The most prevalent nutrient is potassium (K), which makes up around 2.5% of the lithosphere. Approximately 90–98% of soil mineral K is present in the forms of feldspar (orthoclase and microcline) and mica (biotite and muscovite). Particularly in smallholder agriculture, replenishing potassium remains difficult because of its dependence on fertilizer. Potassium shortage in soil can be addressed by the use of soluble mineral potassium fertilizers; however, farmers have been constrained by the high price and restricted availability of these products. The present study aims to identify and select soil Actinomycetes from the soils used in the ceramic industry that may dilute potassium. Since feldspar, an insoluble potassium source, is used by most ceramic manufacturers as a raw ingredient, we gathered samples from these businesses. In the Gujarati cities of Morbi, Meshana, and Kadi, ceramic firms were contacted for a total of fifteen samples. 22 Actinomycetes isolates were chosen for further investigation after primary and secondary screening and inoculation onto Aleksandrov agar supplemented with 0.5 percent potassium aluminium silicate. The 16S rRNA sequence of strain KSA 16 confirmed that it was Streptomyces atacamensis. In a liquid solution, KSA 16 was the most effective in dissolving the insoluble potassium source, feldspar.
{"title":"Isolation, Screening and Molecular Characterization of Potassium Solubilizing Actinomycete Streptomyces atacamensis (KSA16)","authors":"Sreeja Bopin, Kalavati Prajapati","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3151","url":null,"abstract":"The most prevalent nutrient is potassium (K), which makes up around 2.5% of the lithosphere. Approximately 90–98% of soil mineral K is present in the forms of feldspar (orthoclase and microcline) and mica (biotite and muscovite). Particularly in smallholder agriculture, replenishing potassium remains difficult because of its dependence on fertilizer. Potassium shortage in soil can be addressed by the use of soluble mineral potassium fertilizers; however, farmers have been constrained by the high price and restricted availability of these products. The present study aims to identify and select soil Actinomycetes from the soils used in the ceramic industry that may dilute potassium. Since feldspar, an insoluble potassium source, is used by most ceramic manufacturers as a raw ingredient, we gathered samples from these businesses. In the Gujarati cities of Morbi, Meshana, and Kadi, ceramic firms were contacted for a total of fifteen samples. 22 Actinomycetes isolates were chosen for further investigation after primary and secondary screening and inoculation onto Aleksandrov agar supplemented with 0.5 percent potassium aluminium silicate. The 16S rRNA sequence of strain KSA 16 confirmed that it was Streptomyces atacamensis. In a liquid solution, KSA 16 was the most effective in dissolving the insoluble potassium source, feldspar.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135546849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Present agriculture sector mostly depend on synthetic fertilizer for better crop. Feather is a rich source of protein and nitrogen. It was degraded by Keratinolytic bacteria Bacillus wiedmanni SAB10 in poultry litter sole media. Feather hydrolysate was produce from solid state fermentation process and fermentation condition was optimized through OVAT (One Variable At A Time) system. In this process feather (1.25%w/v) was fully degraded in poultry litter(1%w/v) with in 48 hrs at pH 10.After the fermentation cell free feather hydrolysate use in rice plant in different concentration and different mode. Liquid feather hydrolysate produced from solid state fermentation contain important amount of protein (3.12mg/ml) and amino acid(792µg/ml) that enhances the rice plant growth in pot trial condition. After application Group D Plants leaves have been reported to have higher levels of total chlorophyll (5.25mg/g of dry wt), IAA (17.23µg/ml)..Carbohydrate contain of rice has increased 1.6 fold than control Following the spraying of feather hydrolysate (300 µl/ml), the phenolic (1.71 fold) and flavonoid (1.52 fold) contents significantly increased.. The novelty of our investigation is we use here two wasted products and convert them a valuable product.
目前的农业部门主要依靠合成肥料来获得更好的作物。羽毛是蛋白质和氮的丰富来源。在禽窝底培养基中，用角蛋白分解细菌魏德曼尼芽孢杆菌SAB10降解。采用固体发酵工艺生产羽毛水解产物，并通过OVAT (One Variable At A Time)系统对发酵条件进行优化。在pH值为10的条件下，在48小时内将1.25%w/v的羽毛在1%w/v的鸡粪中完全降解。发酵后的游离羽毛水解物以不同的浓度和不同的方式用于水稻植株。在盆栽条件下，固体发酵产生的液态羽毛水解液中含有大量的蛋白质(3.12mg/ml)和氨基酸(792µg/ml)，促进了水稻植株的生长。据报道，D组植物叶片的总叶绿素(5.25mg/g干wt)和IAA(17.23µg/ml)含量较高。喷施羽毛水解液(300µl/ml)后，水稻中酚类(1.71倍)和类黄酮(1.52倍)含量显著提高。我们调查的新颖之处在于，我们在这里使用了两种废弃的产品，并将它们转化为有价值的产品。
{"title":"Production Optimization of Feather Hydrolysate and Use as a Promising Nitogen-Rich Fertilizer for Rice (Oryza Sativa) Production","authors":"Sumita Sahoo, Biswajit Rath, Keshab C. Mondal, Suman Kumar Halder, Arpita Mandal","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3136","url":null,"abstract":"Present agriculture sector mostly depend on synthetic fertilizer for better crop. Feather is a rich source of protein and nitrogen. It was degraded by Keratinolytic bacteria Bacillus wiedmanni SAB10 in poultry litter sole media. Feather hydrolysate was produce from solid state fermentation process and fermentation condition was optimized through OVAT (One Variable At A Time) system. In this process feather (1.25%w/v) was fully degraded in poultry litter(1%w/v) with in 48 hrs at pH 10.After the fermentation cell free feather hydrolysate use in rice plant in different concentration and different mode. Liquid feather hydrolysate produced from solid state fermentation contain important amount of protein (3.12mg/ml) and amino acid(792µg/ml) that enhances the rice plant growth in pot trial condition. After application Group D Plants leaves have been reported to have higher levels of total chlorophyll (5.25mg/g of dry wt), IAA (17.23µg/ml)..Carbohydrate contain of rice has increased 1.6 fold than control Following the spraying of feather hydrolysate (300 µl/ml), the phenolic (1.71 fold) and flavonoid (1.52 fold) contents significantly increased.. The novelty of our investigation is we use here two wasted products and convert them a valuable product.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135547128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: One of the most popular alcoholic beverages that offers several health benefits is wine. It includes both fruit and vegetable wine and sometimes their blends. These pure and coproducts of fruits and vegetables give surprising results when tried. Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) and carrot (Daucus carota L.) are high in betalain and carotene, both of which have medicinal and nutritional properties. Apart from beetroot and carrot, another important fruit is orange (Citrus sinensis). It is a notable fruit known for its nourishing and restorative attributes. The fruits and vegetables used in this study (beetroot, carrot, and orange) were cleaned, peeled, and crushed to extract the juice. The juice was then fermented by mixing with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and other ingredients such as sugar. Once fermentation was complete, various methods are used for analysis of wine like residual sugar (RS), apparent fermentation degree (AFD), fermentative capacity (FC), fermentative velocity (VC), and attenuation, etc. The vegetable-fermented wine obtained was reddish to yellow in colour, had a titratable acidity of 1.0 ±0.02 g tartaric corrosive/100 mL, was dry (with just the right amount of piece sugar), and contained between 10 and 12% alcohol. There were no discernible variations in the wine's biological components. An organoleptic analysis of the vegetable natural product wine revealed that it was palatable and thought to be reasonable for health.
{"title":"Preparation and Quality Analysis of Wine from Different Blends of Carrot-Beetroot and Carrot-Orange","authors":"K. Nehra, Mukesh R. Jangra, Rozi Devi, Aarti a","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3107","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: One of the most popular alcoholic beverages that offers several health benefits is wine. It includes both fruit and vegetable wine and sometimes their blends. These pure and coproducts of fruits and vegetables give surprising results when tried. Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) and carrot (Daucus carota L.) are high in betalain and carotene, both of which have medicinal and nutritional properties. Apart from beetroot and carrot, another important fruit is orange (Citrus sinensis). It is a notable fruit known for its nourishing and restorative attributes. The fruits and vegetables used in this study (beetroot, carrot, and orange) were cleaned, peeled, and crushed to extract the juice. The juice was then fermented by mixing with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and other ingredients such as sugar. Once fermentation was complete, various methods are used for analysis of wine like residual sugar (RS), apparent fermentation degree (AFD), fermentative capacity (FC), fermentative velocity (VC), and attenuation, etc. The vegetable-fermented wine obtained was reddish to yellow in colour, had a titratable acidity of 1.0 ±0.02 g tartaric corrosive/100 mL, was dry (with just the right amount of piece sugar), and contained between 10 and 12% alcohol. There were no discernible variations in the wine's biological components. An organoleptic analysis of the vegetable natural product wine revealed that it was palatable and thought to be reasonable for health.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73905906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: Ensuring food and water safety has always been a health challenge globally. The present papers underscores HV-PEF (High Voltage Pulsed Electric Field), a novel approach to eliminate five kinds of microbes prevalent in milk and water in fractions of a second. These microorganisms are Enterobaracter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogene, Staphylococcus aurous, and Acetobacter. Objective was to find out the impact of HV-PEF on survival of selected species of bacteria, which are often considered as a concern for water and milk safety. A laboratory experimental setup was designed for producing HV-PEF, which was applied on sample of water and milk. The water sample was obtained from tap, and the milk sample was obtained from Bubalus bubalis. The microbial count was measured by plate method for both samples pre and post exposure to the HV-PEF. The effect was measured with combinations of varying field intensity and number of pulses, the intensity of the field having the highest value of 180 kV/cm (kilovolt-per-centimeter), and the pulse count varied between one to one hundred. Results showed, the endurance of few species was extremely low, at 40 kV filed intensity and 40 pulses. Other microbes also demonstrated low survival ratio (SR) at more than 40kV with pulses-count above 40. Complete inactivation of E. coli was achieved at around 80kV. The inactivation of microbe by HV-PEF varies with morphology and shape of the microorganisms. The annihilation of microorganisms is due to the rupturing of cell wall of microbe by the effect of HV-PEF, instead of ohmic heating (resistance induced).
{"title":"Eradication of Enterobaracter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogene, Staphylococcus aurous, and Acetobacter by High Voltage Pulsed Electric Field in Water and Milk Samples","authors":"Md Fahim Ansari, F. Afzal, S. Mehra","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3118","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Ensuring food and water safety has always been a health challenge globally. The present papers underscores HV-PEF (High Voltage Pulsed Electric Field), a novel approach to eliminate five kinds of microbes prevalent in milk and water in fractions of a second. These microorganisms are Enterobaracter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogene, Staphylococcus aurous, and Acetobacter. Objective was to find out the impact of HV-PEF on survival of selected species of bacteria, which are often considered as a concern for water and milk safety. A laboratory experimental setup was designed for producing HV-PEF, which was applied on sample of water and milk. The water sample was obtained from tap, and the milk sample was obtained from Bubalus bubalis. The microbial count was measured by plate method for both samples pre and post exposure to the HV-PEF. The effect was measured with combinations of varying field intensity and number of pulses, the intensity of the field having the highest value of 180 kV/cm (kilovolt-per-centimeter), and the pulse count varied between one to one hundred. Results showed, the endurance of few species was extremely low, at 40 kV filed intensity and 40 pulses. Other microbes also demonstrated low survival ratio (SR) at more than 40kV with pulses-count above 40. Complete inactivation of E. coli was achieved at around 80kV. The inactivation of microbe by HV-PEF varies with morphology and shape of the microorganisms. The annihilation of microorganisms is due to the rupturing of cell wall of microbe by the effect of HV-PEF, instead of ohmic heating (resistance induced).","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78389805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Keerthika, S. Balasubramaniyan, R. Govindharaju
In order to create new mononuclear diamagnetic complexes (M = Zn (II) and Hg (II)), fluconazole and thiocyanate ion ligands were utilized. Physicochemical and spectroscopic approaches were used to describe the synthesized metal complexes. The spectral data show that the fluconazole served as a bidentate ligand and linked to metal ions via the nitrogen of the imine group, the thiocyanate ion connected to metal ions through nitrogen. The antibacterial capacities of the strains of Candida albicans (MTCC 183) for fungi and Escherichia coli (MTCC 732) for bacteria were assessed using the disc diffusion method. The results showed that Zn (II) and Hg (II) complexes have much stronger antibacterial activity than pure ligands because of metal chelation. The complexes interactions with the stable free radical DPPH are measured. The free radical scavenging activities of the complexes and the ligand have been determined by measuring their interaction with the stable free radical DPPH. The complexes have larger antioxidant activity as compared to the ligands.
{"title":"Diamagnetic Zn(II) and Hg(II) Complexes with Fluconazole: Synthesis, Spectral Characterization and Biological Investigation","authors":"P. Keerthika, S. Balasubramaniyan, R. Govindharaju","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3122","url":null,"abstract":"In order to create new mononuclear diamagnetic complexes (M = Zn (II) and Hg (II)), fluconazole and thiocyanate ion ligands were utilized. Physicochemical and spectroscopic approaches were used to describe the synthesized metal complexes. The spectral data show that the fluconazole served as a bidentate ligand and linked to metal ions via the nitrogen of the imine group, the thiocyanate ion connected to metal ions through nitrogen. The antibacterial capacities of the strains of Candida albicans (MTCC 183) for fungi and Escherichia coli (MTCC 732) for bacteria were assessed using the disc diffusion method. The results showed that Zn (II) and Hg (II) complexes have much stronger antibacterial activity than pure ligands because of metal chelation. The complexes interactions with the stable free radical DPPH are measured. The free radical scavenging activities of the complexes and the ligand have been determined by measuring their interaction with the stable free radical DPPH. The complexes have larger antioxidant activity as compared to the ligands.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84554149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sourabh Sharma, Rahul Gupta, J. K. Raina, Ravi Sharma, Parvinder Kumar, R. K. Panjaliya
ABSTRACT: The rising incidence rates of prostate cancer (CAP) have become a global health disorder. Its complex aetiology includes potentially modifiable environmental factors and non-modifiable genetic components. In this study, we aimed to identify the potential and significant non-genetic risk factors associated with CAP in the population of Jammu and Kashmir. A total of 320 study subjects (120 clinically confirmed CAP patients and 200 healthy age-matched unrelated participants) were registered for this investigation after obtaining their prior consent. A predesigned health questionnaire and hospital-based patient history were used to collect data about clinical variables, sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric parameters, and biochemical indices. The result revealed that dietary patterns (non-vegetarianism, p=0.01), lack of physical activity (p=0.0007), dwelling (urban residents, p=0.0105), higher levels of serum LDL-cholesterol (p=<0.0001), triglyceride (p=0.01), VLDL-cholesterol (p=0.02), total cholesterol (p=0.0527), creatinine (p=0.0006), sodium (p=0.0429), urea (p=0.0006), and PSA (p=<0.0001) were significantly associated with CAP. Moreover, higher mean age (69.82±15.5), the extent/duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) (p=0.0007), lack of physical activity (p=0.0007), high intake of red meat (p=0.0005), LDL-Cholesterol (p=<0.0001) and positive family history (p=<0.0001) were found to be the most significant risk factors for CAP. The study notably identified the novel (extent/duration of diabetes and serum levels of LDL, VLDL) non-genetic risk factors associated with prostate cancer in the population of the Jammu region of J&K.
{"title":"Association of Non-Genetic Risk Factors with Prostate Cancer in the Population of Jammu Region of J and K, India","authors":"Sourabh Sharma, Rahul Gupta, J. K. Raina, Ravi Sharma, Parvinder Kumar, R. K. Panjaliya","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3108","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: The rising incidence rates of prostate cancer (CAP) have become a global health disorder. Its complex aetiology includes potentially modifiable environmental factors and non-modifiable genetic components. In this study, we aimed to identify the potential and significant non-genetic risk factors associated with CAP in the population of Jammu and Kashmir. A total of 320 study subjects (120 clinically confirmed CAP patients and 200 healthy age-matched unrelated participants) were registered for this investigation after obtaining their prior consent. A predesigned health questionnaire and hospital-based patient history were used to collect data about clinical variables, sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric parameters, and biochemical indices. The result revealed that dietary patterns (non-vegetarianism, p=0.01), lack of physical activity (p=0.0007), dwelling (urban residents, p=0.0105), higher levels of serum LDL-cholesterol (p=<0.0001), triglyceride (p=0.01), VLDL-cholesterol (p=0.02), total cholesterol (p=0.0527), creatinine (p=0.0006), sodium (p=0.0429), urea (p=0.0006), and PSA (p=<0.0001) were significantly associated with CAP. Moreover, higher mean age (69.82±15.5), the extent/duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) (p=0.0007), lack of physical activity (p=0.0007), high intake of red meat (p=0.0005), LDL-Cholesterol (p=<0.0001) and positive family history (p=<0.0001) were found to be the most significant risk factors for CAP. The study notably identified the novel (extent/duration of diabetes and serum levels of LDL, VLDL) non-genetic risk factors associated with prostate cancer in the population of the Jammu region of J&K.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86198805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: Objective: The aim of this study is to conduct a descriptive cross sectional study to observe the relationship of lipid profile with fatty liver, as diagnosed by ultrasonography. Methodology: Study population consisted of 105 persons (50 females & 55 males) who were having non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, as diagnosed by ultrasonography. Serum lipid profile reports of the study population was tabulated and compared with grade I, II & III of ultrasonography-diagnosed fatty liver. Result: Grade I (mild) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was seen in 84.7 %, grade II (moderate) in 13.3 % and grade III (severe) in 1.9% cases. Mean age of the study population was 48.3 years ranging from 25 years (minimum) to 79 years (maximum). Dyslipidemia was found in more than two thirds of our study population. Total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein were increased in 67.6%, 65.7% and 67.6% respectively. High-density lipoprotein was decreased in 60.9% cases. Mean value of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein were 233.5 gm/dl, 215.5 gm/dl, 148.7 gm/dl and 32.5 gm/dl respectively. When lipid profiles were compared with fatty liver, significant positive correlation was seen between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with increased serum cholesterol, increased triglyceride, increased low-density lipoprotein & decreased serum high-density lipoprotein. P value was <0.001 in all the cases. Different grades of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and individual lipid components showed no significant correlation. Conclusion: This study showed more than two thirds of ultrasonography-diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver had abnormal lipid profile. So, safe and non-invasive ultrasonography is very useful for screening and early detection of dyslipidemia in patients.
{"title":"A Cross Sectional Study of Lipid Profile In Ultrasonography-diagnosed Fatty Liver","authors":"Saroj Sharma, Subaj Bhattarai","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3120","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Objective: The aim of this study is to conduct a descriptive cross sectional study to observe the relationship of lipid profile with fatty liver, as diagnosed by ultrasonography. Methodology: Study population consisted of 105 persons (50 females & 55 males) who were having non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, as diagnosed by ultrasonography. Serum lipid profile reports of the study population was tabulated and compared with grade I, II & III of ultrasonography-diagnosed fatty liver. Result: Grade I (mild) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was seen in 84.7 %, grade II (moderate) in 13.3 % and grade III (severe) in 1.9% cases. Mean age of the study population was 48.3 years ranging from 25 years (minimum) to 79 years (maximum). Dyslipidemia was found in more than two thirds of our study population. Total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein were increased in 67.6%, 65.7% and 67.6% respectively. High-density lipoprotein was decreased in 60.9% cases. Mean value of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein were 233.5 gm/dl, 215.5 gm/dl, 148.7 gm/dl and 32.5 gm/dl respectively. When lipid profiles were compared with fatty liver, significant positive correlation was seen between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with increased serum cholesterol, increased triglyceride, increased low-density lipoprotein & decreased serum high-density lipoprotein. P value was <0.001 in all the cases. Different grades of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and individual lipid components showed no significant correlation. Conclusion: This study showed more than two thirds of ultrasonography-diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver had abnormal lipid profile. So, safe and non-invasive ultrasonography is very useful for screening and early detection of dyslipidemia in patients.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89844780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: Insects and their products have been linked to medical cures from age old now. Among all the other Insects, Ants of the order Hymenoptera possess a wide range of bioactive compounds that have shown to have potent anticancer properties. In a similar fashion, the present study investigates the in vitro antitumor effects of Bengaluru-based ant extracts. Different ant species were collected from various locations in Bengaluru and identified as Tetraponera rufonigra, Camponotus oblongus, Anoplolepsis gracilipes, Camponotus species. Further, A 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed on hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 after extracting the metabolites in 95% EtOH. The potential anticancer effect was again confirmed by Trypan blue cell staining assay using HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) and MCF7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cell line. Further, apoptotic induction was measured by Caspase-3 activity assay and different tests were performed to investigate the chemical composition of the extracts. All the crude extracts of ants have shown anticancer effects and increase in caspase-3 enzyme activity of Tetraponera rufonigra extract on hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 while Anoplolepsis gracilipes on human breast cancer cell line MCF7 makes them good candidate for further purification and characterization. T. rufonigra extracts have shown the presence of all the tested chemicals like alkaloids, flavonoids, reducing sugars, phenols, steroids and amino acids.
{"title":"Comparative Anticancer Efficacy Analysis of T. rufonigra, C. oblongus, A. gracilipes and Camponotus sp. of Ants: An in vitro Study","authors":"Suman Jangir, V. Nadumane","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3126","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Insects and their products have been linked to medical cures from age old now. Among all the other Insects, Ants of the order Hymenoptera possess a wide range of bioactive compounds that have shown to have potent anticancer properties. In a similar fashion, the present study investigates the in vitro antitumor effects of Bengaluru-based ant extracts. Different ant species were collected from various locations in Bengaluru and identified as Tetraponera rufonigra, Camponotus oblongus, Anoplolepsis gracilipes, Camponotus species. Further, A 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed on hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 after extracting the metabolites in 95% EtOH. The potential anticancer effect was again confirmed by Trypan blue cell staining assay using HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) and MCF7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cell line. Further, apoptotic induction was measured by Caspase-3 activity assay and different tests were performed to investigate the chemical composition of the extracts. All the crude extracts of ants have shown anticancer effects and increase in caspase-3 enzyme activity of Tetraponera rufonigra extract on hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 while Anoplolepsis gracilipes on human breast cancer cell line MCF7 makes them good candidate for further purification and characterization. T. rufonigra extracts have shown the presence of all the tested chemicals like alkaloids, flavonoids, reducing sugars, phenols, steroids and amino acids.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79668211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT: The application of microbes to synthesize metallic NPs is due to their increased capability to survive at maximum concentrations of metallic ions. The gold nanoparticles are used as the catalytic agent in the degradation of organic dyes, bioremediation, and antibacterial and antimicrobial effects. Despite the fact that the production of metal gold nanoparticles is relatively new, the relationships amongst microorganisms and metals have been thoroughly documented. In the subject of bioremediation, the capacity of bacteria to accumulate metals has also been acknowledged. Recently, the diversity of microorganisms has been used as factories for fabricating AuNPs both intracellularly and extracellularly. Microbial cells, upon treatment with gold salts, synthesize gold nanostructures, which are further isolated and purified using varied methodologies to acquire AuNPs. Control over the size and shape of AuNPs can be achieved by manoeuvring the main growth parameters.
{"title":"Microbe-Based Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and its Catalytic Applications","authors":"Rakshi Anuja Dinesh, Srishti Raja, Nisha Kishanlal, Valli Nachiyar C, S. Sunkar","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3106","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: The application of microbes to synthesize metallic NPs is due to their increased capability to survive at maximum concentrations of metallic ions. The gold nanoparticles are used as the catalytic agent in the degradation of organic dyes, bioremediation, and antibacterial and antimicrobial effects. Despite the fact that the production of metal gold nanoparticles is relatively new, the relationships amongst microorganisms and metals have been thoroughly documented. In the subject of bioremediation, the capacity of bacteria to accumulate metals has also been acknowledged. Recently, the diversity of microorganisms has been used as factories for fabricating AuNPs both intracellularly and extracellularly. Microbial cells, upon treatment with gold salts, synthesize gold nanostructures, which are further isolated and purified using varied methodologies to acquire AuNPs. Control over the size and shape of AuNPs can be achieved by manoeuvring the main growth parameters.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88528280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rekha Mehrotra, Samik Sharma, Nidhi Shree, K. Kaur
Bacterial cellulose has come forth as a novel nano-material with an extensive range of distinct properties, making it an excellent industrial alternative to conventional plant cellulose, as the world moves toward a sustainable and cleaner phase. Bacterial cellulose is a biomaterial that breaks down naturally in the environment and is produced by natural mechanism in bacterial cells. It has been considered as a substitute to traditional biomaterials in numerous sectors, namely, textile, pharmaceutical, food industry, biotechnology, for its features enabling to achieve sustainable development goals. The present focus is on looking at developing an inexpensive substrate for the synthesis of bacterial cellulose from industrial waste as its commercialization is restricted due to social, economic, and environmental considerations. Upcoming research in biotechnological area of biotextiles and biocomposites aims to integrate basic knowledge of textiles with biological sciences thereby facilitating production of goods which are commercially more viable and also less harmful to the environment. The review discusses the data regarding the use of bacterial cellulose and its production over the years, notably in the textile sector, with an emphasis on advancement of research to enable its extensive production and in various other areas like cosmetology, food industry, biomedical and paper industry. In addition, potential benefits of bacterial cellulose development addressing many of the global sustainable development goals along with suggestions for its scale-up have also been discussed.
{"title":"Bacterial Cellulose: An Ecological Alternative as A Biotextile","authors":"Rekha Mehrotra, Samik Sharma, Nidhi Shree, K. Kaur","doi":"10.13005/bbra/3101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3101","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial cellulose has come forth as a novel nano-material with an extensive range of distinct properties, making it an excellent industrial alternative to conventional plant cellulose, as the world moves toward a sustainable and cleaner phase. Bacterial cellulose is a biomaterial that breaks down naturally in the environment and is produced by natural mechanism in bacterial cells. It has been considered as a substitute to traditional biomaterials in numerous sectors, namely, textile, pharmaceutical, food industry, biotechnology, for its features enabling to achieve sustainable development goals. The present focus is on looking at developing an inexpensive substrate for the synthesis of bacterial cellulose from industrial waste as its commercialization is restricted due to social, economic, and environmental considerations. Upcoming research in biotechnological area of biotextiles and biocomposites aims to integrate basic knowledge of textiles with biological sciences thereby facilitating production of goods which are commercially more viable and also less harmful to the environment. The review discusses the data regarding the use of bacterial cellulose and its production over the years, notably in the textile sector, with an emphasis on advancement of research to enable its extensive production and in various other areas like cosmetology, food industry, biomedical and paper industry. In addition, potential benefits of bacterial cellulose development addressing many of the global sustainable development goals along with suggestions for its scale-up have also been discussed.","PeriodicalId":9032,"journal":{"name":"Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia","volume":"os-45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87240306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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