Journal of aging science最新文献

{"title":"Exploring Cultural Similarity and Cultural Diversity: A Cross-National Study of Nine Countries","authors":"N. Karlin, J. Weil","doi":"10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.204","url":null,"abstract":"Population aging is a universal, global issue with each country facing its own challenges to ensure the health of its older persons. We examined information gathered from 363 participants residing in nine societies (Japan, Saudi Arabia, China, Thailand, Botswana, Tunisia, U.S., South Africa, and Italy) about issues related to their self-reported aging experience. Using face-to-face interview and survey methods, information from older adults suggests evidence for both cultural similarity and diversity for these aging older adults. There is uniformity within the countries we studied in older adults’ dislike of health changes and the experiencing financial concerns. Data collected also provides support for noticeable elements of diversity with regard to aging in each country and that divergent paths in aging exist. Findings point to recognition for cultural humility, recognizing the lack of knowledge for specific aging practices within individual societies, and a push toward cultural competence where more data is required to understand the true experiences within a group.","PeriodicalId":90884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70001300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Effects of Tai Chi Chuan, Coordination and Aerobic Exercise on Attention in Elderly Individuals","authors":"Y. Pakzad-Mayer, Jia-Tzer Jang, Yueh-Chi Wang, Chen Chia-Hui, Yuan-Shuo Chan, Peter Karl Mayer","doi":"10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.201","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the effects of 3 different acute exercise modes on sustained attention in elderly adults. Twelve experienced male Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) practitioners were assigned to: TCC, coordination program and ergometer cycling. Each exercise session lasted for 30 minutes. Before and after the exercise a 14 min Continues Performance Test (CPT) was conducted to evaluate sustained attention. Results: After TCC a value for attentiveness (Detectability) improved significantly with p=0.01. Decreasing commission mistakes (p=0.06) and hit reaction time (p=0.09) showed a tendency for higher attention levels. Hit reaction time value (p=0.026) and hit reaction time standard deviation (p=0.002) reduced significantly after the coordination session. Commission mistakes decreased significantly (p=0.031) after ergometer cycling. These results demonstrate that each exercise mode influences attention markers differently; Coordinative challenging exercises are more beneficial for attention; TCC in specific for attentiveness and inhibition; and aerobic training for inhibition.","PeriodicalId":90884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70001672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Effect of an Independent Support Type Pelvic Fixation System Dining Chair Corresponding to Eating and Drinking Troubles of Elderly People who Continue to Decline in Swallowing Function","authors":"J. Fukaura, Tetsushi Tamekazu, Hideo Kaneko, Takeshi Nanba, Yasuhiko Takeda","doi":"10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.205","url":null,"abstract":"The smooth swallowing posture (neck forward flexion posture) and swallowing function training to correspond to the aspiration are described in the medical literature. How to make neck forward flexion(NFF) posture and how to keep NFF posture is the biggest unresolved problem of dining chair development for researchers and developers in medicine and engineering. A dining chair designed to protect the elderly from aspiration and aspiration pneumonia was developed in Japan. We thought that if the function effect of the dining chair was truly demonstrated, it would be valuable information to all the elderly who have troubles in daily meal. We tried to verify the actual effect of the functional structure of the dining chair with electromyograph. As a result of the verification, it was confirmed that the meal with a new posture fixation system exhibited a smooth swallowing effect. The verification result of the dining chair of the new method is nice information for all the elderly in the world who continue to decline swallowing function.","PeriodicalId":90884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70001961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress Check: How Cultural Stress Is Impacting Health and Longevity, and What We Can Do About It","authors":"Howard MuradM.D.","doi":"10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.216","url":null,"abstract":"Our phones recognize our face shapes better than our friends. Digital consumption is replacing human touch. Even when we’re together, we are texting rather than talking. If personal connection was classified as a sustainable resource, we could hypothesize that it is non-renewable and fleeting—fast. How is it that, in this age of being more connected than ever, we are at our loneliest? Advances in technology, enhanced screen time, and digital interconnectedness have collectively created a false sense of connection and a new type of stress: Cultural Stress (CS) and its pervasive, recognizable syndrome classified as Cultural Stress Anxiety Syndrome (CSAS).","PeriodicalId":90884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging science","volume":"98 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70002966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Frailty among Older Surgical Patients","authors":"R. Accardi, S. Ronchi, M. Cesari, Emanuela Racaniello, E. Rosa, DarioLaquintana","doi":"10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.217","url":null,"abstract":"The increase of hospital admissions for surgical interventions in subjects aged 65 years and older has raised interest among surgeons about the concept of frailty. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of frailty in a sample of older patients admitted to the surgical departments. Frailty was defined using the model proposed by Robinson and colleagues that reflects the number of deficits an individual has accrued across different domains like gait speed and muscular strength, chronic anemia, comorbidity, cognitive impairments, ability to perform activity of daily living, malnutrition, geriatric syndrome of falls. Results show a high prevalence of frailty (19%) and pre-frailty (34%) in the studied population. Physical impairment (54%), comorbidity burden (29%), cognitive dysfunction (32%) and dependence in Activities of Daily Living (28%) largely characterized the frailty phenotype of our sample. Given its complexity and heterogeneity, a multidisciplinary and integrated care approach is necessary for designing a personalized plan of intervention. This will avoid wasting the benefits brought by the surgical intervention because of a poor supporting network.","PeriodicalId":90884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging science","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70003047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Mini Review of Astaxhantin and Oxidative Stress in Aging","authors":"Gülsüm Deveci, N. Tek","doi":"10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.211","url":null,"abstract":"There are more than 300 theories attempting to explain old age or senescence, which is affected by genetic and environmental factors. Of all these theories, with respect to free radical theory, oxygen species occurring in the wake of extrinsic and intrinsic factors may trigger senescence and accelerate the aging process. Another reason for free radical generation is decrement of antioxidants and its components intake in diet. Astaxhantin (ASTX) has more antioxidant activity than other carotenoids. Because of this property, astaxhantin may be a substantial antioxidant source in the diet. In this review, we discuss antioxidant effects of astaxhantin on potential mechanisms in senescence.","PeriodicalId":90884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging science","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70001785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prescription of the Functional Strength Training for Older People: A Brief Review","authors":"Antônio Gomes de Resende-Neto","doi":"10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.210","url":null,"abstract":"Aging is associated with a variety of multisystem changes that influence decreased neuromuscular fitness levels. Such losses decrease physiological resilience and increase vulnerability to chronic diseases. As such, treatment strategies are necessary for health promotion and well-being in older people. Seeking to meet this need, functional strength training is an intervention often used to improve muscle strength and morphology. However, evidence-based doseresponse relationships with key physical training variables (e.g. intensity, volume, speed of movement, frequency and adhesion strategies) are unclear in the scientific literature. Thus, the purpose of this update is to provide an overview of current investigations and to suggest recommendations for the application of functional strength training to elderly. Taking into consideration the conditions of analysis, it may be suggested that a properly designed training program for the elderly should include a functional approach, working with two to three sets in one to two exercises per muscle group, reaching intensities of 70%-85% of one repetition maximum in body movements that resemble daily activities, 2 to 3 weekly sessions, including strength exercises performed at maximum concentric speed also with moderate intensities (40%-60% of one repetition maximum) and having as a basic premise neuromuscular adaptations.","PeriodicalId":90884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging science","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70002168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adapting to Dying and Bereavement of Geriatric Palliative Care","authors":"Mohammed Abduh Al-Shaqi","doi":"10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2329-8847.19.07.213","url":null,"abstract":"Palliative care has recognized the power of suffering of life threatening illness and is concerned with helping people to cope and adapt with these chronic illness. Our fear of death and the loss of a loved one are two of the most monumental emotional challenges of human existence and suffering. This is incorporated into a philosophy of care that has resulted in the principles of palliative care. This anxiety is usually suppressed and is only exposed when the reality of a possible death is confronted. Fear of death stems from different sources, for example, the thought of our non-existence and the fear of the unknown of what lies beyond death. By understanding how societies deal with death, it is possible to explore the more specific issues of how patients cope, the problems that can arise and how carers should respond. This includes care of both the patient and those important to them (significant others). Bereavement support of some kind has become a fundamental aspect of palliative care, although there is a view that it continues to be a marginalized service, with reports of inequitable distribution of services. This paper will review how to improve the understanding of the processes involved during dying and bereavement, the damaging consequences that can occur and the role of health professionals in caring for the dying and the bereaved.","PeriodicalId":90884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging science","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70002823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging life care managers: Case studies in success","authors":"L. Kaufman","doi":"10.4172/2329-8847-C1-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8847-C1-004","url":null,"abstract":"Loss of function of mitochondria, the key cell organelle responsible for approximately 90% of cellular energy production, can result in cell death, excess fatigue, pain, and other symptoms that are common problems in almost if not all age-related chronic diseases as well as advanced age. These diseases include neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes and metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, neurobehavioral and psychiatric diseases, musculoskeletal and gastrointestinal diseases, fatiguing illnesses, cancer and chronic infections, among others. The mitochondrial function also declines in advanced age. At the molecular level reductions in mitochondrial function occur when there is a loss of mitochondrial maintenance of inner membrane transmembrane potential due to oxidative damage by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) as well as loss of critical mitochondrial co-factors, resulting in reduced efficiency of the electron transport chain and less generation of ATP. Membrane Lipid Replacement (MLR) using an all-natural nutritional supplement mixture containing membrane glycerolphospholipids can be used to repair mitochondrial inner membrane damage, improve inner mitochondrial membrane trans-membrane potential and mitochondrial function, reverse ROS damage and increase the efficiency of the electron transport chain. Recent clinical trials have shown the benefits of MLR in enhancing mitochondrial function, reducing fatigue, pain, and other symptoms while improving mood and cognition. For example, mitochondrial function and inner membrane transmembrane potential have been enhanced by 25-35%, resulting in decreases in fatigue by 35-45% in aging chronically ill patients in clinical trials. MLR has also been used to reduce the adverse effects of cancer chemotherapy and improve symptoms other than fatigue in chronic illness patients. Biography Garth L Nicolson is the Founder, President, Chief Scientific Officer and Professor Emeritus of Molecular Pathology at the Institute for Molecular Medicine in Huntington Beach, California. He was formally the David Bruton Jr Chair in Cancer Research and Professor and Chairman at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, and he was Professor of Internal Medicine and Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at the University of Texas Medical School at Houston. He has published over 650 medical and scientific papers, including editing 20 books, and has served on the Editorial Boards of 30 medical and scientific journals and was Senior Editor of four. Professor Nicolson has won many awards, such as the Burroughs Welcome Medal, Royal Society of Medicine (United Kingdom), Stephen Paget Award, Metastasis Research Society, U.S. National Cancer Institute Outstanding Investigator Award, and the Innovative Medicine Award, Canada. He is also a Colonel (O6, Honorary), U.S. Army Special Forces and a U.S. Navy SEAL (Honorary) for his work on Armed Forces and veterans’ illnesses. This work is ","PeriodicalId":90884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70272149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The neglected ‘ISM’: Empowering the old","authors":"Afshana Parveen Hoque","doi":"10.4172/2329-8847-C1-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8847-C1-006","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and purpose: One of the major health problems in old age is chronic pain. There are some evidences showing that elderlys chronic pain is not assessed and relieved adequately. Hence, it is essential to access accurate and sufficient information about chronic pain status to effectively manage the situation. Therefore, this study aimed to assess chronic pain prevalence and its characteristics among elderly. Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted among 205 elderly patients with chronic pain using multistage cluster sampling method. Data were collected during a period of 6 months in Ahwaz health care centers. Short version of the McGill Pain Questionnaire was used for chronic pain measurement. The internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach alpha. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 21) via Independent sample T test. Findings: Findings from this study showed that the most prevalent chronic pain was knee pain (80%) while, the least one was abdominal pain (13%). Majority of our participants (85%) reported having pain in multiple locations and 15% suffering from pain in a single location. Regarding type of pain, we found that cramping pain (80%) was the most prevalent type and sickening pain (22%) was the least prevalent. In addition, the most intense pain was discomforting pain (33%) and the least one was intolerable pain (19%). Pain was significantly (P less-than 0.05) higher in women, older than 65 years old, singles and under diploma education. There was no significant (P greater-than 0.05) association between pain and home ownership as well as income. Conclusion: This study revealed that prevalence of chronic pain is high among old people. Attention to chronic pain features among elderly is essential for identifying vulnerable groups and delivering better treatments. The findings of this study can be used by researchers and policy makers to plan effective pain management interventions.","PeriodicalId":90884,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70272204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}