Pub Date : 2018-07-27DOI: 10.15406/AOVS.2018.08.00309
Saurabh Deshmukh, Dipankar Das, Jnanankar Medhi, H. Bhattacharjee, Krati Gupta, Priya T. Bhola
Uveitis is the inflammation of the vascular coat of the eyeball and it can either be anterior, intermediate, posterior or panuveitis depending on the structures involved. Anterior uveitis is the commonest form.1 Ocular fungal infections most commonly involve the cornea, anterior chamber, and the vitreous.2 One important fungus is the Fusarium. It is a filamentous fungus, is ubiquitous and commonly found in the soil and on the plants. It is a common cause of fungal keratitis and keratitisassociated fungal endophthalmitis.3 F. solani and F. oxysporum are the most common species affecting the humans, with F. solani being the most virulent. Numerous cases of keratitis and endophthalmitis caused by F. solani and F. oxysporum have been reported but a case of isolated anterior uveitis has not been reported in the literature.4 Herein, this case report emphasizes on considering the morphological characteristics of the lesion when making a provisional diagnosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report describing the fungal hyphae in the anterior chamber as a cause of anterior uveitis.
{"title":"Fungal hyphae in the Anterior Chamber in a case of Anterior Uveitis: A case report","authors":"Saurabh Deshmukh, Dipankar Das, Jnanankar Medhi, H. Bhattacharjee, Krati Gupta, Priya T. Bhola","doi":"10.15406/AOVS.2018.08.00309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/AOVS.2018.08.00309","url":null,"abstract":"Uveitis is the inflammation of the vascular coat of the eyeball and it can either be anterior, intermediate, posterior or panuveitis depending on the structures involved. Anterior uveitis is the commonest form.1 Ocular fungal infections most commonly involve the cornea, anterior chamber, and the vitreous.2 One important fungus is the Fusarium. It is a filamentous fungus, is ubiquitous and commonly found in the soil and on the plants. It is a common cause of fungal keratitis and keratitisassociated fungal endophthalmitis.3 F. solani and F. oxysporum are the most common species affecting the humans, with F. solani being the most virulent. Numerous cases of keratitis and endophthalmitis caused by F. solani and F. oxysporum have been reported but a case of isolated anterior uveitis has not been reported in the literature.4 Herein, this case report emphasizes on considering the morphological characteristics of the lesion when making a provisional diagnosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report describing the fungal hyphae in the anterior chamber as a cause of anterior uveitis.","PeriodicalId":90420,"journal":{"name":"Advances in ophthalmology & visual system","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80526073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-20DOI: 10.15406/AOVS.2018.08.00308
F. Alqahtani, H. Alkatan, S. Husain, Hattan Alkhiary
The most common location of small cell neuro endocrine tumor (NET)is pulmonary, while the overall incidence of extra pulmonary NET is less observed. The extra pulmonary sites include the salivary glands, sinuses, thyroid, larynx, trachea, pleura, thymus, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract, ovary, uterus, cervix, brain, lymph nodes, skin and eyelids.1 Non-ocular NET has been reported in various anatomic locations; however, primary orbital NET is uncommon, and majority of cases are metastatic.2 The orbit has been reported to be involved by NET in only 4-5% of all orbital metastatic cases.3 NET of the eyelid is a rare entity that has not been reported extensively in the ophthalmic literature.4 In this case report we describe a case of an aggressive neglected NET involving the left eyelids and anterior orbit. The case, was diagnosed based on histopathological features and immuno histochemical staining, however the origin of the tumor remained debatable.
{"title":"Neglected left periocular neuroendocrine tumor with a debatable origin: histopathological case report and brief review of the literaturereport and brief review of the literature","authors":"F. Alqahtani, H. Alkatan, S. Husain, Hattan Alkhiary","doi":"10.15406/AOVS.2018.08.00308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/AOVS.2018.08.00308","url":null,"abstract":"The most common location of small cell neuro endocrine tumor (NET)is pulmonary, while the overall incidence of extra pulmonary NET is less observed. The extra pulmonary sites include the salivary glands, sinuses, thyroid, larynx, trachea, pleura, thymus, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract, ovary, uterus, cervix, brain, lymph nodes, skin and eyelids.1 Non-ocular NET has been reported in various anatomic locations; however, primary orbital NET is uncommon, and majority of cases are metastatic.2 The orbit has been reported to be involved by NET in only 4-5% of all orbital metastatic cases.3 NET of the eyelid is a rare entity that has not been reported extensively in the ophthalmic literature.4 In this case report we describe a case of an aggressive neglected NET involving the left eyelids and anterior orbit. The case, was diagnosed based on histopathological features and immuno histochemical staining, however the origin of the tumor remained debatable.","PeriodicalId":90420,"journal":{"name":"Advances in ophthalmology & visual system","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80272562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-20DOI: 10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00307
P. SureshK, Ey, Vidushi Sharma
The situation is even worse in India. According to a report, 19.5% females and 12% males in the health care experience depression, this is even more prevalent among medical students as around 15 to 30% medical students screened positive for depression. Another study conducted by Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine showed that 14% of health care professionals are heavy smokers, 18% depend on antidepressants, and 21% drink alcohol in high volumes.3
{"title":"Physician heal thyself: tips to manage stress & burnouts among doctors in India","authors":"P. SureshK, Ey, Vidushi Sharma","doi":"10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00307","url":null,"abstract":"The situation is even worse in India. According to a report, 19.5% females and 12% males in the health care experience depression, this is even more prevalent among medical students as around 15 to 30% medical students screened positive for depression. Another study conducted by Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine showed that 14% of health care professionals are heavy smokers, 18% depend on antidepressants, and 21% drink alcohol in high volumes.3","PeriodicalId":90420,"journal":{"name":"Advances in ophthalmology & visual system","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84521462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-19DOI: 10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00306
B. Turgut
The complications of FDR are VH, tractional RD, neovascular glaucoma, and blindness in a very short time such as a few weeks or months. Thus, to prevent the destructive consequences of FDR, the management of the disease includes early diagnosis and aggressive treatment with an extensive pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRPC) and when necessary, early pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).1,2,6-8 Intravitreal anti-VEGF drug and steroid injections should be considered as the adjunctive treatment to obtain NV regression and interventional easiness for PRFC and PPV, if markedly fibrovascular vitreoretinal traction is not observed.9-11 Recent reports on the treatment of FDR showed that pituitary ablation, insulin-infusion device or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion can preserve vision in selected cases.8,12,13
{"title":"Florid retinopathy: a rapidly progressive form of proliferative diabetic retinopathy","authors":"B. Turgut","doi":"10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00306","url":null,"abstract":"The complications of FDR are VH, tractional RD, neovascular glaucoma, and blindness in a very short time such as a few weeks or months. Thus, to prevent the destructive consequences of FDR, the management of the disease includes early diagnosis and aggressive treatment with an extensive pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRPC) and when necessary, early pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).1,2,6-8 Intravitreal anti-VEGF drug and steroid injections should be considered as the adjunctive treatment to obtain NV regression and interventional easiness for PRFC and PPV, if markedly fibrovascular vitreoretinal traction is not observed.9-11 Recent reports on the treatment of FDR showed that pituitary ablation, insulin-infusion device or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion can preserve vision in selected cases.8,12,13","PeriodicalId":90420,"journal":{"name":"Advances in ophthalmology & visual system","volume":"56 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73838504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-18DOI: 10.15406/AOVS.2018.08.00305
P. Dhir, Dipankar Das, Balmukund Agarwal, K. Bhattacharjee, D. Misra, P. Deka, Awaneesh Upadhyay, Pranjal Mishra, Apurba Deka
This 36year-old male patient presented to us with pain & redness in right eye (OD) since last 2months and decreased vision since childhood attributed to injury with stone. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in OD was counting fingers @3mt & in left eye (OS) 20/60. Slit lamp examination revealed conjunctival congestion in OD along with tissue growth over corneal surface, pigments on corneal endothelium, quiet anterior chamber (AC), with clear lens. The growth had limbal fixity and was extending from 7 to 10 clock hours over lateral aspect of cornea without any prominent vasculature. Fundus examination showed para-foveal scarring. OS was unremarkable. Intra ocular pressure was 20 & 18mmHg respectively. Diagnosis of OD pterygium was made and patient underwent pterygium excision with conjunctival autograft. Histopathology was inconclusive. Postoperatively patient was on antibiotics, steroids and lubricants for period of 6weeks and doing well. Patient re-presented to us, 3months post surgery when he noticed an abnormal growth on temporal side of cornea.
{"title":"The masquerading squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"P. Dhir, Dipankar Das, Balmukund Agarwal, K. Bhattacharjee, D. Misra, P. Deka, Awaneesh Upadhyay, Pranjal Mishra, Apurba Deka","doi":"10.15406/AOVS.2018.08.00305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/AOVS.2018.08.00305","url":null,"abstract":"This 36year-old male patient presented to us with pain & redness in right eye (OD) since last 2months and decreased vision since childhood attributed to injury with stone. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in OD was counting fingers @3mt & in left eye (OS) 20/60. Slit lamp examination revealed conjunctival congestion in OD along with tissue growth over corneal surface, pigments on corneal endothelium, quiet anterior chamber (AC), with clear lens. The growth had limbal fixity and was extending from 7 to 10 clock hours over lateral aspect of cornea without any prominent vasculature. Fundus examination showed para-foveal scarring. OS was unremarkable. Intra ocular pressure was 20 & 18mmHg respectively. Diagnosis of OD pterygium was made and patient underwent pterygium excision with conjunctival autograft. Histopathology was inconclusive. Postoperatively patient was on antibiotics, steroids and lubricants for period of 6weeks and doing well. Patient re-presented to us, 3months post surgery when he noticed an abnormal growth on temporal side of cornea.","PeriodicalId":90420,"journal":{"name":"Advances in ophthalmology & visual system","volume":"58 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76181076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-11DOI: 10.15406/AOVS.2018.08.00304
C. M. Gomes, C. G. Filho, B. Valbon, R. P. Oliveira
Many studies have examined the outcomes and complication rates associated with cataract surgery performed by residents and have concluded that, overall, the complication rates and outcomes are acceptable.1,4 However, few of these studies have attempted to identify a time point during training or a surgical case number at which most residents become competent in performing extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE). We designed a study to analyze the factors involved in major surgical complications and visual outcome of ECCE done by resident surgeons in a regional hospital.The purposes of this study were to analyze outcomes of ECCE performed by residents during their training experience and to determine a resident learning curve for this procedure.
{"title":"Visual outcome and major complications of extracapsular cataract extraction performed by resident physicians at a regional hospital in Brazil","authors":"C. M. Gomes, C. G. Filho, B. Valbon, R. P. Oliveira","doi":"10.15406/AOVS.2018.08.00304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/AOVS.2018.08.00304","url":null,"abstract":"Many studies have examined the outcomes and complication rates associated with cataract surgery performed by residents and have concluded that, overall, the complication rates and outcomes are acceptable.1,4 However, few of these studies have attempted to identify a time point during training or a surgical case number at which most residents become competent in performing extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE). We designed a study to analyze the factors involved in major surgical complications and visual outcome of ECCE done by resident surgeons in a regional hospital.The purposes of this study were to analyze outcomes of ECCE performed by residents during their training experience and to determine a resident learning curve for this procedure.","PeriodicalId":90420,"journal":{"name":"Advances in ophthalmology & visual system","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86969121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-11DOI: 10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00303
B. Turgut, Feyza Çaliş Karanfil, Fatos Altun Turgut
Sixty percent of the human brain is formed by visual pathways and high visual centers. Thirty visual centers work normally in concordance with systematic and constant communication with each other. Visual cortical areas include primary and secondary areas. Normal visual processing includes the signalization and neuronal processing initiated from the retina through the lateral geniculate body to the striate cortex.1,2 Visual cortical areas include Broadman-17 (primary visual cortex, area striata, visual area V1) area related to shape and size of the objects in striate cortex at lobus occipitalis; Broadman-18 (area parastriata, prestriate cortex, visual area V2) area related to the analysis of object motion in parastriate cortex at lobus occipitalis; Broadman-19 associated with visual area V3 in posterior parietal lobe related to visual integration and cortical color vision; V4 and V5 areas in superior temporal sulcus, related to motion perception (M cells) input, direction and depth perception; visual area V6 in parietal cortex associated with extra-personal perception.2,3 Lesions in visual areas 18 and 19 are associated with visual agnosia. The injury in left may be associated with pure alexia. Defects in the posterior parietal cortex cause optic ataxia while the damage to the medial supero-temporal cortex and medial temporal visual cortex results in loss of visual motion perception (akinetopsia) in different directions. The damage to the inferotemporal cortex causes visual agnosia. Damage to V4 results in loss of color vision, achromatopsia, while damage to V6 causes an inability to distinguish two-dimensional patterns.4–6
{"title":"Abnormalities in higher cortical visual processing","authors":"B. Turgut, Feyza Çaliş Karanfil, Fatos Altun Turgut","doi":"10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00303","url":null,"abstract":"Sixty percent of the human brain is formed by visual pathways and high visual centers. Thirty visual centers work normally in concordance with systematic and constant communication with each other. Visual cortical areas include primary and secondary areas. Normal visual processing includes the signalization and neuronal processing initiated from the retina through the lateral geniculate body to the striate cortex.1,2 Visual cortical areas include Broadman-17 (primary visual cortex, area striata, visual area V1) area related to shape and size of the objects in striate cortex at lobus occipitalis; Broadman-18 (area parastriata, prestriate cortex, visual area V2) area related to the analysis of object motion in parastriate cortex at lobus occipitalis; Broadman-19 associated with visual area V3 in posterior parietal lobe related to visual integration and cortical color vision; V4 and V5 areas in superior temporal sulcus, related to motion perception (M cells) input, direction and depth perception; visual area V6 in parietal cortex associated with extra-personal perception.2,3 Lesions in visual areas 18 and 19 are associated with visual agnosia. The injury in left may be associated with pure alexia. Defects in the posterior parietal cortex cause optic ataxia while the damage to the medial supero-temporal cortex and medial temporal visual cortex results in loss of visual motion perception (akinetopsia) in different directions. The damage to the inferotemporal cortex causes visual agnosia. Damage to V4 results in loss of color vision, achromatopsia, while damage to V6 causes an inability to distinguish two-dimensional patterns.4–6","PeriodicalId":90420,"journal":{"name":"Advances in ophthalmology & visual system","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88409868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-03DOI: 10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00302
S. Ramakrishna, S. Rao, A. Singal
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinic radiological entity that was first reported by Hinchey et al.,1 in 1996 based on 15 cases. He described it as white matter edema presenting with headache, altered mental functioning, seizures, and abnormalities of visual perception. This condition has been called previously by several terms such as reversible posterior cerebral edema syndrome, reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome, and reversible occipital parietal encephalopathy. It was Stott et al.,2 who proposed the term Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) for the condition. PRES is characterized by visual abnormalities, loss of consciousness, seizures, consciousness, headaches and focal neurological signs. Causes of PRES are diverse and include preeclampsia, eclampsia, renal insufficiency, solid organ transplantation and immunosuppressive therapy.3 Some relatively rarer causes include use of bevacizumab, head injury, seizure and migraine.4 Though several cases of PRES have been reported in neurology and neuroradiology, ophthalmic literature has had limited exposure and this case report tries to describe a common presentation of PRES along with its management. Case report
{"title":"Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome presenting as bilateral blindness in a post partum female","authors":"S. Ramakrishna, S. Rao, A. Singal","doi":"10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00302","url":null,"abstract":"Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinic radiological entity that was first reported by Hinchey et al.,1 in 1996 based on 15 cases. He described it as white matter edema presenting with headache, altered mental functioning, seizures, and abnormalities of visual perception. This condition has been called previously by several terms such as reversible posterior cerebral edema syndrome, reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome, and reversible occipital parietal encephalopathy. It was Stott et al.,2 who proposed the term Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) for the condition. PRES is characterized by visual abnormalities, loss of consciousness, seizures, consciousness, headaches and focal neurological signs. Causes of PRES are diverse and include preeclampsia, eclampsia, renal insufficiency, solid organ transplantation and immunosuppressive therapy.3 Some relatively rarer causes include use of bevacizumab, head injury, seizure and migraine.4 Though several cases of PRES have been reported in neurology and neuroradiology, ophthalmic literature has had limited exposure and this case report tries to describe a common presentation of PRES along with its management. Case report","PeriodicalId":90420,"journal":{"name":"Advances in ophthalmology & visual system","volume":"84 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83899359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-20DOI: 10.15406/AOVS.2018.08.00300
Saurabh Deshmukh, Hemalata Deka, H. Bhattacharjee, Dipankar Das, Krati Gupta
We report three distinct cases who presented initially as age-related macular degeneration, intermediate uveitis, and cystoid macular edema respectively. They were later diagnosed to have atypical retinitis pigmentosa. Clinical presentation, full field perimetry, fundus photography, electroretinography, fundus fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography are described in detail for all three patients. The course of their disease and treatment during the period of observation are discussed with complete photo-documentation. Since the fundus may appear clinically normal in such cases, the diagnosis may be missed. So, these cases pose a diagnostic challenge to the ophthalmologist.
{"title":"Clinical peculiarities in challenging cases of atypical retinitis pigmentosa: a case series and review of the literature","authors":"Saurabh Deshmukh, Hemalata Deka, H. Bhattacharjee, Dipankar Das, Krati Gupta","doi":"10.15406/AOVS.2018.08.00300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/AOVS.2018.08.00300","url":null,"abstract":"We report three distinct cases who presented initially as age-related macular degeneration, intermediate uveitis, and cystoid macular edema respectively. They were later diagnosed to have atypical retinitis pigmentosa. Clinical presentation, full field perimetry, fundus photography, electroretinography, fundus fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography are described in detail for all three patients. The course of their disease and treatment during the period of observation are discussed with complete photo-documentation. Since the fundus may appear clinically normal in such cases, the diagnosis may be missed. So, these cases pose a diagnostic challenge to the ophthalmologist.","PeriodicalId":90420,"journal":{"name":"Advances in ophthalmology & visual system","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79488008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-15DOI: 10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00299
Dipankar Das, H. Bhattacharjee, D. Misra, P. Deka, Fazil Khurrum, Saurabh Deshmukh, P. Mishra, Priya T. Bhola, Apurba Deka
The lens is an extremely planned system of focused cells which constitutes an important element of optical arrangement of the eye and fulfills the important functions of altering the refractive index of light entering the eye to focus on the retina.1,2 The transparency of lens is due to the shape, array, internal structure, and biochemistry of the lens cells or lens fibre.1 The lens is held in place by composite three dimensional systems of radially arranged zonules called zonules of Zinn or the suspensory ligament of the lens.1 These fragile fibres are attached to the lens capsule 2mm anterior and 1mm posterior to the equator and arise from the region of pars plana ciliary epithelium and pass forward closely related to the lateral surfaces of ciliary processes.1 The fibrous zonules blend with basal lamina of the lens capsule. The anterior and posterior zonules place in obliquely into superficial 1-2μm of preand post-equatorial lens capsule, while equatorial zonules insert at right angles.1–3 We present the documentation of zonular stress lines (ZSLs) for the first time in the scientific literature on the transparent crystalline lens from three enucleated eyeballs. These stress lines are the evidence of the zonules to take part in accommodation and also arbitrate accommodative movements. Although some believed that there are two types of zonules, first being ‘main zonules’ and other the ‘tension zonules’, the later being placed under tension during accommodation but there were no morphological different stress lines on the surface of lens in so called two varieties of zonules.1–3
{"title":"Evidence of zonular stress lines on human crystalline lens","authors":"Dipankar Das, H. Bhattacharjee, D. Misra, P. Deka, Fazil Khurrum, Saurabh Deshmukh, P. Mishra, Priya T. Bhola, Apurba Deka","doi":"10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aovs.2018.08.00299","url":null,"abstract":"The lens is an extremely planned system of focused cells which constitutes an important element of optical arrangement of the eye and fulfills the important functions of altering the refractive index of light entering the eye to focus on the retina.1,2 The transparency of lens is due to the shape, array, internal structure, and biochemistry of the lens cells or lens fibre.1 The lens is held in place by composite three dimensional systems of radially arranged zonules called zonules of Zinn or the suspensory ligament of the lens.1 These fragile fibres are attached to the lens capsule 2mm anterior and 1mm posterior to the equator and arise from the region of pars plana ciliary epithelium and pass forward closely related to the lateral surfaces of ciliary processes.1 The fibrous zonules blend with basal lamina of the lens capsule. The anterior and posterior zonules place in obliquely into superficial 1-2μm of preand post-equatorial lens capsule, while equatorial zonules insert at right angles.1–3 We present the documentation of zonular stress lines (ZSLs) for the first time in the scientific literature on the transparent crystalline lens from three enucleated eyeballs. These stress lines are the evidence of the zonules to take part in accommodation and also arbitrate accommodative movements. Although some believed that there are two types of zonules, first being ‘main zonules’ and other the ‘tension zonules’, the later being placed under tension during accommodation but there were no morphological different stress lines on the surface of lens in so called two varieties of zonules.1–3","PeriodicalId":90420,"journal":{"name":"Advances in ophthalmology & visual system","volume":"74 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76836107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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