F. Venturella, G. Cancellieri, M. Giammanco, A. Liga, F. Mortillaro, A. Carlo
In last years, heroin-addicted have exponentially increased: this has made it necessary to identify a pharmacological strategy as effective as possible. With this purpose, a statistical investigation was conducted in a sample of individuals, aged between 18 and 50. They were diagnosed and subjected to different treatments at Ser.T of Caltanissetta (Sicily-Italy) during the period 2013-2017. The analyzed patients were treated with three different pharmacological therapy: methadone 0.1%, methadone 0.5%, buprenorphine and suboxone. We obtained percentages of responders, low responders and non-responders patients from data processing, based on used therapy. Considering pharmacological responses of the sample examined, it is possible to observe that the treatment with buprenorphine has led to 71.98% of responders subjects, 23.52% of low responders and 4.5% of non-responders. Instead, the administration of methadone 0.1 % has produced 82.82% of responders subjects, 11.08% of low responders, 6.1% of nonresponders. The therapy with methadone 0.5% has resulted 88.98% of responders subjects, 7.8% of low responders, 3.22% of nonresponders. Finally, through the administration of suboxone, we obtained 86.34% of responders subjects, 9.84% of low responders and 3.82% of non responders. In conclusion, although it has emerged that treatment with methadone 0.5% is the most successful therapy, it is preferable to use suboxone (except in relapsing subjects) since it has also produced a high number of responders subjects and a good safety profile for heroin addicted patients.
{"title":"Methadone versus buprenorphine: data detected from Caltanissetta SER.T","authors":"F. Venturella, G. Cancellieri, M. Giammanco, A. Liga, F. Mortillaro, A. Carlo","doi":"10.4081/JBR.2020.8345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JBR.2020.8345","url":null,"abstract":"In last years, heroin-addicted have exponentially increased: this has made it necessary to identify a pharmacological strategy as effective as possible. With this purpose, a statistical investigation was conducted in a sample of individuals, aged between 18 and 50. They were diagnosed and subjected to different treatments at Ser.T of Caltanissetta (Sicily-Italy) during the period 2013-2017. The analyzed patients were treated with three different pharmacological therapy: methadone 0.1%, methadone 0.5%, buprenorphine and suboxone. We obtained percentages of responders, low responders and non-responders patients from data processing, based on used therapy. Considering pharmacological responses of the sample examined, it is possible to observe that the treatment with buprenorphine has led to 71.98% of responders subjects, 23.52% of low responders and 4.5% of non-responders. Instead, the administration of methadone 0.1 % has produced 82.82% of responders subjects, 11.08% of low responders, 6.1% of nonresponders. The therapy with methadone 0.5% has resulted 88.98% of responders subjects, 7.8% of low responders, 3.22% of nonresponders. Finally, through the administration of suboxone, we obtained 86.34% of responders subjects, 9.84% of low responders and 3.82% of non responders. In conclusion, although it has emerged that treatment with methadone 0.5% is the most successful therapy, it is preferable to use suboxone (except in relapsing subjects) since it has also produced a high number of responders subjects and a good safety profile for heroin addicted patients.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"176 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78557529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Venturella, A. Liga, M. Giammanco, P. Marco, C. Francesca, C. Giulia
Exercise Addiction (EA) is a behavioural dysfunction marked by uncontrolled compulsion towards all kinds of physical activity. With the purpose of understanding the epidemiology of this steadily increasing phenomenon, we have done a statistical analysis about some data obtained through the administration of an onlinequestionnaire (Google forms): the same one was also converted into paper-questionnaire and then it has been administered in many gyms in Palermo and Trapani (Sicily-Italy). The sample examined consists of 976 people aged between 14 and 65 (47.3% of them are women and 52.7% are men). For 53.8% of analysed people, physical activity is one of the most important things of their life. In fact, 18% of them declared to have conflicts with family or friends, because of the excessive hours dedicated to sport. Moreover, 86.2% of them pointed out that physical activity is a mood-booster. Probably for this reason, 49.6% of them claimed that they have drastically increased the number of hours devoted to physical activities in last years. Now, the most impressive statistic is the following one: 23.5% of surveyed declared that they get restless and nervous if they are unable to perform the training. Thanks to the last data, a clear symptom of craving emerged. It is very complicated to make a diagnosis of EA: however, through these questionnaires, the data indicate the presence of behaviours related to the Exercise Addiction. For this reason, it is necessary to act with preventive and information works in order to stem this not fully known phenomenon as much as possible.
{"title":"Statistical analysis about diffusion of exercise addiction in Sicily","authors":"F. Venturella, A. Liga, M. Giammanco, P. Marco, C. Francesca, C. Giulia","doi":"10.4081/JBR.2020.8239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JBR.2020.8239","url":null,"abstract":"Exercise Addiction (EA) is a behavioural dysfunction marked by uncontrolled compulsion towards all kinds of physical activity. With the purpose of understanding the epidemiology of this steadily increasing phenomenon, we have done a statistical analysis about some data obtained through the administration of an onlinequestionnaire (Google forms): the same one was also converted into paper-questionnaire and then it has been administered in many gyms in Palermo and Trapani (Sicily-Italy). The sample examined consists of 976 people aged between 14 and 65 (47.3% of them are women and 52.7% are men). For 53.8% of analysed people, physical activity is one of the most important things of their life. In fact, 18% of them declared to have conflicts with family or friends, because of the excessive hours dedicated to sport. Moreover, 86.2% of them pointed out that physical activity is a mood-booster. Probably for this reason, 49.6% of them claimed that they have drastically increased the number of hours devoted to physical activities in last years. Now, the most impressive statistic is the following one: 23.5% of surveyed declared that they get restless and nervous if they are unable to perform the training. Thanks to the last data, a clear symptom of craving emerged. It is very complicated to make a diagnosis of EA: however, through these questionnaires, the data indicate the presence of behaviours related to the Exercise Addiction. For this reason, it is necessary to act with preventive and information works in order to stem this not fully known phenomenon as much as possible.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80063136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Experiments were conducted to show the effect of split application of nitrogen (SN) and boron (B) on hybrid True Potato Seed (TPS) production. The TPS-67 (♂) and MF-II (♀) were used as crossing materials. The experiments comprised two factors i.e., factor-A; nitrogen splitting (4 levels): 2 split (SN0-Conventional), 3 split (SN1), 4 split (SN2) and 5 split (SN3) where 50 kg N ha–1 applied as basal from total 300 kg N ha–1 with each split application and the rest 250 kg N ha–1 was splitted as per treatment at 10 days intervals started from 30 DAP (days after planting); and factor- B; boron (4 levels): 0 (B0), 4 (B1), 6 (B2) and 8 (B3) kg B ha–1 under split-plot design with three replications. We found that SN and/or B influenced the hybrid TPS production. The maximum yield (2160.1 mg) of TPS plant–1 was found from SN1B3 and the minimum (1001.8 mg) was in SN0B0. The maximum yield (172.81 kg) of TPS ha–1 was found from SN1B3 and the minimum (80.14 kg) was in SN0B0. The maximum weight (86.87 mg) of 100-TPS was found from SN3B3; whereas, the minimum (53.36 mg) was in SN0B0.
通过试验研究了氮硼分施对杂交真薯种子生产的影响。以TPS-67(♂)和MF-II(♀)为杂交材料。实验包括两个因素，即因子a;分氮(4个水平):2次分氮(sn0 -常规)、3次分氮(SN1)、4次分氮(SN2)和5次分氮(SN3)，每次分施300 kg N ha-1，其中50 kg N ha-1作为基施，其余250 kg N ha-1按每次处理间隔10天进行分氮，从30 DAP(播种后天数)开始;因子- B;硼(4个水平):0 (B0)、4 (B1)、6 (B2)和8 (B3) kg B ha-1，分畦设计，3个重复。我们发现SN和/或B影响杂交TPS的产量。TPS植株- 1的产量以SN1B3最高(2160.1 mg)， SN0B0最低(1001.8 mg)。TPS ha-1产量以SN1B3最高(172.81 kg)， SN0B0最低(80.14 kg)。100-TPS的最大质量为SN3B3，为86.87 mg;而SN0B0最低，为53.36 mg。
{"title":"Hybrid true seed production from potato mother plant as influenced by nitrogen splitting and boron","authors":"R. Chakraborty, S. Islam, T. Roy","doi":"10.4081/JBR.0.8563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JBR.0.8563","url":null,"abstract":"Experiments were conducted to show the effect of split application of nitrogen (SN) and boron (B) on hybrid True Potato Seed (TPS) production. The TPS-67 (♂) and MF-II (♀) were used as crossing materials. The experiments comprised two factors i.e., factor-A; nitrogen splitting (4 levels): 2 split (SN0-Conventional), 3 split (SN1), 4 split (SN2) and 5 split (SN3) where 50 kg N ha–1 applied as basal from total 300 kg N ha–1 with each split application and the rest 250 kg N ha–1 was splitted as per treatment at 10 days intervals started from 30 DAP (days after planting); and factor- B; boron (4 levels): 0 (B0), 4 (B1), 6 (B2) and 8 (B3) kg B ha–1 under split-plot design with three replications. We found that SN and/or B influenced the hybrid TPS production. The maximum yield (2160.1 mg) of TPS plant–1 was found from SN1B3 and the minimum (1001.8 mg) was in SN0B0. The maximum yield (172.81 kg) of TPS ha–1 was found from SN1B3 and the minimum (80.14 kg) was in SN0B0. The maximum weight (86.87 mg) of 100-TPS was found from SN3B3; whereas, the minimum (53.36 mg) was in SN0B0.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81227373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wheat is an important cereal in terms of human consumption in many countries of the world. It is grown mainly in arid and semi-arid Mediterranean countries. In these areas, salinity of soils and irrigation water is one of the limiting factors in plant productivity and agricultural yield. The present work consisted in evaluating the morpho-physiological and biochemical behavior of two durum wheat varieties V1 (Gta dur), V2 (Vitron) subjected to increasing concentrations of NaCl during the germination phase and the growth phase in the laboratory. The results obtained showed several revelations in terms of morphological imbalance (leaf area, germination percentage, root length, physiological variation, decrease or increase of assimilating pigments, Relative Water Content (RWC), etc), and biochemical bioaccumulation (proline, soluble sugars, proteins and elevation of activity of CAT antioxidant enzymes). At the level of treatments, the development of the seedlings of two varieties was better on soil salty and sprinkled with water than in the presence of saline concentrations. A certain tolerance of the two genotypes was particularly marked in the Vitron variety against salt stress.
{"title":"The influence of salt stress on the morpho physiological and biochemical parameters of durum wheat varieties (Triticum durum Desf.)","authors":"Nadia Chiahi, Brinis Louhichi","doi":"10.4081/jbr.2020.7966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/jbr.2020.7966","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat is an important cereal in terms of human consumption in many countries of the world. It is grown mainly in arid and semi-arid Mediterranean countries. In these areas, salinity of soils and irrigation water is one of the limiting factors in plant productivity and agricultural yield. The present work consisted in evaluating the morpho-physiological and biochemical behavior of two durum wheat varieties V1 (Gta dur), V2 (Vitron) subjected to increasing concentrations of NaCl during the germination phase and the growth phase in the laboratory. The results obtained showed several revelations in terms of morphological imbalance (leaf area, germination percentage, root length, physiological variation, decrease or increase of assimilating pigments, Relative Water Content (RWC), etc), and biochemical bioaccumulation (proline, soluble sugars, proteins and elevation of activity of CAT antioxidant enzymes). At the level of treatments, the development of the seedlings of two varieties was better on soil salty and sprinkled with water than in the presence of saline concentrations. A certain tolerance of the two genotypes was particularly marked in the Vitron variety against salt stress.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83782799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental Biology in the time and the space. Research and scientific truth","authors":"The Editors","doi":"10.4081/jbr.2019.8724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/jbr.2019.8724","url":null,"abstract":"This abstract book contains the abstracts presented at the 92nd SIBS National Congress; Sassari, Italy, 2-4 December 2019.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78555457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ankistrodesmus sp. belongs to a group of microalgae which plays a significant role in various applications. Availability of nutrients is one of the primary factors regulating the growth and development of microalgae. Twelve experiments were run to determine the optimum media formulation of significant nutrient components for maximum biomass and lipid productivities of Ankistrodesmus sp. IFRPD 1061 cultivation using Plackett- Burman design. All nutrients significantly affected biomass productivity. Highest lipid productivity may not only necessarily originate from biomass cells with highest lipid content but also depend on nutrient formulation of culture media. Microalgal cell growth rate plays a major role in biomass and lipid production. Some nutrients including phosphorus and sodium did not significantly affect lipid productivity, therefore, optimizing nutrient contents could be applied to further scale-up microalgal production.
{"title":"Nutrients formulation to maximize Ankistrodesmus sp. microalgal cell biomass and lipid productivities","authors":"W. Pan-utai, P. Srinophakun, Wilasinee Inrung","doi":"10.4081/jbr.2019.8547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/jbr.2019.8547","url":null,"abstract":"Ankistrodesmus sp. belongs to a group of microalgae which plays a significant role in various applications. Availability of nutrients is one of the primary factors regulating the growth and development of microalgae. Twelve experiments were run to determine the optimum media formulation of significant nutrient components for maximum biomass and lipid productivities of Ankistrodesmus sp. IFRPD 1061 cultivation using Plackett- Burman design. All nutrients significantly affected biomass productivity. Highest lipid productivity may not only necessarily originate from biomass cells with highest lipid content but also depend on nutrient formulation of culture media. Microalgal cell growth rate plays a major role in biomass and lipid production. Some nutrients including phosphorus and sodium did not significantly affect lipid productivity, therefore, optimizing nutrient contents could be applied to further scale-up microalgal production.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84159478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Komolafe, J. Agbolade, A. Ajiboye, Rofiat Temitope Mustapha
Seven accessions of Vigna unguiculata were evaluated for variation in phenotypic traits and chlorophyll content of the cowpea leaves. Each accession was planted in a plastic container in triplicates in a Completely Randomised Block Design and evaluated based on nine quantitative traits. The morphological characters such as plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, peduncle length, number of pods per plant, terminal leaf length, terminal leaf width, number of main branches and number of nodes were determined at maturity. The leaf chlorophyll content was determined using spectrophotometer set at a wavelength of 634nm, 648nm and 470nm. Accession UAMO910556 has the highest plant height of 91.58cm, followed by accession IT97K- 499-35 with plant height of 50.33cm, while accession NGB0050 has the lowest plant height of 22.43cm. Accession T107K-297-13 has the highest peduncle length, number of main branches, number of nodes on main stem, number of leaves and highest number of pod which are significantly different from other accessions for the trait studied. Accession T107K-297-13 also has the highest content of chlorophylls a and b and highest total chlorophyll content. This shows that accession T107K-297-13 is the most diverse genotype with high quality of trait and so it could be selected for further breeding work.
{"title":"Genetic variability studies in seven accessions of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Moench.) using nine quantitative traits and chlorophyll content of leaves","authors":"R. Komolafe, J. Agbolade, A. Ajiboye, Rofiat Temitope Mustapha","doi":"10.4081/jbr.2019.8276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/jbr.2019.8276","url":null,"abstract":"Seven accessions of Vigna unguiculata were evaluated for variation in phenotypic traits and chlorophyll content of the cowpea leaves. Each accession was planted in a plastic container in triplicates in a Completely Randomised Block Design and evaluated based on nine quantitative traits. The morphological characters such as plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, peduncle length, number of pods per plant, terminal leaf length, terminal leaf width, number of main branches and number of nodes were determined at maturity. The leaf chlorophyll content was determined using spectrophotometer set at a wavelength of 634nm, 648nm and 470nm. Accession UAMO910556 has the highest plant height of 91.58cm, followed by accession IT97K- 499-35 with plant height of 50.33cm, while accession NGB0050 has the lowest plant height of 22.43cm. Accession T107K-297-13 has the highest peduncle length, number of main branches, number of nodes on main stem, number of leaves and highest number of pod which are significantly different from other accessions for the trait studied. Accession T107K-297-13 also has the highest content of chlorophylls a and b and highest total chlorophyll content. This shows that accession T107K-297-13 is the most diverse genotype with high quality of trait and so it could be selected for further breeding work.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74724731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Udovychenko, Y. Dudkina, Denys Oliinyk, O. Oskyrko, O. Marushchak, T. Halenova, O. Savchuk
In this research we have studied whether the amphibian crude skin secretions can modify some parameters of haemostatic system. We prepared the samples of crude skin secretions of Bombina bombina, Bombina variegata, Bufo bufo, and Bufotes viridis and investigated the plasma clotting function in vitro by performing activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time and thrombin time (TT) assays. The data indicate that the components of B. bombina and B. variegata skin secretions significantly prolonged aPTT clotting time, while the components of B. viridis skin secretions prolonged the time of plug formation in TT. The proteolytic activity and the ability of the skin secretions components to activate plasma proenzymes were assayed in vitro using synthetic chromogenic substrates. The components of B. variegata skin secretions cleaved all studied chromogenic substrates, whereas the B. viridis secretions intensively cleaved thrombin specific substrate and protein C specific substrate. The components of B. bombina and B. bufo skin secretions activated prothrombin and protein C in plasma. The components of B. variegata, B. bufo and B. viridis skin secretions in a dosedependent manner induced platelet aggregation.
{"title":"In vitro haemostatic effect of amphibian crude skin secretions in rabbit blood plasma","authors":"I. Udovychenko, Y. Dudkina, Denys Oliinyk, O. Oskyrko, O. Marushchak, T. Halenova, O. Savchuk","doi":"10.4081/jbr.2019.8475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/jbr.2019.8475","url":null,"abstract":"In this research we have studied whether the amphibian crude skin secretions can modify some parameters of haemostatic system. We prepared the samples of crude skin secretions of Bombina bombina, Bombina variegata, Bufo bufo, and Bufotes viridis and investigated the plasma clotting function in vitro by performing activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time and thrombin time (TT) assays. The data indicate that the components of B. bombina and B. variegata skin secretions significantly prolonged aPTT clotting time, while the components of B. viridis skin secretions prolonged the time of plug formation in TT. The proteolytic activity and the ability of the skin secretions components to activate plasma proenzymes were assayed in vitro using synthetic chromogenic substrates. The components of B. variegata skin secretions cleaved all studied chromogenic substrates, whereas the B. viridis secretions intensively cleaved thrombin specific substrate and protein C specific substrate. The components of B. bombina and B. bufo skin secretions activated prothrombin and protein C in plasma. The components of B. variegata, B. bufo and B. viridis skin secretions in a dosedependent manner induced platelet aggregation.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79807347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Venturella, G. Cancellieri, M. Giammanco, Paola Di Marco, F. Catania, A. Liga
In the last years, amateur doping phenomenon has caused many victims. In order to know the diffusion of this phenomenon, we conducted an online survey thanks to Google forms. We also converted on paper the same questionnaire and we administered it in many gyms in Palermo and Trapani (Sicily, Italy). The examined sample consists of 976 people aged between 14 and 65 (47.3% of them are women and 52.7% are men). We asked them if they had ever taken substances to improve their athletic performances: 25.8% of them answered affirmatively and declared to take protein, amino acids, but also Ephedrine, Caffeine, Aspirin on a regular basis (34.6%). They bought these substances in sporting stores (32.2%), in pharmacy without prescription (26.8%), on the Internet (22.8%), in gyms (10.7%); 7.5% of them answered that they bought substances in other places. Furthermore, 17.9% of them declared that training companions, but also coaches and/or responsible of sports societies, proposed them to take doping-substances (Stanazolol, Tamoxifen, Testosterone, Erythropoietin, etc.). 16.8% of interviewed claimed that it is right to take substances with the purpose to improve their performances. However, 95% of respondents said they had never given such substances to their children. They also declared they wanted more information about the true risks related to uncorrected doping-substances intake. In conclusion, it appears necessary to adopt measures of information and prevention to reduce the diffusion of this dangerous phenomenon.
{"title":"Amateur doping: a survey on Sicilian population","authors":"F. Venturella, G. Cancellieri, M. Giammanco, Paola Di Marco, F. Catania, A. Liga","doi":"10.4081/jbr.2019.8238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/jbr.2019.8238","url":null,"abstract":"In the last years, amateur doping phenomenon has caused many victims. In order to know the diffusion of this phenomenon, we conducted an online survey thanks to Google forms. We also converted on paper the same questionnaire and we administered it in many gyms in Palermo and Trapani (Sicily, Italy). The examined sample consists of 976 people aged between 14 and 65 (47.3% of them are women and 52.7% are men). We asked them if they had ever taken substances to improve their athletic performances: 25.8% of them answered affirmatively and declared to take protein, amino acids, but also Ephedrine, Caffeine, Aspirin on a regular basis (34.6%). They bought these substances in sporting stores (32.2%), in pharmacy without prescription (26.8%), on the Internet (22.8%), in gyms (10.7%); 7.5% of them answered that they bought substances in other places. Furthermore, 17.9% of them declared that training companions, but also coaches and/or responsible of sports societies, proposed them to take doping-substances (Stanazolol, Tamoxifen, Testosterone, Erythropoietin, etc.). 16.8% of interviewed claimed that it is right to take substances with the purpose to improve their performances. However, 95% of respondents said they had never given such substances to their children. They also declared they wanted more information about the true risks related to uncorrected doping-substances intake. In conclusion, it appears necessary to adopt measures of information and prevention to reduce the diffusion of this dangerous phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82957266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pharmaceuticals are becoming potentially ubiquitous pollutants because of their extensive use by man. One of the most frequent groups of pharmaceuticals that have been identified as particularly concerning is that of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and chemotherapeutic drugs. In Albania, studies to determine the risk of pharmaceuticals in conjunction with their occurrence in water bodies and their adverse effects on living organisms, including humans, are scarce. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the possible toxic effects of ibuprofen (IBU) and cyclophosphamide (CP) on cellular physiology of frog tadpoles. For this purpose, individuals of Pelophylax shqipericus belonging to stage 21 Gosner were exposed to sub-lethal concentration (5 μg/L) of IBU and CP for 48 hours, and erythrocyte abnormalities and micronucleated cell frequency were evaluated as endpoints. Blood smears from tadpoles exposed to CP for 48 hours showed a pronounced decrease in the number of red blood cells and an increase in the percentage of micronucleated erythrocytes through chromatin fragmentation, while abnormalities like cellular and nuclear vacuolization, collapse and rupture of the cell membrane were caused by IBU toxicity. Understanding the biological effects of these drugs on frog tadpoles can help in using these animals as reliable bio-indicator organisms in monitoring aquatic environments health.
{"title":"Amphibian embryos as an alternative model to study the pharmaceutical toxicity of cyclophosphamide and ibuprofen","authors":"Blerta Turani, Valbona Aliko, C. Faggio","doi":"10.4081/jbr.2019.8370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/jbr.2019.8370","url":null,"abstract":"Pharmaceuticals are becoming potentially ubiquitous pollutants because of their extensive use by man. One of the most frequent groups of pharmaceuticals that have been identified as particularly concerning is that of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and chemotherapeutic drugs. In Albania, studies to determine the risk of pharmaceuticals in conjunction with their occurrence in water bodies and their adverse effects on living organisms, including humans, are scarce. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the possible toxic effects of ibuprofen (IBU) and cyclophosphamide (CP) on cellular physiology of frog tadpoles. For this purpose, individuals of Pelophylax shqipericus belonging to stage 21 Gosner were exposed to sub-lethal concentration (5 μg/L) of IBU and CP for 48 hours, and erythrocyte abnormalities and micronucleated cell frequency were evaluated as endpoints. Blood smears from tadpoles exposed to CP for 48 hours showed a pronounced decrease in the number of red blood cells and an increase in the percentage of micronucleated erythrocytes through chromatin fragmentation, while abnormalities like cellular and nuclear vacuolization, collapse and rupture of the cell membrane were caused by IBU toxicity. Understanding the biological effects of these drugs on frog tadpoles can help in using these animals as reliable bio-indicator organisms in monitoring aquatic environments health.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75861321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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