BMC Endocrine Disorders最新文献

Background: Considering, the changes in lifestyle during the last decade the main aim of this study was to investigate the pooled prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in Iran.

Methods: For implementing a comprehensive search strategy related to the objectives of the present meta-analysis, all international databases like PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Embase, Web of Sciences (Elsevier), and CINHAL were searched up to January 2024. The quality of the final selected studies was evaluated according to the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal (JBI) tool for analytical cross-sectional studies. The subgroup analysis was performed based on gender, province, area, criteria of diagnosis, and components of metabolic syndrome. All of the analyses were carried out in STATA version 17.

Results: Among 2,034 relevant primary studies, 194 articles were entered into the meta-analysis. the prevalence of MetS in Iran was assessed using various criteria. The overall pooled prevalence was (31%, 95% CI: 28-34%), with a higher occurrence in females and individuals aged over 65 years. The central region, particularly Qom, reported the highest prevalence, while Tehran had the lowest. Low HDL cholesterol and waist circumference were the most common MetS components. The study provides critical data for health policy and intervention strategies in Iran.

Conclusion: Higher rates in females and the elderly and the predominance of low HDL cholesterol and waist circumference as MetS components call for targeted public health interventions. These insights are pivotal for formulating strategic health policies to mitigate MetS and its impact on the Iranian population.

Background: Microwave ablation is a new, minimally invasive technique for the treatment of thyroid nodules. Hyperthyroidism due to destructive thyroiditis is a known risk of microwave ablation, though it occurs in only a minority of cases. We report a rare case of a patient diagnosed with Graves' disease nearly six months after undergoing microwave ablation of a thyroid nodule.

Case presentation: On July 31, 2022, a 43-year-old male patient presented to our hospital with symptoms of pyrexia, excessive sweating, and palpitations lasting for 15 days. History inquiry revealed that the patient had undergone microwave ablation of right-sided thyroid nodule nearly five months ago at another hospital. The patient's thyroid ultrasound suggested bilateral diffuse thyroid lesions, with a moderately echogenic mass observed on the right side of the thyroid gland, potentially indicative of thyroid nodule ablation. The patient had elevated serum thyroid hormone levels, decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and positive associated thyroid antibodies. To control the symptoms of hyperthyroidism, the patient opted for oral antithyroid medication, and thyroid hormonal levels returned to normal after 3 months of treatment. The patient is now under regular follow-up.

Conclusions: In this case, we presented the onset of Graves' disease following microwave ablation in a patient with subclinical thyroid autoimmunity. While the causal relationship between microwave ablation and Graves' disease remains unproven, this case suggests that preexisting autoimmune thyroid conditions may increase susceptibility to postoperative thyroid dysfunction. Procedural factors, such as thermal injury to surrounding tissues and potential involvement of the autonomic nervous system, are also potential contributors to the development of Graves' disease following microwave ablation.

Background: The present study aimed to explore the threshold-effect association of serum ferritin levels with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and prediabetes mellitus in Chinese adults.

Methods: A total of 8365 people from CHNS a cross-sectional survey in 2009 were finally included. The biomarker data, including major cardiovascular biomarkers and important nutrition biomarkers were collected. The association of serum ferritin levels with T2DM and prediabetes mellitus were assessed by using restricted cubic spline function combined with multivariate logistic regression model.

Results: The mean age of the study subjects was 50.3 years, and 46.5% were men. The risk of T2DM and prediabetes mellitus increased when the ferritin level was greater than 140 ng/ml. The OR(OR = 0.59, 95% CI, 0.35-0.98)was lowest between 40 to < 60 ng/ml in men with prediabetes mellitus. The OR(OR = 0.61, 95% CI, 0.41-0.90)was lowest between 20 to < 40 ng/ml in women with prediabetes mellitus. Serum ferritin levels and OR value of women younger than 50 years old are lower than those of other participants.

Conclusions: There is a correlation between ferritin levels and pathoglycemia, with women under 50 years old having a lower risk for the same ferritin level, and maintaining low levels of ferritin can reduce the risk of developing diabetes mellitus.

Background: The goal of post-diagnosis diabetes management is the achievement and maintenance of glycaemic control. Most clinical practice guidelines recommend 3-6 monthly HbA1c monitoring. Despite this guidance, there are few data supporting the impact of monitoring frequency on clinical outcomes, particularly from low- and middle-income country settings. This study evaluates the short-term impact of HbA1c monitoring intervals on changes in HbA1c levels, and the impact of adherence to monitoring recommendations on the achievement of HbA1c targets and HbA1c changes over time in a South African cohort.

Research design and methods: The study utilised routinely collected HbA1c test data on patients with diabetes aged ≥ 18 years in the Western and Northern Cape between 2015 and 2020. Two properties were calculated for each patient: the retest interval (the duration between consecutive HbA1c tests), and the monitoring adherence rate, which represents the proportion of retest intervals that met South Africa's guideline recommendations. Mean changes in HbA1c by the retest interval were used to highlight the short-term impact of monitoring, while multistate modelling and linear mixed-effects modelling were then used to examine the effect of monitoring adherence on the achievement of glycaemic control targets and longitudinal changes in HbA1c.

Results: The 132,859 diabetes patients with repeat tests had a median of three HbA1c test requests, a median follow-up time of 2.3 years and a median retest interval of 10.3 months. A retest interval 2-4 months maximised the downward trajectory in HbA1c, while individuals with low adherence to the monitoring guidelines were the least likely to achieve glycaemic control in one year. Moreover, patients with low monitoring adherence had higher mean HbA1c levels compared to patients with moderate or high monitoring adherence.

Conclusions: The results from this study illustrate the importance of adherence to monitoring recommendations as adherent patients had better glycaemic control and lower mean HbA1c levels over time.

Background: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is frequently utilized in rheumatic immune disorders and has been discovered to exert hypoglycemic effects in some obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS), however, the precise efficacy and mechanism of action remain ambiguous.

Objective: To examine the impact of HCQ on glucose and lipid metabolism as well as sex hormone levels in obese women with PCOS.

Method: Fifty obese women with PCOS were randomly allocated into two groups: HCQ group (n = 25) and metformin (MET) group (n = 25). The HCQ group received a daily dose of 200 mg hydroxychloroquine, while the MET group received a daily dose of 1000 mg metformin. Body fat parameters, glucose and lipid metabolism levels, as well as hormone levels were evaluated. Additionally, the incidence of pregnancy within six months following treatment was also assessed. Network pharmacology was also employed to analyze the potential molecular mechanism.

Result: Patients in the HCQ group (n = 20) and MET group (n = 23) were ultimately included for analysis. Following treatment, both groups exhibited significant improvements in body fat distribution and glucose metabolism status, with the HCQ group demonstrating a notable advantage over the MET group in increasing insulin sensitivity index (ISI)(HCQ:1.87 ± 0.21,MET:1.75 ± 0.29). Serum lipid levels [Serum total cholesterol(TC, mmol/L)(HCQ:4.51 ± 0.87,MET:5.05 ± 0.65), triglyceride(TG, mmol/L)(HCQ:1.36 ± 0.51,MET:1.67 ± 0.72), low-density lipoprotein (LDL, mmol/L)(HCQ:2.66 ± 0.98,MET:0.47 ± 1.42),decreased in both groups post-treatment, with the HCQ group displaying clear advantages compared to the MET group. The improvement of sex hormone levels was not pronounced in either group, although there was an overall downward trend.

Conclusion: The potential benefits of HCQ in the management of in obese women with PCOS include significant improvements in body fat distribution, glucose and lipid metabolism levels, as well as correction of hormonal disorders.

Clinical trial registration: The study was officially registered as a clinical trial on April 17, 2022, with the registration number ChiCTR2200058816. https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=160099 .

Purpose: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent disorder among women. Exercise training has been known as an effective treatment for this disorder; however, there is small amount of evidence examining the optimal exercise programs. We evaluated the function of combined (COM) training on metabolic, hormonal parameters, and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in PCOS patients.

Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 30 women with PCOS divided (age: 23.8 ± 5.3 years, height:162.8 ± 4.9 cm, weight: 82.4 ± 9.7 kg, body mass index: 30.3 ± 3.9 kg/m²) into two groups to receive COM training intervention (n = 15) or control group (n = 15) for eight weeks. At the baseline and end-of-intervention, metabolic profiles including fasting plasma glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), lipid profiles, testosterone, free androgen index (FAI), sex hormone binding globulin, anti-Müllerian hormone, malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, and high Sensitive-C reactive protein were evaluated.

Results: After eight-week intervention in training group, insulin (P < 0.001), HOMA-IR (P < 0.001), total cholesterol (P < 0.001), LDL-cholesterol (P < 0.001), total testosterone (P < 0.001), AMH ( P = 0.02),MDA (P = 0.04) and FAI (P < 0.001) were significantly decreased, while QUICKI (P = 0.002) was remarkably increased compared with the control group. Moreover, findings showed that there are no significant differences in other variables in the training group compared to the control group.

Conclusions: We concluded that combined training is an effective training protocol (50%-70% 1RM for strength training and 60%-70 THR for endurance training) for treatment of PCOS, although further studies are needed to reach comprehensive data regarding the design of exercise protocols with different intensity and volume for PCOS patients.

Trial registration: Registered retrospectively in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20130812014333N143) on March 22, 2020. Access at https://en.irct.ir/trial/46295 .

Background: Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) and allergic rhinitis (AR) are prevalent conditions; however, limited research has investigated their association. This study aimed to evaluate whether AR can be considered a risk factor for developing AITD.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study analyzed the records of AITD patients who visited Alexandria University Students Hospital between January 2017 and December 2021. The parameters included in the study were thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb), eosinophils count, and IgE.

Results: Out of 4,515 eligible patients, 41.7% were diagnosed with AR in addition to AITD. Among the patients with both conditions, 81% were females, their mean age was 45.71 ± 24.14 years, and the mean duration of AITD was 7.32 ± 2.11 years. The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the AR cohort had a higher cumulative incidence of AITD than did the non-AR cohort (log-rank test, p = 0.001). Multivariate-adjusted hazardous ratios showed that patients with AR, female sex, higher white blood cell count, and diagnosis in November had a higher risk of developing AITD.

Conclusions: Screening for AITD should be conducted at the time of diagnosis of AR as it could be a risk factor for AITD.

Background: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is associated with high cardiovascular risk. Thyroid volume has a notable dispersion of values in these patients. This study aims to clarify the association between thyroid antibodies, thyroid morphology, insulin resistance, and lipid profile in patients with HT.

Methods: Cross-sectional study that includes 409 subjects diagnosed with HT. We assessed thyroid function, markers of autoimmunity, and markers of cardiovascular risk. We also evaluated thyroid ultrasound and studied the correlation between all factors.

Results: Among the study population, 9.8% were male, the mean age was 56.4 ± 17.4 years, 63.7% had dyslipidemia, and 29.5% had diabetes. Patients with hypothyroidism had higher levels of anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOab), and the decreased thyroid dimensions subgroup had a higher percentage of patients taking levothyroxine (98.7%). Positive correlations were found between TPOab and volume, and negative correlations were observed between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and volume.

Conclusion: The current study reveals a complex interrelationship between cardiovascular disease risk factors, thyroid function, autoimmunity, and thyroid volume in HT. These associations may be of clinical relevance, and further studies are needed to elucidate how these findings may be used clinically to reduce the cardiovascular risk in patients with HT.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic illnesses in children with multiple psychosocial, economic and developmental effects. Psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, psychological distress, and eating disorders are more common in diabetic patients than the non-diabetic once. The main objective of our study was to assess Prevalence and associated factors of psychiatric problems in children aged 6-18 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Gondar, Ethiopia.

Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 206 children aged 6-18 years with type-1 diabetes mellitus having regular follow-ups at the University of Gondar comprehensive and Specialized Hospital (UoGCSH) over three three-month period. Data was collected by trained physicians using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. Convenient sampling technique was applied and Participants were selected sequentially until the sample size was achieved. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used for Model fitness and the strength of association was determined using an OR, p-value of < 0.05 and 95% CI.

Results: The prevalence of psychiatric problems was 11.7% and those children living with only either of the parent (AOR = 8.39, 95%: 1.5-46), living with other relatives (AOR = 11.3, 95% CI: 1.97-64.7), more than 5 family size (AOR = 0.3, 95%CI: 0.1-1.2), fathers attended formal education (AOR = 0.3, 95%: 0.04-1.73), a patient having good glycemic control (AOR = 0.2, 95%: 0.04-0.67) and those with a family history of diabetes mellitus(AOR = 5.2, 95% CI: 1.2-22.1) were significantly associated with a psychiatric problem in diabetic aged 6-18 years with p-value < 0.05.

Conclusion: The prevalence of psychiatric problems in diabetic children was significantly high and children living with single parent, paternal educational status, glycemic control, family history of diabetes, and family size were found to have significant association with the occurrence of psychiatric problems in diabetic children.

Background: Thyroid disorders are common endocrine conditions impacting multiple organs, including the reproductive system and often lead to sexual dysfunction. These effects can vary by gender; for example, women with hypothyroidism frequently experience reduced libido. Low thyroid hormone levels are also linked to vaginal dryness, causing discomfort, especially during intercourse. This study aims to assess the global prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women with thyroid disorders.

Methods: Systematic searches were performed across electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar, to retrieve studies reporting the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in patients with thyroid disorders up to February 8, 2024. Inclusion criteria comprised studies that reported on the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in patients with thyroid disorders and studies published in English available full text. Exclusion criteria included case studies, intervention studies, studies with incomplete information, repeated studies and those not written in English. Cross-sectional studies were the primary study design included. Data were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (Version 2).

Results: Analysis of nine studies, involving a total sample size of 1013, found an overall prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women with thyroid disorders to be 44.8% (95% CI: 33.8-56.2). Given the substantial reporting of sexual dysfunction among women with either hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, subgroup analyses were conducted. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction was 41.8% (95% CI: 26.3-59) among women with hypothyroidism and 59.6% (95% CI: 50.5-68.1) among those with hyperthyroidism.

Conclusion: The notable prevalence of sexual dysfunction in women with thyroid disorders highlights the for increased awareness among this population. Targeted awareness initiatives may help mitigate the occurrence of sexual dysfunction and its adverse effects, improving overall quality of life for affected women.

Clinical trial number: Not applicable.