Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.4103/1995-7645.378566
P. Ajayi, D. Esan, T. Ipinnimo, M. Olanrewaju, O. Solomon, Olajumoke O. Atanda-Owoeye
Objective: To identify the knowledge and awareness level of human mpox viral infection among healthcare workers in southwestern Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ekiti State, southwest Nigeria among 316 healthcare workers that were selected through a systematic random sampling. Data were collected with the aid of a semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire. The Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to find the association between the independent and dependent variables. The significance level was set at P-value <0.05. Results: Two hundred and twenty-two (70.3%) of the respondents were aged ⩽40 years, mean age (36±9) years, 189 (59.8%) were female, 306 (96.8%) were Christians, and 203 (64.2%) were married. Three hundred and fourteen (99.4%) of the respondents were aware of mpox infection. Main sources of information about mpox were medical education (44.0%), radio/television (32.0%) and newspaper (21.0%). However, among those aware of the disease, 209 (67.0%) demonstrated poor knowledge levels. Longer than 5 years’ experience of medical practice was the only significant predictor of higher knowledge level of the disease (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.01-3.06; P=0.046). Conclusions: Despite the high awareness level of mpox infection among healthcare workers, there still exists a huge knowledge gap. It is recommended that targeted intervention could be directed towards continuous medical education and simulation exercises on re-emerging infectious diseases like mpox to improve the knowledge of the healthcare workers.
目的:了解尼日利亚西南部地区卫生保健工作者对人痘病毒感染的知识和认知水平。方法:在尼日利亚西南部的埃基蒂州，通过系统随机抽样，对316名卫生保健工作者进行了横断面研究。数据是通过半结构化的、自我管理的问卷收集的。使用卡方检验和二元逻辑回归来发现自变量和因变量之间的相关性。p <0.05为显著性水平。结果:调查对象中年龄≥40岁者222人(70.3%)，平均年龄(36±9)岁，女性189人(59.8%)，基督徒306人(96.8%)，已婚203人(64.2%)。314名应答者(99.4%)知道m痘感染。mpox的主要信息来源是医学教育(44.0%)、广播/电视(32.0%)和报纸(21.0%)。然而，在了解该病的人中，209人(67.0%)表现出知识水平低下。超过5年的医疗实践经验是对疾病知识水平较高的唯一显著预测因子(OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.01-3.06;P = 0.046)。结论:虽然卫生保健工作者对麻疹感染的认识水平较高，但仍存在巨大的知识差距。建议采取有针对性的干预措施，开展持续的医学教育和关于麻疹等再次出现的传染病的模拟演习，以提高保健工作者的知识。
{"title":"Knowledge and awareness of human mpox infection among healthcare workers: A cross-sectional study in southwestern Nigeria","authors":"P. Ajayi, D. Esan, T. Ipinnimo, M. Olanrewaju, O. Solomon, Olajumoke O. Atanda-Owoeye","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.378566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.378566","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To identify the knowledge and awareness level of human mpox viral infection among healthcare workers in southwestern Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ekiti State, southwest Nigeria among 316 healthcare workers that were selected through a systematic random sampling. Data were collected with the aid of a semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire. The Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to find the association between the independent and dependent variables. The significance level was set at P-value <0.05. Results: Two hundred and twenty-two (70.3%) of the respondents were aged ⩽40 years, mean age (36±9) years, 189 (59.8%) were female, 306 (96.8%) were Christians, and 203 (64.2%) were married. Three hundred and fourteen (99.4%) of the respondents were aware of mpox infection. Main sources of information about mpox were medical education (44.0%), radio/television (32.0%) and newspaper (21.0%). However, among those aware of the disease, 209 (67.0%) demonstrated poor knowledge levels. Longer than 5 years’ experience of medical practice was the only significant predictor of higher knowledge level of the disease (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.01-3.06; P=0.046). Conclusions: Despite the high awareness level of mpox infection among healthcare workers, there still exists a huge knowledge gap. It is recommended that targeted intervention could be directed towards continuous medical education and simulation exercises on re-emerging infectious diseases like mpox to improve the knowledge of the healthcare workers.","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41739167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.4103/1995-7645.378560
Nitika Nitika, S. Nema, Praveen Bharti
{"title":"R21 vaccine: A ray of hope for malaria elimination","authors":"Nitika Nitika, S. Nema, Praveen Bharti","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.378560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.378560","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49020628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.4103/1995-7645.377745
R. Chatterjee, D. Modak, K. Sarkar, S. Samajdar, N. Pramanik, Shatavisa Mukherjee, Bibhuti Saha
{"title":"Electrocardiographic changes in dengue fever","authors":"R. Chatterjee, D. Modak, K. Sarkar, S. Samajdar, N. Pramanik, Shatavisa Mukherjee, Bibhuti Saha","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.377745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.377745","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48002462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To identify the association between serum albumin levels and disease severity among adult patients with dengue in mainland China. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed the data of adult patients (aged ≥ 18 years) hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed dengue in a tertiary center for infectious diseases from 2013 to 2019 in mainland China. Serum albumin levels were estimated and compared between patients with severe dengue and non-severe dengue. Additionally, the association between serum albumin levels and severe dengue was evaluated using a generalized linear model [relative risks (RR)]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the potential predictors of severe dengue. Results: Overall, 1568 patients were included in this study. Of these patients, 34 (2.17%) developed severe dengue. The median serum albumin levels were significantly lower in patients with severe dengue than that in those with non-severe dengue (33 g/L vs. 37 g/L, P<0.001). After adjustment for age, sex, and comorbidities, hypoalbuminemia (RR 4.877, 95% CI 2.193-11.461, P<0.001) was found to be a predictor of severe dengue. Serum albumin levels (OR 1.303, 95% CI 1.161-1.462, P<0.001)] and age (OR 1.038, 95% CI 1.017-1.061, P<0.001) were significant risk factors for severe dengue. The area under the curve for serum albumin levels to distinguish severe dengue was 0.787. Conclusions: Lower serum albumin levels were significantly associated with disease severity in adult patients with dengue. Hypoalbuminemia on admission resulted in at least a four-fold increased risk of severe dengue.
{"title":"Association between serum albumin levels and disease severity in adult patients with dengue: A 7-year retrospective cohort study in mainland China","authors":"Changtai Wang, Huiqin Yang, Jielan Xu, Jian Wang, Ling-Zhai Zhao, Wen-xin Hong, Fuchun Zhang","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.377741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.377741","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To identify the association between serum albumin levels and disease severity among adult patients with dengue in mainland China. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed the data of adult patients (aged ≥ 18 years) hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed dengue in a tertiary center for infectious diseases from 2013 to 2019 in mainland China. Serum albumin levels were estimated and compared between patients with severe dengue and non-severe dengue. Additionally, the association between serum albumin levels and severe dengue was evaluated using a generalized linear model [relative risks (RR)]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the potential predictors of severe dengue. Results: Overall, 1568 patients were included in this study. Of these patients, 34 (2.17%) developed severe dengue. The median serum albumin levels were significantly lower in patients with severe dengue than that in those with non-severe dengue (33 g/L vs. 37 g/L, P<0.001). After adjustment for age, sex, and comorbidities, hypoalbuminemia (RR 4.877, 95% CI 2.193-11.461, P<0.001) was found to be a predictor of severe dengue. Serum albumin levels (OR 1.303, 95% CI 1.161-1.462, P<0.001)] and age (OR 1.038, 95% CI 1.017-1.061, P<0.001) were significant risk factors for severe dengue. The area under the curve for serum albumin levels to distinguish severe dengue was 0.787. Conclusions: Lower serum albumin levels were significantly associated with disease severity in adult patients with dengue. Hypoalbuminemia on admission resulted in at least a four-fold increased risk of severe dengue.","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44430109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.4103/1995-7645.377743
N. Junaidi, N. Shakrin, M. Huri, A. Kamarudin, M. Desa, Wan Yunus
Objective: To determine the antibiotic resistance profile (ARP) of Staphylococcus (S.) aureus isolates and molecular typing of the methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates from Tuanku Mizan Armed Forces Hospital (TMAFH), Kuala Lumpur. Methods: The ARP and presence of the pvl gene were determined for 209 S. aureus isolates from clinical specimens. Of these, 123 were methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates and 86 were MRSA isolates. All MRSA isolates were characterized using SCCmec typing and spa typing. Descriptive analysis was performed to compare the demographic data with the phenotypic and genotypic variables of the S. aureus isolates. Results: No vancomycin-intermediate and -resistant S. aureus (VISA and VRSA, respectively) were detected among the study isolates. The MSSA isolates showed low resistance rates to all tested antibiotics, were commonly invasive (28/42, 66.7%), and mostly harboured pvl (35/42, 83.3%). Meanwhile, MRSA isolates showed high resistance to penicillin (86/86, 100%), ampicillin (86/86, 100%), sulbactam/ampicillin (86/86, 100%), cefuroxime (81/86, 94.19%), cefoperazone (76/86, 88.37%), azithromycin (56/86, 65.12%), and erythromycin (54/86, 62.79%). The majority of MRSA isolates were of SCCmec type IVh (65/86, 75.58%), spa type t032 (55/85, 63.95%), and grouped into spaCC-t022 (66/85, 77.65%). The t032 type was found to be associated with resistance traits to azithromycin and erythromycin (P<0.05). We also found several spa types that are typically associated with hospital-, community-, and livestock-associated MRSA co-existing in our MRSA population. Conclusions: This study reflected the consistent absence of VISA and VRSA and corroborated the clonal shifting of MRSA isolates in the Malaysian MRSA isolates.
{"title":"Antibiotic resistance and molecular typing of clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Malaysian military hospital","authors":"N. Junaidi, N. Shakrin, M. Huri, A. Kamarudin, M. Desa, Wan Yunus","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.377743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.377743","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the antibiotic resistance profile (ARP) of Staphylococcus (S.) aureus isolates and molecular typing of the methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates from Tuanku Mizan Armed Forces Hospital (TMAFH), Kuala Lumpur. Methods: The ARP and presence of the pvl gene were determined for 209 S. aureus isolates from clinical specimens. Of these, 123 were methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates and 86 were MRSA isolates. All MRSA isolates were characterized using SCCmec typing and spa typing. Descriptive analysis was performed to compare the demographic data with the phenotypic and genotypic variables of the S. aureus isolates. Results: No vancomycin-intermediate and -resistant S. aureus (VISA and VRSA, respectively) were detected among the study isolates. The MSSA isolates showed low resistance rates to all tested antibiotics, were commonly invasive (28/42, 66.7%), and mostly harboured pvl (35/42, 83.3%). Meanwhile, MRSA isolates showed high resistance to penicillin (86/86, 100%), ampicillin (86/86, 100%), sulbactam/ampicillin (86/86, 100%), cefuroxime (81/86, 94.19%), cefoperazone (76/86, 88.37%), azithromycin (56/86, 65.12%), and erythromycin (54/86, 62.79%). The majority of MRSA isolates were of SCCmec type IVh (65/86, 75.58%), spa type t032 (55/85, 63.95%), and grouped into spaCC-t022 (66/85, 77.65%). The t032 type was found to be associated with resistance traits to azithromycin and erythromycin (P<0.05). We also found several spa types that are typically associated with hospital-, community-, and livestock-associated MRSA co-existing in our MRSA population. Conclusions: This study reflected the consistent absence of VISA and VRSA and corroborated the clonal shifting of MRSA isolates in the Malaysian MRSA isolates.","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46962506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.4103/1995-7645.377740
Prasanta Saini, HarishKumar Shah, P. Fathima, NPradeep Kumar, Ashwani Kumar
This review aims to fill the voids and to update the checklist of sandfly fauna along with its spatial distribution in India. Resource databases i.e. either online or offline were searched to deduce the information to systematize the Indian sandfly fauna. Articles/data retrieved were screened and analysed to further update the available latest checklist. The species name and authorship were given in accord with the International Code for Zoological Nomenclature. We compiled an updated checklist of reported Indian sandfly species along with their state-wise distribution till 2022 as per published literature. Kerala has maximum number of species reports when compared to other endemic states and states with pockets of transmission. Phlebotomus argentipes is the most widely distributed, recorded so far, followed by other Sergentomiya and Phlebotomus species in India. In this review, we have also described the vector and non-vector species of sandfly prevalent in different parts of the country. Phlebotoiella eoindianensis, an amber fossil sandfly species recorded from Gujarat might be older than other records of Indian sandfly fauna. So far 69 species (4 genera and 15 subgenera/groups) of Phlebotomine sandflies have been recorded in India. Proper knowledge of species diversity and its distribution is a prerequisite for planning a systematic vector control strategy and disease management.
{"title":"Faunal richness and checklist of sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in India","authors":"Prasanta Saini, HarishKumar Shah, P. Fathima, NPradeep Kumar, Ashwani Kumar","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.377740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.377740","url":null,"abstract":"This review aims to fill the voids and to update the checklist of sandfly fauna along with its spatial distribution in India. Resource databases i.e. either online or offline were searched to deduce the information to systematize the Indian sandfly fauna. Articles/data retrieved were screened and analysed to further update the available latest checklist. The species name and authorship were given in accord with the International Code for Zoological Nomenclature. We compiled an updated checklist of reported Indian sandfly species along with their state-wise distribution till 2022 as per published literature. Kerala has maximum number of species reports when compared to other endemic states and states with pockets of transmission. Phlebotomus argentipes is the most widely distributed, recorded so far, followed by other Sergentomiya and Phlebotomus species in India. In this review, we have also described the vector and non-vector species of sandfly prevalent in different parts of the country. Phlebotoiella eoindianensis, an amber fossil sandfly species recorded from Gujarat might be older than other records of Indian sandfly fauna. So far 69 species (4 genera and 15 subgenera/groups) of Phlebotomine sandflies have been recorded in India. Proper knowledge of species diversity and its distribution is a prerequisite for planning a systematic vector control strategy and disease management.","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45096514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.4103/1995-7645.377744
G. Ozcora, Elif Söbü, T. Sahin, E. Salı, G. Bektaş
Objective: To report the neurologic prognosis and autoimmune complications of 16 cases of childhood herpes simplex virus encephalitis. Methods: The study was conducted at Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital, Turkey from June 2017 to August 2019. The study included 16 pediatric patients aged between 6 months and 17 years (median age 77.7 months) who were diagnosed with herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis by pediatric infectious disease and pediatric neurology clinics. Patients were followed using patient records, and interviews at the pediatric neurology clinic or via the telephone. Clinical and demographic data, received therapies, neurologic prognosis and complications were evaluated. Results: Patients with and without autoimmune encephalitis were compared in terms of age, sex, symptom duration before treatment, initial cerebrospinal fluid protein, glucose, red blood count and white blood count but no significant difference was found. Autoimmune complications were seen in four patients. N-methyl-D-aspartate encephalitis was observed in three patients and choreoathetosis was seen in one patient. The average follow-up period was 48.3 months. Twenty-five percent of the patients were receiving multiple antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment, 43.8% were receiving single AED treatment and 31.3% were not receiving AED treatment at the end of the follow-up. Motor disability was observed in 12.5% and drug-resistant epilepsy was observed in 6.3% who had autoimmune complications. Conclusions: Seizures and movement disorders were controlled with immunotherapy and autoantibodies should be studied routinely. Treatment should be started early upon recognition of autoimmune complications through follow-up by measuring autoantibody levels and clinical examination results. Effective prevention and curative treatment modalities are needed to avoid herpes simplex virus encephalitis complications.
目的:报道16例儿童单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎的神经系统预后及自身免疫性并发症。方法:研究于2017年6月至2019年8月在土耳其Şanlıurfa培训与研究医院进行。该研究包括16例儿童患者，年龄在6个月至17岁之间(中位年龄77.7个月)，他们被儿科传染病和儿科神经病学诊所诊断为单纯疱疹病毒1型脑炎。通过患者记录、儿科神经病学诊所的访谈或电话对患者进行跟踪。对临床和人口学资料、接受的治疗、神经预后和并发症进行评估。结果:比较自身免疫性脑炎患者与非自身免疫性脑炎患者的年龄、性别、治疗前症状持续时间、初始脑脊液蛋白、血糖、红细胞计数、白细胞计数，但无显著差异。4例患者出现自身免疫性并发症。3例患者出现n -甲基- d -天冬氨酸脑炎，1例患者出现舞蹈病。平均随访48.3个月。25%的患者接受多种抗癫痫药物(AED)治疗，43.8%的患者接受单一抗癫痫药物治疗，31.3%的患者在随访结束时未接受AED治疗。12.5%的患者有运动障碍，6.3%的患者有耐药癫痫。结论:癫痫和运动障碍可通过免疫治疗得到控制，应常规检测自身抗体。在发现自身免疫性并发症后，应通过随访检测自身抗体水平和临床检查结果尽早开始治疗。为了避免单纯疱疹病毒脑炎的并发症，需要有效的预防和治疗方法。
{"title":"Autoimmune complications and clinical outcomes of herpes simplex encephalitis in children: A case series","authors":"G. Ozcora, Elif Söbü, T. Sahin, E. Salı, G. Bektaş","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.377744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.377744","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To report the neurologic prognosis and autoimmune complications of 16 cases of childhood herpes simplex virus encephalitis. Methods: The study was conducted at Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital, Turkey from June 2017 to August 2019. The study included 16 pediatric patients aged between 6 months and 17 years (median age 77.7 months) who were diagnosed with herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis by pediatric infectious disease and pediatric neurology clinics. Patients were followed using patient records, and interviews at the pediatric neurology clinic or via the telephone. Clinical and demographic data, received therapies, neurologic prognosis and complications were evaluated. Results: Patients with and without autoimmune encephalitis were compared in terms of age, sex, symptom duration before treatment, initial cerebrospinal fluid protein, glucose, red blood count and white blood count but no significant difference was found. Autoimmune complications were seen in four patients. N-methyl-D-aspartate encephalitis was observed in three patients and choreoathetosis was seen in one patient. The average follow-up period was 48.3 months. Twenty-five percent of the patients were receiving multiple antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment, 43.8% were receiving single AED treatment and 31.3% were not receiving AED treatment at the end of the follow-up. Motor disability was observed in 12.5% and drug-resistant epilepsy was observed in 6.3% who had autoimmune complications. Conclusions: Seizures and movement disorders were controlled with immunotherapy and autoantibodies should be studied routinely. Treatment should be started early upon recognition of autoimmune complications through follow-up by measuring autoantibody levels and clinical examination results. Effective prevention and curative treatment modalities are needed to avoid herpes simplex virus encephalitis complications.","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41853483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.4103/1995-7645.377742
Binh Nguyen, Lan Y Vo, T. Nguyen, M. Vo, Tinh Pham, H. Nguyen, L. Boyer-Chu, G. Huynh
Objective: To evaluate hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine coverage and its associated factors among health science students in Vietnam. Methods: This cross-sectional study involving 459 health science students at Tra Vinh University was conducted between April and June 2022. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with items on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge and attitude about HBV, and vaccination status. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to explore the factors associated with vaccination status. Results: The majority of participants were female (65.8%) and enrolled at the medical school (56.2%). A total of 30.3% participants received the full dose of the HBV vaccine. The percentages of participants with sufficient knowledge and positive attitudes toward HBV infection were 75.2% and 43.4%, respectively. Vaccination was 11.8 times higher in sixth-year medical students than any healthcare student in their first-year [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 11.8, 95% CI 3.1-45.1, P<0.001], and the coverage was also significant higher in those who had sufficient knowledge (aOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.9, P<0.05) and positive attitudes (aOR 3.0, 95% CI 1.9-4.8, P<0.05) than in their counterparts. Conclusions: The majority of students were not fully vaccinated against HBV, indicating they were vulnerable to the disease. Administrators and authorities should reinforce health education messages aimed at encouraging all students to get vaccinated with the HBV vaccine, enhance their awareness and knowledge of HBV, and improve attitudes toward HBV infection prevention.
目的:了解越南卫生科学专业学生乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)疫苗接种覆盖率及其相关因素。方法:本横断面研究于2022年4月至6月在特拉荣大学进行，涉及459名健康科学专业的学生。数据采用结构化问卷收集，问卷内容包括社会人口学特征、乙肝病毒知识和态度以及疫苗接种状况。采用多变量logistic回归模型探讨与疫苗接种状况相关的因素。结果:大多数参与者为女性(65.8%)，医学院在校生(56.2%)。总共有30.3%的参与者接受了全剂量的HBV疫苗。对HBV感染有充分知识和积极态度的比例分别为75.2%和43.4%。六年级医学生的疫苗接种率是任何一年级卫生保健专业学生的11.8倍[调整优势比(aOR) 11.8, 95% CI 3.1 ~ 45.1, P<0.001]，知识充足(aOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1 ~ 3.9, P<0.05)和积极态度(aOR 3.0, 95% CI 1.9 ~ 4.8, P<0.05)的接种率也显著高于其他学生。结论:大多数学生没有完全接种HBV疫苗，表明他们对该疾病易感。管理人员和当局应加强旨在鼓励所有学生接种HBV疫苗的健康教育信息，提高他们对HBV的认识和知识，并改善对HBV感染预防的态度。
{"title":"Hepatitis B vaccination status and associated factors among health science students","authors":"Binh Nguyen, Lan Y Vo, T. Nguyen, M. Vo, Tinh Pham, H. Nguyen, L. Boyer-Chu, G. Huynh","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.377742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.377742","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine coverage and its associated factors among health science students in Vietnam. Methods: This cross-sectional study involving 459 health science students at Tra Vinh University was conducted between April and June 2022. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with items on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge and attitude about HBV, and vaccination status. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to explore the factors associated with vaccination status. Results: The majority of participants were female (65.8%) and enrolled at the medical school (56.2%). A total of 30.3% participants received the full dose of the HBV vaccine. The percentages of participants with sufficient knowledge and positive attitudes toward HBV infection were 75.2% and 43.4%, respectively. Vaccination was 11.8 times higher in sixth-year medical students than any healthcare student in their first-year [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 11.8, 95% CI 3.1-45.1, P<0.001], and the coverage was also significant higher in those who had sufficient knowledge (aOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.9, P<0.05) and positive attitudes (aOR 3.0, 95% CI 1.9-4.8, P<0.05) than in their counterparts. Conclusions: The majority of students were not fully vaccinated against HBV, indicating they were vulnerable to the disease. Administrators and authorities should reinforce health education messages aimed at encouraging all students to get vaccinated with the HBV vaccine, enhance their awareness and knowledge of HBV, and improve attitudes toward HBV infection prevention.","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43659182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4103/1995-7645.374357
Tukaram Bolla, Sushmita Bhattarai, H. Singh, V. Suri, A. Bhalla, D. Chatterjee
Rationale: Fever with myositis and rhabdomyolysis is a medical emergency requiring prompt diagnosis and management. Scrub typhus associated myositis with rhabdomyolysis is rare. Patient concerns: A 36-year-old female presented with intermittent fever up to 38.6 °C, jaundice and progressive weakness of all four limbs. Diagnosis: Scrub typhus associated myositis and rhabdomyolysis. Intervention: Doxycycline 100 mg twice daily and injection of ceftriaxone 1 gm twice daily along with continuous intravenous fluids. Outcome: Fever resolved with normalization of liver function and recovery of muscle power. Lessons: Presence of myositis and rhabdomyolysis is uncommon in scrub typhus; high clinical suspicion should be kept in patients with atypical manifestations of scrub typhus.
{"title":"Myositis and rhabdomyolysis in scrub typhus infection: A case report","authors":"Tukaram Bolla, Sushmita Bhattarai, H. Singh, V. Suri, A. Bhalla, D. Chatterjee","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.374357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.374357","url":null,"abstract":"Rationale: Fever with myositis and rhabdomyolysis is a medical emergency requiring prompt diagnosis and management. Scrub typhus associated myositis with rhabdomyolysis is rare. Patient concerns: A 36-year-old female presented with intermittent fever up to 38.6 °C, jaundice and progressive weakness of all four limbs. Diagnosis: Scrub typhus associated myositis and rhabdomyolysis. Intervention: Doxycycline 100 mg twice daily and injection of ceftriaxone 1 gm twice daily along with continuous intravenous fluids. Outcome: Fever resolved with normalization of liver function and recovery of muscle power. Lessons: Presence of myositis and rhabdomyolysis is uncommon in scrub typhus; high clinical suspicion should be kept in patients with atypical manifestations of scrub typhus.","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43073585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.4103/1995-7645.374353
Manish Thakur, R. Sobti, T. Kaur
There is considerable evidence from a wide range of sources, including written texts, preserved monuments, and natural plant medicines, that demonstrate the long history of humankind's search for medicinal substances in the natural world. The purpose of this article was to compare the performance of medicinal plant Thuja (T.) occidentalis in a variety of disease-relieving conditions. The current review draws on the work of nearly two hundred original research papers indexed in Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and the NCBI Library. The authors gatherd all the accessible data on the therapeutic effects of T. occidentalis. Although there are no published randomized controlled trials of T. occidentalis alone so far, multiple clinical investigations have validated the therapeutic efficacy of a combination herbal medication including the extract of T. occidentalis and additional immune stimulants. T. occidentalis is a plant with great potential as it is widely used in both traditional homoeopathy and modern, evidence-based phytotherapy. In vitro and in vivo models have shown its immunopharmacological potential, including its immunostimulatory, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and antiviral activities. More researches into these plants might be done to find out if any of them have the potential to be implemented as a novel drug to treat a wide range of conditions.
{"title":"Medicinal and biological potential of Thuja occidentalis: A comprehensive review","authors":"Manish Thakur, R. Sobti, T. Kaur","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.374353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.374353","url":null,"abstract":"There is considerable evidence from a wide range of sources, including written texts, preserved monuments, and natural plant medicines, that demonstrate the long history of humankind's search for medicinal substances in the natural world. The purpose of this article was to compare the performance of medicinal plant Thuja (T.) occidentalis in a variety of disease-relieving conditions. The current review draws on the work of nearly two hundred original research papers indexed in Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and the NCBI Library. The authors gatherd all the accessible data on the therapeutic effects of T. occidentalis. Although there are no published randomized controlled trials of T. occidentalis alone so far, multiple clinical investigations have validated the therapeutic efficacy of a combination herbal medication including the extract of T. occidentalis and additional immune stimulants. T. occidentalis is a plant with great potential as it is widely used in both traditional homoeopathy and modern, evidence-based phytotherapy. In vitro and in vivo models have shown its immunopharmacological potential, including its immunostimulatory, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and antiviral activities. More researches into these plants might be done to find out if any of them have the potential to be implemented as a novel drug to treat a wide range of conditions.","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48524005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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