Hiba Shams, Imam Pasha.S, M. A. Ali Khan, Anupama Koneru
ABSTRACT: This article describes herbal remedies and herbal products for alopecia. It mainly states the use of herbal preparations for the treatment of hair loss and also describes their advantages over synthetic products and drugs. As the use of herbal blends have least side effects, maximum efficacy, and are economically and easily prevalent, they can act as naturopathic medicines in treating various types of hair loss. Hair loss can be due to different reasons such as genetic tendency, extreme stress, nutritional deficiency, environmental triggers, exposure to chemicals etc. Hence use of synthetic compounds can show unfavorable outcomes such as scaling, dermatitis, pruritus and other skin related problems and to overcome such effects herbal products which are made by extraction of natural compounds mainly herbs are preferred as they play a role in patient compliance and show more than one mode of action for the treatment of alopecia. The article basically gives the description of various herbal products, remedies and also herbal products with nutrient supplements available with their brand name, manufacturing details along with their cost, indications which can be beneficial to treat hair loss.
{"title":"A Critical Analysis of the Usage of Herbal Products Amidst South Indian Population for the Treatment of Alopecia","authors":"Hiba Shams, Imam Pasha.S, M. A. Ali Khan, Anupama Koneru","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3110","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: This article describes herbal remedies and herbal products for alopecia. It mainly states the use of herbal preparations for the treatment of hair loss and also describes their advantages over synthetic products and drugs. As the use of herbal blends have least side effects, maximum efficacy, and are economically and easily prevalent, they can act as naturopathic medicines in treating various types of hair loss. Hair loss can be due to different reasons such as genetic tendency, extreme stress, nutritional deficiency, environmental triggers, exposure to chemicals etc. Hence use of synthetic compounds can show unfavorable outcomes such as scaling, dermatitis, pruritus and other skin related problems and to overcome such effects herbal products which are made by extraction of natural compounds mainly herbs are preferred as they play a role in patient compliance and show more than one mode of action for the treatment of alopecia. The article basically gives the description of various herbal products, remedies and also herbal products with nutrient supplements available with their brand name, manufacturing details along with their cost, indications which can be beneficial to treat hair loss.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85994663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Khalid, Syed Ijaz Ul Haq, Yubin Lan, A. Anwar, C. Shan, S. A. Shah, Muhammad Noman Rahmani, Lechun Zhang
ABSTRACT: Vermicompost is a humified, stabilized and finely alienated peat like mass by activity of earthworms in a form that is eagerly available for plants. Due to its porous nature , high water storage capacity, having hormones such as substance and plant growth regulators such as auxins, cytokinins, absicisic acid and also high levels of macro and micro nutrients, vermicompost fertilizer can play an important role in plant growth and development and also in reducing harmful effects of various harmful stresses on plants. In regard of this, special focus of this study was to prepare different types of vermicomposts using earthworm specie Eisenia fetida and to access the effect of these various types of vermicompost on lentil growth and yield. Field experiment was laid out in Randomized complete block design (RCBD) using 06 treatments having 03 replications conducted at University Research Farm Koont, Chakwal Road, Rawalpindi. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to detect difference among means of all treatments at 5% significance level by using Fisher’s protected Least Significant Differences (LSD) Test. Statistical results revealed that vermicompost application @ 5 tonns/ha significantly affected growth and yield of lentil and maximum growth was attained with cow dung derived vermicompost+rhizobium followed by wheat straw, vegetable waste and minimum with leaf litter derived vermicompost. Cow dung vermicompost was found to be efficient for all growth and yield parameters.
摘要:蚯蚓堆肥是一种由蚯蚓活动形成的腐殖质、稳定性和精细异化的类似泥炭的物质，是植物迫切需要的一种形式。蚯蚓堆肥由于其多孔性、高储水能力、含有生长素、细胞分裂素、脱落酸等物质和植物生长调节剂等激素以及高水平的宏微量营养物质，对植物的生长发育和减少各种有害胁迫对植物的有害影响具有重要作用。因此，本研究的重点是利用蚯蚓制备不同类型的蚯蚓堆肥，并研究不同类型蚯蚓堆肥对小扁豆生长和产量的影响。野外试验采用随机完全区设计(RCBD)，在拉瓦尔品第Chakwal Road Koont大学研究农场进行了06个处理，03个重复。采用方差分析(ANOVA)，采用Fisher’s protected Least Significant Differences (LSD)检验，在5%显著性水平下检测各处理均数之间的差异。统计结果显示，施用5吨/公顷蚯蚓堆肥对小扁豆的生长和产量有显著影响，其中牛粪蚯蚓堆肥+根瘤菌的生长速度最快，其次是麦秸、蔬菜废物，而落叶蚯蚓堆肥的生长速度最低。牛粪蚯蚓堆肥对所有生长和产量参数都是有效的。
{"title":"Effect of Vermicompost Types along with Rhizobium Inoculation Impact on Nodulation Potential, Growth and Yielding Attributes of Lentil","authors":"I. Khalid, Syed Ijaz Ul Haq, Yubin Lan, A. Anwar, C. Shan, S. A. Shah, Muhammad Noman Rahmani, Lechun Zhang","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3128","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Vermicompost is a humified, stabilized and finely alienated peat like mass by activity of earthworms in a form that is eagerly available for plants. Due to its porous nature , high water storage capacity, having hormones such as substance and plant growth regulators such as auxins, cytokinins, absicisic acid and also high levels of macro and micro nutrients, vermicompost fertilizer can play an important role in plant growth and development and also in reducing harmful effects of various harmful stresses on plants. In regard of this, special focus of this study was to prepare different types of vermicomposts using earthworm specie Eisenia fetida and to access the effect of these various types of vermicompost on lentil growth and yield. Field experiment was laid out in Randomized complete block design (RCBD) using 06 treatments having 03 replications conducted at University Research Farm Koont, Chakwal Road, Rawalpindi. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to detect difference among means of all treatments at 5% significance level by using Fisher’s protected Least Significant Differences (LSD) Test. Statistical results revealed that vermicompost application @ 5 tonns/ha significantly affected growth and yield of lentil and maximum growth was attained with cow dung derived vermicompost+rhizobium followed by wheat straw, vegetable waste and minimum with leaf litter derived vermicompost. Cow dung vermicompost was found to be efficient for all growth and yield parameters.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82750020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The growing field of soil microbial forensics provides the legal answer to how microorganisms play a crucial role in criminal investigations. It is an advanced crossdisciplinary science capable of offering significant physical evidence with considerable interest in criminal investigations, environmental crime, and counterterrorism. Microbial forensics of soil consists of different techniques to identify and evaluate microbial abundance, their complexity, and their interaction with soil and surrounding objects. The present review highlights various microbial analysis techniques such as Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, Temperature/Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis, Length Heterogeneity PCR, Phospholipid-derived fatty acids, Fluorescence in situ hybridization, Stable-isotope probing and metagenomics using nextgeneration sequencing. This article also summarises the challenges faced in soil microbial forensics, various statistical approaches, reference databases commonly used in forensic soil studies, and different methodological approaches used in forensic laboratories. Literature was studied using various online bibliographic databases like Google Scholar, Web of Science, Pub Med, Scopus, and several other search engines. Conclusive evidence generated by this paper signifies the importance of soil microbes to assist forensic scientists and researchers in selecting adequate methods to differentiate soil samples. The present comparative study concluded that targeted molecular analysis of microbes as a forensic soil typing tool has a lot of potential and should be investigated further.
土壤微生物法医领域的发展为微生物如何在刑事调查中发挥关键作用提供了法律答案。它是一门先进的跨学科科学，能够在刑事调查、环境犯罪和反恐方面提供重要的物证。土壤微生物取证包括不同的技术来识别和评估微生物丰度，它们的复杂性，以及它们与土壤和周围物体的相互作用。本文综述了各种微生物分析技术，如末端限制性片段长度多态性，温度/变性梯度凝胶电泳，扩增核糖体DNA限制性分析，长度异质性PCR，磷脂衍生脂肪酸，荧光原位杂交，稳定同位素探测和使用下一代测序的宏基因组学。本文还总结了土壤微生物法医学面临的挑战，各种统计方法，法医土壤研究中常用的参考数据库，以及法医实验室使用的不同方法方法。文献研究使用各种在线书目数据库，如Google Scholar、Web of Science、Pub Med、Scopus和其他几个搜索引擎。本文所产生的确凿证据表明，土壤微生物对于帮助法医和研究人员选择适当的方法来区分土壤样品的重要性。通过比较，认为微生物分子靶向分析作为法医土壤分型工具具有很大的潜力，值得进一步研究。
{"title":"Molecular Approaches in Soil Microbial Analysis: Forensic Perspective","authors":"Preeti Sangwan, Tarsem Nain, Priyanka Yadav, Neelkamal Sharma","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3096","url":null,"abstract":"The growing field of soil microbial forensics provides the legal answer to how microorganisms play a crucial role in criminal investigations. It is an advanced crossdisciplinary science capable of offering significant physical evidence with considerable interest in criminal investigations, environmental crime, and counterterrorism. Microbial forensics of soil consists of different techniques to identify and evaluate microbial abundance, their complexity, and their interaction with soil and surrounding objects. The present review highlights various microbial analysis techniques such as Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, Temperature/Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis, Length Heterogeneity PCR, Phospholipid-derived fatty acids, Fluorescence in situ hybridization, Stable-isotope probing and metagenomics using nextgeneration sequencing. This article also summarises the challenges faced in soil microbial forensics, various statistical approaches, reference databases commonly used in forensic soil studies, and different methodological approaches used in forensic laboratories. Literature was studied using various online bibliographic databases like Google Scholar, Web of Science, Pub Med, Scopus, and several other search engines. Conclusive evidence generated by this paper signifies the importance of soil microbes to assist forensic scientists and researchers in selecting adequate methods to differentiate soil samples. The present comparative study concluded that targeted molecular analysis of microbes as a forensic soil typing tool has a lot of potential and should be investigated further.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80560770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of pharmaceutical care on the management of diabetes mellitus during pregnancy.A prospective observational study was carried out for six months at a hospital in Palakkad. The study assesses pregnant women's medication adherence and health-related quality of life. Patients were randomly allocated to the study population, and data were entered in a self-design data collection form. The collected cases were entered in MS Excel 2019 and calculated percentage of various parameters by descriptive statistics.The study included a total of 60 participants, with an age range ranging from 18 to 45. GDM is more prevalent between the age group of 25-31 years. Among 60 subjects an increase in medication adherence observed with their value from5.72±1.03 to 6.40±0.89 during their initial and follow up visits (p<0.0001) respectively. The EQ-5D-5L mean (SD) index showed significantly lower quality of life during the baseline visit (0.529 ± 0.03) and higher quality of life during the follow-up visits (0.826 ± 0.297) with (p<0.0001), suggesting the importance of clinical pharmacist activities making positive impact on medication adherence and quality life of pregnant women with diabetes.
{"title":"A Study on the Impact of Pharmaceutical Care on the Management of Diabetes Mellitus During Pregnancy","authors":"Suhana K, M. T. M, S. J","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3114","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of pharmaceutical care on the management of diabetes mellitus during pregnancy.A prospective observational study was carried out for six months at a hospital in Palakkad. The study assesses pregnant women's medication adherence and health-related quality of life. Patients were randomly allocated to the study population, and data were entered in a self-design data collection form. The collected cases were entered in MS Excel 2019 and calculated percentage of various parameters by descriptive statistics.The study included a total of 60 participants, with an age range ranging from 18 to 45. GDM is more prevalent between the age group of 25-31 years. Among 60 subjects an increase in medication adherence observed with their value from5.72±1.03 to 6.40±0.89 during their initial and follow up visits (p<0.0001) respectively. The EQ-5D-5L mean (SD) index showed significantly lower quality of life during the baseline visit (0.529 ± 0.03) and higher quality of life during the follow-up visits (0.826 ± 0.297) with (p<0.0001), suggesting the importance of clinical pharmacist activities making positive impact on medication adherence and quality life of pregnant women with diabetes.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80375182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Poonam Choudhary, Priya Sharma, S. Kaur, J. Randhawa, L. Borse
Heavy metals can be harmful to aquatic organisms when exposed for a short (acute) or long (chronic) period. They have made a tremendous contribution to human welfare, but they also have considerable negative impacts on organisms that are not their targets. Runoff and groundwater leaching from a range of hazardous metals have a significant risk of contaminating aquatic habitats that pass through industrial or agricultural areas, which could directly threaten freshwater life, especially delicate animals like fish. Fish are the most well-known model for determining the extent of aquatic pollution. Since fish play a significant part in the food chain, the investigation into how toxic metals affect fish might help determine whether or not metals have harmful impacts on human health. This review attempted to consolidate all available scientific findings on the accumulation and uptake of various heavy metals (As, Hg, Cd, Cu, Cr, and Pb) as well as the overall histopathological changes caused by long-term exposure to sublethal doses of these heavy metals on the gills and other tissues of the freshwater fishes. Keeping in mind the above facts, in this review, an effort has been made to elucidate the deleterious impact of metals on the gills of freshwater fishes.
{"title":"A Comprehensive Review on the Deleterious Effects of Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation on the Gills and Other Tissues of Freshwater Fishes","authors":"Poonam Choudhary, Priya Sharma, S. Kaur, J. Randhawa, L. Borse","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3098","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metals can be harmful to aquatic organisms when exposed for a short (acute) or long (chronic) period. They have made a tremendous contribution to human welfare, but they also have considerable negative impacts on organisms that are not their targets. Runoff and groundwater leaching from a range of hazardous metals have a significant risk of contaminating aquatic habitats that pass through industrial or agricultural areas, which could directly threaten freshwater life, especially delicate animals like fish. Fish are the most well-known model for determining the extent of aquatic pollution. Since fish play a significant part in the food chain, the investigation into how toxic metals affect fish might help determine whether or not metals have harmful impacts on human health. This review attempted to consolidate all available scientific findings on the accumulation and uptake of various heavy metals (As, Hg, Cd, Cu, Cr, and Pb) as well as the overall histopathological changes caused by long-term exposure to sublethal doses of these heavy metals on the gills and other tissues of the freshwater fishes. Keeping in mind the above facts, in this review, an effort has been made to elucidate the deleterious impact of metals on the gills of freshwater fishes.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87541945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: Mushrooms have been an established source of nutrition for hundreds of years. They are recently being exploited for their potential applications in other sectors as well. One of their emerging applications has been in the cosmetic industry where their bioactive properties are being used either as cosmeceutical for topical administration or as nutricosmetics for oral administration. Certain genera of mushrooms which are being used in cosmetic industries are Lentinula, Ganoderma, Pleurotus, Cordyceps, Inonotus, Tremella, Grifola, Schizophyllum, Pleurotus, Coriolus, Ganoderma, Euphorbia, Pistacia, Trametes, Agaricus, Phellinus, Antrodia. The mushroom extracts and their bioactive metabolites show excellent anti-oxidant, anti-wrinkle, anti-aging, moisturizing and skin whitening effects making them ideal and multi-functional cosmetic components. The mounting benefits of various mushroom extracts in skin and hair care products have also fast-tracked the commercial production of mushrooms which is worth mass attention. The present review discusses about the role, diversity, properties and commercial status of mushrooms that are being exploited by the cosmetic industry.
{"title":"Mushroom based Cosmeceuticals: An Upcoming Biotechnology Sector","authors":"P. Mago, Richa Sharma, Ibtesaam Hafeez, Imtshan Nawaz, Mansi Joshi, Rekha Mehrotra","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3097","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Mushrooms have been an established source of nutrition for hundreds of years. They are recently being exploited for their potential applications in other sectors as well. One of their emerging applications has been in the cosmetic industry where their bioactive properties are being used either as cosmeceutical for topical administration or as nutricosmetics for oral administration. Certain genera of mushrooms which are being used in cosmetic industries are Lentinula, Ganoderma, Pleurotus, Cordyceps, Inonotus, Tremella, Grifola, Schizophyllum, Pleurotus, Coriolus, Ganoderma, Euphorbia, Pistacia, Trametes, Agaricus, Phellinus, Antrodia. The mushroom extracts and their bioactive metabolites show excellent anti-oxidant, anti-wrinkle, anti-aging, moisturizing and skin whitening effects making them ideal and multi-functional cosmetic components. The mounting benefits of various mushroom extracts in skin and hair care products have also fast-tracked the commercial production of mushrooms which is worth mass attention. The present review discusses about the role, diversity, properties and commercial status of mushrooms that are being exploited by the cosmetic industry.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87224980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent years have seen a dramatic uptick in both research into and practical application of nanoparticles (NPs). Many biomedical applications have found success with the use of nanoparticles due to their wide spectrum of significant biological effects, including antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Nanoparticles that aren't harmful are gaining traction as a promising new class of antioxidants. Cerium oxide is a lanthanide rare-earth element. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) exhibit a large surface area and good catalytic activity, the result of the dual oxidation state of CNPs, Ce3+ and Ce4+, has good antibacterial and antioxidant activity. CNPs were characterised by using analytical techniques such as the UVVisible spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). CNPs exhibited a strong zone of inhibition against S. aureus (15mm) and E. coli (14mm). In vitro antioxidant activity of CNPs was investigated using the DPPH and ABTS techniques, with 50% of their radical scavenging potential being observed at concentrations of 47.61µg/mL and 49.26µg/mL respectively. Thus, our study reports that CNPS could be used as a prominent and efficient antioxidant and antibacterial agent. However, further studies are needed to understand the possible mechanisms of toxicity assessment.
{"title":"Fabrication of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles with Improved Antibacterial Potential and Antioxidant Activity","authors":"Karthi Kandhasamy, K. Premkumar","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3104","url":null,"abstract":"Recent years have seen a dramatic uptick in both research into and practical application of nanoparticles (NPs). Many biomedical applications have found success with the use of nanoparticles due to their wide spectrum of significant biological effects, including antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Nanoparticles that aren't harmful are gaining traction as a promising new class of antioxidants. Cerium oxide is a lanthanide rare-earth element. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) exhibit a large surface area and good catalytic activity, the result of the dual oxidation state of CNPs, Ce3+ and Ce4+, has good antibacterial and antioxidant activity. CNPs were characterised by using analytical techniques such as the UVVisible spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). CNPs exhibited a strong zone of inhibition against S. aureus (15mm) and E. coli (14mm). In vitro antioxidant activity of CNPs was investigated using the DPPH and ABTS techniques, with 50% of their radical scavenging potential being observed at concentrations of 47.61µg/mL and 49.26µg/mL respectively. Thus, our study reports that CNPS could be used as a prominent and efficient antioxidant and antibacterial agent. However, further studies are needed to understand the possible mechanisms of toxicity assessment.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79995471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. P. Sethumathi, V. Uddandrao, P. Chandrasekaran, S. Sengottuvelu, P. Tamilmani, P. Ponmurugan, S. Vadivukkarasi, M. Santhanakumar, M. S. Begum, G. Saravanan
The current study is designed to evaluate the cardiorenal protective efficacy of the Biochanin-A (BCA) against high-fat-diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. BCA (10mg/kg body weight) was administered to the diabetic rats for a period of 30 days and evaluated its effect on hyperglycemic markers, formation of lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide production and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione mediated enzymes. Further, we assessed the impact of BCA on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf-2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) along with antioxidant enzymes mRNA expressions by RT-PCR. BCA administration to diabetic rats resulted in attenuation of hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in both the kidney and heart. Further, BCA enhanced the endogenous antioxidant activities in the kidney and heart and up-regulated their corresponding mRNA expressions. In addition, BCA treatment produced notable up-regulation of Nrf-2 and HO-1 mRNA expressions in the cardiac and renal tissue of diabetic rats. In conclusion, the current study revealed that BCA could protect from diabetes-induced complications such as cardiomyopathy and nephropathy by activating the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway and enhancing the endogenous antioxidant state in the kidney and heart.
{"title":"Biochanin-A Protects Rats from Diabetes-associated Cardiorenal Damage by Attenuating Oxidative Stress through Activation of Nrf-2/HO-1 Pathway","authors":"P. P. Sethumathi, V. Uddandrao, P. Chandrasekaran, S. Sengottuvelu, P. Tamilmani, P. Ponmurugan, S. Vadivukkarasi, M. Santhanakumar, M. S. Begum, G. Saravanan","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3105","url":null,"abstract":"The current study is designed to evaluate the cardiorenal protective efficacy of the Biochanin-A (BCA) against high-fat-diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. BCA (10mg/kg body weight) was administered to the diabetic rats for a period of 30 days and evaluated its effect on hyperglycemic markers, formation of lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide production and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione mediated enzymes. Further, we assessed the impact of BCA on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf-2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) along with antioxidant enzymes mRNA expressions by RT-PCR. BCA administration to diabetic rats resulted in attenuation of hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in both the kidney and heart. Further, BCA enhanced the endogenous antioxidant activities in the kidney and heart and up-regulated their corresponding mRNA expressions. In addition, BCA treatment produced notable up-regulation of Nrf-2 and HO-1 mRNA expressions in the cardiac and renal tissue of diabetic rats. In conclusion, the current study revealed that BCA could protect from diabetes-induced complications such as cardiomyopathy and nephropathy by activating the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway and enhancing the endogenous antioxidant state in the kidney and heart.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80920892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: Postoperative Ileus (POI) is a recurrent incident following intestinal as well as other types of surgery that causes aggregation of gases and inner secretions in patients, resulting in significant costs to health care providers and morbidity. The pathophysiology of the POI is multifactorial, and treatment duration of the POI associated with the degree of surgical trauma. Exogenous opioids, neurohormonal dysfunction, fluid overload, inflammation, and gastrointestinal strain are the main pathophysiological factors underlying POI. Different treatment options currently available to reduce duration of POI. Recent studies have shown that the effective approaches in reducing patient morbidity with early return of gut functions are Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathway and laparoscopic surgery. Alvimopan (ALV) is a peripherally acting antagonist of the µ opioid receptor in postoperative ileus. Alvimopan (Entereg®), the FDA-approved product for the fastest recovery of bowel (large and small) resection with primary anastomosis, shows potential advances for the treatment of POI. It has limited bioavailability through the oral route due to solubility limitations. ALV prevents binding of opioid agonists to the μ-opioid receptor and assists in stopping constipation in the GI tract; it is also not able to cross the blood-brain barrier, so it does not obstruct with centrally mediated opioid analgesia. The safety & efficacy studies of Alvimopan showed that the patients who go through segmental bowel surgeries along with primary anastomosis and given ALV reduces the duration of stay and overall direct costs compared with control group. The objectives of this systematic review were to give an update of categorization systems, pathogenesis mechanisms, current treatment for established POI, and updates on Alvimopan for POI.
{"title":"Pathogenesis, Updates on Current Treatment Options and Alvimopan for Postoperative Ileus","authors":"S. Patil, Swapnil Sharma, Sarvesh Paliwal","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3119","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Postoperative Ileus (POI) is a recurrent incident following intestinal as well as other types of surgery that causes aggregation of gases and inner secretions in patients, resulting in significant costs to health care providers and morbidity. The pathophysiology of the POI is multifactorial, and treatment duration of the POI associated with the degree of surgical trauma. Exogenous opioids, neurohormonal dysfunction, fluid overload, inflammation, and gastrointestinal strain are the main pathophysiological factors underlying POI. Different treatment options currently available to reduce duration of POI. Recent studies have shown that the effective approaches in reducing patient morbidity with early return of gut functions are Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) pathway and laparoscopic surgery. Alvimopan (ALV) is a peripherally acting antagonist of the µ opioid receptor in postoperative ileus. Alvimopan (Entereg®), the FDA-approved product for the fastest recovery of bowel (large and small) resection with primary anastomosis, shows potential advances for the treatment of POI. It has limited bioavailability through the oral route due to solubility limitations. ALV prevents binding of opioid agonists to the μ-opioid receptor and assists in stopping constipation in the GI tract; it is also not able to cross the blood-brain barrier, so it does not obstruct with centrally mediated opioid analgesia. The safety & efficacy studies of Alvimopan showed that the patients who go through segmental bowel surgeries along with primary anastomosis and given ALV reduces the duration of stay and overall direct costs compared with control group. The objectives of this systematic review were to give an update of categorization systems, pathogenesis mechanisms, current treatment for established POI, and updates on Alvimopan for POI.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84391956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: Combination of all the aspects are covered in this review from anti-influenza drug.Several articles neglected to include a point of view. The majority of review papers emphasiseon epidemiology. In order to lessen the financial burden of disease and its negative effects, it is important to raise awareness about disease and how to manage it.The medicine favipiravir,additionally called T-705 (5-fluro-2-oxo-1H-pyrazine-3-carboxamide), by selection and powerfully inhibits the polymer-dependent polymer accelerator (RdRp) of polymer viruses. Favipiravir was discovred by the company Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd.By searching a chemical library for the respiratory illness virus's antiviral properties. Favipiravir-RTP (favipiravir ribofuranosyl-5′-triphosphate), the active version of the drug, is recognised by RdRpas a substrate and restrains the polymer accelerator's activityFavipiravir is efficient against a broad kind of subtypes and variations of respiratory disorder viruses.
摘要:本文从抗流感药物这一角度，结合各方面进行综述。有几篇文章忽略了一个观点。大多数综述论文强调流行病学。为了减轻疾病的经济负担及其负面影响，提高对疾病和如何管理疾病的认识非常重要。药物favipiravir，也被称为T-705(5-氟-2-氧-1 - h -吡嗪-3-carboxamide)，通过选择并有效抑制聚合物病毒的聚合物依赖性聚合物促进剂(RdRp)。Favipiravir是富山化学有限公司(Toyama Chemical Co.， ltd)在一个化学文库中搜索这种呼吸道疾病病毒的抗病毒特性时发现的。favipirvir - rtp (favipirvir核糖呋喃基-5 ' -三磷酸)是该药物的活性版本，被rdrpa识别为底物并抑制聚合物促进剂的活性。favipirvir对多种亚型和呼吸系统疾病病毒变体有效。
{"title":"Favipiravir: An Effective Rna Polymerase Modulating Anti-Influenza Drug","authors":"Shertate Yash, Kamble Sarika, Borse Laxmikant","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3102","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Combination of all the aspects are covered in this review from anti-influenza drug.Several articles neglected to include a point of view. The majority of review papers emphasiseon epidemiology. In order to lessen the financial burden of disease and its negative effects, it is important to raise awareness about disease and how to manage it.The medicine favipiravir,additionally called T-705 (5-fluro-2-oxo-1H-pyrazine-3-carboxamide), by selection and powerfully inhibits the polymer-dependent polymer accelerator (RdRp) of polymer viruses. Favipiravir was discovred by the company Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd.By searching a chemical library for the respiratory illness virus's antiviral properties. Favipiravir-RTP (favipiravir ribofuranosyl-5′-triphosphate), the active version of the drug, is recognised by RdRpas a substrate and restrains the polymer accelerator's activityFavipiravir is efficient against a broad kind of subtypes and variations of respiratory disorder viruses.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89150855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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