Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.15376/biores.18.4.8631-8652
Danuta Joanna Aigner, Lena Hinterholzer, Lukas Almhofer, Robert H. Bischof, Tanja Wrodnigg
d-Xylitol, a biomass-derived sweetener, is increasingly used in cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. The raw material for d-xylitol production, d-xylose, is easily accessible from dissolving pulp production. d-xylitol production involves the heterogeneously catalyzed hydrogenation of d-xylose; this process is energy intensive, as the use of H2 requires high pressure and temperature. This work examined catalytic transfer hydrogenation for xylose conversion into xylitol. Formic acid (FA) was used to replace H2 as the H-donor, as it is easily available, inexpensive, may be obtained from renewable sources, and it avoids the risks associated with the use of high-pressure inflammable gas. A variety of commercially available catalysts were screened to reveal the one enabling the highest yield. The experiments were performed at 40, 80, and 140 °C, with pure xylose as a model compound. Triethylamine (Et3N) was added to ensure sufficient conversion rates. Based on the preliminary studies an experimental design was created (Design Expert®), including the two best performing catalysts Ru/Al2O3 and Ru/C, to investigate the influence of temperature and H-donor and base concentration on xylitol yield. Ru/C resulted in maximum d-xylitol yield of 73.2 % at 100 °C, FA to d-xylose ratio 5:1 and Et3N to FA ratio 0.4.
{"title":"Conversion of xylose into D-xylitol using catalytic transfer hydrogenation with formic acid as H-donor","authors":"Danuta Joanna Aigner, Lena Hinterholzer, Lukas Almhofer, Robert H. Bischof, Tanja Wrodnigg","doi":"10.15376/biores.18.4.8631-8652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.4.8631-8652","url":null,"abstract":"d-Xylitol, a biomass-derived sweetener, is increasingly used in cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. The raw material for d-xylitol production, d-xylose, is easily accessible from dissolving pulp production. d-xylitol production involves the heterogeneously catalyzed hydrogenation of d-xylose; this process is energy intensive, as the use of H2 requires high pressure and temperature. This work examined catalytic transfer hydrogenation for xylose conversion into xylitol. Formic acid (FA) was used to replace H2 as the H-donor, as it is easily available, inexpensive, may be obtained from renewable sources, and it avoids the risks associated with the use of high-pressure inflammable gas. A variety of commercially available catalysts were screened to reveal the one enabling the highest yield. The experiments were performed at 40, 80, and 140 °C, with pure xylose as a model compound. Triethylamine (Et3N) was added to ensure sufficient conversion rates. Based on the preliminary studies an experimental design was created (Design Expert®), including the two best performing catalysts Ru/Al2O3 and Ru/C, to investigate the influence of temperature and H-donor and base concentration on xylitol yield. Ru/C resulted in maximum d-xylitol yield of 73.2 % at 100 °C, FA to d-xylose ratio 5:1 and Et3N to FA ratio 0.4.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135928370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.15376/biores.18.4.8573-8584
Akihiro Hideno
Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) consists of ultrafine cellulose structures in which the fibrils can have widths in the range from about 5 to 100 nm. NFC has been studied and developed in the paper industry, using bleached pulp from wood as the raw material. One of the issues in the application of NFC is their heat resistance to thermal degradation. The production process of NFC results in a decrease in their pyrolysis temperature during the nanofibrillation of bleached pulp; however, the details behind the reason and mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, NFC was prepared from bleached hardwood and softwood pulp by mechanical nanofibrillation using a grinder, and the pyrolysis behavior was investigated. For both bleached pulps, a decrease in the pyrolysis temperature was observed after nanofibrillation. The results suggest that the decrease in the pyrolysis temperature from nanofibrillation is not due to damage of the crystalline cellulose by nano fibrillation, but the damage of the hemicellulose components in the surface of the cellulose microfibrils or the interface between the crystalline cellulose and hemicellulose. If the hemicellulose on the surface of crystalline cellulose could be removed from the NFC, then the decrease in the pyrolysis temperature could be suppressed.
{"title":"Thermal-degradation characteristics of mechanically nanofibrillated bleached pulps from hardwood and softwood","authors":"Akihiro Hideno","doi":"10.15376/biores.18.4.8573-8584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.4.8573-8584","url":null,"abstract":"Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) consists of ultrafine cellulose structures in which the fibrils can have widths in the range from about 5 to 100 nm. NFC has been studied and developed in the paper industry, using bleached pulp from wood as the raw material. One of the issues in the application of NFC is their heat resistance to thermal degradation. The production process of NFC results in a decrease in their pyrolysis temperature during the nanofibrillation of bleached pulp; however, the details behind the reason and mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, NFC was prepared from bleached hardwood and softwood pulp by mechanical nanofibrillation using a grinder, and the pyrolysis behavior was investigated. For both bleached pulps, a decrease in the pyrolysis temperature was observed after nanofibrillation. The results suggest that the decrease in the pyrolysis temperature from nanofibrillation is not due to damage of the crystalline cellulose by nano fibrillation, but the damage of the hemicellulose components in the surface of the cellulose microfibrils or the interface between the crystalline cellulose and hemicellulose. If the hemicellulose on the surface of crystalline cellulose could be removed from the NFC, then the decrease in the pyrolysis temperature could be suppressed.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"24 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136068731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.15376/biores.18.4.8614-8630
Claudia Marcela Ibanez, S. Nami Kartal, Ekim Elçin Soytürk, Fatih Kurul, Sedanur Şeker, M. Serdar Önses, Nusret Çelik, Adem Berke Temiz
Physical and mechanical properties were evaluated for all-sided charred Pinus taeda and Eucalyptus bosistoana wood by hot plate contact heating system followed by treatment with linseed oil. The water absorption, volumetric swelling, wettability, hardness, modulus of rupture, and modulus of elasticity in bending strength and compression strength parallel to grain were determined. The water absorption and volumetric swell were determined after immersion in water, as measured at various intervals of water immersion up to 120 h. The results suggested that the contact charring process with the addition of a linseed oil application improved water absorption and volumetric swell properties of charred specimens compared to un-charred controls. Hardness of the charred wood decreased by 38% and 43% in P. taeda and E. bosistoana specimens, respectively, compared with their respective controls. The highest reductions were seen in modulus of elasticity and compression strength values in charred P. taeda specimens, while modulus of rupture (MOR) values decreased more in charred E. bosistoana specimens than in charred P. taeda specimens. These results suggested that charring of P. taeda and E. bosistoana wood does improve the moisture-related characteristics; however, their mechanical behavior and hardness decreased.
{"title":"Changes in the physical and mechanical properties of Pinus taeda and Eucalyptus bosistoana wood modified by contact charring","authors":"Claudia Marcela Ibanez, S. Nami Kartal, Ekim Elçin Soytürk, Fatih Kurul, Sedanur Şeker, M. Serdar Önses, Nusret Çelik, Adem Berke Temiz","doi":"10.15376/biores.18.4.8614-8630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.4.8614-8630","url":null,"abstract":"Physical and mechanical properties were evaluated for all-sided charred Pinus taeda and Eucalyptus bosistoana wood by hot plate contact heating system followed by treatment with linseed oil. The water absorption, volumetric swelling, wettability, hardness, modulus of rupture, and modulus of elasticity in bending strength and compression strength parallel to grain were determined. The water absorption and volumetric swell were determined after immersion in water, as measured at various intervals of water immersion up to 120 h. The results suggested that the contact charring process with the addition of a linseed oil application improved water absorption and volumetric swell properties of charred specimens compared to un-charred controls. Hardness of the charred wood decreased by 38% and 43% in P. taeda and E. bosistoana specimens, respectively, compared with their respective controls. The highest reductions were seen in modulus of elasticity and compression strength values in charred P. taeda specimens, while modulus of rupture (MOR) values decreased more in charred E. bosistoana specimens than in charred P. taeda specimens. These results suggested that charring of P. taeda and E. bosistoana wood does improve the moisture-related characteristics; however, their mechanical behavior and hardness decreased.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136104909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bakanae disease caused by Fusarium fujikuroi is emerging in India. In this work, fungicides and biocontrol agents were evaluated as seed, seedling treatment, and foliar spray(s) against bakanae disease in rice under field conditions. Carbendazim (50% WP) was found to be the most effective fungicide for seed and seedling root dip treatments. Soil drenching with 0.25% carbendazim (50% WP) 5 days before transplanting of seedlings was effective for large scale treatments. Foliar spray of 0.1% tebuconazole 50%+ trifloxystrobin 25% w/w (75 WG) significantly reduced the percentage of infected seeds (7.17%) compared with the control (32.50%). The minimum disease incidence (31%) was observed when seeds were treated with Talaromyces flavus. Individual treatments were integrated in the form of six management modules and evaluated under the field conditions of New Delhi (India) and Pusa Bihar (India) with the susceptible cultivars ‘Pusa Basmati 1121’ and ‘Pusa 1176’. Bakanae disease incidence was lower in the modules tested compared with the inoculated control or the individual treatment. The most favorable results at two locations achieved the lowest disease incidence of 7% and 2.41%.
{"title":"Integrated management practices against an emerging Bakanae disease of rice under the hot-humid climate of Indo-Gangetic plains of India","authors":"Bishnu Maya Bashyal, Ashish Kumar Gupta, Dhiraj Singh, Dinesh Singh, Rohan Raman, Gaurav Kumar Yadav, S. Gopalakrishnan, Rashmi Aggarwal","doi":"10.15376/biores.18.4.8585-8600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.4.8585-8600","url":null,"abstract":"Bakanae disease caused by Fusarium fujikuroi is emerging in India. In this work, fungicides and biocontrol agents were evaluated as seed, seedling treatment, and foliar spray(s) against bakanae disease in rice under field conditions. Carbendazim (50% WP) was found to be the most effective fungicide for seed and seedling root dip treatments. Soil drenching with 0.25% carbendazim (50% WP) 5 days before transplanting of seedlings was effective for large scale treatments. Foliar spray of 0.1% tebuconazole 50%+ trifloxystrobin 25% w/w (75 WG) significantly reduced the percentage of infected seeds (7.17%) compared with the control (32.50%). The minimum disease incidence (31%) was observed when seeds were treated with Talaromyces flavus. Individual treatments were integrated in the form of six management modules and evaluated under the field conditions of New Delhi (India) and Pusa Bihar (India) with the susceptible cultivars ‘Pusa Basmati 1121’ and ‘Pusa 1176’. Bakanae disease incidence was lower in the modules tested compared with the inoculated control or the individual treatment. The most favorable results at two locations achieved the lowest disease incidence of 7% and 2.41%.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"112 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136105392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.15376/biores.18.4.8601-8613
Chen Chen, Yan Qiu, Yueqian Yang, Wei Xu
Melamine-impregnated paper decorated medium-density fiberboard (MIP-MDF) is the main board used for wooden furniture materials in China, and the formaldehyde released from the board and furniture products is harmful to human beings and is a wide concern. This paper aimed to pay attention to the formaldehyde emission of MIP-MDF and its furniture products. This study utilized a 1 m³climatic chamber to measure the formaldehyde emission of MIP-MDF and nightstand made of MIP-MDF in relation to the time and load factors. According to the results, in the 2 to 24 h stage, the emission of formaldehyde in the nightstand made of MIP-MDF materials changed significantly, and the overall trend showed a changing trend of first increasing and then declining. The formaldehyde emission of MIP-MDF stabilized after 40 h, while the formaldehyde emission of the nightstand stabilized after 60 h. As time passed, the formaldehyde emission changes of MIP-MDF and nightstand were almost the same. The formaldehyde emission of MIP-MDF and nightstand has a specific positive correlation with the carrying load. With increased carrying loads, the formaldehyde emission tends to increase, but the degree of influence gradually decreases with the addition of the carrying loads.
{"title":"Formaldehyde emission pattern of melamine impregnated paper decorated medium density fiberboard and its furniture products","authors":"Chen Chen, Yan Qiu, Yueqian Yang, Wei Xu","doi":"10.15376/biores.18.4.8601-8613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.4.8601-8613","url":null,"abstract":"Melamine-impregnated paper decorated medium-density fiberboard (MIP-MDF) is the main board used for wooden furniture materials in China, and the formaldehyde released from the board and furniture products is harmful to human beings and is a wide concern. This paper aimed to pay attention to the formaldehyde emission of MIP-MDF and its furniture products. This study utilized a 1 m³climatic chamber to measure the formaldehyde emission of MIP-MDF and nightstand made of MIP-MDF in relation to the time and load factors. According to the results, in the 2 to 24 h stage, the emission of formaldehyde in the nightstand made of MIP-MDF materials changed significantly, and the overall trend showed a changing trend of first increasing and then declining. The formaldehyde emission of MIP-MDF stabilized after 40 h, while the formaldehyde emission of the nightstand stabilized after 60 h. As time passed, the formaldehyde emission changes of MIP-MDF and nightstand were almost the same. The formaldehyde emission of MIP-MDF and nightstand has a specific positive correlation with the carrying load. With increased carrying loads, the formaldehyde emission tends to increase, but the degree of influence gradually decreases with the addition of the carrying loads.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"20 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136105054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Routine maintenance of fruit trees generates a substantial quantity of pruning waste each year. This waste is potential feedstock for producing energy, materials, and other products. The feasibility of making biochar from the waste via pyrolysis was evaluated. The effects of seven tree species, different pruning sites, and temperature on the pyrolysis process, and the physicochemical properties of the biochar were studied. Pyrolysis of different tree species at 500 °C yielded 27.5 to 33.3% biochar, with a high calorific value (approximately 30 MJ/kg), low ash content (approximately 4%), and capturing up to 60% of the carbon element present. Simultaneously, when the temperature was increased from 400 to 700 °C, the yield of biochar decreased from 35.8% to 24.3%, but the properties improved with the higher heating value rising from 29.2 to 31.3 MJ/kg and the iodine value from 234 to 252 mg/g. The biochar has a good pore structure with a specific surface area of 237 m2/g, total pore volume of 0.175 cm3/g, and average pore size of 2.96 nm. In general, biochar from the pyrolysis of fruitwood pruning waste generated here could be an ideal feedstock to produce high-value-added products, such as solid fuels, activated carbon, and electrode materials.
{"title":"Preparation and physicochemical properties of biochar from the pyrolysis of pruning waste of typical fruit tree in north China","authors":"Xuelei Liu, Xueyong Ren, Jiangchuan Dong, Bowei Wang, Jianli Gao, Ruijiang Wang, Jingjing Yao, Wenbo Cao","doi":"10.15376/biores.18.4.8536-8556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.4.8536-8556","url":null,"abstract":"Routine maintenance of fruit trees generates a substantial quantity of pruning waste each year. This waste is potential feedstock for producing energy, materials, and other products. The feasibility of making biochar from the waste via pyrolysis was evaluated. The effects of seven tree species, different pruning sites, and temperature on the pyrolysis process, and the physicochemical properties of the biochar were studied. Pyrolysis of different tree species at 500 °C yielded 27.5 to 33.3% biochar, with a high calorific value (approximately 30 MJ/kg), low ash content (approximately 4%), and capturing up to 60% of the carbon element present. Simultaneously, when the temperature was increased from 400 to 700 °C, the yield of biochar decreased from 35.8% to 24.3%, but the properties improved with the higher heating value rising from 29.2 to 31.3 MJ/kg and the iodine value from 234 to 252 mg/g. The biochar has a good pore structure with a specific surface area of 237 m2/g, total pore volume of 0.175 cm3/g, and average pore size of 2.96 nm. In general, biochar from the pyrolysis of fruitwood pruning waste generated here could be an ideal feedstock to produce high-value-added products, such as solid fuels, activated carbon, and electrode materials.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"164 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136068494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.15376/biores.18.4.8557-8572
Sezgin Ayan, Esra Nurten Yer Çelik, Orhan Gülseven, Batın Mehmet Yer, Muhammed Eskiömer
This study was conducted in the afforestation area, using bare-root 2+0-year-old Scots pine seedlings from Kastamonu. The study aimed to determine the impact of nanoparticle (NP) applications on seedling morphological characteristics and seedling survival success. Three different concentrations (low, medium, high) and four different nanoparticle types [Fe₃O₄, CuO, ZnO, TiO2] were applied to the plant root-dipping method in the study. The effects of NP treatments on seedling height (SH), root collar diameter (RCD), stem fresh weight (SFW), root new weight (RFW), seedling fresh weight (SEFW), root dry weight (RDW), stem dry weight (SDW), seedling dry weight (SEDW), sturdiness quotient (SI), root: shoot ratio (R/S), and seedling survival in the field were evaluated. The study results revealed that NP types significantly affected all seedling variables except RFW, SDW, RDW, and SEDW, and NP doses significantly affected all seedling variables except RFW. The binary interaction effects of NP types and doses had a significant effect on all seedling variables, and higher values were obtained compared to the control treatment. Medium and high NP doses were more effective in seedling growth than low doses; the percentage of seedling survival was 61.4% in the control treatment and 95% in the TiO2-Medium NP treatment combination.
{"title":"Effects of nanoparticle applications on seedling survival and morphological characteristics in Scots pine afforestation","authors":"Sezgin Ayan, Esra Nurten Yer Çelik, Orhan Gülseven, Batın Mehmet Yer, Muhammed Eskiömer","doi":"10.15376/biores.18.4.8557-8572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.4.8557-8572","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted in the afforestation area, using bare-root 2+0-year-old Scots pine seedlings from Kastamonu. The study aimed to determine the impact of nanoparticle (NP) applications on seedling morphological characteristics and seedling survival success. Three different concentrations (low, medium, high) and four different nanoparticle types [Fe₃O₄, CuO, ZnO, TiO2] were applied to the plant root-dipping method in the study. The effects of NP treatments on seedling height (SH), root collar diameter (RCD), stem fresh weight (SFW), root new weight (RFW), seedling fresh weight (SEFW), root dry weight (RDW), stem dry weight (SDW), seedling dry weight (SEDW), sturdiness quotient (SI), root: shoot ratio (R/S), and seedling survival in the field were evaluated. The study results revealed that NP types significantly affected all seedling variables except RFW, SDW, RDW, and SEDW, and NP doses significantly affected all seedling variables except RFW. The binary interaction effects of NP types and doses had a significant effect on all seedling variables, and higher values were obtained compared to the control treatment. Medium and high NP doses were more effective in seedling growth than low doses; the percentage of seedling survival was 61.4% in the control treatment and 95% in the TiO2-Medium NP treatment combination.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"215 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136069238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.15376/biores.18.4.8528-8535
Pedro H. S. Campos, Antonio J. Santos Junior, Matheus V. de Souza, Marjorie P. Herradon, Vitória B. L. Libera, Lucas. E. Dezen, Élen V. da Silva, Ananda G. B. P. Silva, Felipe R. Rodrigues, Rodrigo A. Bispo, Pedro H.S. Cazella, Sérgio A.M. da Silva, André L. Christoforo
To reduce dependence on wood and deforestation, alternative materials have been considered. This research evaluated particleboards panels of Pinus elliotti mixed with residues of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in flakes with 50% of each material, glued with 10% of castor oil-based polyurethane resin (PUR). The temperature during board production was varied to evaluate its influence on the physical and mechanical properties of the boards. The study concludes that the increase in temperature did not result in a significant improvement in the particleboard properties, but their results showed application potential according to the normative standards.
{"title":"Evaluation and production of high-strength wood composite panels with polyethylene terephthalate (PET)","authors":"Pedro H. S. Campos, Antonio J. Santos Junior, Matheus V. de Souza, Marjorie P. Herradon, Vitória B. L. Libera, Lucas. E. Dezen, Élen V. da Silva, Ananda G. B. P. Silva, Felipe R. Rodrigues, Rodrigo A. Bispo, Pedro H.S. Cazella, Sérgio A.M. da Silva, André L. Christoforo","doi":"10.15376/biores.18.4.8528-8535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.4.8528-8535","url":null,"abstract":"To reduce dependence on wood and deforestation, alternative materials have been considered. This research evaluated particleboards panels of Pinus elliotti mixed with residues of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in flakes with 50% of each material, glued with 10% of castor oil-based polyurethane resin (PUR). The temperature during board production was varied to evaluate its influence on the physical and mechanical properties of the boards. The study concludes that the increase in temperature did not result in a significant improvement in the particleboard properties, but their results showed application potential according to the normative standards.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136312545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.15376/biores.18.4.8473-8483
Ken Takeyama, Hideyuki Yokochi, Satoru Nishio, Satoru Tsuchikaw
Several studies have been conducted to reduce the idling noise of circular saws because the sound level is extremely high and harms the environment. However, conventional noise suppression technology only controls the vibrations of the circular saw itself, whereas idling noise can be generated when the air inside the enclosure is resonant. In this study, the relationship between the rotational speeds of the circular saw blade and the frequencies of the resonance sound when the circular saw blade is running idle in an enclosure was examined. Additionally, the sound pressure modes and frequencies of the air in the enclosure were analyzed using the finite element method of acoustic analysis. The results showed that resonance sound was generated only when the circular saw blade was enclosed. The frequencies of the resonance sound generated by a circular saw blade made of acrylic plastic were the same as those generated by a steel saw blade. The resonance sound was generated regardless of the outer diameter of the circular saw blade. The peak resonant frequencies formed a step-like line during the analysis in which the rotational speed of the saw blade was steadily increased.
{"title":"Characteristics of resonance sound in a circular saw enclosure","authors":"Ken Takeyama, Hideyuki Yokochi, Satoru Nishio, Satoru Tsuchikaw","doi":"10.15376/biores.18.4.8473-8483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.4.8473-8483","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies have been conducted to reduce the idling noise of circular saws because the sound level is extremely high and harms the environment. However, conventional noise suppression technology only controls the vibrations of the circular saw itself, whereas idling noise can be generated when the air inside the enclosure is resonant. In this study, the relationship between the rotational speeds of the circular saw blade and the frequencies of the resonance sound when the circular saw blade is running idle in an enclosure was examined. Additionally, the sound pressure modes and frequencies of the air in the enclosure were analyzed using the finite element method of acoustic analysis. The results showed that resonance sound was generated only when the circular saw blade was enclosed. The frequencies of the resonance sound generated by a circular saw blade made of acrylic plastic were the same as those generated by a steel saw blade. The resonance sound was generated regardless of the outer diameter of the circular saw blade. The peak resonant frequencies formed a step-like line during the analysis in which the rotational speed of the saw blade was steadily increased.","PeriodicalId":9172,"journal":{"name":"Bioresources","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136311652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.15376/biores.18.4.8484-8502
Murat Aydın, Tuğba Yılmaz Aydın
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of growth ring number (specimens including 2, 4, and 6 rings from the bark) and growth ring width on elastic constants in the radial direction of Populus x canadensis, which has not been revealed before. The longitudinal (2.25 MHz) and transverse (1 MHz) ultrasonic waves were propagated to calculate the longitudinal (VRR) and shear (VRL, VLR, VTR, and VRT) wave velocities and used to determine the elasticity modulus (ER), and shear moduli (GRL and GRT). The average growth ring widths of specimens including 2, 4, and 6 rings were 17.0 mm, 17.8 mm, and 18.2 mm, respectively. According to the results, only VRL steadily increased with increased ring number, while other velocities fluctuated. The same fluctuations were observed for moduli except for GLR, which constantly increased with ring number. The influence of ring number on velocity was statistically significant only for VRL and VRT. However, all moduli were significantly affected by ring number. Linear regression statistics revealed that there were significant relations between the ring width and density, VRL, VLR, VRT, GRL, and GRT.
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