Central Pollution Control Board during pandemic. The mean knowledge score of faculty was found to be significantly higher when compared to undergraduate and postgraduate students. Conclusions: This study revealed that the level of knowledge regarding BMW management was inadequate among all the participants in the survey. Hence, dental health professionals should be educated regarding the hazards associated with improper waste disposal at all levels and trained in proper BMW management.
{"title":"Knowledge and compliance for current guidelines of biomedical waste management among dental health professionals of national capital region during COVID 19 pandemic","authors":"Ritu Gupta, Lavanya Rohatgi, Vikram Arora, Anubhav Sharma, Shivangi Varshney, Sana Bashir","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_79_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_79_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The highly contagious nature of the coronavirus and improper management of biomedical waste (BMW) may have severe ill effects on the ecosystem. Hence, a study was conducted to evaluate dental health professional knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding biomedical waste management (BWM) during COVID-19 in the National Capital Region of India. Materials and Methods: A structured, self-administered questionnaire was developed regarding BMW management during COVID-19 and distributed among dental health professionals in dental teaching institution. The collected data was analyzed using Chi-square test along with the one-way analysis of variance, and P < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: More than half of the participants were unaware of the correct disposal of pharmaceutical waste and did not change their masks according to the guidelines given by the Central Pollution Control Board during pandemic. The mean knowledge score of faculty was found to be significantly higher when compared to undergraduate and postgraduate students. Conclusions: This study revealed that the level of knowledge regarding BMW management was inadequate among all the participants in the survey. Hence, dental health professionals should be educated regarding the hazards associated with improper waste disposal at all levels and trained in proper BMW management.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135828750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of root coverage procedures using root coverage esthetic score system – A case series 使用根覆盖美学评分系统评估根覆盖程序-一个案例系列
Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_82_23
Sangamithra Sidharthan, KVijay Babu, Swetha Subramanian, Arjumand Farooqui, Prerna Ubale
Background: Gingival recession, characterized by root surface exposure due to apical gingival margin migration, is a prevalent condition in the general populace, frequently prompting patient intervention. Mucogingival therapy may be indicated for recession control, plaque management, and dentin hypersensitivity; nevertheless, the consideration of esthetics correction as a therapeutic rationale is increasingly significant in contemporary clinical practice. Objective: The goal of this case series was to evaluate the most esthetic root coverage procedure of the three procedures performed. Methods: Patients with localized recession were treated with three different root coverage procedures, namely the free gingival graft (FGG), connective tissue graft + coronally repositioned flap (CTG + CAF), and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) + coronally positioned flap. The root coverage procedures were assessed for the root coverage esthetic score (RES) system after 6 months. The RES scores of these procedures were compared to determine if one procedure offered a greater esthetic result over the other. Results: All three procedures were effective in obtaining root coverage and improved clinical parameters. However, CTG with CAF, along with complete root coverage (CRC), produced a better esthetic outcome than other root coverage procedures compared in this case series. The success of root coverage procedures is based on the overall esthetic outcome along with CRC. Thus through the incorporation of the RES into everyday clinical practice, clinicians can enhance the accuracy and consistency of their evaluations, leading to improved patient care and optimizing treatment planning.
背景:牙龈退缩,其特征是由于根尖牙龈边缘移动导致牙根表面暴露,是一种普遍的疾病,经常需要患者干预。粘膜牙龈治疗可用于控制萎缩、菌斑管理和牙本质过敏;然而,在当代临床实践中,将美学矫正作为一种治疗原理的考虑越来越重要。目的:本病例系列的目的是评估三种手术中最美观的牙根覆盖手术。方法:采用游离牙龈移植(FGG)、结缔组织移植+冠状复位瓣(CTG + CAF)和富血小板纤维蛋白(PRF) +冠状复位瓣3种不同的根覆盖方法治疗局部退缩患者。6个月后对根覆盖过程进行根覆盖美学评分(RES)系统评估。将这些手术的RES评分进行比较,以确定一种手术是否比另一种手术提供更好的美学效果。结果:三种方法均能有效地获得牙根覆盖,改善临床参数。然而,在本病例系列中,CTG与CAF以及完全根覆盖(CRC)相比,产生了更好的美学效果。根根覆盖手术的成功是基于整体的美观结果以及CRC。因此,通过将RES纳入日常临床实践,临床医生可以提高其评估的准确性和一致性,从而改善患者护理并优化治疗计划。
{"title":"Evaluation of root coverage procedures using root coverage esthetic score system – A case series","authors":"Sangamithra Sidharthan, KVijay Babu, Swetha Subramanian, Arjumand Farooqui, Prerna Ubale","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_82_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_82_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gingival recession, characterized by root surface exposure due to apical gingival margin migration, is a prevalent condition in the general populace, frequently prompting patient intervention. Mucogingival therapy may be indicated for recession control, plaque management, and dentin hypersensitivity; nevertheless, the consideration of esthetics correction as a therapeutic rationale is increasingly significant in contemporary clinical practice. Objective: The goal of this case series was to evaluate the most esthetic root coverage procedure of the three procedures performed. Methods: Patients with localized recession were treated with three different root coverage procedures, namely the free gingival graft (FGG), connective tissue graft + coronally repositioned flap (CTG + CAF), and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) + coronally positioned flap. The root coverage procedures were assessed for the root coverage esthetic score (RES) system after 6 months. The RES scores of these procedures were compared to determine if one procedure offered a greater esthetic result over the other. Results: All three procedures were effective in obtaining root coverage and improved clinical parameters. However, CTG with CAF, along with complete root coverage (CRC), produced a better esthetic outcome than other root coverage procedures compared in this case series. The success of root coverage procedures is based on the overall esthetic outcome along with CRC. Thus through the incorporation of the RES into everyday clinical practice, clinicians can enhance the accuracy and consistency of their evaluations, leading to improved patient care and optimizing treatment planning.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135104433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessment of antimicrobial utilization pattern using World Health Organization indicators in a tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional study 使用世界卫生组织指标评估三级护理医院抗菌药物使用模式:一项横断面研究
Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_74_23
Swathi Acharya, Nandana Sharma, VenkateshKrishna Mohan
Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyze the antimicrobial utilization pattern using the World Health Organization (WHO) indicators with the ultimate goal of ensuring rational drug use to evaluate the policies and procedures in the hospital for the appropriate use of antimicrobials using hospital indicators and prescribing indicators. Materials and Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in the southern part of India, where data from the pharmacy section and 125 patient records each from general medicine, surgery, and intensive care unit patients were taken. Antimicrobials’ prescription and utilization patterns in tertiary care were analyzed using the WHO hospital and prescribing indicators. Results: The hospital indicators were up to the expected level of the WHO standards with standard treatment guidelines (STGs), hospital formulary, and the critical list of antimicrobials available on the assessment day. None of the antibiotics were out of stock during the study period. Around 55.4% of admitted patients were prescribed antibiotics in the prescribing indicators, with the average number of antibiotics per patient being 1.591. With almost 99.7% of antibiotics are prescribed from the hospital formulary list and around 3003.7 INR as the average cost per hospitalization. The average duration of treatment was 4.96 days, with 74.3% of pneumonia patients treated according to the STG. The antimicrobials prescribed with the generic name were only 17.58%. Conclusions: The prescribing pattern of antimicrobial agents in our study site was satisfactory in hospital indicators but less than optimal in a few prescribing indicators, indicating the need for the root cause analysis for less than optimum results.
目的:本研究的目的是利用世界卫生组织(WHO)指标分析抗菌药物的使用模式,最终目的是确保合理用药,利用医院指标和处方指标评估医院合理使用抗菌药物的政策和程序。材料和方法:在印度南部的一家三级医院进行了一项前瞻性横断面研究,收集了来自药房的数据和125份来自普通内科、外科和重症监护病房的患者记录。使用世卫组织医院和处方指标分析三级保健抗菌素的处方和使用模式。结果:医院各项指标均达到世卫组织标准的预期水平,包括标准治疗指南(STGs)、医院处方集和评估日可获得的关键抗微生物药物清单。在研究期间,没有一种抗生素缺货。在处方指标中,约55.4%的住院患者使用了抗生素,平均每人使用了1.591种抗生素。几乎99.7%的抗生素是从医院处方清单上开出的,每次住院的平均费用约为3003.7印度卢比。平均治疗时间为4.96天,74.3%的肺炎患者按照STG治疗,使用通用名的抗菌药物仅占17.58%。结论:本区抗菌药物的处方模式在医院指标上较为满意,但在少数指标上不够理想,结果不够理想需要进行根本原因分析。
{"title":"Assessment of antimicrobial utilization pattern using World Health Organization indicators in a tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Swathi Acharya, Nandana Sharma, VenkateshKrishna Mohan","doi":"10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_74_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_74_23","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyze the antimicrobial utilization pattern using the World Health Organization (WHO) indicators with the ultimate goal of ensuring rational drug use to evaluate the policies and procedures in the hospital for the appropriate use of antimicrobials using hospital indicators and prescribing indicators. Materials and Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in the southern part of India, where data from the pharmacy section and 125 patient records each from general medicine, surgery, and intensive care unit patients were taken. Antimicrobials’ prescription and utilization patterns in tertiary care were analyzed using the WHO hospital and prescribing indicators. Results: The hospital indicators were up to the expected level of the WHO standards with standard treatment guidelines (STGs), hospital formulary, and the critical list of antimicrobials available on the assessment day. None of the antibiotics were out of stock during the study period. Around 55.4% of admitted patients were prescribed antibiotics in the prescribing indicators, with the average number of antibiotics per patient being 1.591. With almost 99.7% of antibiotics are prescribed from the hospital formulary list and around 3003.7 INR as the average cost per hospitalization. The average duration of treatment was 4.96 days, with 74.3% of pneumonia patients treated according to the STG. The antimicrobials prescribed with the generic name were only 17.58%. Conclusions: The prescribing pattern of antimicrobial agents in our study site was satisfactory in hospital indicators but less than optimal in a few prescribing indicators, indicating the need for the root cause analysis for less than optimum results.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135104438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Formulation optimization of solid dispersion of candesartan cilexetil 坎地沙坦西莱西酯固体分散体的配方优化
IF 0.4 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ajprhc.ajprhc_104_22
S. Kothawade, V. Pande
Context: Antihypertensive effects were achieved by quickly hydrolyzing candesartan cilexetil (CC), an inactive prodrug of candesartan, into active candesartan during absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Due to its weak water solubility, CC has an inadequate intestinal absorption and a low oral bioavailability. Aim: The goal of this study was to make the medication CC more soluble in water. Materials and Methods: Low viscosity hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) E5LV was used to prepare the solid dispersions through spray drying. Results: Study of dissolution, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and X-ray diffraction characterized the prepared solid dispersions. CC amorphized from its crystallized state, as shown by the findings from the SEM, DSC, and X-ray powder diffraction experiments. Comparing pure CC and solid dispersion, the dissolution rate was higher with the former. The surfactant and wetting property of HPMC E5LV slowed devitrification and had an anti-plasticization impact, increasing the solubility and stability of the solid dispersion. Conclusion: The final results indicated that the CC, a weakly water-soluble medication, dissolved much better in the solid dispersions.
背景:坎地沙坦西列地酯(CC)是坎地沙坦的一种非活性前药,在胃肠道吸收过程中迅速水解成活性坎地沙坦,从而达到降压作用。由于其水溶性弱,CC肠吸收不足,口服生物利用度低。目的:本研究的目的是使药物CC更易溶于水。材料与方法:以低粘度羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC) E5LV为原料,通过喷雾干燥法制备固体分散体。结果:溶出度、傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和x射线衍射对制备的固体分散体进行了表征。从扫描电镜,DSC和x射线粉末衍射实验的结果可以看出,CC从结晶状态非晶化。对比纯CC和固体分散体,前者溶出率更高。HPMC E5LV的表面活性剂和润湿性能减缓了脱硝过程,并具有抗塑化作用,提高了固体分散体的溶解度和稳定性。结论:本品为弱水溶性药物,在固体分散体中具有较好的溶解性。
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引用次数: 1
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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care
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