S. Shahriar, M. Sarker, Mahfuza Afroz Soma, Tabassum Jannat, Sadia Tasnim Mina, Rabita Rahman, M. S. Rahman, M. Rashid
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has been a healthcare disaster because of the unique and distinct characteristics of the pathogen, the easy and rapid transmission of the virus from humans to humans, the challenges in diagnosis and confirmation of the disease and the inability to invent and distribute safe and effective drugs or vaccines worldwide that would work against all the variants of coronavirus. Bangladesh, despite being a third-world country with limited health resources, has not been one of the worst-hit countries in the world but has still suffered with the loss of nearly eleven thousand people. Traditional and herbal remedies have become popular in this sub-continent since long ago and used for the treatment and management of different diseases including infectious disease. In this review, we have summarized the reports of immunostimulating, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and respiratory distress syndrome improving activities of prospective indigenous plants of Bangladesh that may be recommended for use as complementary and alternative medicine or may be potential sources for the discovery and development of anti-COVID-19 medicaments. Thus, the review will be beneficial for the researchers, complementary and alternative medicines or herbal medicine manufacturers, formulators to find out and manage the potential herbal/nutraceutical/medicinal agents for the preparation of complementary and alternative medicines, as well as to the scientist for further research for the discovery and development of therapeutics/new drugs for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 as well as other viral infections. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 89-114, 2022 (January)
{"title":"Potential of Prospective Medicinal Plants of Bangladesh for the Complementary Management of COVID-19","authors":"S. Shahriar, M. Sarker, Mahfuza Afroz Soma, Tabassum Jannat, Sadia Tasnim Mina, Rabita Rahman, M. S. Rahman, M. Rashid","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57845","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has been a healthcare disaster because of the unique and distinct characteristics of the pathogen, the easy and rapid transmission of the virus from humans to humans, the challenges in diagnosis and confirmation of the disease and the inability to invent and distribute safe and effective drugs or vaccines worldwide that would work against all the variants of coronavirus. Bangladesh, despite being a third-world country with limited health resources, has not been one of the worst-hit countries in the world but has still suffered with the loss of nearly eleven thousand people. Traditional and herbal remedies have become popular in this sub-continent since long ago and used for the treatment and management of different diseases including infectious disease. In this review, we have summarized the reports of immunostimulating, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and respiratory distress syndrome improving activities of prospective indigenous plants of Bangladesh that may be recommended for use as complementary and alternative medicine or may be potential sources for the discovery and development of anti-COVID-19 medicaments. Thus, the review will be beneficial for the researchers, complementary and alternative medicines or herbal medicine manufacturers, formulators to find out and manage the potential herbal/nutraceutical/medicinal agents for the preparation of complementary and alternative medicines, as well as to the scientist for further research for the discovery and development of therapeutics/new drugs for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 as well as other viral infections.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 89-114, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73115879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. A. Islam, S. Shahriar, Tanveer Hossain, K. Sikdar, Asm Monjur Al Hossain, Md. Raihan Sarkar, M. Ali
The present study was carried out to assess and compare the analgesic and antioxidant potential of Citrullus lanatus rind and flesh extract. The methanolic extract of the rind and ethyl acetate extract of the flesh were evaluated for their in vivo analgesic activity through the acetic acid-induced writhing method on Swiss Albino mice. The free radical scavenging activity of the extracts was measured by total phenolic content measurement and the DPPH method. The flesh extract showed higher antioxidant activity than the rind extract in both methods. In case of the evaluation of analgesic activity, the results were obtained in a dose dependent manner. At 200 and 400 mg/kg doses, both extracts displayed moderate analgesic property in a statistically significant manner (p < 0.05) with respect to aceclofenac sodium. The flesh extract was found to provide a better effect than the rind extract in this case as well. It may be concluded that the ethyl acetate extract of C. lanatus flesh and the methanolic extract of the rind possessed potential antioxidant and analgesic activities and might be used as sources of nutraceuticals or functional foods. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 67-72, 2022 (January)
{"title":"In vitro Antioxidant and In vivo Analgesic Activities of Citrullus lanatus Rind and Flesh Extract: A Comparison","authors":"M. A. Islam, S. Shahriar, Tanveer Hossain, K. Sikdar, Asm Monjur Al Hossain, Md. Raihan Sarkar, M. Ali","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57842","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out to assess and compare the analgesic and antioxidant potential of Citrullus lanatus rind and flesh extract. The methanolic extract of the rind and ethyl acetate extract of the flesh were evaluated for their in vivo analgesic activity through the acetic acid-induced writhing method on Swiss Albino mice. The free radical scavenging activity of the extracts was measured by total phenolic content measurement and the DPPH method. The flesh extract showed higher antioxidant activity than the rind extract in both methods. In case of the evaluation of analgesic activity, the results were obtained in a dose dependent manner. At 200 and 400 mg/kg doses, both extracts displayed moderate analgesic property in a statistically significant manner (p < 0.05) with respect to aceclofenac sodium. The flesh extract was found to provide a better effect than the rind extract in this case as well. It may be concluded that the ethyl acetate extract of C. lanatus flesh and the methanolic extract of the rind possessed potential antioxidant and analgesic activities and might be used as sources of nutraceuticals or functional foods.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 67-72, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80334650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hospital pharmacy and graduate pharmacists are part and parcel of a proper healthcare system. This study aims to assess Bangladesh's current hospital pharmacy practice and drug management system. A face-to-face interview-based survey was designed, and 15 hospitals of Khulna Division of Bangladesh were subjected to evaluation by a close-ended questionnaire containing 17 questions regarding hospital pharmacy practice and drug management system. Among 15 hospitals, 67% had hospital pharmacy services, whereas 47% had “C” grade pharmacists, and 53% of hospitals had no narcotic drug locker. Surprisingly, 87% of hospitals had no PTC (pharmacy and therapeutic committee), and 40% had no control over drug abuse. Besides, only 6.67% of hospitals had graduate pharmacists (A grade pharmacists), and 33% had no pharmacists. Furthermore, 67% of hospitals provided drug-using information, and 60% of hospitals provided no dosing information to their patients. Moreover, 40% did not maintain the record for expired products and had no “not for sale” tag for expired or damaged medicines. The current study findings suggest that the respective authorities must revisit the current healthcare system and take immediate initiatives to appoint graduate pharmacists in every hospital to improve the medical service with a proper drug management system. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 44-53, 2022 (January)
{"title":"Hospital Pharmacy Practice and Drug Management System of Khulna Division, Bangladesh: Results from a Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Asma Akhter, Safayet Jamil, Md. Jamal Hossain, Md. Monirul Islam, Quazi Istiaque Bari, Ms Afroza Sultana","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57840","url":null,"abstract":"Hospital pharmacy and graduate pharmacists are part and parcel of a proper healthcare system. This study aims to assess Bangladesh's current hospital pharmacy practice and drug management system. A face-to-face interview-based survey was designed, and 15 hospitals of Khulna Division of Bangladesh were subjected to evaluation by a close-ended questionnaire containing 17 questions regarding hospital pharmacy practice and drug management system. Among 15 hospitals, 67% had hospital pharmacy services, whereas 47% had “C” grade pharmacists, and 53% of hospitals had no narcotic drug locker. Surprisingly, 87% of hospitals had no PTC (pharmacy and therapeutic committee), and 40% had no control over drug abuse. Besides, only 6.67% of hospitals had graduate pharmacists (A grade pharmacists), and 33% had no pharmacists. Furthermore, 67% of hospitals provided drug-using information, and 60% of hospitals provided no dosing information to their patients. Moreover, 40% did not maintain the record for expired products and had no “not for sale” tag for expired or damaged medicines. The current study findings suggest that the respective authorities must revisit the current healthcare system and take immediate initiatives to appoint graduate pharmacists in every hospital to improve the medical service with a proper drug management system.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 44-53, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74080760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Mamun, S. Easmin, A. Ahmed, Md. Rezaul Haque Ansary, Wasim Bary, Md Shahed Zaman, H. Haq
Mimusops elengi Linn., locally known as “Bakul, is a commonly used medicinal plant in Bangladesh to treat several maladities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant, α-amylase inhibitory and cytotoxic activity of four different solvent fractions such as petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and water of M. elengi seed. In this study, the high ferric reducing (1.74 ± 0.005) and DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC50 39.49 ± 0.05 μg/ml) was observed in the ethyl acetate fraction. The highest amount of flavonoid content (1059.80 ± 2.15 mg of CE/g) and total antioxidant capacity (0.17 ± 0.005) was present in chloroform fraction. On the other hand, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest total phenolic content (182.90 ± 0.38 mg of GAE/g). Crude methanolic extract showed highest inhibition of α-amylase with IC50 value of 4.09 ± 0.08 mg/ml. The brine shrimp lethality bioassay of ethyl acetate fraction exhibited maximum toxicity with low LD50 value 127.10 μg/ml. Thus, extracts of M. elengi seed could be a source of antioxidant, cytotoxic and α-amylase inhibitory activity containing compounds. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 16-25, 2022 (January)
{"title":"Evaluation of α-Amylase Inhibitory, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Mimusops elengi Seeds","authors":"A. Mamun, S. Easmin, A. Ahmed, Md. Rezaul Haque Ansary, Wasim Bary, Md Shahed Zaman, H. Haq","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57836","url":null,"abstract":"Mimusops elengi Linn., locally known as “Bakul, is a commonly used medicinal plant in Bangladesh to treat several maladities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant, α-amylase inhibitory and cytotoxic activity of four different solvent fractions such as petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and water of M. elengi seed. In this study, the high ferric reducing (1.74 ± 0.005) and DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC50 39.49 ± 0.05 μg/ml) was observed in the ethyl acetate fraction. The highest amount of flavonoid content (1059.80 ± 2.15 mg of CE/g) and total antioxidant capacity (0.17 ± 0.005) was present in chloroform fraction. On the other hand, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest total phenolic content (182.90 ± 0.38 mg of GAE/g). Crude methanolic extract showed highest inhibition of α-amylase with IC50 value of 4.09 ± 0.08 mg/ml. The brine shrimp lethality bioassay of ethyl acetate fraction exhibited maximum toxicity with low LD50 value 127.10 μg/ml. Thus, extracts of M. elengi seed could be a source of antioxidant, cytotoxic and α-amylase inhibitory activity containing compounds.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 16-25, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88183337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md. Ashraful Islam, Safaet Alam, Tanoy Saha, F. Akter, H. Hasnat, A. Zaman, Sagar Ghosh, M. Rashid
Leaves of Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lam. are very popular traditional remedies used by tribal people of Bangladesh near to Sundarbans. The purpose of this work was to assess the pharmacological attributes of methanolic extract of leaves of B. gymnorrhiza employing mice model. Using the well-known tail tipping method, the in vivo glucose-lowering ability of methanolic extract of leaves of B. gymnorrhiza was investigated. The writhing experiment was performed to determine peripheral analgesic activity. The anti-diarrheal activity was determined utilizing the castor oil-induced diarrhea in the mice model. In consequence, oral treatment of the extract at 400 mg/kg b.w. dose caused significant suppression of acetic acid-induced writhing (58.33%). The findings were comparable to the corresponding standard diclofenac (50 mg/kg b.w.) that exhibited 86.67% inhibition of abdominal writhing. Besides, after 180 min of oral ingestion (400 mg/kg) of the extract, the maximum reduction in blood glucose (38.46%) was found, compared to standard glibenclamide (73.67%). Furthermore, when compared to conventional loperamide (65.06%), there was a 40.02% reduction in diarrheal feces at 400 mg/kg b.w. dose. The methanolic extract of leaves of B. gymnorrhiza has strong peripheral analgesic and anti-diarrheal efficacy, as well as modest glucose-lowering effect, according to these in vivo bioassays. Further studies are still recommended to isolate bioactive molecules in order to develop novel drug moieties. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 26-31, 2022 (January)
{"title":"Evaluation of Biological Activities of Methanolic Extract of Leaves of Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lam.: In vivo Studies using Swiss Albino Mice Model","authors":"Md. Ashraful Islam, Safaet Alam, Tanoy Saha, F. Akter, H. Hasnat, A. Zaman, Sagar Ghosh, M. Rashid","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57837","url":null,"abstract":"Leaves of Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lam. are very popular traditional remedies used by tribal people of Bangladesh near to Sundarbans. The purpose of this work was to assess the pharmacological attributes of methanolic extract of leaves of B. gymnorrhiza employing mice model. Using the well-known tail tipping method, the in vivo glucose-lowering ability of methanolic extract of leaves of B. gymnorrhiza was investigated. The writhing experiment was performed to determine peripheral analgesic activity. The anti-diarrheal activity was determined utilizing the castor oil-induced diarrhea in the mice model. In consequence, oral treatment of the extract at 400 mg/kg b.w. dose caused significant suppression of acetic acid-induced writhing (58.33%). The findings were comparable to the corresponding standard diclofenac (50 mg/kg b.w.) that exhibited 86.67% inhibition of abdominal writhing. Besides, after 180 min of oral ingestion (400 mg/kg) of the extract, the maximum reduction in blood glucose (38.46%) was found, compared to standard glibenclamide (73.67%). Furthermore, when compared to conventional loperamide (65.06%), there was a 40.02% reduction in diarrheal feces at 400 mg/kg b.w. dose. The methanolic extract of leaves of B. gymnorrhiza has strong peripheral analgesic and anti-diarrheal efficacy, as well as modest glucose-lowering effect, according to these in vivo bioassays. Further studies are still recommended to isolate bioactive molecules in order to develop novel drug moieties.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 26-31, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85891465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Ahamed,, A. Shanta, I. Bulbul, Md Mahbubur Rahman Tanim, M. Kuddus, M. Rashid
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most commonly diagnosed condition all over the world. Fish is a typical delicacy and one of the most nutritious foods available. Fresh fish bile, according to various indigenous healthcare professionals in Bangladesh, has anti-diabetic effects and its importance in the treatment or management of diabetes and cardiovascular illnesses has also been documented in few recent studies. The goal of this work was to test the hypoglycemic potential of Labeo rohita bile content in order to objectively validate this folklore claim. In this study, in-vivo investigation of the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of L. rohita bile was performed against a streptozotocininduced diabetic rat model. Rats were given bile extract at doses of 0.08 ml/kg body weight and 0.16 ml/kg body weight for one week. Here, metformin HCl (100 mg/kg body weight) was used as reference standard. Both the doses of bile extract exhibited significant hypoglycemic effect (p<0.05) compared to control as well as untreated diabetic control rats. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were also investigated from blood samples followed by 7 days of therapy. The results revealed that both doses of L. rohita bile bear a significant hypolipidemic effect. This study could be beneficial in diabetic and hyperlipidemia conditions. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 32-37, 2022 (January)
{"title":"Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Bile of Bangladeshi Labeo rohita on Streptozotocin (STZ) - Induced Diabetic Rats","authors":"R. Ahamed,, A. Shanta, I. Bulbul, Md Mahbubur Rahman Tanim, M. Kuddus, M. Rashid","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57838","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most commonly diagnosed condition all over the world. Fish is a typical delicacy and one of the most nutritious foods available. Fresh fish bile, according to various indigenous healthcare professionals in Bangladesh, has anti-diabetic effects and its importance in the treatment or management of diabetes and cardiovascular illnesses has also been documented in few recent studies. The goal of this work was to test the hypoglycemic potential of Labeo rohita bile content in order to objectively validate this folklore claim. In this study, in-vivo investigation of the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of L. rohita bile was performed against a streptozotocininduced diabetic rat model. Rats were given bile extract at doses of 0.08 ml/kg body weight and 0.16 ml/kg body weight for one week. Here, metformin HCl (100 mg/kg body weight) was used as reference standard. Both the doses of bile extract exhibited significant hypoglycemic effect (p<0.05) compared to control as well as untreated diabetic control rats. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were also investigated from blood samples followed by 7 days of therapy. The results revealed that both doses of L. rohita bile bear a significant hypolipidemic effect. This study could be beneficial in diabetic and hyperlipidemia conditions.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 32-37, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79036527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The goal of the study was to analyze Bangladeshi women's knowledge of breast cancer and attitudes toward breast self-examination (BSE) practice along with the participants' trust in the breast cancer treatment facility in Bangladesh. The cross-sectional study was carried out between March and July of 2021 among 268 Bangladeshi women over the age of 15 through Google form-based questionnaire who were asked 18 questions about breast cancer. The acquired data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and Excel. The 88% of those surveyed had heard of breast cancer, and 63.4% were aware of its symptoms. Participants' overall knowledge of breast cancer was not satisfactory, with a mean knowledge score of 3.53 on a scale of 0 to 6, and 40.3% fell into the "good knowledge" category. Age, education, residence, and a family history of breast cancer were significant predictors of knowledge level. Only 53% had heard of BSE before, and only 29.5% admitted to being familiar with the BSE technique. Only 23.5% had previously conducted BSE. Only 11.2% of those polled had faith in Bangladesh's breast cancer treatment facilities. Based on the findings of this study, it can be assumed that the majority of women in Bangladesh have minimal understanding of breast cancer, the most common cancer among Bangladeshi women. It is high time to take the required steps to raise awareness about breast cancer and BSE. Furthermore, widespread access to mammograms, radiation, and oncology treatment should be ensured in an attempt to restore faith in healthcare facilities. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 54-66, 2022 (January)
该研究的目的是分析孟加拉国妇女对乳腺癌的知识和对乳房自我检查(BSE)实践的态度，以及参与者对孟加拉国乳腺癌治疗机构的信任。这项横断面研究是在2021年3月至7月期间对268名15岁以上的孟加拉国女性进行的，她们通过bbb10表格问卷调查了18个关于乳腺癌的问题。采用SPSS version 25和Excel对所得数据进行分析。88%的受访者听说过乳腺癌，63.4%的人知道乳腺癌的症状。参与者对乳腺癌的总体认知不理想，在0 - 6分的范围内，平均认知得分为3.53分，40.3%的人属于“良好认知”类别。年龄、教育程度、居住地和乳腺癌家族史是乳腺癌知识水平的显著预测因子。只有53%的人以前听说过疯牛病，只有29.5%的人承认熟悉疯牛病的技术。只有23.5%的人曾患过疯牛病。只有11.2%的受访者对孟加拉国的乳腺癌治疗机构有信心。根据这项研究的结果，可以假设孟加拉国的大多数妇女对乳腺癌知之甚少，乳腺癌是孟加拉国妇女中最常见的癌症。现在是采取必要措施提高人们对乳腺癌和疯牛病的认识的时候了。此外，应确保广泛获得乳房x光检查、放射和肿瘤治疗，以努力恢复对医疗机构的信心。孟加拉国药学杂志25(1):54-66,2022(1月)
{"title":"A Cross-sectional Study on Breast Cancer among the Bangladeshi Female Population","authors":"Faria Nasrin, M. Islam, Md Elias Al Mamun","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57841","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the study was to analyze Bangladeshi women's knowledge of breast cancer and attitudes toward breast self-examination (BSE) practice along with the participants' trust in the breast cancer treatment facility in Bangladesh. The cross-sectional study was carried out between March and July of 2021 among 268 Bangladeshi women over the age of 15 through Google form-based questionnaire who were asked 18 questions about breast cancer. The acquired data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and Excel. The 88% of those surveyed had heard of breast cancer, and 63.4% were aware of its symptoms. Participants' overall knowledge of breast cancer was not satisfactory, with a mean knowledge score of 3.53 on a scale of 0 to 6, and 40.3% fell into the \"good knowledge\" category. Age, education, residence, and a family history of breast cancer were significant predictors of knowledge level. Only 53% had heard of BSE before, and only 29.5% admitted to being familiar with the BSE technique. Only 23.5% had previously conducted BSE. Only 11.2% of those polled had faith in Bangladesh's breast cancer treatment facilities. Based on the findings of this study, it can be assumed that the majority of women in Bangladesh have minimal understanding of breast cancer, the most common cancer among Bangladeshi women. It is high time to take the required steps to raise awareness about breast cancer and BSE. Furthermore, widespread access to mammograms, radiation, and oncology treatment should be ensured in an attempt to restore faith in healthcare facilities.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 54-66, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82582722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mst Jasmin Akter, R. Khatun, N. A. Khatune, A. Alam, Md Aziz Abdur Rahman
The aim of the study was to explore the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of bark of Dillenia indica L. The methanolic extract (CME) of coarse powder of the dried bark was fractionated with pet-ether (PETF), chloroform (CHF), and water (AQF) and each fraction was investigated for antioxidant and free radical potentials. The phenolic contents of CME, CHF, PETF and AQF were found to be 90.2, 171.1, 52.1 and 158.1 and flavonoid contents 182.6, 340.2, 285.9, and 362.6 mg of GAE/g of dried extract, respectively. The total antioxidant activity of CME, PETF, CHF, AQF and standard catechin in terms of absorbance were 0.373, 0.707, 0.88, 1.051 and 0.804, respectively at 160 μg/ml concentration indicating AQF possessing the highest total antioxidant activity. In DPPH radical scavenging activity, the AQF and CHF showed potential radical scavenging activity followed by CME and PETF with IC50 values of 1.5, 2.5, 23 and 61 μg/ml, respectively, whereas standard ascorbic acid showed IC50 at 8 μg/ml. Among the extractives, AQF and CHF exhibited potent hydroxyl radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 49.0 and 42 μg/ml followed by CME and PETF with IC50 of 86 and 168 μg/ml, respectively. In ferric-reducing antioxidant assay, AQF, CHF and CME (absorbance 2.262, 2.418 and 2.157, respectively) showed higher activity than that of standard (1.793) followed by PETF (absorbance 0.593). Since polyphenols like flavonoids play a vital role in controlling antioxidants, polyphenol rich extracts are potent source of antioxidants. Our data showed that the chloroform fraction of the bark of D. indica provided highest polyphenols and antioxidant activities, hence, can be used further as a source of natural antioxidants. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 38-43, 2022 (January)
{"title":"In vitro Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of the Bark of Dillenia indica L.","authors":"Mst Jasmin Akter, R. Khatun, N. A. Khatune, A. Alam, Md Aziz Abdur Rahman","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57839","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to explore the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of bark of Dillenia indica L. The methanolic extract (CME) of coarse powder of the dried bark was fractionated with pet-ether (PETF), chloroform (CHF), and water (AQF) and each fraction was investigated for antioxidant and free radical potentials. The phenolic contents of CME, CHF, PETF and AQF were found to be 90.2, 171.1, 52.1 and 158.1 and flavonoid contents 182.6, 340.2, 285.9, and 362.6 mg of GAE/g of dried extract, respectively. The total antioxidant activity of CME, PETF, CHF, AQF and standard catechin in terms of absorbance were 0.373, 0.707, 0.88, 1.051 and 0.804, respectively at 160 μg/ml concentration indicating AQF possessing the highest total antioxidant activity. In DPPH radical scavenging activity, the AQF and CHF showed potential radical scavenging activity followed by CME and PETF with IC50 values of 1.5, 2.5, 23 and 61 μg/ml, respectively, whereas standard ascorbic acid showed IC50 at 8 μg/ml. Among the extractives, AQF and CHF exhibited potent hydroxyl radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 49.0 and 42 μg/ml followed by CME and PETF with IC50 of 86 and 168 μg/ml, respectively. In ferric-reducing antioxidant assay, AQF, CHF and CME (absorbance 2.262, 2.418 and 2.157, respectively) showed higher activity than that of standard (1.793) followed by PETF (absorbance 0.593). Since polyphenols like flavonoids play a vital role in controlling antioxidants, polyphenol rich extracts are potent source of antioxidants. Our data showed that the chloroform fraction of the bark of D. indica provided highest polyphenols and antioxidant activities, hence, can be used further as a source of natural antioxidants.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 38-43, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74534149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Numerous biologically active metabolites have previously been obtained from endophytes including endophytic fungi. This potentiality and prospect prompted us to find out new compounds having activity against pathogenic bacteria, from fungal endophyte, Necterium sp. isolated from the leaf of Tinospora cordifolia. We cultivated and developed the fungal strains on PDA medium and extracted on ethyl acetate after 28 days. Column chromatographic technique followed by preparative TLC was utilized to isolate secondary metabolites as pure crystalline solid. Two naphthoquinones namely anhydrofusarubin (1) and fusarubin methyl ether (2) were isolated from Necterium sp. The 1H and 13C NMR spectral data of the isolated compounds were analyzed and compared with previously published values to confirm the structure of the compounds. The compounds were assessed for antibacterial activity by resazurin based microdilution assay. Both of them showed sensitivity towards gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa but none was active against Staphylococcus aureus, a gram positive bacteria. The MIC values against P. aeruginosa for anydrofusarubin (1) and fusarubin methyl ether (2) were found to be 32- and 64-μg/ml respectively while the standard gentamycin showed MICs of 6.25 μg/ml (for S. aureus) and 12.5 μg/ml (for P. aeruginosa). The outcomes of our study suggest that anhydrofusarubin (1) and fusarubin methyl ether (2) are beneficial lead compounds to broaden the sphere of marketed antibacterial drugs. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 80-88, 2022 (January)
{"title":"Antibacterial Naphthaquinones from Necterium sp. Inhabited in Tinospora cordifolia","authors":"G. Murshid, M. Sohrab, M. M. Masud, M. Mazid","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57844","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous biologically active metabolites have previously been obtained from endophytes including endophytic fungi. This potentiality and prospect prompted us to find out new compounds having activity against pathogenic bacteria, from fungal endophyte, Necterium sp. isolated from the leaf of Tinospora cordifolia. We cultivated and developed the fungal strains on PDA medium and extracted on ethyl acetate after 28 days. Column chromatographic technique followed by preparative TLC was utilized to isolate secondary metabolites as pure crystalline solid. Two naphthoquinones namely anhydrofusarubin (1) and fusarubin methyl ether (2) were isolated from Necterium sp. The 1H and 13C NMR spectral data of the isolated compounds were analyzed and compared with previously published values to confirm the structure of the compounds. The compounds were assessed for antibacterial activity by resazurin based microdilution assay. Both of them showed sensitivity towards gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa but none was active against Staphylococcus aureus, a gram positive bacteria. The MIC values against P. aeruginosa for anydrofusarubin (1) and fusarubin methyl ether (2) were found to be 32- and 64-μg/ml respectively while the standard gentamycin showed MICs of 6.25 μg/ml (for S. aureus) and 12.5 μg/ml (for P. aeruginosa). The outcomes of our study suggest that anhydrofusarubin (1) and fusarubin methyl ether (2) are beneficial lead compounds to broaden the sphere of marketed antibacterial drugs.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 80-88, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86647887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Jahan, Sirajum Monira, Seba Khondokar Orna, A. Hossain
Piper methysticum G. Forst., commonly known as Kava, is a dioecious perennial herb which is traditionally an important medicinal plant. The plant is used to treat fever, respiratory diseases, seizures, and urogenital problems. The present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant, cytotoxic, membrane stabilizing and analgesic potential of methanol extract of Piper methysticum leaf. Phytochemical screenings of the crude extract revealed the occurrence of acidic compounds, alkaloids, glycosides, reducing sugars, gums, flavonoids, and combined reducing sugars. During antioxidant activity test, the total phenolic content of methanol extract was 42.66 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g extract and it displayed the IC50 value of 6.59 μg/ml to remove DPPH free radicals as compared to the standard butylated hydroxyl toluene (IC50 = 6.38 μg/ml). The extract showed cytotoxicity against brine shrimp nauplii with an LC50 of 60.94 μg/ml. Moreover, the test extract was found to be effective for stabilizing erythrocyte membrane against hypotonic solution induced hemolysis. The extract exhibited dose-dependent pain-relieving activity in mice. At doses of 250- and 500-mg/kg body weight, the plant sample revealed 26.9 2% and 37.95 % of reduction in pain sensation induced by acetic acid, respectively when compared to the standard diclofenac-Na (54.81%). The above results suggest that the selected plant extract possesses antioxidant, cytotoxic, membrane stabilizing and analgesic activities. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 73-79, 2022 (January)
{"title":"Phytochemical and Pharmacological Evaluation of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Piper methysticum","authors":"N. Jahan, Sirajum Monira, Seba Khondokar Orna, A. Hossain","doi":"10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v25i1.57843","url":null,"abstract":"Piper methysticum G. Forst., commonly known as Kava, is a dioecious perennial herb which is traditionally an important medicinal plant. The plant is used to treat fever, respiratory diseases, seizures, and urogenital problems. The present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant, cytotoxic, membrane stabilizing and analgesic potential of methanol extract of Piper methysticum leaf. Phytochemical screenings of the crude extract revealed the occurrence of acidic compounds, alkaloids, glycosides, reducing sugars, gums, flavonoids, and combined reducing sugars. During antioxidant activity test, the total phenolic content of methanol extract was 42.66 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g extract and it displayed the IC50 value of 6.59 μg/ml to remove DPPH free radicals as compared to the standard butylated hydroxyl toluene (IC50 = 6.38 μg/ml). The extract showed cytotoxicity against brine shrimp nauplii with an LC50 of 60.94 μg/ml. Moreover, the test extract was found to be effective for stabilizing erythrocyte membrane against hypotonic solution induced hemolysis. The extract exhibited dose-dependent pain-relieving activity in mice. At doses of 250- and 500-mg/kg body weight, the plant sample revealed 26.9 2% and 37.95 % of reduction in pain sensation induced by acetic acid, respectively when compared to the standard diclofenac-Na (54.81%). The above results suggest that the selected plant extract possesses antioxidant, cytotoxic, membrane stabilizing and analgesic activities.\u0000Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1): 73-79, 2022 (January)","PeriodicalId":8695,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83766143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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