Introduction: The prevalence of preterm labor in Indonesia is estimated at 7-14%, which is around 459,200-900,000 babies per year. The mechanism of infection is the biggest cause of preterm labor. The bacteria that often causes infection is Escherichia coli. This study aims to see the effect of giving Escherichia coli to produce premature models of mice. Material and Methods: This study used a true experimental method with a post-test only control group design approach. The independent variables were preterm labor & cervical tissue culture, amniotic membranes, and placenta. The dependent variable of the study was the administration of Escherichia coli 109 CFU to the cervix. This research will be tested with a comparative test. Results: The treatment group were given Escherichia coli experienced parturition with the fastest time of 38 hours 22 minutes and the longest time of 42 hours 12 minutes. Escherichia coli colonies on Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) culture media with a glowing green image was obtained. Cervical culture, amniotic membranes and placenta from the treatment group of Balb/C mice showed the growth of Escherichia coli colonies. Neutrophil infiltration and edema in the cervical stroma was found to be more severe in Balb/C mice that received treatment with Escherichia coli 109 CFU/ml. Conclusion: Escherichia coli shortens the time of delivery and increases the bacterial load in pregnant Balb/C mice.
{"title":"The Effect of Establishing Escherichia coli on Balb/C Rats as A Model of Preterm Labor","authors":"Suheni Ninik Hariyati, D. Santosaningsih, Arief Satria Hardika, Fikhy rizky Hapsari, Nirwan Nugraha, Wildan Aulia Firdaus","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.115","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The prevalence of preterm labor in Indonesia is estimated at 7-14%, which is around 459,200-900,000 babies per year. The mechanism of infection is the biggest cause of preterm labor. The bacteria that often causes infection is Escherichia coli. This study aims to see the effect of giving Escherichia coli to produce premature models of mice.\u0000Material and Methods: This study used a true experimental method with a post-test only control group design approach. The independent variables were preterm labor & cervical tissue culture, amniotic membranes, and placenta. The dependent variable of the study was the administration of Escherichia coli 109 CFU to the cervix. This research will be tested with a comparative test.\u0000Results: The treatment group were given Escherichia coli experienced parturition with the fastest time of 38 hours 22 minutes and the longest time of 42 hours 12 minutes. Escherichia coli colonies on Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) culture media with a glowing green image was obtained. Cervical culture, amniotic membranes and placenta from the treatment group of Balb/C mice showed the growth of Escherichia coli colonies. Neutrophil infiltration and edema in the cervical stroma was found to be more severe in Balb/C mice that received treatment with Escherichia coli 109 CFU/ml.\u0000Conclusion: Escherichia coli shortens the time of delivery and increases the bacterial load in pregnant Balb/C mice.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84427203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vina Lidya Setjaputra, Steven Christian Susianto, A. Machin
Introduction: The neurotropism of COVID-19 virus has been addressed in several studies, and headache is one of the most frequent neurologic manifestations of COVID-19, with various results of characteristics and phenotype. In this systematic review, we aimed to characterize the most common phenotype of headache in COVID-19 infected patients. Methods: A systematic literature was conducted through Pubmed, SciElo and Cochrane databases with keywords (headache[Title]) AND (covid-19[Title]), ((neurological) AND (headache) AND (characteristic)) AND (covid-19), ((phenotype) AND (headache)) AND (covid-19). We extracted the study design, demographics of subjects, and characteristics of headache (onset, site, lateralization, quality, intensity, and additional symptoms related to headache). Results: We included 1381 subjects with COVID-19 infection who experienced headache symptoms from eligible 9 studies. The majority of our patients had headaches that occurred with COVID-19 symptoms onset (94.2%), ranging from 1 to 10 days after the first COVID-19 symptoms. The most common headache site was frontal (42.3%), followed by diffuse/ holocranial (40.1%), periorbital/retroorbital (24.2%), and temporal (23.8%), with no lateralization/occurring bilaterally (85.9%), and pain characteristic predominantly pressing and tightening (55.9%), throbbing (25.3%), and stabbing (9.8%). Headache intensity measured by VAS score ranged mild to moderate in most cases with duration mostly 1-24 h. 57% of headache patients were also accompanied by fever symptoms. Additional headache symptoms were also recorded, predominantly anosmia/ageusia, followed by photophobia/phonophobia, and nausea/vomiting. Conclusion: Bilateral, long-lasting, with pressing-tightening characteristic headaches accompanied by fever, were more frequent in COVID-19 infected patients, in conjunction with anosmia/ageusia. These features may help physician to determine the headache related to COVID-19.
{"title":"Headache Characteristic in Covid-19 Infected Patient: A Systematic Review","authors":"Vina Lidya Setjaputra, Steven Christian Susianto, A. Machin","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.113","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The neurotropism of COVID-19 virus has been addressed in several studies, and headache is one of the most frequent neurologic manifestations of COVID-19, with various results of characteristics and phenotype. In this systematic review, we aimed to characterize the most common phenotype of headache in COVID-19 infected patients.\u0000Methods: A systematic literature was conducted through Pubmed, SciElo and Cochrane databases with keywords (headache[Title]) AND (covid-19[Title]), ((neurological) AND (headache) AND (characteristic)) AND (covid-19), ((phenotype) AND (headache)) AND (covid-19). We extracted the study design, demographics of subjects, and characteristics of headache (onset, site, lateralization, quality, intensity, and additional symptoms related to headache).\u0000Results: We included 1381 subjects with COVID-19 infection who experienced headache symptoms from eligible 9 studies. The majority of our patients had headaches that occurred with COVID-19 symptoms onset (94.2%), ranging from 1 to 10 days after the first COVID-19 symptoms. The most common headache site was frontal (42.3%), followed by diffuse/ holocranial (40.1%), periorbital/retroorbital (24.2%), and temporal (23.8%), with no lateralization/occurring bilaterally (85.9%), and pain characteristic predominantly pressing and tightening (55.9%), throbbing (25.3%), and stabbing (9.8%). Headache intensity measured by VAS score ranged mild to moderate in most cases with duration mostly 1-24 h. 57% of headache patients were also accompanied by fever symptoms. Additional headache symptoms were also recorded, predominantly anosmia/ageusia, followed by photophobia/phonophobia, and nausea/vomiting.\u0000Conclusion: Bilateral, long-lasting, with pressing-tightening characteristic headaches accompanied by fever, were more frequent in COVID-19 infected patients, in conjunction with anosmia/ageusia. These features may help physician to determine the headache related to COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86604336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Talita, Nandia Primarintan, Talita Nandia Primarintan
Introduction: This study investigates the connection between lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, leukocyte counts, low birth weight, and the severity of preeclampsia among pregnant women. Conducted at Saiful Anwar Hospital in Malang from July 2021 to June 2022. Material and Methods: This research utilizes a descriptive and analytical observational approach with a cross-sectional design. Pregnant women meeting specific criteria were evaluated for LDH levels, leukocyte counts, preeclampsia severity, and newborn birth weights. Statistical analyses, including the Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlation, were employed to explore relationships and significance among variables. Results: There is significant differences in LDH levels and low birth weight across patients with mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia, and eclampsia. LDH levels were linked to preeclampsia severity, while low birth weight correlated with eclampsia. Leukocyte levels, however, did not exhibit notable differences among these group. Conclusion: This study underscores the necessity of early assessment and monitoring of these factors in pregnant women, aiming to enhance maternal and fetal outcomes. Further research is recommended to validate these findings in diverse populations and explore additional risk factors associated with preeclampsia-related conditions. In conclusion, this research illuminates the interplay between LDH levels, leukocyte counts, low birth weight, and preeclampsia severity. The outcomes emphasize their importance as potential markers for evaluating and managing preeclampsia-related complications.
{"title":"Exploring The Relationship Between Lactate Dehydrogenase Levels, Leukocyte Counts, Low Birth Weight, and The Severity of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study at Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang (July 2021 to June 2022)","authors":"B. Talita, Nandia Primarintan, Talita Nandia Primarintan","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.112","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study investigates the connection between lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, leukocyte counts, low birth weight, and the severity of preeclampsia among pregnant women. Conducted at Saiful Anwar Hospital in Malang from July 2021 to June 2022.\u0000Material and Methods: This research utilizes a descriptive and analytical observational approach with a cross-sectional design. Pregnant women meeting specific criteria were evaluated for LDH levels, leukocyte counts, preeclampsia severity, and newborn birth weights. Statistical analyses, including the Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlation, were employed to explore relationships and significance among variables.\u0000Results: There is significant differences in LDH levels and low birth weight across patients with mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia, and eclampsia. LDH levels were linked to preeclampsia severity, while low birth weight correlated with eclampsia. Leukocyte levels, however, did not exhibit notable differences among these group.\u0000Conclusion: This study underscores the necessity of early assessment and monitoring of these factors in pregnant women, aiming to enhance maternal and fetal outcomes. Further research is recommended to validate these findings in diverse populations and explore additional risk factors associated with preeclampsia-related conditions. In conclusion, this research illuminates the interplay between LDH levels, leukocyte counts, low birth weight, and preeclampsia severity. The outcomes emphasize their importance as potential markers for evaluating and managing preeclampsia-related complications.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82982466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Early marriage is a major problem in the process of child rearing. Improper parenting patterns can hinder the growth and development of children. This study aims to analyze the relationship and factors that influence the parenting style of parents who marry early on the development of children aged 1 to 5 years in the Tulungagung district. Material and Methods: Research using cross-sectional analitic observation, a sample of 203 respondents who were married under 19 years of age in 2017-2021 and had children aged 1-5 years using a questionnaire and Denver II. Statistical analysis calculation using chi-square and path analysis. Results: The chi-square test results showed a significant relationship between the parenting style of parents who early marriage and the development of children aged 1-5 years (p<0.05). Path analysis showed that there is an influence of the parenting style of parents who early marriage on the development of children through education and number of children (p<0.05). while in terms of occupation, income, and family support, there is no influence of the parenting style of parents who early marriage on the development of children (p>0.05). Conclusion: Parents who marry early tend to adopt an authoritarian parenting style, which can lead to poor child development. Authoritarian parenting styles have low levels of democracy and parental affection. High achievement demands on children are not matched by parental love so that it makes children feel depressed.
{"title":"The Relationship and Factors The Parenting Style of Parents Who Married Early with The Development of Children Aged 1-5 Years","authors":"Faza Nabila, Ariani Ariani, S. Ratnaningrum","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.106","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Early marriage is a major problem in the process of child rearing. Improper parenting patterns can hinder the growth and development of children. This study aims to analyze the relationship and factors that influence the parenting style of parents who marry early on the development of children aged 1 to 5 years in the Tulungagung district.\u0000Material and Methods: Research using cross-sectional analitic observation, a sample of 203 respondents who were married under 19 years of age in 2017-2021 and had children aged 1-5 years using a questionnaire and Denver II. Statistical analysis calculation using chi-square and path analysis.\u0000Results: The chi-square test results showed a significant relationship between the parenting style of parents who early marriage and the development of children aged 1-5 years (p<0.05). Path analysis showed that there is an influence of the parenting style of parents who early marriage on the development of children through education and number of children (p<0.05). while in terms of occupation, income, and family support, there is no influence of the parenting style of parents who early marriage on the development of children (p>0.05).\u0000Conclusion: Parents who marry early tend to adopt an authoritarian parenting style, which can lead to poor child development. Authoritarian parenting styles have low levels of democracy and parental affection. High achievement demands on children are not matched by parental love so that it makes children feel depressed.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76515974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ikatan Dokter, Indonesia Wilayah, Jawa Timur, Mukhamad Nooryanto, T. Nurseta, Cholid Rohman Riskianto, Syah Sembuh Wasiso, Yudistira Yunus
Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of unknown etiologic. Multiorgan dysfunction in women with SLE causes menstrual irregularities, ovarian failure, follicular atresia, and premature ovarian failure (POF) leading to the cessation of menstruation. Phaseolus vulgaris L. contains isoflavones that can trigger oocyte maturation, stimulate the formation of antral follicles, increase FSH receptor expression and proliferate cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression. This study aims to prove the effect of red bean extract (isoflavones) in SLE by and increasing the secretion of anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels. Material and Methods: This study used a true experimental design with a post-test-only controlled group design. The samples used in this study were at least 25 female Balb/c mice. Data on serum IL-10 levels in mice were obtained by measurement using ELISA. The data were statistically analysed using SPSS 16 for Windows software program. The data were tested for normality and homogeneity using parametric non-parametric analysis. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in ANA levels with a p-value of 0.000 in each sample. From this test, it was proven that there was a significant increase in IL-10 levels at doses of 75 mg/KgBW (P2) and 100 mg/KgBW (P3) (p-value=0.000) due to the administration of various doses of red bean extract (isoflavones). Conclusion: Red bean extract (isoflavones) had a significant effect in increasing IL-10 levels.
{"title":"Effect of Red Bean Extract (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) on IL-10 Levels in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Model","authors":"Ikatan Dokter, Indonesia Wilayah, Jawa Timur, Mukhamad Nooryanto, T. Nurseta, Cholid Rohman Riskianto, Syah Sembuh Wasiso, Yudistira Yunus","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.96","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of unknown etiologic. Multiorgan dysfunction in women with SLE causes menstrual irregularities, ovarian failure, follicular atresia, and premature ovarian failure (POF) leading to the cessation of menstruation. Phaseolus vulgaris L. contains isoflavones that can trigger oocyte maturation, stimulate the formation of antral follicles, increase FSH receptor expression and proliferate cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression. This study aims to prove the effect of red bean extract (isoflavones) in SLE by and increasing the secretion of anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels.\u0000Material and Methods: This study used a true experimental design with a post-test-only controlled group design. The samples used in this study were at least 25 female Balb/c mice. Data on serum IL-10 levels in mice were obtained by measurement using ELISA. The data were statistically analysed using SPSS 16 for Windows software program. The data were tested for normality and homogeneity using parametric non-parametric analysis.\u0000Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in ANA levels with a p-value of 0.000 in each sample. From this test, it was proven that there was a significant increase in IL-10 levels at doses of 75 mg/KgBW (P2) and 100 mg/KgBW (P3) (p-value=0.000) due to the administration of various doses of red bean extract (isoflavones).\u0000Conclusion: Red bean extract (isoflavones) had a significant effect in increasing IL-10 levels.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82415431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ikatan Dokter, Indonesia Wilayah, Jawa Timur, Siskanita Nur Fitriana, S. Sutrisno, Gita Nawangtantrini
Introduction : Herbal medications are increasingly being used to treat a wide range of illnesses. Phaleria macrocarpa, often known as the crown of the gods, is a plant rich in flavonoids that is frequently used in herbal therapy. The goal of this study was to see what effect a flavonoid-rich extract from phaleria macrocarpa has on the livers of mice. Material and Methode : This study used adult female mice aged 6-8 weeks and weighing 20-30 gr as experimental animals, which were divided into four groups: the control group was given distilled water, group 2 was given a flavonoid dose of 500 mg/kg/day, group 3 was given a flavonoid dose of 1000 mg/kg/day, and group 4 was given a flavonoid dose of 2000 mg/kg/day. The flavonoid-rich extract of Phaleria macrocarpa was administered for 28 days. On the 29th day, the mice were necropsied, followed by surgery and examination of the mice's livers. Result : The flavonoid-rich extract of phaleria macrocarpa at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight/day resulted in no changes in the weight or histological structure of the liver (p>0.05). Hydropic degeneration and necrosis were observed in the group administered the flavonoid-rich extract of phaleria macrocarpa at doses of 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight/day. Conclusion : The administration of a flavonoid-rich extract from Phaleria macrocarpa at a level of 500 mg/kg body weight/day caused no harm in the liver of mice. The use of more than 500 mg/kg body weight/day over an extended period of time has hazardous effects and is not recommended.
{"title":"Hepatotoxicity Oral Administration of Flavonoids Rich Extract from Phaleria Macrocarpha in Mice","authors":"Ikatan Dokter, Indonesia Wilayah, Jawa Timur, Siskanita Nur Fitriana, S. Sutrisno, Gita Nawangtantrini","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.109","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : Herbal medications are increasingly being used to treat a wide range of illnesses. Phaleria macrocarpa, often known as the crown of the gods, is a plant rich in flavonoids that is frequently used in herbal therapy. The goal of this study was to see what effect a flavonoid-rich extract from phaleria macrocarpa has on the livers of mice. \u0000Material and Methode : This study used adult female mice aged 6-8 weeks and weighing 20-30 gr as experimental animals, which were divided into four groups: the control group was given distilled water, group 2 was given a flavonoid dose of 500 mg/kg/day, group 3 was given a flavonoid dose of 1000 mg/kg/day, and group 4 was given a flavonoid dose of 2000 mg/kg/day. The flavonoid-rich extract of Phaleria macrocarpa was administered for 28 days. On the 29th day, the mice were necropsied, followed by surgery and examination of the mice's livers. \u0000Result : The flavonoid-rich extract of phaleria macrocarpa at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight/day resulted in no changes in the weight or histological structure of the liver (p>0.05). Hydropic degeneration and necrosis were observed in the group administered the flavonoid-rich extract of phaleria macrocarpa at doses of 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight/day. \u0000Conclusion : The administration of a flavonoid-rich extract from Phaleria macrocarpa at a level of 500 mg/kg body weight/day caused no harm in the liver of mice. The use of more than 500 mg/kg body weight/day over an extended period of time has hazardous effects and is not recommended.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90815629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ikatan Dokter, Indonesia Wilayah, Jawa Timur, Rika Oktania, Bayu Prabowo, Prabowo Sari RO
Introduction: Pediatric tuberculosis can cause a variety of problems, including growth failure, disability, and death. In 2021, WHO recorded 10.6 million individuals had tuberculosis globally, with pediatric tuberculosis accounting for 11% of these cases. Indonesia is the second highest high-burden country for tuberculosis, according to the WHO. Children with tuberculosis often present non-specific and uncommon symptoms, making diagnosis challenging and frequently delayed. This study aims to present an overview of the characteristics of pediatric tuberculosis patients at Simpang Lima Gumul Hospital in Kediri, East Java. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study with a cross-sectional method. Pediatric tuberculosis patients who received treatment at the Simpang Lima Gumul Hospital in Kediri, East Java, were the subject of research. We compiled pediatric tuberculosis patients' demographic data and clinical characteristics using medical records. Results: Sixty-one children included in the study. Most of them were male (56%) between 1 to 5 years old (52%). Seventy-two percent had a positive tuberculin skin test; chronic cough was noted in 69% of cases. An adult contact history of tuberculosis was reported in 64% of cases, while 61% had radiographic findings from TB. 52% also had fever, 51% had lymphadenopathy, and 72% had good nutritional status. Conclusion: Tuberculosis occurs most commonly in male children 1 to 5 years of age. The most common symptoms of pediatric tuberculosis include a positive tuberculin skin test, chronic cough, contact with adults with tuberculosis, positive radiographic findings, fever, and lymphadenopathy.
儿童结核可引起多种问题，包括生长衰竭、残疾和死亡。根据世卫组织的记录，2021年全球有1060万人患有结核病，其中儿科结核病占这些病例的11%。根据世界卫生组织的数据，印度尼西亚是结核病的第二大高负担国家。患有结核病的儿童往往表现出非特异性和不常见的症状，使诊断具有挑战性并经常被延误。本研究旨在概述东爪哇Kediri的Simpang Lima Gumul医院儿科结核病患者的特征。材料和方法:这是一项采用横断面方法的描述性回顾性研究。在东爪哇Kediri的Simpang Lima Gumul医院接受治疗的儿童结核病患者是研究对象。我们利用医疗记录汇编了儿童结核病患者的人口统计数据和临床特征。结果:61名儿童纳入研究。以1 ~ 5岁(52%)男性居多(56%)。72%的人结核菌素皮肤试验呈阳性;慢性咳嗽发生率为69%。64%的病例报告有成人结核接触史，61%的病例有结核放射学检查结果。52%有发热，51%有淋巴结病，72%营养状况良好。结论:结核以1 ~ 5岁男性儿童最为常见。儿童结核病最常见的症状包括结核菌素皮肤试验阳性、慢性咳嗽、与患有结核病的成人接触、放射检查阳性、发烧和淋巴结病。
{"title":"Characteristics of Pediatric Tuberculosis Patients at Simpang Lima Gumul Hospital, Kediri, East Java","authors":"Ikatan Dokter, Indonesia Wilayah, Jawa Timur, Rika Oktania, Bayu Prabowo, Prabowo Sari RO","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.110","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pediatric tuberculosis can cause a variety of problems, including growth failure, disability, and death. In 2021, WHO recorded 10.6 million individuals had tuberculosis globally, with pediatric tuberculosis accounting for 11% of these cases. Indonesia is the second highest high-burden country for tuberculosis, according to the WHO. Children with tuberculosis often present non-specific and uncommon symptoms, making diagnosis challenging and frequently delayed. This study aims to present an overview of the characteristics of pediatric tuberculosis patients at Simpang Lima Gumul Hospital in Kediri, East Java.\u0000Material and Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study with a cross-sectional method. Pediatric tuberculosis patients who received treatment at the Simpang Lima Gumul Hospital in Kediri, East Java, were the subject of research. We compiled pediatric tuberculosis patients' demographic data and clinical characteristics using medical records.\u0000Results: Sixty-one children included in the study. Most of them were male (56%) between 1 to 5 years old (52%). Seventy-two percent had a positive tuberculin skin test; chronic cough was noted in 69% of cases. An adult contact history of tuberculosis was reported in 64% of cases, while 61% had radiographic findings from TB. 52% also had fever, 51% had lymphadenopathy, and 72% had good nutritional status.\u0000Conclusion: Tuberculosis occurs most commonly in male children 1 to 5 years of age. The most common symptoms of pediatric tuberculosis include a positive tuberculin skin test, chronic cough, contact with adults with tuberculosis, positive radiographic findings, fever, and lymphadenopathy.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89882042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Scleroderma or systemic sclerosis is a rare multisystemic autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy, inflammation, and progressive fibrosis of the skin and multiple organs. Cutaneous manifestations and Raynaud’s phenomenon, usually becomes the initial presentation of scleroderma which noticed by the patient. Case: A 47-year-old-women presented with hardened and thickened skin on her arms and legs for 3 years which spreaded to her face and trunk. The lesions initially appeared as multiple red patches which progressed into white, thick and hard patches. The patient had history of recurrent Raynaud's phenomenon, dry cough, and shortness of breath. In the physical examination, the patient had skin hardening with salt and pepper appearance on her upper back and chest. The thoracic CT scan revealed interstitial lung disease. The patient diagnosed as definitive scleroderma based on The European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria with score of 18. She has treated with methotrexate, methylprednisolone, topical corticosteroid and moisturizer. The skin lesion improved with the reduction of Rodnan skin score from 31 to 19 after 4 months of treatment. Conclusion: Cutaneous manifestation could be the early alarm and initial manifestation of scleroderma. As the pathology is deep beyond the skin, throughout examination should be performed to find any organ involvement. Dermatologist play a significant role in early identification of skin disorder and made multidiciplinary refferal. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment could reduce morbidity and mortality in scleroderma
{"title":"Cutaneous Manifestations of Scleroderma: A Case Report","authors":"Tessa Thendria, Amira Suryani Rahmatika, Evy Ervianti, Sawitri Dwi, Murtiastutik Trisiswati, Indranarum Hasnikmah, Mappamasing Septiana, Widyantari","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.103","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Scleroderma or systemic sclerosis is a rare multisystemic autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy, inflammation, and progressive fibrosis of the skin and multiple organs. Cutaneous manifestations and Raynaud’s phenomenon, usually becomes the initial presentation of scleroderma which noticed by the patient. \u0000Case: A 47-year-old-women presented with hardened and thickened skin on her arms and legs for \u00003 years which spreaded to her face and trunk. The lesions initially appeared as multiple red patches which progressed into white, thick and hard patches. The patient had history of recurrent Raynaud's phenomenon, dry cough, and shortness of breath. In the physical examination, the patient had skin hardening with salt and pepper appearance on her upper back and chest. The thoracic CT scan revealed interstitial lung disease. The patient diagnosed as definitive scleroderma based on The European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria with score of 18. She has treated with methotrexate, methylprednisolone, topical corticosteroid and moisturizer. The skin lesion improved with the reduction of Rodnan skin score from 31 to 19 after 4 months of treatment. \u0000Conclusion: Cutaneous manifestation could be the early alarm and initial manifestation of scleroderma. As the pathology is deep beyond the skin, throughout examination should be performed to find any organ involvement. Dermatologist play a significant role in early identification of skin disorder and made multidiciplinary refferal. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment could reduce morbidity and mortality in scleroderma","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"295 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77314006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) occurring in younger women can lead to an increased incidence of colorectal cancer during pregnancy. The estimated frequency of malignancy during pregnancy with colorectal cancer specifically estimated at 1 in 13,000 pregnancies. However, the exact causes of colorectal cancer during pregnancy are not yet fully understood. Diagnosing and managing colorectal cancer during pregnancy pose significant challenges because the symptoms can be masked by the normal signs and symptoms of pregnancy. Case Pesentation: A 42-year-old pregnant patient, Mrs. L, presented with abdominal pain, a history of dark-colored bowel movements, and a lump on the left side of her neck that had been present for a year. She had also experienced a weight loss of 5 kg both before and during pregnancy, and there was no previous history of malignancy. The patient underwent various diagnostic procedures, including pregnancy ultrasound, abdominal ultrasound, and colonoscopy biopsy. Based on the comprehensive evaluation of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and supporting tests, she was diagnosed with stage IV rectal adenocarcinoma with metastases to the liver, kidney, and lymph nodes. The patient was in her second pregnancy (G2P1Ab0) at 27-29 weeks of gestation. Conclusion: Colorectal cancer during pregnancy poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, as the signs and symptoms are often attributed to the normal progression of pregnancy, resulting in delayed diagnosis at an advanced stage. Early detection, evaluation, and monitoring of nonspecific symptoms are crucial, and a multidisciplinary approach is necessary for the management of colorectal cancer during pregnancy.
{"title":"A Challenging Case: Colorectal Cancer During Pregnancy","authors":"Caesar Ahmad Tidel, Syifa Mustika","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.108","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) occurring in younger women can lead to an increased incidence of colorectal cancer during pregnancy. The estimated frequency of malignancy during pregnancy with colorectal cancer specifically estimated at 1 in 13,000 pregnancies. However, the exact causes of colorectal cancer during pregnancy are not yet fully understood. Diagnosing and managing colorectal cancer during pregnancy pose significant challenges because the symptoms can be masked by the normal signs and symptoms of pregnancy.\u0000Case Pesentation: A 42-year-old pregnant patient, Mrs. L, presented with abdominal pain, a history of dark-colored bowel movements, and a lump on the left side of her neck that had been present for a year. She had also experienced a weight loss of 5 kg both before and during pregnancy, and there was no previous history of malignancy. The patient underwent various diagnostic procedures, including pregnancy ultrasound, abdominal ultrasound, and colonoscopy biopsy. Based on the comprehensive evaluation of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and supporting tests, she was diagnosed with stage IV rectal adenocarcinoma with metastases to the liver, kidney, and lymph nodes. The patient was in her second pregnancy (G2P1Ab0) at 27-29 weeks of gestation.\u0000Conclusion: Colorectal cancer during pregnancy poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, as the signs and symptoms are often attributed to the normal progression of pregnancy, resulting in delayed diagnosis at an advanced stage. Early detection, evaluation, and monitoring of nonspecific symptoms are crucial, and a multidisciplinary approach is necessary for the management of colorectal cancer during pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73001920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ikatan Dokter, Indonesia Wilayah, Jawa Timur, Rosalia Adriani, Lydia Nuradianti
Introduction: Topical steroids are used in the treatment of various ocular disorders. However, it can cause numerous side effects. Steroid-induced glaucoma is the most severe complication of the unmonitored use of steroids. It is diagnosed by visual field defects, increased intraocular pressure (IOP), and glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) due to prolonged usage of steroids. Case Presentation: a 10-year-old boy presented to the outpatient clinic in Undaan Eye Hospital complaining of headache, re dness and itchiness in both eyes. He started using dexamethasone 0.1% eye drops without a physician's supervision for the last 2 years. Steroid-induced glaucoma was diagnosed in both eyes. Topical and oral glaucoma medications were given. Both eyes IOP were still elevated in the following months. Trabeculectomy in both eyes was performed due to medically uncontrolled glaucoma. Furthermore, both eyes IOP were getting normal without any topical and oral glaucoma medications. Conclusion: Unmonitored steroid usage must be avoided. This case suggests general practitioners and health care providers in the front line be aware of the usage of topical steroids. By increasing awareness concerning steroid-induced glaucoma, a patient's visual acuity can be saved, and irreversible blindness can be prevented, especially in children.
{"title":"Bilateral Steroid Induced Glaucoma In A 10-year-old Boy","authors":"Ikatan Dokter, Indonesia Wilayah, Jawa Timur, Rosalia Adriani, Lydia Nuradianti","doi":"10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55561/ajhr.v2i2.97","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Topical steroids are used in the treatment of various ocular disorders. However, it can cause numerous side effects. Steroid-induced glaucoma is the most severe complication of the unmonitored use of steroids. It is diagnosed by visual field defects, increased intraocular pressure (IOP), and glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) due to prolonged usage of steroids.\u0000Case Presentation: a 10-year-old boy presented to the outpatient clinic in Undaan Eye Hospital complaining of headache, re dness and itchiness in both eyes. He started using dexamethasone 0.1% eye drops without a physician's supervision for the last 2 years. Steroid-induced glaucoma was diagnosed in both eyes. Topical and oral glaucoma medications were given. Both eyes IOP were still elevated in the following months. Trabeculectomy in both eyes was performed due to medically uncontrolled glaucoma. Furthermore, both eyes IOP were getting normal without any topical and oral glaucoma medications.\u0000Conclusion: Unmonitored steroid usage must be avoided. This case suggests general practitioners and health care providers in the front line be aware of the usage of topical steroids. By increasing awareness concerning steroid-induced glaucoma, a patient's visual acuity can be saved, and irreversible blindness can be prevented, especially in children.","PeriodicalId":8534,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Health Care","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90379137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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