Bioresource Technology Reports最新文献

This study examined the effects of microaeration pretreatment and varying organic loading rates (OLRs) on volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production from food waste (FW) via anaerobic digestion process. FW was pretreated with 6 mL O₂/g VS and digested at OLRs ranging from 10 to 25 g/L VS. Microaeration pretreatment increased the VFA yield to 7.4 g/L, whereas without pretreatment, it was 5.19 g/L, with butyrate as the dominant VFA (92 % at 25 g/L OLR) due to Firmicutes enrichment. A relatively high OLR initially increased VFA production but later favored propionate without pretreatment. Microbial analysis revealed that aerobic conditions promoted lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus, increasing lactic acid production, whereas anaerobic conditions promoted Prevotella and butyrate producers such as Clostridium, which specialize in acetate and butyrate production. This study highlights that microaeration and an optimal OLR can increase and stabilize VFA yields, modulating the microbial community for tailored VFA profiles that are useful in biofuel and biochemical applications.

Moroccan traditional fermented foods (MTFFs) are generally naturally fermented foods and are highly desired by consumers due to their typical flavor, texture, and nutraceutical value. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are typical bacteria that participate in the fermentation process. During fermentation, LAB can produce important bioactive compounds like antimicrobial molecules, organic acids, exopolysaccharides (EPS), enzymes, and vitamins; which increase the nutritional values of fermented foods. LAB are generally recognized as safe (GRAS), and considered probiotics for their beneficial health. Additionally, LAB application improves organoleptic properties, enhancing consumer acceptance and prolonging the shelf life of food products. This review presents an overview of LAB from MTFFs, including knowledge of the techno-functional, production of bioactive compounds, health-promoting, as well as the advantages of applying LAB as starters and bio-preservative agents in the manufacture of agri-foods.

The treatment of heavy metals such as Fe and manganese Mn remains a critical global issue, necessitating solutions that are not only effective and efficient but also cost- effective and easy to implement. Adsorption has been identified as one of the most efficient techniques for removing heavy metals. This study investigates adsorption method applied to real AMD, characterized by high levels of heavy metal contamination and low pH. Key parameters analyzed include adsorption performance, isotherm and kinetic models, thermodynamic properties, and adsorption characteristics. The adsorbent used was zeolite functionalized with carboxyl, hydroxyl, and sulfate groups derived from macroalgae. Material characterization was conducted using SEM, XRD, and FTIR. The results indicate that zeolite functionalized with carboxyl, hydroxyl, and sulfate groups from macroalgae effectively reduced Fe and Mn concentrations by up to 99 % within just five minutes. Furthermore, the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and conformed to the Langmuir isotherm model.

Herein, Peltophorum pterocarpum flowers (PPFs) were used to fabricate magnetic activated carbon (MAC) through one-pot pyrolysis with the addition of FeCl₃ and KOH. XRD results proved that zero-valent iron crytals were formed in activated carbon (AC) bases. With 16.0 wt% Fe, MAC possessed a specific saturation magnetization of 35.6 emu/g, indicating its sufficient strength for magnetic separation. Furthermore, MAC had hierarchical porosity, characterized by a specific surface area of 69 m²/g and a total pore volume of 0.104 cm³/g. Subsequently, MAC was explored for activating persulfate (PS) in methyl orange (MO) decolorization. At pH 3.0, 30 °C, 5.00 mM PS, and 1.00 g/L MAC, 93.3 % MO (0.100 mM) vanished after 120 min. In reuse experiments, only 10.6 % of iron was leached from the MAC activator, and MO removal still remained at 77.7 % after five cycles. In summary, PPF-derived MAC showed effective potential in activating PS for MO elimination.

Malaysia's economic growth relies on depletable fossil fuels that raise atmospheric CO₂. Accordingly, researchers search for sustainable fuels that sequester significant levels of CO₂. Chlorella vulgaris meets these criteria, but high production costs hamper its adoption. The hypothesis is that technological advances improve the commercial viability of algal bioethanol. A large-scale agricultural model is modified to study algal cultivation. Algal bioethanol becomes competitive if algal producers experience an annual 2 % harvest yield gain or a 3 % annual production cost reduction. Algal bioethanol is predicted to produce 4249.21 megalitres in 2059 for harvest yield gains. It sequesters 9.72 megatons of CO₂-equivalent tailpipe emissions and 12.78 megatons of flue gas in 2059. Meanwhile, production cost reductions yield 1607.61 megalitres in 2064. It sequesters 3.68 megatons of CO₂-equivalent tailpipe emissions and 10.68 megatons of flue gas in 2059. Thus, the hypothesis is supported that technological advancements improve the commercial viability of algal bioethanol.

This study explored the potential of Alpinia purpurata pseudostems, an agricultural waste product, as a sustainable and eco-friendly source of natural fibers for the textile industry. The aim was to characterize the properties of natural cellulose fibers from the pseudostems of the Alpinia purpurata plant. The research employed water retting to extract the fibers, and the intrinsic fiber properties obtained were evaluated for their suitability in textile applications. The average length of an Alpinia purpurata fiber was 67.80 cm with a fineness value of 7.61 Tex. A bundle of Alpinia purpurata fibers was comprised of many elementary fibers. Alpinia purpurata had an irregular cross-section, with the lumen having a varied oval shape. The fibers exhibited tenacity and elongation values of 2.49 g/denier and 5.72 %, respectively, and a coefficient of friction value of 0.49. Additionally, Alpinia purpurata fibers were hygroscopic, with a moisture regain value of 11.97 %. The findings revealed that the fibers possessed notable tensile strength, moderate elongation, and high moisture regain, making them suitable for non-apparel textile products requiring durability and moisture management. While not the strongest among natural fibers, their sufficient strength and other advantageous properties demonstrated their viability for various applications. This work addressed a significant gap in the literature on the utilization of agricultural by-products, proposing Alpinia purpurata pseudostems as a sustainable alternative that aligned with environmentally responsible manufacturing practices and supported the circular economy. Future research was recommended to optimize processing techniques and explore broader applications.

Pharmaceutical sludge is considered hazardous waste in many countries, and pyrolysis treatment of pharmaceutical sludge is a newly popular field. This study comprehensively examines the effects of various pretreatment pHs on the structure and practical application efficiencies of pharmaceutical sludge-derived biochar. Results revealed that the acidic biochar was not only richer in functional groups, but also had more visible structural defects, making it more favorable for application as a catalyst. Furthermore, the biochar pretreated at pH 3.0 produced the greatest amount of persistent free radicals and hydroxyl radicals. Additionally, the biochar pretreated at pH 3.0 demonstrated the most effective tetracycline removal, with a removal efficiency of 57.84 mg/g-biochar. Compared to the control test, the addition of biochar could achieve considerable bactericidal effect. This paper demonstrates scientific and guiding significance to the pyrolysis process and applications of biochar derived from pharmaceutical sludge.

This study aims to evaluate the effect of drying temperature and drying kinetics of the blanched and salt-treated oyster mushrooms. The drying temperatures were from 40 to 80 °C. Evaluations were done on the moisture content, rehydration ratio, and physical changes. The CHNS and FTIR analyses were conducted under optimized drying conditions. The drying kinetics were evaluated and the result discovered that the best drying condition with a good rehydration ratio (6.3) and good quality was the salt treatment sample dried at 60 °C in 6 h. The drying kinetic was explored in five different kinetics models, and the parabolic model proved to be the best model with the highest R² (1.000), lowest RMSE (7.0899E-05), and MBE (5.02666E-09). The effective moisture diffusivities obtained were 0.4–1.8 × 10⁻⁹ m²/s and the activations energy was 36–45 kJ/mol. The drying and treatment processes significantly impact the intensity of functional groups, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen contents. This study provides useful insights into the drying process of oyster mushrooms using oven drying.

Advances in computational tools have enabled the development of genome-scale metabolic (GSM) models. Integrating GSM models with downstream processes through multi-scale models allows predicting biorefinery feasibility. This study utilizes the GSM model iCbu641 to predict the use of the wild-type strain Clostridium butyricum IBUN 158B for producing 1,3-propanediol (PDO) from Colombian biodiesel-derived glycerol. Different bioreactor and evaporation trains were evaluated, with the selected biorefinery comprising a fed-batch bioreactor and double-effect evaporation trains. Economic evaluation indicates the selected biorefinery has a payout period of 7.4 years and a production cost of around 1 US$/kg, indicating feasibility. Five additional biorefineries were assessed using in-silico knockout mutants blocking competing co-products. Simulations revealed that blocking hydrogen production could reduce unit costs and payout periods by up to 15 %, suggesting its potential in a PDO biorefinery. Concluding, the novelty of this study is the holistic integration of biological and economic assessments, reducing resources in exploratory experiments.

Anaerobic digestion is a highly promising approach to manage agricultural/food wastes that reduces pollution and produces energy effectively. In this study, we investigate the incorporation of a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) in anaerobic digestion process with the introduction of two graphite felts to enhance biogas production with minimal electrical energy input. The high amount of biogas (1890 ± 113.1 mL) was produced from the 1:2 v/v mixture of vegetable wastes in water and 0.8 V supplemented at 27 °C. Biogas could also be effectively produced in MEC at 18 °C (632 ± 14.8 mL), which is more than double in comparison with biogas produced without voltage (303 ± 27.5 mL). Maximum COD reduction was found in MEC (70.84 ± 5.54 %) than in control (20.35 ± 4.53 %). Three Bacillus strains and one Exiguobacterium strain were isolated from the MEC sludge. Electricity supplemented anaerobic digestion can produce higher amount of biogas and improve waste degradation by transforming waste into energy.