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Improving the process of growing crops through the use of smart greenhouses 通过使用智能温室改善作物种植过程
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20237102011
A.S. Nechaev, E.A. Ilina, O.A. Morozevich
The article analyzes the use of smart greenhouses as an automated mechanism for growing crops. The article describes devices and digital solutions of the Internet of things used in agriculture, and their role in growing crops. The article specifies the methods that can be used to improve the process of growing crops through the use of smart greenhouses: automation, precision farming, management, protection against drops and temperatures in extreme conditions, and inventory control. The article identifies advantages of smart greenhouses which can improve the process of growing in agriculture: data collection with smart meters, alerting, analysis and prediction of the volume of crops, control of deviations. The methods and recommendations suggested by the authors can help automate the production cycle in agriculture.
本文分析了智能温室作为一种种植作物的自动化机制的使用。本文介绍了农业中使用的物联网设备和数字解决方案,以及它们在种植作物中的作用。文章详细说明了通过使用智能温室来改善作物种植过程的方法:自动化、精准农业、管理、在极端条件下防止温度下降和库存控制。本文确定了智能温室的优势,它可以改善农业的生长过程:智能仪表的数据收集,警报,分析和预测作物的数量,控制偏差。作者提出的方法和建议有助于实现农业生产周期的自动化。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a protein stabilizer from collagen-containing raw materials for the food industry 食品工业用含胶原蛋白原料的蛋白质稳定剂的研制
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20237101087
Vsevolod Ponomarev, Eduard Yunusov
The paper considers the perspective of using low-value products of cattle carcasses processing to increase the usage of protein raw materials in the production of sausage products. Protein hydrolysates from collagen-containing raw materials have been obtained by consecutive enzymatic and peroxide-alkaline treatment. The effect of enzymatic and chemical treatment on the structural elements of collagen fibers has been studied by confocal microscopy. It was revealed that the enzymatic treatment led to a violation of the protein framework integrity. The hydrolysates had a disturbed spatial structure with signs of dehiscence. Protein stabilizer recipe with replacement of low-grade raw materials (veins and tendons) by protein hydrolysate has been proposed. The developed protein stabilizer has high technological properties and can be used for partial replacement of meat raw materials in the manufacture of sausage products.
本文从利用低价值牛胴体加工产品的角度考虑,提高香肠产品生产中蛋白质原料的利用率。从含胶原蛋白的原料中,通过连续的酶和过氧化物碱处理,获得了蛋白质水解产物。用共聚焦显微镜研究了酶和化学处理对胶原纤维结构成分的影响。结果表明,酶处理导致了蛋白质框架完整性的破坏。水解产物空间结构紊乱,有开裂的迹象。提出了用蛋白质水解物替代低品位原料(静脉和肌腱)的蛋白质稳定剂配方。所研制的蛋白质稳定剂具有较高的工艺性能,可在香肠制品生产中部分替代肉类原料。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling the dynamics of fine dust fraction in the surface layer of the atmosphere 大气表层细尘组分的动力学模拟
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20237102013
Egor Savin, Asvar Akhmedov, Alexander Khoperskov
We investigated the operating conditions of excavator equipment, leading to unsteady dynamics of dust far from the pollution source. Wind transport of dust takes into account the non-uniform vertical wind profile. Diffusion movement is also determined by the inhomogeneous coefficient of turbulent diffusion with a nonmonotonic dependence on height. The Earth’s surface is given by a digital elevation model, which allows calculations for a specific area with complex topography. Vertical inhomogeneities of wind and turbulence significantly change the nature of the spatial distributions of dust particles. Our approach makes it possible to determine changes in the disperse composition of particles with distance from the dust source.
通过对挖掘机设备运行工况的研究,得出了远离污染源的粉尘的非定常动力学。粉尘的风输运考虑了垂直风廓线的不均匀性。扩散运动还由湍流扩散的非均匀系数决定,该系数与高度非单调相关。地球表面是由数字高程模型给出的,它允许对具有复杂地形的特定区域进行计算。风和湍流的垂直不均匀性显著改变了尘粒的空间分布性质。我们的方法使确定颗粒的分散组成随距离尘埃源的变化成为可能。
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引用次数: 0
Development of innovative technologies in the agricultural industry 发展农业创新技术
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20237101043
A.S. Nechaev, M.F. Tyapkina, E.F. Kireeva
The article explores the development of engineering technologies. Problems of the agricultural sector which affect the improvement and development of the technological process were identified. It was emphasized that new technologies can reconstruct the structure of the agricultural industry and provide the population with agricultural products. The analysis of the economic activity of agricultural enterprises of the Russian Federation, new technologies and research programs for the development of the agricultural industry was conducted to summarize and describe the latest engineering technologies using special specialized equipment. Attention was paid to the development of energy and resource-saving technologies, which play a key role in processing, harvesting, and transporting crops and increasing yields and shelf life of foods. Scientific and practical recommendations for improving energy-resource-saving technologies in the agricultural industry were developed.
文章探讨了工程技术的发展。确定了影响技术进程的改进和发展的农业部门的问题。强调新技术可以重构农业产业结构,为人口提供农产品。对俄罗斯联邦农业企业的经济活动、农业产业发展的新技术和研究计划进行了分析,以总结和描述使用特殊专业设备的最新工程技术。能源和资源节约型技术的发展受到重视,这些技术在作物的加工、收获和运输以及提高食品产量和保质期方面发挥着关键作用。为提高农业节能技术水平提出了科学实用的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Study of imidazolinone-resistant hybrids of rapeseed and sunflower for yield depending on doses of mineral nutrition 油菜和向日葵抗咪唑啉酮杂交种产量与矿质营养剂量的关系研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20237101044
Dmitry Vinogradov, Tatyana Zubkova
The article offers an analysis of the yield of hybrid lines of sunflower and spring rapeseed, grown according to the technology using herbicides of the chemical class Imidozalinones, against the background of various doses of mineral nutrition. The research was carried out in two regions of the Central European part of Russia, in the Lipetsk and Ryazan regions in 2021-2022. According to the results of the experiment, all used hybrids of oilseeds showed high yields, above the average yields for the regions. The maximum yield was found in all plots of mineral nutrition with the action of N 250 P 70 K 70 - for sunflower, and with the action of N 210 P 50 K 50 - for spring rapeseed.
本文分析了在不同剂量矿质营养条件下,用化学类咪唑啉类除草剂栽培向日葵和春油菜籽杂交种的产量。该研究于2021-2022年在俄罗斯中欧部分的利佩茨克和梁赞两个地区进行。根据试验结果,所有使用的油籽杂交种产量都很高,高于该地区的平均产量。矿质营养施氮250p70k70 -(向日葵)和施氮210p50k50 -(春菜籽)的小区产量最高。
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引用次数: 0
Overview of the spread of soybean pests in the Russian Federation 俄罗斯联邦大豆害虫传播概况
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20237101062
Tatiana Belova, Ol’ga Telichko, Oksana Syrmolot, Elena Lastushkina
Soy is the most demanded and widespread leguminous culture in the world. She received this status due to the rich chemical composition of seeds and its wide use for food, technical and fodder purposes. The sown area under this crop is increasing every year. Soy is an attractive object for many insects. In its agrocenosis there are both useful and harmful species. The object of our research was soybean pests. The article analyzes publications in order to clarify the species composition and distribution of soybean pests in the last century to the present. The paper presents data on the distribution of soy phytophages in the main regions of soybean cultivation in Russia. Among the pests of soybeans in the Russian Federation there are both specialized and multi -stage species: leaf - shocking insects - Lepidoptera (scaly), Coleoptera (hard -winged), Hemiptera (semi -burned -winged), Homoptera (equivalent), Acariformes (ticks), Thysanoptera - thrips (Thrips sp.), insects damaging seeds - diptera (double -winged). The most common phytophages causing significant harm to soybeans in Russia are: Leguminivora glycinivorella Mats., Paraluperodes suturalis nigrobilineatus Motsch., Aphis glycines Mats., Loxostege sticticalis L., Etiella zinckenella Tr., Orthosia ella Butl, Pyrrhia umbra Hufn, Heliothis maritime Grasl. and Tetranychus urticae C.L.Kocn. According to the results of phytosanitary monitoring in 2022 in Primorsky Krai, the most common soybean pests were: soybean striped leaf beetle, polyphagous soybean leaf beetle, soybean moth and various types of bugs.
大豆是世界上需求量最大、分布最广的豆科作物。由于种子的丰富化学成分及其在食品、技术和饲料方面的广泛应用,她获得了这一地位。这种作物的播种面积每年都在增加。大豆是吸引许多昆虫的对象。在其农业中既有有益的物种,也有有害的物种。我们的研究对象是大豆害虫。本文通过对出版物的分析,阐明了上世纪至今大豆害虫的种类组成和分布。本文介绍了俄罗斯大豆种植主要地区大豆噬菌体的分布情况。在俄罗斯联邦的大豆害虫中,有专门的和多阶段的物种:叶触目昆虫-鳞翅目(鳞片),鞘翅目(硬翅),半翅目(半烧翅),同翅目(同等),蜱虫目(蜱),蓟马(蓟马属),危害种子的昆虫-双翅目(双翼)。在俄罗斯,对大豆造成重大危害的最常见的噬菌体是:Leguminivora glycinivorella Mats。;黑胆道缝旁超棘虫;,蚜虫甘氨酸席。,棘骨菌,锌氏菌,棘骨菌,棘骨菌,棘骨菌,海草。和荨麻疹叶螨。根据滨海边疆区2022年植物检疫监测结果,最常见的大豆害虫为:大豆条纹叶甲虫、多食性大豆叶甲虫、大豆飞蛾和各类昆虫。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of kelp (Laminaria digitata) technological characteristics depending on the drying method 海带(海带)干燥方法的工艺特性测定
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20237101060
Mikhail Ershov, Ludmila Kuranova, Irina Smirnova, Julia Alloyarova
The paper considers four methods of drying kelp ( Laminaria digitata ): convective dehydration at an air temperature of minus 5 oС, relative air humidity of 55 and 90 %; vacuum drying at a metal carrier temperature of 20°C and a vacuum depth of 250 Pa; convective dehydration at an air temperature of 20°C and a relative air humidity of 35 %. In dried algae, the final moisture content, water activity, and strength characteristics were evaluated. To determine the swelling coefficient, dry algae were pre-crushed. It was established that at a temperature of minus 5°C and a relative air humidity of 90 %, dehydration had an unsatisfactory result in terms of the final moisture content of the finished product 27.4 %. This type of drying at a relative air humidity of 55 % provides a final moisture content of the product (12.3 ± 0.48) % and a relatively high swelling coefficient of 6.9. Algae, dehydrated at minus 5°C, had elastic properties, in contrast to other considered methods. Vacuum drying made it possible to obtain the minimum final moisture content of dry algae and the highest swelling coefficient of 7.7. However, drying to constant weight lasted 25.5 hours. Of the considered drying options, the convective method ( t = 20°C) showed the highest rate. The duration of drying to constant weight was 8 hours. The final moisture content of the product was acceptable (9.8±1.52) %. However, the water activity after algae swelling had the highest value of 0.97±0.004, and the swelling coefficient had a relatively low value of 6.5. In further studies, it is planned to study the effect of various methods of algae dehydration on the preservation of its biologically active substances.
本文考虑了四种干燥海带(海带)的方法:温度为零下5℃oС,相对空气湿度为55%和90%的对流脱水;真空干燥,金属载体温度20℃,真空深度250pa;在空气温度为20℃,相对湿度为35%的条件下进行对流脱水。在干燥的藻类中,评估了最终水分含量、水活度和强度特性。为测定膨胀系数,对干藻进行预碎。结果表明,在温度为- 5℃,相对空气湿度为90%的条件下,脱水效果不理想,成品的最终含水率为27.4%。这种干燥在相对空气湿度为55%时,产品的最终水分含量为(12.3±0.48)%,膨胀系数相对较高,为6.9。与其他考虑的方法相比,在零下5°C脱水的藻类具有弹性特性。真空干燥可使干藻的最终含水率最小,膨胀系数最高,为7.7。干燥至恒重需25.5小时。在考虑的干燥选项中,对流方法(t = 20°C)显示出最高的速率。干燥至恒重时间为8小时。产品的最终含水率(9.8±1.52)%是可接受的。藻类溶胀后的水活度最高,为0.97±0.004,溶胀系数较低,为6.5。在进一步的研究中,计划研究各种藻类脱水方法对其生物活性物质保存的影响。
{"title":"Determination of kelp (<i>Laminaria digitata</i>) technological characteristics depending on the drying method","authors":"Mikhail Ershov, Ludmila Kuranova, Irina Smirnova, Julia Alloyarova","doi":"10.1051/bioconf/20237101060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20237101060","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers four methods of drying kelp ( Laminaria digitata ): convective dehydration at an air temperature of minus 5 oС, relative air humidity of 55 and 90 %; vacuum drying at a metal carrier temperature of 20°C and a vacuum depth of 250 Pa; convective dehydration at an air temperature of 20°C and a relative air humidity of 35 %. In dried algae, the final moisture content, water activity, and strength characteristics were evaluated. To determine the swelling coefficient, dry algae were pre-crushed. It was established that at a temperature of minus 5°C and a relative air humidity of 90 %, dehydration had an unsatisfactory result in terms of the final moisture content of the finished product 27.4 %. This type of drying at a relative air humidity of 55 % provides a final moisture content of the product (12.3 ± 0.48) % and a relatively high swelling coefficient of 6.9. Algae, dehydrated at minus 5°C, had elastic properties, in contrast to other considered methods. Vacuum drying made it possible to obtain the minimum final moisture content of dry algae and the highest swelling coefficient of 7.7. However, drying to constant weight lasted 25.5 hours. Of the considered drying options, the convective method ( t = 20°C) showed the highest rate. The duration of drying to constant weight was 8 hours. The final moisture content of the product was acceptable (9.8±1.52) %. However, the water activity after algae swelling had the highest value of 0.97±0.004, and the swelling coefficient had a relatively low value of 6.5. In further studies, it is planned to study the effect of various methods of algae dehydration on the preservation of its biologically active substances.","PeriodicalId":8805,"journal":{"name":"BIO Web of Conferences","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135505462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Technology of identification of natural resource potential in geodynamic ecological and economic assessment of the territory of the developed hydrocarbon deposit 油气发育区地球动力生态经济评价中资源潜力识别技术
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20237102008
Nikolay Solomatin, Yuri Vladov, Maxime Nesterenko, Yuri Nesterenko, Oksana Kapustina
The article investigates the use of aggregated models for geodynamic assessment of the ecological and economic assessment of the territory of the hydrocarbon field under development, including the values of reservoir pressure drops from the initial level. The significant potential of the developed identification technology and the proposed state models suggests the need for further research and enrichment of the created scientific direction. The results of the study allow us to build a more efficient hydrocarbon production program.
本文探讨了利用聚合模型对正在开发的油气田区域进行生态和经济评价的地球动力学评价,包括从初始水平开始的储层压力降值。已开发的识别技术和提出的状态模型的巨大潜力表明,需要进一步研究和丰富所创建的科学方向。这项研究的结果使我们能够建立一个更有效的油气生产计划。
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引用次数: 0
Fauna of Ground Beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in Broad-leaved Forests of the Republic of Mordovia (Central European Russia) 摩尔多瓦共和国(俄罗斯中欧)阔叶林地甲虫区系(鞘翅目,甲虫科)
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20237102026
Sergei Alekseev, Viktor Aleksanov, Alexander Ruchin, Sergei Lukiyanov, Eugeny Lobachev, Mikhail Esin, Gennady Semishin
The fauna of Carabidae adults in broad-leaved forests of the Republic of Mordovia (central European Russia) was studied. A total of 18210 ground beetle specimens of 104 species (8 subfamilies) were collected. The most numerous species were eight species: Carabus cancellatus, Pterostichus niger, Pterostichus oblongopunctatus, Limodromus assimilis, Calosoma inquisitor, Carabus granulatus, Pterostichus melanarius, Carabus arvensis . The basis of the Carabidae fauna consists of 25 species with high occurrence (50% and higher). Among them, four species are characterized by 100% occurrence: Carabus granulatus, Carabus hortensis, Pterostichus niger, Pterostichus oblongopunctatus .
本文研究了摩尔多瓦共和国(俄罗斯中欧)阔叶林中卡拉贝科成虫的区系。共采集到地面甲虫8亚科104种18210份标本。种类最多的是8种,分别是:褐飞蛾、黑飞蛾、长角飞蛾、同色飞蛾、调查性飞蛾、肉芽飞蛾、黑飞蛾、斑点飞蛾。甲壳类动物群的基础包括25种高发生率(50%以上)。其中,有4种的出现率为100%,分别是:细粒蜈蚣、荷兰蜈蚣、黑蜈蚣、长角蜈蚣。
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引用次数: 0
Monitoring the use of mineral fertilizers in rural areas of the region 监测本区域农村地区矿物肥料的使用情况
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20237101105
L. Krasilnikova, D. Balandin, E. Balandin
The article reviews the main approaches to the use of fertilizers in agricultural production. A discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of the use of mineral fertilizers in rural areas within the framework of the provisions of sustainable development and the concept of green economy has been revealed. On the example of the Russian Federation and rural territorial economic systems, using monitoring tools, the dependence of wheat yield on the use of mineral and organic fertilizers was studied. The continuing importance of mineral fertilizers in matters of ensuring the food security of the world community has been established.
本文综述了农业生产中肥料使用的主要途径。在可持续发展规定和绿色经济概念的框架下,对农村地区使用矿物肥料的利弊进行了讨论。以俄罗斯联邦和农村领土经济系统为例,利用监测工具研究了小麦产量对使用矿物和有机肥料的依赖。矿物肥料在确保国际社会粮食安全方面的持续重要性已得到确认。
{"title":"Monitoring the use of mineral fertilizers in rural areas of the region","authors":"L. Krasilnikova, D. Balandin, E. Balandin","doi":"10.1051/bioconf/20237101105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20237101105","url":null,"abstract":"The article reviews the main approaches to the use of fertilizers in agricultural production. A discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of the use of mineral fertilizers in rural areas within the framework of the provisions of sustainable development and the concept of green economy has been revealed. On the example of the Russian Federation and rural territorial economic systems, using monitoring tools, the dependence of wheat yield on the use of mineral and organic fertilizers was studied. The continuing importance of mineral fertilizers in matters of ensuring the food security of the world community has been established.","PeriodicalId":8805,"journal":{"name":"BIO Web of Conferences","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135506255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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