Behavioural Brain Research最新文献_第8页

Rare coding mutations in the glucagon-like peptide-2 pathway are associated with increased risk of binge eating disorders 胰高血糖素样肽-2通路的罕见编码突变与暴食症的风险增加有关。

IF 2.3 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Behavioural Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115940

Michael Lutter

Background

We have previously reported that patients with a history of binge eating disorder or bulimia nervosa are more likely to have rare, damaging mutations in glucagon-like peptide 1 and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor. Little is known about the role of the closely related glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) pathway in regulation of feeding behaviors.

Results

The 2–162144091-T-C single nucleotide polymorphism in the GLP-2 region of the GCG gene was observed to be shared by a mother and two of her children with a history of binge eating. Subsequent analysis of patients who presented to our clinic identified one additional patient with a different missense mutation in the GLP-2 peptide and five more unrelated patients were found to have one of four additional rare, missense mutations in GLP2R, the gene encoding the GLP-2 receptor. Using the publicly available gnomAD database as a non-clinical comparison group, patients with a history of binge eating are significantly more likely to have mutations in GLP-2 peptide or GLP2 receptor. In total, seven unrelated patients out of 60 (11.6 %) with a history of binge eating episodes were found to have a rare, missense mutation in the GLP-2 pathway. Furthermore, three of the seven patients have a history of taking a GLP-1 receptor agonist medication and in all three cases binge eating behaviors stopped after initiation of the medication.

Conclusions

These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that mutations in the GLP-2 system may increase the risk of binge eating behaviors. These findings need to be reproduced in a broader clinical population to confirm the results and estimate the prevalence of GLP-2 system mutations in patients with binge eating behaviors.

背景：我们之前报道过有暴食症或神经性贪食症病史的患者更有可能发生罕见的、破坏性的胰高血糖素样肽1和胰高血糖素样肽1受体突变。密切相关的胰高血糖素样肽2 （GLP-2）通路在调节摄食行为中的作用尚不清楚。结果：GCG基因GLP-2区域2-162144091-T-C单核苷酸多态性在一位有暴食史的母亲和她的两个孩子中发现。随后对到我们诊所就诊的患者进行分析，发现另外一名患者在GLP-2肽中存在不同的错义突变，另外五名不相关的患者在编码GLP-2受体的基因GLP2R中发现了另外四种罕见的错义突变中的一种。使用公开的gnomAD数据库作为非临床对照组，有暴食史的患者GLP-2肽或GLP2受体突变的可能性明显更高。总的来说，60例有暴食史的患者中有7例（11.6%）发现GLP-2通路存在罕见的错义突变。此外，7名患者中有3名有服用GLP-1受体激动剂的历史，在这3名患者中，暴饮暴食的行为在开始服药后都停止了。结论：这些发现与GLP-2系统突变可能增加暴食行为风险的假设一致。这些发现需要在更广泛的临床人群中重现，以证实结果并估计GLP-2系统突变在暴饮暴食行为患者中的患病率。

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引用次数: 0

Neurobehavioral correlates of dopamine agonist-induced eye-blinking in the marmoset monkey 多巴胺激动剂诱导的狨猴眨眼的神经行为相关。

IF 2.3 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Behavioural Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115939

AbdulRahman Abbas, Oanh T. Luc, Lei Cao, Kenroy Cayetano, Jack Bergman, Stephen J. Kohut, Brian D. Kangas

Eye-blinking has been used to catalog dopaminergic receptor subtype activation in several mammalian species. In this study, the dissimilar effects of directly-acting D₁ and D₂ agonists and an indirectly-acting non-selective agonist (SKF-82958, quinelorane, cocaine, respectively) on eye-blinking were confirmed in marmosets. Subsequently, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to examine their effects on functional connectivity (FC) between the dopamine-rich putamen and other brain regions. Results indicate that SKF-82958 produced dose-dependent increases in blinking, with the highest dose (0.3 mg/kg) yielding > 9-fold increases over baseline values. In contrast, the highest dose of quinelorane (0.001 mg/kg) reduced blink rates to ∼30 % of baseline. Following the highest dose of cocaine (5.6 mg/kg), only limited (∼20 %) and short-lived (∼20-min) decreases in eye-blinking were observed. In fMRI studies, cocaine induced transient FC increases between putamen and striatal regions, whereas the D₁ and D₂ agonists induced distinct temporal dynamics and region-specific changes in putamen FC. SKF-82958 strengthened putamen FC with motor and sensory regions and reduced FC with visual and cerebellar regions. Conversely, quinelorane reduced putamen connectivity with motor and sensory areas and strengthened FC with regions associated with visual and emotional regulation. These effects in marmosets align with previous outcomes and show that dopamine receptor-subtype activation produce distinct patterns of FC between the putamen and brain regions that play key integrative roles in eye-blinking and other behavior. These findings support eye-blinking as a non-invasive cross-species indicator of dopaminergic subtype activation that can be used to enhance our understanding of dopamine-related dysfunction in neuropsychiatric disorders.

在一些哺乳动物物种中，眨眼被用来分类多巴胺能受体亚型的激活。本研究证实了直接作用的D1和D2激动剂与间接作用的非选择性激动剂（分别为SKF-82958、喹氯烷、可卡因）对狨猴眨眼的不同作用。随后，使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）来检查它们对富含多巴胺的壳核与其他大脑区域之间的功能连接（FC）的影响。结果表明，SKF-82958会产生剂量依赖性的眨眼增加，最高剂量（0.3mg/kg）比基线值增加10倍。相比之下，最高剂量的喹氯烷（0.001mg/kg）将眨眼率降低到基线的30%左右。在服用最高剂量的可卡因（5.6mg/kg）后，只观察到有限的（~20%）和短暂的（~20分钟）眨眼减少。在功能磁共振成像研究中，可卡因诱导壳核和纹状体区域之间短暂的FC增加，而D1和D2激动剂诱导壳核FC明显的时间动态和区域特异性变化。SKF-82958增强了壳核运动区和感觉区的FC，降低了视觉区和小脑区的FC。相反，quinelorane降低了壳核与运动和感觉区域的连通性，并加强了与视觉和情绪调节相关区域的FC。这些对狨猴的影响与之前的结果一致，并表明多巴胺受体亚型激活在壳核和大脑区域之间产生不同的FC模式，这些区域在眨眼和其他行为中起着关键的整合作用。这些发现支持眨眼作为多巴胺能亚型激活的非侵入性跨物种指标，可用于增强我们对神经精神疾病中多巴胺相关功能障碍的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Increased dietary levels of folic acid reduce survival and alters climbing behaviors 24 h after hypoxia in male and female Drosophila melanogaster 饮食中叶酸水平的增加降低了雄性和雌性黑腹果蝇缺氧后的存活率并改变了攀爬行为24 h

IF 2.3 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Behavioural Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115941

Siddarth Gunnala , Alisha Harrison , Amber Juba , Paula Ashcraft , Meher Garg , Teodoro Bottiglieri , Lori M. Buhlman , Nafisa M. Jadavji

Hypoxia is a major component of ischemic stroke. The prevalence of ischemic stroke is expected to increase as the global population ages and risk factors, like obesity, are on the rise. Nutrition is a modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke. Increased dietary intake of folic acid (FA) has become an increasing problem in the U.S and other countries as more people are consuming at or above the recommended daily amount of FA. The impact of too much dietary FA on hypoxia is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate how increased dietary levels of FA impact hypoxia outcomes using Drosophila melanogaster as a model. Adult female and male w¹¹¹⁸ Drosophila melanogaster flies were placed on control (CD) and 100 µM folic acid (FAD) diets. At 5–6 days old fruit fly progeny were exposed to hypoxia for two hours prior to returning to normoxic conditions. We observed escape behavior in hypoxia larvae, confirming exposure to hypoxia. Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, elevated FA levels were observed in FAD compared to controls. We report increased acute hypoxia-induced mortality in FAD flies. Furthermore, FAD flies were not motivated to climb after hypoxia. Under normoxic conditions FAD flies had a higher velocity when descending during a climb. Interestingly, there was no impact of FA on apoptosis in brain tissue post-hypoxia. Together these data suggest that increase dietary intake of FA can have negative health outcomes after hypoxia.

缺氧是缺血性中风的一个重要组成部分。随着全球人口老龄化和肥胖等危险因素的增加，预计缺血性中风的患病率将会增加。营养是缺血性中风的一个可改变的危险因素。在美国和其他国家，随着越来越多的人摄入的叶酸达到或超过每日推荐摄入量，膳食中叶酸（FA）的摄入量增加已成为一个日益严重的问题。膳食中摄入过多FA对缺氧的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在以黑腹果蝇为模型，研究饮食中FA水平的增加对缺氧结果的影响。将成年雌性和雄性w1118黑腹果蝇分别置于对照（CD）和100 µM叶酸（FAD）饮食中。在5-6 天大时，果蝇后代暴露于缺氧环境中2小时，然后返回正常环境。我们观察到缺氧幼虫的逃逸行为，证实了缺氧暴露。使用液相色谱-串联质谱法，与对照组相比，FAD中FA水平升高。我们报告了FAD果蝇急性缺氧引起的死亡率增加。此外，FAD蝇在缺氧后没有攀登的动力。在正常条件下，FAD蝇在爬升过程中下降时具有较高的速度。有趣的是，FA对缺氧后脑组织凋亡没有影响。综上所述，这些数据表明，增加饮食中FA的摄入量可能会对缺氧后的健康产生负面影响。

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引用次数: 0

50-kHz vocalization subtypes emitted by male rats anticipating a sexual partner: Lack of effect of amphetamine withdrawal 雄鼠期待性伴侣发出的50khz发声亚型：缺乏安非他明戒断的效果。

IF 2.3 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Behavioural Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115938

Adithi Sundarakrishnan, Bridget Siek, Paul B.S. Clarke

The sucrose preference test is the primary measure of anhedonia in rat models of depression, but it does not specifically assess anticipatory anhedonia, a deficit commonly observed in patients. Anticipatory 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) may offer a more translationally relevant affective measure, yet the subtypes linked to reward anticipation and their alteration in depression models remain poorly characterized. The present study investigated whether certain USV measures (i.e., 50-kHz call rate, call subtype prevalence) were modified in male rats while they anticipated access to a sexually-receptive female partner vs. no partner. The study also examined whether withdrawal from a chronic amphetamine regimen (2 mg/kg IP, once daily for 14 days), intended to induce a depressive-like state, would inhibit the anticipation-associated changes in USV measures, and modify performance in conventional measures of depressive-like state (sucrose preference test, forced swim test). However, in contrast to previous reports, no behavioural signs of withdrawal were observed. Independent of amphetamine history, male rats anticipating a sexual partner emitted more 50-kHz calls, with a preferential increase in two rare 50-kHz call subtypes: split and composite calls. Our findings support the notion that subtypes other than the predominantly studied “flat” and “trill” can potentially serve as markers of affect. In particular, split and composite calls may provide novel translationally relevant measures of anticipatory anhedonia, but they need to be evaluated in other rat models of depression.

蔗糖偏好测试是抑郁症大鼠模型中快感缺乏症的主要测量方法，但它不能专门评估预期性快感缺乏症，这是一种在患者中常见的缺陷。预期的50 khz超声发声（usv）可能提供了一种与翻译更相关的情感测量，但与奖励预期相关的亚型及其在抑郁模型中的变化仍然缺乏特征。本研究调查了某些USV测量（即50 khz的呼叫率，呼叫亚型流行率）是否在雄性大鼠预期获得性接受性的雌性伴侣与没有伴侣时被修改。该研究还检查了慢性安非他明方案（2mg/kg每日一次，持续14天）是否会诱导抑郁样状态，从而抑制USV测量的预期相关变化，并改变常规抑郁样状态测量（蔗糖偏好测试，强迫游泳测试）的表现。然而，与之前的报告相反，没有观察到戒断的行为迹象。与安非他明的历史无关，雄性大鼠在期待性伴侣时会发出更多的50-kHz的叫声，尤其是两种罕见的50-kHz的叫声亚型：分裂叫声和复合叫声。我们的研究结果支持了这样一种观点，即除了主要研究的“平淡”和“颤音”亚型之外，其他亚型也可能作为情感的标志。特别是，分裂和复合叫声可能为预期性快感缺乏症提供新的翻译相关措施，但它们需要在其他大鼠抑郁症模型中进行评估。

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引用次数: 0

Comparison of the effects of acupuncture and drug treatment for central post-stroke pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials 针刺与药物治疗中枢性脑卒中后疼痛的疗效比较：随机试验的系统回顾和网络荟萃分析。

IF 2.3 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Behavioural Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115936

Chun Zhang , Zhiping Wu , Wenjing Fan , Wei Wei , Mihriya Mutallip , Shuqun Yang , Wangyang Zhao , Yu Sun , Xin Chen

Background and purpose

Central post-stroke pain (CPSP), a chronic neuropathic pain syndrome severely impairing quality of life, has no established optimal therapy, though randomized controlled trials have evaluated the effects of drug therapy, acupuncture, and their combination.

Methods

The primary outcomes were pain scores and the number of adverse reactions. The primary analyses involved network plotting to illustrate the structure of the network with P-scores to encapsulate the ranking of interventions. Results were obtained through direct comparisons within studies and indirect comparisons across studies. The Cochrane tool (ROB 2.0) was utilized to evaluate risk of bias.

Results

Bayesian ranking identified Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture combined with pregabalin (82.47 %) as the most effective, followed by carbamazepine with gabapentin (80.9 %), Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture (79.31 %), Tiaoshen Zhitong acupuncture (72.69 %) and pregabalin (69.2 %). Based on direct and indirect evidence from the NMA, Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture combined with pregabalin showed the greatest efficacy compared to placebo (-2.68, 95 % CI: −5.29 to −0.14). Tiaoshen Zhitong acupuncture outperformed carbamazepine (-1.74, 95 % CI: −3.20 to −0.23) and placebo (-2.06, 95 % CI: −4.05 to −0.03), while pregabalin demonstrated superior analgesic effects compared to carbamazepine (-1.54, 95 % CI: −2.40 to −0.64), gabapentin (-1.49, 95 % CI: −2.45 to −0.51), and placebo (-1.86, 95 % CI: −3.21 to −0.53).

Conclusion

For CPSP treatment, Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture combined with pregabalin was most effective, followed by Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture, Tiaoshen Zhitong acupuncture, and pregabalin. Treatment strategies may vary regionally; however, combining Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture with pregabalin could represent the most effective approach, providing clinical recommendations.

背景和目的：中枢性卒中后疼痛（CPSP）是一种严重影响生活质量的慢性神经性疼痛综合征，目前尚无确定的最佳治疗方法，尽管随机对照试验已经评估了药物治疗、针灸及其联合治疗的效果。方法：以疼痛评分和不良反应次数为主要观察指标。主要的分析涉及网络绘图，以说明网络的结构与p分数封装的干预措施的排名。结果通过研究内的直接比较和研究间的间接比较获得。采用Cochrane工具（ROB 2.0）评价偏倚风险。结果：贝叶斯排序结果显示，醒脑开窍针联合普瑞巴林疗效最佳（82.47%），卡马西平联合加巴喷丁疗效最佳（80.9%），醒脑开窍针疗效最佳（79.31%），调神直通针疗效最佳（72.69%），普瑞巴林疗效最佳（69.2%）。根据NMA的直接和间接证据，与安慰剂相比，醒脑开窍针联合普瑞巴林的疗效最好（-2.68,95% CI: -5.29至-0.14）。调参止痛针优于卡马西平（-1.74,95% CI: -3.20至-0.23）和安慰剂（-2.06,95% CI: -4.05至-0.03），而普瑞巴林的镇痛效果优于卡马西平（-1.54,95% CI: -2.40至-0.64）、加巴喷丁（-1.49,95% CI: -2.45至-0.51）和安慰剂（-1.86,95% CI: -3.21至-0.53）。结论：醒脑开窍针联合普瑞巴林治疗CPSP效果最佳，醒脑开窍针次之，调肾止痛针次之，普瑞巴林次之。治疗策略可能因地区而异；而醒脑开窍针刺联合普瑞巴林可能是最有效的方法，为临床提供了建议。

{"title":"Comparison of the effects of acupuncture and drug treatment for central post-stroke pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials","authors":"Chun Zhang , Zhiping Wu , Wenjing Fan , Wei Wei , Mihriya Mutallip , Shuqun Yang , Wangyang Zhao , Yu Sun , Xin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and purpose</h3><div>Central post-stroke pain (CPSP), a chronic neuropathic pain syndrome severely impairing quality of life, has no established optimal therapy, though randomized controlled trials have evaluated the effects of drug therapy, acupuncture, and their combination.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The primary outcomes were pain scores and the number of adverse reactions. The primary analyses involved network plotting to illustrate the structure of the network with P-scores to encapsulate the ranking of interventions. Results were obtained through direct comparisons within studies and indirect comparisons across studies. The Cochrane tool (ROB 2.0) was utilized to evaluate risk of bias.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Bayesian ranking identified Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture combined with pregabalin (82.47 %) as the most effective, followed by carbamazepine with gabapentin (80.9 %), Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture (79.31 %), Tiaoshen Zhitong acupuncture (72.69 %) and pregabalin (69.2 %). Based on direct and indirect evidence from the NMA, Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture combined with pregabalin showed the greatest efficacy compared to placebo (-2.68, 95 % CI: −5.29 to −0.14). Tiaoshen Zhitong acupuncture outperformed carbamazepine (-1.74, 95 % CI: −3.20 to −0.23) and placebo (-2.06, 95 % CI: −4.05 to −0.03), while pregabalin demonstrated superior analgesic effects compared to carbamazepine (-1.54, 95 % CI: −2.40 to −0.64), gabapentin (-1.49, 95 % CI: −2.45 to −0.51), and placebo (-1.86, 95 % CI: −3.21 to −0.53).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>For CPSP treatment, Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture combined with pregabalin was most effective, followed by Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture, Tiaoshen Zhitong acupuncture, and pregabalin. Treatment strategies may vary regionally; however, combining Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture with pregabalin could represent the most effective approach, providing clinical recommendations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"499 ","pages":"Article 115936"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145530414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cortical thinning predicts cognitive impairment and progression in Parkinson’s disease: The mediating role of p-Tau 皮层变薄预测帕金森病的认知障碍和进展：p-Tau的介导作用。

IF 2.3 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Behavioural Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115937

Junli Ren , Dongling Xie , Zihao Wu , Haobo Xie , Lingsheng Wang , Feng Chen , Jiahan Xu , Qiaoqiao Jin , Haoyang Huang , Yuwen Luo , Baoyi Zhu , Min Luo , Guangyong Chen , Dehao Yang

Background and Objective

Clinically accessible biomarkers are critically needed for the early identification of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD). This study aimed to investigate the associations of cortical thickness (CTh) and p-Tau with cognitive decline in PD.

Methods

In this prospective cohort study, 195 PD patients underwent 3 T MRI at baseline. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) at baseline and annually over a 3-year follow-up. CTh was automatically quantified with FreeSurfer. Longitudinal changes were analyzed with linear mixed-effects models, and the risk of cognitive impairment was evaluated with Cox regression.

Results

Baseline global CTh was positively correlated with MoCA scores (r = 0.228, p = 0.001), and this correlation strengthened significantly over the 3-year follow-up (r = 0.405 at Year 3). In Cox models, reduced global CTh predicted future cognitive impairment (HR = 0.156, p = 0.008). Linear mixed-effects models further showed that thinner global CTh was associated with a more rapid decline in MoCA scores over time (CTh × time interaction: estimate = 1.325, p = 0.032). Regional analyses identified specific areas where CTh provided substantially stronger predictive value than the global measure, with the cuneus cortex being the most robust predictor (HR = 0.126, p = 0.001). In contrast, p-Tau was a significant but comparatively weaker predictor (HR = 1.034, p = 0.023). Mediation analysis revealed that baseline CTh explains the cross-sectional association between p-Tau and cognitive performance at 1-year follow-up. A novel observation was that CTh also accounted for the association between GBA-PD status and motor progression.

Conclusions

CTh represents a robust neuroimaging biomarker for both baseline cognitive performance and longitudinal cognitive decline in PD, demonstrating superior predictive value compared to p-Tau.

背景与目的：临床可获得的生物标志物对于早期识别帕金森病（PD）的认知障碍至关重要。本研究旨在探讨皮质厚度（CTh）和p-Tau与PD认知能力下降的关系。方法：在这项前瞻性队列研究中，195名PD患者在基线时接受了3T MRI检查。认知功能评估采用蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）在基线和每年超过3年的随访。用FreeSurfer自动定量CTh。采用线性混合效应模型分析纵向变化，采用Cox回归评估认知功能障碍风险。结果：基线总体CTh与MoCA评分呈正相关（r = 0.228, p = 0.001），并且在3年随访期间，这种相关性显著增强（第3年时r = 0.405）。在Cox模型中，总体CTh降低预示着未来的认知障碍（HR = 0.156, p = 0.008）。线性混合效应模型进一步表明，随着时间的推移，更薄的全球CTh与MoCA评分的下降速度更快相关（CTh ×时间交互作用：估计= 1.325,p = 0.032）。区域分析确定了特定区域，其中CTh提供了比全局测量更强的预测价值，楔叶皮层是最可靠的预测器（HR = 0.126, p = 0.001）。相比之下，p- tau是一个显著但相对较弱的预测因子（HR = 1.034, p = 0.023）。中介分析显示基线CTh解释了1年随访时p-Tau与认知表现之间的横断面关联。一个新的观察结果是，CTh也解释了GBA-PD状态和运动进展之间的关联。结论：与p-Tau相比，CTh是PD患者基线认知能力和纵向认知能力下降的强有力的神经影像学生物标志物，具有更好的预测价值。

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引用次数: 0

TLR4 inhibition attenuates facilitatory effects of JQ1 on learning & memory via polarization of microglia, and BDNF expression in Alzheimer’s disease model TLR4抑制通过小胶质细胞极化和阿尔茨海默病模型BDNF表达减弱JQ1对学习记忆的促进作用

IF 2.3 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Behavioural Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115919

Saba Ahangaran , Arash Pourgholaminejad , Rahim Nosrati , Parvin Babaei

Objective

Neuroinflammation is a core event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is mediated by microglia. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of co-inhibition of Toll-like receptor (TLR4) and chromatin reader of BRD4 on cognition deficit, polarization of microglia, and Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the hippocampus.

Methods

Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: saline +saline, Aβ+saline, Aβ+JQ1(BRD4 inhibitor), Aβ+TAK242 (TLR4 inhibitor), Aβ+JQ1 +TAK-242, and received the related treatments. Then cognitive functions were assessed by passive avoidance learning (PAL) and Morris water maze (MWM) tests and the polarization of microglia and BDNF level in the hippocampus, were measured using flow cytometry and western blotting, respectively.

Results

Chronic intracerebroventricular administration of JQ1, either alone or in combination with TAK-242, significantly reduced escape latency and increased the time spent in the target quadrant (TTS) during the probe test of the Morris Water Maze (MWM), compared with the Aβ + saline group (p < 0.05). In contrast, TAK-242 alone prolonged escape latency and reduced TTS (p < 0.05). Moreover, JQ1 treatment markedly elevated the M2/M1 microglial polarization and the mBDNF/proBDNF ratio in the hippocampus (p < 0.05), suggesting that JQ1 promotes neuroprotective and facilitatory effects on cognitive function in AD model.

Conclusion

Our results indicate that JQ1 successfully improves learning and memory in the rat model of AD, primarily by inducing the transcription of mature BDNF expression and suppressing inflammatory factors related to the M1 microglia. In contrast, co-treatment with a TLR4 inhibitor attenuates both spatial and aversive memories, probably through a decrease in BDNF expression.

目的：神经炎症是小胶质细胞介导的阿尔茨海默病（AD）发病过程中的核心事件。本研究旨在探讨toll样受体（TLR4）和BRD4染色质解读器共同抑制对海马认知缺陷、小胶质细胞极化和脑源性神经营养因子的影响。方法：40只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为5组：生理盐水+生理盐水、Aβ+生理盐水、Aβ+JQ1（BRD4抑制剂）、Aβ+TAK242 （TLR4抑制剂）、Aβ+JQ1+TAK-2452，并给予相应处理。然后通过被动回避学习（PAL）和Morris水迷宫（MWM）测试评估认知功能。然后分别用流式细胞术和western blotting检测海马小胶质细胞极化和BDNF水平。结果：与Aβ +生理盐水组相比，慢性脑室给药JQ1单独或联合TAK-242可显著降低Morris水迷宫（MWM）探针测试时的逃避潜伏期，增加靶象限（TTS）停留时间（p < 0.05）。单独使用TAK-242可延长逃避潜伏期，降低TTS （p < 0.05）。此外，JQ1显著提高了海马M2/M1小胶质细胞极化和mBDNF/proBDNF比值（p < 0.05），表明JQ1促进了该模型的神经保护和认知功能机制。结论：我们的研究结果表明，JQ1主要通过诱导BDNF表达的转录和抑制M1小胶质细胞相关的炎症因子，成功改善了阿尔茨海默病大鼠模型的学习和记忆。相比之下，与TLR4抑制剂共同治疗可能通过减少BDNF表达来减弱空间记忆和厌恶记忆。

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引用次数: 0

Electrophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder after transcranial magnetic stimulation: A systematic review 经颅磁刺激后强迫症的电生理：系统综述。

IF 2.3 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Behavioural Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115935

Binxin Huang , Wei Li , Zhen Wang

Background

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the top ten most disabling diseases worldwide. In recent years, a significant number of OCD patients have not responded to psychological and pharmacological treatments, resulting in treatment-resistant OCD. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has emerged as a promising alternative strategy for treating treatment-resistant OCD and has been widely used in clinical practice. However, the EEG indicators associated with the anti-OCD effects of TMS are still not fully understood. This review systematically synthesizes EEG changes before and after TMS in OCD and examines their associations with symptom improvement to identify candidate markers with potential predictive value.

Methods

This systematic review evaluates the electrophysiological effects of TMS on patients with OCD. This review highlights the potential of TMS, particularly high-frequency TMS, to reduce OCD symptoms and alter brain activity patterns.

Results

Studies reviewed indicate that high-frequency TMS can significantly decrease Y-BOCS scores, with effects lasting up to three months. Electrophysiological changes observed include increased delta band, theta band, and alpha band power and decreased beta band power post-treatment. The changes in power are mainly concentrated in the left temporal, the left central, and the parietal-occipital regions. However, there are some controversies regarding brain functional connectivity.

Limitations

Efficacy ranking of the treatments could be performed by evaluating relatively few RCT results.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that TMS can modulate neural circuits involved in OCD, offering a viable alternative or adjunctive treatment for patients unresponsive to traditional therapies. Incorporating EEG assessments into future TMS clinical trials will enhance the ability to predict treatment efficacy.

背景：强迫症（Obsessive-compulsive disorder， OCD）是全球十大致残疾病之一。近年来，相当多的强迫症患者对心理和药物治疗没有反应，导致治疗抵抗性强迫症。经颅磁刺激（TMS）已成为治疗难治性强迫症的一种有前景的替代策略，并已广泛应用于临床实践。然而，与经颅磁刺激抗强迫症作用相关的脑电图指标尚不完全清楚。本综述系统地综合了强迫症经颅磁刺激前后的脑电图变化，并研究了它们与症状改善的关系，以确定具有潜在预测价值的候选标记物。方法：本系统综述评价经颅磁刺激对强迫症患者电生理的影响。这篇综述强调了经颅磁刺激，特别是高频经颅磁刺激，在减少强迫症症状和改变大脑活动模式方面的潜力。结果：研究回顾表明，高频经颅磁刺激可以显著降低Y-BOCS评分，效果持续长达三个月。观察到的电生理变化包括处理后δ波段、θ波段和α波段功率增加，β波段功率下降。权力的变化主要集中在左颞区、左中央区和顶枕区。然而，关于脑功能连接存在一些争议。局限性：可以通过评估相对较少的RCT结果来对治疗进行疗效排序。结论：这些发现表明经颅磁刺激可以调节与强迫症有关的神经回路，为对传统疗法无反应的患者提供了一种可行的替代或辅助治疗方法。将脑电图评估纳入未来的经颅磁刺激临床试验将提高预测治疗效果的能力。

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引用次数: 0

Memory deficits link trait-like EEG spectral profiles during REM and slow-wave sleep with shared symptoms of depression and anxiety 记忆缺陷将快速眼动和慢波睡眠期间的特征样脑电图谱特征与抑郁和焦虑的共同症状联系起来。

IF 2.3 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Behavioural Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115932

Xinran Niu , Kristin E.G. Sanders , Dan Denis , Tony J. Cunningham , Guangjian Zhang , Elizabeth A. Kensinger , Jessica D. Payne

Emerging evidence suggests that trait-level cortical hyperarousal during sleep–indicated by heightened EEG activity in higher frequency bands–disrupts memory processing and contributes to depression and anxiety, particularly during rapid eye movement (REM) and slow wave sleep (SWS). Given that memory deficits are putative risk factors for depression and anxiety, we hypothesized that memory deficits might mediate the association between elevated high-frequency EEG activity and greater symptom severity. A sample of 149 healthy adults (ages 18–59) encoded scenes featuring either negative (e.g., snake) or neutral objects (e.g., chipmunk) placed on neutral backgrounds (e.g., forest). Participants indicated whether an object or a background was the same, similar or new compared to what they encountered during encoding. Participants also underwent one night of laboratory-monitored polysomnography to assess trait-level spectral bandpower. General distress (a broad underlying factor of negative affect common to both depression and anxiety) was assessed using questionnaires. Results indicated that elevated beta and gamma power during REM sleep were significantly associated with false memory for negative objects (i.e., mistakenly recognizing negative objects not presented during encoding), which was in turn linked to greater general distress. During SWS, higher beta power was associated with reduced overall memory accuracy across all scene components, which was in turn related to greater general distress. However, mediation effects were not significant after controlling for age and sex. These results suggest that memory impairments may serve as a pathway linking trait-like, hyperarousal-related physiological profiles during REM and SWS to the increased comorbidity of depression and anxiety.

新出现的证据表明，睡眠过程中特征水平的皮质亢奋——表现为脑电图在高频段的活动增强——会破坏记忆处理，导致抑郁和焦虑，尤其是在快速眼动（REM）和慢波睡眠（SWS）期间。鉴于记忆缺陷被认为是抑郁和焦虑的危险因素，我们假设记忆缺陷可能介导高频脑电图活动升高和症状严重程度之间的关联。149名健康成年人（18-59岁）的样本编码了一些场景，这些场景要么是负面的（如蛇），要么是中性的（如花栗鼠），放在中性的背景（如森林）上。参与者指出，与他们在编码过程中遇到的物体或背景相比，它们是相同的、相似的还是新的。参与者还接受了一晚实验室监测的多导睡眠描记术，以评估特征水平的频谱带功率。一般的痛苦（抑郁和焦虑共同的消极影响的一个广泛的潜在因素）是用问卷来评估的。结果表明，快速眼动睡眠期间β和γ能量的升高与负面物体的错误记忆（即错误地识别出编码过程中没有出现的负面物体）显著相关，这反过来又与更大的普遍痛苦有关。在SWS期间，较高的beta功率与所有场景组件的整体记忆准确性降低有关，这反过来又与更大的普遍痛苦有关。但在控制年龄和性别后，中介效应不显著。这些结果表明，记忆障碍可能是将REM和SWS期间的特质样、高唤醒相关生理特征与抑郁和焦虑共病增加联系起来的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Multiscale static and dynamic brain functional network analysis reveals aberrant connectivity patterns in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder 多尺度静态和动态脑功能网络分析揭示学龄前自闭症谱系障碍儿童异常的连接模式。

IF 2.3 3区心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Behavioural Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115931

Jiannan Kang , Yuqi Li , Juanmei Wu , Wenqin Mao , Xiaoli Li , Xin Li , Rui Su

Background

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with altered brain functional connectivity, but findings regarding the nature of these abnormalities remain inconsistent, partly due to methodological limitations and the disorder’s intrinsic heterogeneity. This study aims to provide a comprehensive characterization of functional network alterations in preschool children with ASD by integrating low- and high-order functional connectivity (LOFC/HOFC), static and dynamic network analysis, and entropy-based state transition assessment.

Methods

EEG data were collected from 32 children with ASD and 32 typically developing (TD) children during resting state. Static and dynamic LOFC and HOFC networks were constructed across four frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta). Graph theoretical measures (clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, global and local efficiency) and state entropy were computed to assess network organization and dynamic integration-segregation transitions.

Results

Compared to TD children, those with ASD exhibited decreased LOFC strength in theta, alpha, and beta bands but increased strength in the delta band. In contrast, HOFC analysis revealed higher connectivity in ASD across delta, theta, and alpha bands. Graph metrics showed significantly lower clustering, efficiency, and higher path lengths in the ASD group, indicating reduced integrative capacity. Dynamic network analysis further revealed altered state entropy in ASD, suggesting impaired flexibility in transitioning between network integration and segregation. These alterations varied across frequency bands and time scales, with distinct patterns between LOFC and HOFC.

Conclusion

This multiscale approach demonstrates that ASD in early childhood is characterized by both hypo- and hyper-connectivity, disrupted topological organization, and abnormal temporal dynamics in brain networks. The integration of hierarchical connectivity analysis with dynamic measures provides novel insights into the neurophysiological underpinnings of ASD and may inform future biomarker development.

背景：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）与大脑功能连接改变有关，但关于这些异常性质的研究结果仍然不一致，部分原因是方法学的局限性和该疾病内在的异质性。本研究旨在通过整合低阶和高阶功能连接（LOFC/HOFC）、静态和动态网络分析以及基于熵的状态转移评估，全面表征学龄前ASD儿童的功能网络改变。方法：采集32例ASD患儿和32例典型发育（TD）患儿静息状态脑电图数据。静态和动态LOFC和HOFC网络在四个频带（delta, theta, alpha, beta）上构建。计算图理论度量（聚类系数、特征路径长度、全局和局部效率）和状态熵来评估网络组织和动态集成-隔离转换。结果：与TD儿童相比，ASD患儿在θ、α和β波段的LOFC强度下降，但在δ波段的强度增加。相比之下，HOFC分析显示，ASD在δ、θ和α波段的连通性更高。图表指标显示，ASD组的聚类、效率和路径长度显著降低，表明整合能力降低。动态网络分析进一步揭示了ASD状态熵的改变，表明在网络整合和隔离之间转换的灵活性受损。这些变化在不同的频带和时间尺度上有所不同，在LOFC和HOFC之间具有不同的模式。结论：该多尺度方法表明，儿童早期ASD具有低连接和超连接、拓扑组织破坏和大脑网络时间动态异常的特征。层次连接分析与动态测量的结合为ASD的神经生理基础提供了新的见解，并可能为未来的生物标志物开发提供信息。

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引用次数: 0